tussen

tussen (prepositional)
tussen (adverb postpositional)
ertussen
hiertussen
daartussen
waartussen
ergens tussen
nergens tussen
overal tussen

Afrikaans: tussen

Berbice Creole Dutch: tosn

Negerhollands: tyssen, tuschen

From Middle Dutch twisschen, tusschen, a shortening of Old Dutch intwiskan, originally a prepositional phrase *in twiskan. The latter word is from Proto-Germanic *twiskaz, *twiskijaz (“twofold, double”), from Proto-Indo-European *dwís (“twice, doubly; in two”).

tussenruimte

an intervening space, interstice, space, gap

tussentitel

subtitle, subordinate heading, intertitle

Je middelvinger zit tussen je wijsvinger en je ringvinger.

Your middle finger is between your index finger and your ring finger.

Als ik moest kiezen tussen jou en hem, zou ik altijd voor jou kiezen.

If I had to choose between you and him, I would always choose you.

Wat is het verschil tussen krokodillen en alligators?

What is the difference between crocodiles and alligators?

Ik kon je niet vinden tussen al die mensen.

I couldn't find you among all those people.


lé

head

lé (plus dative, triggers h-prothesis, before the definite article leis)


ees

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


inni

(rare) denotes movement into – into, inside, within

denotes static location; also an internal state – in, within, (on the) inside


ilm

From ilm (“air”). Related to Finnish ilman.


út

From Old Frisian ūt, from Proto-West Germanic *ūt.


cù

From Latin cum, from Old Latin com, from Proto-Italic *kom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“next to, along”). Cognates include Italian con and Romanian cu.

inh

veni cù noi


बिना

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀯𑀺𑀡𑀸 (viṇā), from Sanskrit विना (vínā). Doublet of विना (vinā). Cognate with Punjabi ਬਿਨ (bin) / بِن (bin), Mewari वना (vanā) Kachchi વિણ- (viṇa-), Marathi बिन- (bin-).

inh+

बिना दूध की चाय


along about

If you ask for it back Sunday he might return it along about Wednesday.

(idiomatic, informal) Approximately; at around some time.


és

Since Old French, contraction of en (“in”) + les (“the”).


kanta

Proto-Brythonic:

Old Breton: cant

Breton: gant

Old Cornish: cant

Cornish: gans

Middle Welsh: cant

Welsh: gan

Old Irish: cét- (rare)

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥-ti-, from *ḱóm (“with”). See also *kom- (“with”). Closely related to *kantyos (“gathering”).


on the verge of

He was finally on the verge of success.

Every time I thought he was on the verge of telling us, he decided to say something else instead.


dalam

From Proto-Chamic *dalam, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daləm, from Proto-Austronesian *daləm.


dalam

From Proto-Malayic *daləm, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daləm, from Proto-Austronesian *daləm.

dalam jaku Inggeris


dalam

From Malay dalam, from Proto-Malayic *daləm, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daləm, from Proto-Austronesian *daləm. Doublet of dalem.


dalam

Indonesian: dalam

dalam bahasa Inggris


utan

Eg er utan pengane mine.


utan

Att inte beakta finansmarknadens djuppsykologiska dimensioner uppfattas mer och mer som att spela Hamlet utan prinsen av Danmark

To not take into account the deep psychological dimensions of the finance market is regarded more and more like playing Hamlet without the prince of Denmark


eus

From Proto-Celtic *exs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs (“out”).

O tont eus pelecʼh emaocʼh?

eus dek eur da greisteiz

an darn vrasañ eus an dud


en dépit de

en dépit du bon sens


to do with

what does that have to do with the price of tea in China

do

syntactic marker to avoid repetition of an earlier verb

As I recall, his book had to do with alien abductions.

Used directly after the verb have or have got.

Does this have anything to do with the party you were planning?

The two concepts are often confused, but they actually have very little to do with each other.

Yes, I have a car, but what does that have to do with whether I am qualified for a desk job?

Used after the verb have or have got and a pronoun or determiner.

She says she doesn't want anything to do with him anymore.

Used after a pronoun or determiner without the verb have or have got.


nar

head

nar (+ dative, triggers eclipsis of a vowel)

of a vowel (triggers-eclipsis)
nam (first-person possessive singular)
nar (first-person plural possessive)
nad (possessive second-person singular)
nur (plural possessive second-person)
nam^(N 1)) (masculine plural possessive third-person)
nam^(N 1)) (feminine plural possessive third-person)


مني

first-person singular pronominal form of من (min): from me


wiþ

English: with, wi

Geordie English: wi, wiv

Scots: wi

Yola: wee, wie, wi, wi', w', wough


wiþ

desctree

Middle English: wiþ, with
English: with, wi
Geordie English: wi, wiv
Scots: wi
Yola: wee, wie, wi, wi', w', wough

Probably a shortening of a Germanic preposition represented by Old English wiþer, from Proto-Germanic *wiþrą (“against”). Cognate with Old Frisian with, Old Saxon with, Old Norse við.

late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies
...;sē ūs ġescylt wið eallum yfellum.
...;He shieldeth us against every evil.

against, opposite (typically + accusative with sense of motion or active opposition, typically + dative otherwise)

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Passion of St.Alban, Martyr"
Eall swa þa unriht-wisan deman þe heora domas awendað, æfre be þam sceattum na be soðfæstnysse and habbað æfre to cepe heora soðfæstnysse, and swa hi sylfe syllað wið sceattum...

So likewise those unrighteous judges who pervert their judgments, always for gain, and not for justice, and always offer their justice for sale, and thus sell themselves for the sake of money,...


gu

head

gu (+ dative, no mutation, before the definite article chun, combined with the singular definite article gun)

thugam (first-person singular)
thugamsa (emphatic first-person singular)
thugad (second-person singular)
thugadsa (emphatic second-person singular)
thuige (masculine singular third-person)
thuigesan (emphatic masculine singular third-person)
thuice (feminine singular third-person)
thuicese (emphatic feminine singular third-person)
thugainn (first-person plural)
thugainne (emphatic first-person plural)
thugaibh (plural second-person)
thugaibhse (emphatic plural second-person)
thuca (plural third-person)
thucasan (emphatic plural third-person)

From Middle Irish go, from Old Irish co. Cognates include Irish go and Manx dy.

Fanaidh mi gu ochd uairean.

Chuir mi litir gu mo phàrantan.


neder

From Old Dutch nither, from Proto-West Germanic *niþer, from Proto-Germanic *niþer.


nao

From Middle Low German nâch, nâ, from Old Saxon nāh.

Sauerländisch, East Westphalian, South Westphalian

(Brandenburgisch, including Altmärkisch; Westphalian, including Westmünsterländisch, Münsterland) to, towards


al lado

Mi cuarto de baño está al lado de mi dormitorio.

¿«Dónde vives»? «Al lado de Martes».


mellan

From Old Swedish mællom, mællan, mællin, mælle, millom, from Old Norse miðlum.


cen

cen (governs the accusative; triggers lenition)

cenutsu (emphatic second-person singular)
cene (accusative masculine neuter singular third-person)
cenae (accusative masculine neuter singular third-person)
cenuibsi (emphatic plural second-person)
cenaib (accusative plural third-person)
cen (mutation mutation-radical)
chen (mutation mutation-nasal)
cen (mutation)

Irish: gan

Manx: gyn

Scottish Gaelic: gun

From Proto-Celtic *kina (“on this side of”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱe (“this, here”); compare Breton ken (“otherwise”).

Cía ru·bé cen ní diib, ní·rubai cenaib huli.

Though he might be without some of them, he could not be without all of them.

cid atob·aich cen dílgud cech ancridi do·gnethe frib, et ní bethe fria acre

what impels you pl not to forgive every injury that may have been done to you, and that you should not be about to sue [because of] it?


sipas

sipas profecisë


vora

Inherited from Latin ōra. Compare Spanish orilla.

a la vora del foc


middel

From Old English middel, from Proto-Germanic *midilą, a form of *midlą.


zem

Common Balto-Slavic root; compare to zeme.


bakal

Inherited from Malay bakal, probably from Old Javanese bakal.


bakal

Indonesian: bakal

Probably from Old Javanese bakal (“future, prospective”).


gor

Welsh: ger

From Old Welsh guor, from Proto-Brythonic *gwor, Proto-Celtic *uɸor (“over”), from Proto-Indo-European *upér. Cognate with Irish for.


dég

From di (“from”) + fíach (“debt”), literally "from the debt of".

in sechtugud .i. tabairt almsan son ⁊ denum maith amal dund·gniid-si huare ad·ciat-som do·n-indnagar cech maith duibsi deg innanani-sin [leg. inna n-í-sin].

The deception, i.e. giving alms and doing good, as you do it, because they see that every good thing is given to you because of those things.

.i. deg i[n]d ainmnedo hó cho[m]s[uidigud].

i.e. because of the nominative by composition.


weder

From Old Dutch wither, from Proto-Germanic *wiþrą (“against”), from Proto-Indo-European *wi-tero- (“more apart”), from *wi (“separation”).


mei

From Old Frisian mith, mit, mei, mithi, mithe, methe (“with”), from Proto-Germanic *midi (“with”), from Proto-Indo-European *medʰi-, *meta (“with”).

kontakt mei oare talen


bawah

From Malay bawah, from Proto-Malayic *babah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babaq.


bawah

From Proto-Malayic *bawah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babaq.


depan

Indonesian: depan


kod

kod mene

nisam imao novčanik kod sebe

kod nas

kod kuće

kod Francuza

bio sam kod doktora

dođite kod nas

by, at, near, besides (denoting position or occurrence in the immediate proximity or among the members of a group)


kalau

From Sanskrit काल (kāla, “occasion, circumstance, time”) + Arabic لَوْ (law, “if”), or alternatively from Hokkien 假如 (ká-lû, “if”).

Kalau yang balik kampung tu, cuba-cubalah simpan jauh-jauh gajet-gajet yang biasanya senantiasa ada di tangan. Banyakkan berbual dengan emak ayah, adik-beradik, sanak saudara dan jiran tetangga.

2017 June 24, Sim Y. H., “Tidak meriah Hari Raya kalau tidak balik kampung [Hari Raya is not lively if [you] don't go back to hometown]”, in Media Permata, archived from the original on 2018-10-26:

As for [those] that go back to their hometown, do try to keep away the gadgets that are usually always with you. Have more conversations with your parents, siblings, relatives and neighbors.


oþ

fram þām ēagþyrle ōþ þone weall

þrītiġ ōþ fīftiġ wildra swīna

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Sebastian, Martyr"
...ac hi þurhwunodon swa þeah on þam gewinne oð deað.

...but they nevertheless continued in that warfare till death.

c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
Hē behȳdde þæt sweord ōþ þā hiltan.

late 10th century, Ælfric, the Old English Hexateuch, Genesis 32:24

An angel wrestled with him until morning.

c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Matthew 24:38-39

In the days before the flood, people were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day when Noah entered the ark, and they didn't know until the flood came and took them all.

On þǣm dagum ǣr þǣm flōde wǣron menn etende and drincende, and wīfiġende and ġifte sellende, ōþ þone dæġ þe Nōe on þā earċe ēode, and hīe nysson ǣr sē flōd cōm and nam hīe ealle.

(with accusative) until, as far as, up to, down to

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Nativity of St. Clement the Martyr"
Eft he cwæð, "Ic beo mid eow eallum dagum, ōð þisre worulde geendunge," seðe lyfað and rixað mid þam Ælmihtigan Fæder and ðam Halgum Gaste á on ecnysse. Amen.

Again he said, "I will be with you on all days, until the ending of this world," who liveth and reigneth with the Almighty Father and the Holy Ghost ever to eternity. Amen.


sauf

From Old French salv, salf, inherited from Latin salvus. Cognate to Italian and Spanish salvo.

Tout le monde parle français, sauf moi.

On s’habitue toujours à tout, sauf, peut-être, à perdre ceux qu’on aime.

We always get used to everything, except, perhaps, to losing those we love.


sauf

English: save

Borrowed from Old French sauf, from Latin salvus, from Proto-Indo-European *solh₂wós.

But, except (for), other than, disregarding, save.


عكس

ar-prep

عَكْسَ • (ʕaksa)

عَكْسَ (canonical)
ʕaksa (romanization)
عَكْسَ (stem)
عَكْسِي (feminine first-person masculine singular)
عَكْسَنَا (common-gender dual feminine first-person masculine plural)
عَكْسَكَ (masculine second-person singular)
عَكْسَكِ (feminine second-person singular)
عَكْسَكُمَا (common-gender dual second-person)
عَكْسَكُمْ (masculine plural second-person)
عَكْسَكُنَّ (feminine plural second-person)
عَكْسَهُ (masculine singular third-person)
عَكْسَهَا (feminine singular third-person)
عَكْسَهُمَا (common-gender dual third-person)
عَكْسَهُمْ (masculine plural third-person)
عَكْسَهُنَّ (feminine plural third-person)


guna

From Malay guna (“usage”), from Classical Malay guna, from Sanskrit गुण (guṇa, “use”).


asal

Etymology tree
Arabic أَصْل (ʔaṣl)bor.
Malay asal
Indonesian asalInherited from Malay asal, borrowed from Arabic أَصْل (ʔaṣl). Doublet of asli


près

From Old French pres (“closely”), from Vulgar Latin *pressō, from Latin pressus (“concise”), from premō (“to press, push, condense”). Cognate with Italian presso and Sicilian pressu.

un expert près les tribunaux

les procureurs près les tribunaux

l’ambassade de France près le Saint-Siège

l’ambassadeur près le Saint-Siège

(formal or law) attached to, connects a person or an organisation delegated officially to a setting.


etter

Partially from Norwegian Nynorsk etter, from Middle Norwegian ettir, from Old Norse eptir, from Proto-Germanic *aftiri, *after, from Proto-Indo-European *apotero (“further behind, further away”), comparative form of *apo- (“off, behind”).


etter

From Middle Norwegian ettir, from Old Norse eptir, from Proto-Germanic *aftiri, *after, from Proto-Indo-European *apotero (“further behind, further away”), comparative form of *apo- (“off, behind”). Akin to English after.

itte

attæ, ette, etter, etti, ettæ, ettår, ittòr, itte, ætte, ætter, ætti

Eg kjem på besøk etter middag.

Han dreg ei vogn etter seg.


entlang

Borrowed from Middle Low German entlanc, cognate with German in lang (with a gliding sound -t-).

Entlang des Flusses stehen viele Bäume.

Ich gehe entlang des Flusses.

along; indicates location or movement
[with genitive]

Entlang dem Fluss stehen viele Bäume.

along; indicates location or movement
(colloquial) [with dative]

along; indicates location or movement
[with dative]


außer

From Middle High German ūzer, from Old High German ūzar. More at aus. Cf. English outer, Norwegian uten-, ytre.

ausser

else obsolete or post-1996 hypercorrection

Alle außer dir sind schon unterwegs.

Everyone except for you is already on their way.

K. wollte sich setzen, aber nun sah er, daß im ganzen Zimmer keine Sitzgelegenheit war, außer dem Sessel beim Fenster.

1915, Franz Kafka, Der Process, Verlag: Die Schmiede, published 1925, page 5:

K. wanted to sit down, but now he saw that there was no seat in the whole room apart from the armchair at the window.

außer Atem

außer Betrieb

außer Frage

außer Gefecht

außer Kontroll

außer Sicht

außer Übung

außer Landes

außer Haus(es)

Sie war außer sich vor Wut.

(with reflexive pronoun) beside oneself [with vor (+ dative) ‘with an emotion’]


oleh

Inherited from Malay oleh, from Proto-Malayic *ulih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *uliq.

Ikan dimakan oleh ibu.

indicates the person or thing that does or causes something: through the action or presence of

(archaic) indicates a means of achieving something: involving/using the means of

(uncommon) due to (caused by; resulting from; because of)

(indicating a family relationship, archaic) to (used to indicate the target or recipient of an action)

(archaic) for
towards; in the direction of

(archaic) for
directed at; intended to belong to

in order to help, benefit, gratify, honor etc. (someone or something)

befitting of someone’s beliefs, needs, wants, skills, or tastes; best suited to


oleh

by (indicates the actor in a clause with its verb in the passive voice)


fiar

From Old High German furi. Cognate with German für.


sakar

(with genitive) on account of, for the sake of


lor

Borrowed from French lors and alors, Italian allora.

at the time of (an event), at the same time as


inom

Jag kommer inom fem minuter.

Alla ska befinna sig inom armlängds avstånd ifrån varandra.

Everyone ought to be within arm length distance from each other.


upa

Fan a truckle ee zhoulthered too nigh upa ditch.

1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 4:

When the car it moved too near to the ditch.

Thaay heighed upa Buckeen twi hours avar dawn,

1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 132, line 2:

They mounted on Buckeen two hours before dawn.

"Faad thay goul ez upa thee, thou stouk" co Billeen,

1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 132, line 5:

"What the divil is on you, you fool?" quoth Billy;

Wi spur upa heelhay gaed him a goad,

1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 132, line 7:

With a spur on his heel, he gave him a goad,

Fan Sooney shu tumbled vlat upa road.

1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 132, line 9:

"Twi baare bones upa a baare dish,

1927, “THE FORTH MAN'S GRACE AFTER A SCANTY DINNER”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 137, line 1:


против

head

проти́в • (protív)

проти́в (canonical)
protív (romanization)


против

про́тив • (prótiv)

про́тив (canonical)
prótiv (romanization)

Inherited from Old East Slavic противъ (protivŭ), from Proto-Slavic *protivъ.


против

про̏тив (canonical)
prȍtiv (romanization)


oto

Rebracketing of ut and or. See also på, poinni and tå.

Vor Herre rei ivi Rønnings Hei, Foten oto Le'e skrei (quote after Jørgen Moe's notes, 1847)

1901, A. Chr. Bang, Norske Hexeformularer og magiske Opskrifter:

Our Lord was riding over the Rønningsheia, (and) the foot (of his horse or donkey) went out of the joint

(dialectal) alternative form of ut or (“from, out of”)


oberhalb

Der Arkadengang befindet sich auf dem Hügel oberhalb des Schlosses.

The arcade is situated on the hill above the castle.


unterhalb

Eintrittskarten können nur im Dorf unterhalb des Schlosses erworben werden.

Entrance tickets can only be bought in the village below the castle.


innerhalb

innerhalb der Grenzen

innerhalb des Hauses

innerhalb eines Tages

innerhalb kurzer Zeit


trotz

+obj

[with (standard) genitive or (colloquial) dative]

[ˈtʰʁ̞̊ɔt͡sʰ]

Shortened from zum Trotz (dem) or from constructions with the dative verb trotzen. Compare trotzdem.

Trotz aller Bemühungen ist es uns nicht gelungen, die Ziele des Projekts zu erreichen.

Despite our best efforts, we were unable to succeed in achieving the project's objectives.


jenseits

From jene (“that”) + Seite (“side”) + -s (adverbial suffix)

compound

... der im Königreiche jenseits des großen Flußes herrschte, und dem Könige getreu war.

1803, Die Heilige Schrift des Alten Testamentes: ¬Die Psalmen, Sprüchwörter Salomo's, dessen Ekklesiastes, das hohe Lied, das Buch der Weisheit, Ekklesiastikus, die Propheten, die 2 Bücher der Machabäer : altes Testament, page 1550:

... who ruled in the kingdom on the other side of the large river, and who was faithful to the king.

... das jedoch jenseits der menschlichen Möglichkeiten liegt.

2011, Jörg Hardy, Jenseits der Täuschungen: Selbsterkenntnis und Selbstbestimmung mit Sokrates, V&R unipress GmbH, →ISBN, page 59:

... which, however, lies beyond human ability.

Wir wollen ein Terrain betreten, das jenseits dessen liegt, was die meisten von Ihnen erwarten und/oder befürchten, ...

2010, Mario Raich, Simon L. Dolan, Jenseits der Komfortzone: Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft übermorgen, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 29:

We shall negotiate terrain that lies beyond that which most of you (formal) expect and/or fear, ...


вм.

вме́сто вместо#Russian

abbreviation of вме́сто (vmésto, “instead of”)


während

+obj

gen<qq:standard>/dat<qq:colloquial, or standardly in certain circumstances>

genitive (standard) dative (colloquial standardly in certain circumstances)

[with genitive (standard) or dative (colloquial, or standardly in certain circumstances)]

From the present participle während of währen (“to last, persist”), with resegmentation of währendes [noun], währender [noun], währendem [noun] as während des [noun], während der [noun], während dem [noun].


außerhalb

Inherited from Middle High German ūzerhalp, from Old High German ūzarhalb. By surface analysis, außer- + halb.

inh+

außerhalb der Stadt

außerhalb des Hauses

außerhalb Europas

außerhalb der Sprechstunden


в т. ч.

Abbreviation of в то́м числе́ (v tóm čislé).

abbrev

в то́м числе́


им.

Библиоте́ка им. Ле́нина

named after (usually not translated, see и́мя (ímja))


statt

+obj

gen/dat<q:colloquially or in certain circumstances in formal German>

[with genitive or (colloquially or in certain circumstances in formal German) dative]


bago

From Proto-Central Philippine *baqgu, from Proto-Philippine *baqʀu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baqəʀu, from Proto-Austronesian *baqəʀuh.


bago

From Proto-Bisayan *bagqu, from Proto-Central Philippine *baqgu, from Proto-Philippine *baqʀu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baqəʀu, from Proto-Austronesian *baqəʀuh. Doublet of bag-o.


bago

From Proto-Central Philippine *baqgu, from Proto-Philippine *baqʀu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baqəʀu, from Proto-Austronesian *baqəʀuh. Compare Ilocano baro, Kapampangan bayu, Cebuano bag-o, Tausug ba'gu, and Malay baru.


tru

From Latin intro. Compare Romanian întru.


pada

From Malay pada, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pada (“same, equal, like”).


pada

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pada (“same, equal, like”). Compare the semantic with sama.

Pada siapakah kunci?

Aku berinya pada dia.

Pada pandangannya,…

Padanya dunia ini kejam.

Pada bahasa Perancis, baik kamu belajar bahasa Inggeris.

Instead of French, you might as well learn English.


из-за

head

и́з-за • (íz-za)

и́з -за (canonical)
íz-za (romanization)

From из (iz, “from”) + за (za, “behind”). Compare Polish zza.

встать и́з-за стола́?

(away) from (from a place where one was occupied)

и́з-за кого́?

и́з-за чего́?

и́з-за э́того

Разошли́сь и́з-за пустяко́в.


ennen

(static) before, prior to (e.g. in text)


ennen

Akin to Estonian enne and Finnish ennen.

j ono i pehmitösmerkkinnä ennen vokalaa, keskeel sannaa, niku nimis: Valja, Manja, Kolja, Katja j.n.e.

1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 7:

j is also a palatalisation mark before a vowel, in the middle of a word, like in the names: Valja, Manja, Kolja, Katja etc.


next door

Next door the kirk was an olden tower, built in the time of the Roman Catholics [...].

1932, Lewis Grassic Gibbon, Sunset Song (A Scots Quair), Polygon, published 2006, page 17:


mula

Borrowed from Sanskrit मूल (mūla, “root; origin”).


pending

Pending the outcome of the investigation, the police officer is suspended from duty.

Pending the investigation, the police officer is suspended from duty.


enligt

From obsolete adjective enlig. Compare -enlig, enlighet.

Evangelium enligt Lukas

[K]vinnan är alltså, enligt Diderot ett njutningsmedel, enligt Montesquieu ett älskligt barn, enligt Rousseau mannens rodocka, enligt Voltaire ingenting.

1867, Ernest Legouvé, Qvinnans historia:

Then, according to Diderot, a woman is a stimulant, according to Montesquieu, a lovable child, according to Rosseau, the doll of the male, according to Voltaire, she is nothing.

Själv var jag enligt uppfostran strängt högkyrklig och hade kort före mitt inträde i ovannämnde mästares tjänst, blivit konfirmerad.

1909, John Wahlborg, Mina sångarerfarenheter:

Due to my upbringing, I was strictly high church and had been confirmed shortly before entering the aforementioned master's service.


fia

From Middle High German vür, from Old High German furi, from Proto-West Germanic *furi, from Proto-Germanic *furi, from Proto-Indo-European *preh₂-.

Des is fia di.

for (directed at; intended to belong to)

I bin fia de Woaheit.

Fiar an Hund is des a guade Leistung.

Mei Sekretär kimmert si um des fia mi.

My secretary will tend to that on my behalf.

Wås fiar a Biachl is des?


buzë

From archaic and now chiefly dialectal (Arbëresh) budhë + -zë (collective suffix), from Proto-Albanian *budzā, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn (“bottom”); compare Lithuanian budė̃ (“tree-fungus”), bùdė (“whetstone”), Sanskrit बुध्न (budhna), Ancient Greek πυθμήν (puthmḗn, “bottom”), Latin fundus (“bottom, piece of land, farm”). Lent Romanian buză.

cog

on, to (onto); by; upon, at (some point) (terminal or associated with a location)


rau

Pub rau kuv.

Kuv hais rau koj.

Muab cov nqaij tso rau hauv tub yees.

Muab phau ntawv cia rau saum rooj.

Nws taw rau daim paib.


zi

yus-d zi Fas
He came from Fez.

expresses movement from a point of origin: from


excluding

Our lucky free draw winner will be treated to dinner, bed and breakfast, but the holiday must be taken before December, 1991 (subject to availability and excluding bank holidays).


larg

Borrowed from Vulgar Latin, from Latin largus (“abundant, big”, adjective). Compare Aromanian largu (“far”, adverb).

der

larg qytetit


brez

O koliko blude ki kažu došasna,
brez razbora sude kakono iza sna;

Tuj se pokripismo na volju brez priše
I pismo i jismo koliko kî htiše

1556, Petar Hektorović, Ribanje i ribarsko prigovaranje:

Vazda vaše vire ljubav me poteza
Tere me brez mire jakom uzom veza,

1584, Brne Karnarutić, Vazetje Sigeta grada:

a kći, moja krvca, gola je brez ruha,
uboga brez drvca i gladna brez kruha!"

Lijepa naša gospodarica ne govori posve brez razloga.


brez

From Proto-Slavic *bez, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeǵʰs.


nr

Bed + Cont Bkfst for Lesbians and Gay Men in a country village house 2 hrs fr Bos. Yr-round. Nr lakes, hikes, skiing.

1985 April 6, “Vermont Guesthouse (classified advertisement)”, in Gay Community News, page 12:


între

Inherited from Latin inter, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁enter (“between”).

Nu-i nici o diferență între cuvintele "spune" și "zice".

There is no difference between the words "say" and "say".


vrh

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vьrxъ, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥su-.


pentru

From the older printru, from pre + întru, or possibly directly from Latin per intrō. Analogous to a compound of pe (“on”) + întru (“between”).


trei

Proto-Brythonic: *truɨ

Old Breton: tre, dre

Breton: dre

Old Welsh: troi

Middle Welsh: trwy

Welsh: trwy, drwy

desctree

Old Irish: tri, tre, tré, trí
Middle Irish: tre, tré, tri, trí
Irish: trí, tré, tré- (combining), fríd (Ulster), ⇒ fríd
Scottish Gaelic: tre
⇒ Manx: trooid

Suggested to be contracted from *trāē, from earlier *trāsē, dative singular of *trās, from earlier *trāns (“across”).
Alternatively, from pre-Celtic Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂éy, alternative form of *tr̥h₂és, both fossilized inflected forms of a root noun **térh₂s.
In either case, derived from the root *terh₂- (“to cross, go through”).


peste

Compound of pre + spre, possibly directly from Latin per (“through, along”) super (“above”). Was probably influenced or confused with per extra. Compare Aromanian pisti, pristi.


ina

in

Old Akkadian, Old Babylonian, Standard Babylonian, Neo-Babylonian

𒀀𒉿𒅋𒌈 𒌑𒌌 𒄿𒈾 𒀀𒊮 𒅇 𒌑𒌌 𒄿𒈾 𒆠𒊑𒅎 𒊭𒀝𒈾𒀜
[awīltum ul ina eqlim u ul ina kirîm šaknat]
a-wi-il-tum u₂-ul i-na A.ŠA₃ u₃ u₂-ul i-na ki-ri-im ša-ak-na-at
The woman is neither in the field nor in the orchard.


chyba

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xyba. First attested in the 16th century.

ref

Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “chyba”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN

Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “chyba”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego

(Middle Polish) denotes lack; without; except; barring [with genitive]


kém

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-kém.wav

Probably non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 減 (SV: giảm).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">giảm</i>

vi-etym-sino

ba giờ kém mười


krát

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kortъ, closely related to *kortъkъ (krátký (“short”)); derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”). The original meaning was „something which was cut off“, shared with the synonymous *razъ (today ráz, compare Polish razy (“multiplied by, times”)). The origins might be in counting using notches cut into a tally stick. Compare Lithuanian kartas.

Tři krát tři je devět.


þurh

desctree

Middle English: thurgh, thruh, thorouȝ, thoruh, thuruh, thurh, thrugh, thruch, thoruȝ, þoruȝ, trugh
English: through, thorough
Scots: throuch, thorow
Yola: trugh, draugh

From Proto-Germanic *þurhw, from Proto-Indo-European *terh₂- (“to pass through”).

der

Þā cempan cōmon hēr þurh and ofslōgon ealle.

The soldiers came through here and killed everyone.

Þurh reġn and snāw and þā þīestran dene, iċ þē wille beran, þæt iċ līfes āscunga ne āsciġe.

Through rain and snow and the dark valley, I want to carry you, without asking the questions of life.

Candel ne forlīest nāwiht þurh þæt þe hēo ōðre candle æleþ.

A candle loses nothing by lighting another candle.

late 9th century, translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History
Sē wer meahte unēaðe þurh hine selfne ārīsan oþþe gān.

The man could barely get up or walk by himself.


as far as

as far as the next town

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see as, far, as.

As far as financing, there will be no problems.

As far as food—still no nausea or problems.

2004, Susan Maria Leach, Before & After: Living & Eating Well After Weight Loss Surgery (non-fiction), HarperCollins, →ISBN, page 21:

As far as food, the fire department will have hot dogs and brats.

2007 July 28, “Stateline Area News in Brief”, in Beloit Daily News (Broadsheet):

As far as food, Courville had expected to have his pick of barbecue and beef jerky […]

2007 July 27, Jodi Rogstad, “The lure of the frontier echoes far”, in Wyoming Tribune Eagle:

"We put a lot of emphasis into the training of our staff, as far as food knowledge, wine knowledge," he said.

2007 August 5, Susan Frick Carlman, “Pasta and more”, in Naperville Sun:

(sometimes proscribed; see usage note) With respect to; as relates to.


за

Заминавам за Англия.

Пътувам за Варна

Кога е следващият влак за Лондон?

used to indicate the place someone or something is going to or toward; for, to

Ще остана тук за известно време.

Отивам на почивка за няколко дни.

Ще свърша тази работа за един ден.

Той пробяга сто метра за единадесет секунди.

He ran a hundred metres in eleven seconds.

Toj probjaga sto metra za edinadeset sekundi.

За последните пет години инфлацията се е покачила с 8%.
Za poslednite pet godini inflacijata se e pokačila s 8%.
During the last five years inflation has risen by 8%.

used to indicate an amount of time; for, in, during

Сватбата е насрочена за следващия април.

Svatbata e nasročena za sledvaštija april.

среща за 12 май

used to indicate the time when something is arranged or intended to happen; for

Прибирам се за Коледа.

used to show the occasion when something happens; for

За пръв път в човешката история имаме изглед на цялото слънце.

For the first time in human history we have a view of the entire Sun.

Za prǎv pǎt v čoveškata istorija imame izgled na cjaloto slǎnce.

За последен път, моля те, престани!

used to indicate the order of occurrence of an action or event; for

Това е всичко за сега/днес.

used to indicate the time that a statement refers to; for

Той хвана лопатата за дръжката

Тя го сграбчи за ръката.

Той завърза каишката на кучето за стълба.

Toj zavǎrza kaiškata na kučeto za stǎlba.

държа се за перилата

to hold on to the bannister/to hold the rail

used to indicate the part of something/somebody that is held, grasped, etc. or to show that something is attached to something else; by, to

За какво си мислиш?

Тревожа се за нея.

Тя ми разказа всичко за ваканцията си.

Tja mi razkaza vsičko za vakancijata si.

книги за птици

роман за Испания

on the subject of somebody/something, in connection with somebody/something; about

За него е важно да има пари.

Ще е по-добре за теб, ако си държиш устата затворена.

It will be better for you if you keep your mouth shut.

Šte e po-dobre za teb, ako si dǎržiš ustata zatvorena.

Това е важно/интересно/полезно за нас.

Това е ново за мен.

used to indicate the person that a statement refers to; for, to

Има писно за теб.
Ima pisno za teb.
There's a letter for you.

Това е книга за деца.

Тази работа не е за мен.

used to indicate the person who should use or have something; for

Купихме нова маса за трапезарията.

We bought a new table for the dining room.

Тези гуми за тази кола ли са?

Тази храна е за партито.

used to indicate the thing that something is meant to be used with; for

инструмент за измерване на скорост

машина за рязане на хляб

вода за пиене

четка за зъби

used to indicate the use of something; for

За удоволствие ли учиш английски?

Тя се облича за вечеря.

Катерици събираха орехи за зимата.

Squirrels were storing nuts for the winter.

уча за изпити

Време е за вечеря.

Отивам за хляб.

used to indicate purpose; for, to + infinitive

Съдят го за убийство.

Тя ми подари часовник за рождения ми ден.

Tja mi podari časovnik za roždenija mi den.

Той получи награда за храброст.

Какво мога да направя за Вас?

Работим за доброто на човечеството.

We are working for the good of humanity.

Това е за твое добро.

Те се биха и умряха за страната си.

грижа се за някого

in order to help somebody/something; for, of

Той дойде при мен за съвет.

За повече информация се обадете на този номер.

Za poveče informacija se obadete na tozi nomer.

За или против предложението си?

Гласуваха за независимост на референдум.

They voted for independence in a referendum.

Glasuvaha za nezavisimost na referendum.

За кой кандидат си?

Напълно съм за свободата на словото.

Той жадуваше за слава.

Те копнеят за дома си.

Жал ми е за него.

Безпокоят се за безопасността ѝ.

used to indicate the person or thing toward which feelings, thoughts, etc., are directed; for

око за око и зъб за зъб

an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth

Копия са достъпни за два долара всяко.

Copies are available for two dollars each.

Kopija sa dostǎpni za dva dolara vsjako.

Ще си купя обувки за 1000 лв.

Ще разменя тези две бутилки за онази.

I'll swap these two bottles for that one.

Тя работи за правителството

Той играе за Денвър.

as an employee, member, player, etc., of something; for

Времето беше топло за този период от годината.

The weather was warm for the time of year.

Vremeto beše toplo za tozi period ot godinata.

Тя е висока за възрастта си.

Той не е зле за начинаещ.

Той яде за двама.

considering what can be expected from somebody/something; for

женя се/омъжвам се за някого

сгоден/сгодена съм за някого

За глупак ли ме мислиш?

Избраха я за капитан на отбора.

Той владее езика толкова добре, че лесно може да мине за германец.

He speaks the language so well he could easily pass for a German.

Toj vladee ezika tolkova dobre, če lesno može da mine za germanec.

Той се смята за експерт по темата.

He considers himself (as) an expert on the subject.

отговарям за

to be responsible for/to be in charge of

За много години!

За твое здраве!


за

Купив подарок за брат ти.

Веќе не зборуваме за тебе.


за

за вре́мя пребыва́ния в Москве́

за после́дние два́дцать лет

for the past twenty years (lt. during the last twenty years)

за́ три дня

[with accusative]
(of time) during (close to в течение)

[with accusative]
during (close to в течение)

в течение
в течение#English

за две мину́ты до уро́ка

за́ день до отъе́зда

(of time, with до (do)) time before an event

Он игра́ет за кома́нду А.

боро́ться за мир

Она́ рабо́тает за де́ньги.

[with accusative]
for; to; by; after; over

Сего́дня он чита́л ле́кцию за заболе́вшего колле́гу.

Today he gave a lecture for a sick colleague.

Sevódnja on čitál lékciju za zabolévševo kollégu.

Он проголосова́л за строи́тельство но́вой шко́лы.

He voted for the construction of a new school.

On progolosovál za stroítelʹstvo nóvoj škóly.

[with accusative]
(of voting) in favor of

Беня знает за облаву
Benja znajet za oblavu

думать за рабо́ту ― dumatʹ za rabótu ― to think about work говорить за жизнь ― govoritʹ za žiznʹ ― to speak about life 1931, Isaac Babel, Odessa Stories

[with accusative]
(colloquial, dialectal) about

ра́доваться за кого́-либо

боя́ться за кого́-либо

брать кого́-либо за́ руку

вести́ кого́-либо за́ руку ― vestí kovó-libo zá ruku ― to lead someone by the hand
Note the stress on за́ but not on руку in these expressions

За реко́й со́лнышко сади́тся.

(of location) behind; beyond; on the other side of

[with instrumental]
behind; beyond; on the other side of

за обе́дом разгово́р шёл о теа́тре

at dinner the conversation turned to the theater

за столо́м

за игро́й

за кни́гой

за рабо́той

за у́жином

за чте́нием

while reading (nothing specific implied)

за рулём


за

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *za. Cognate with Old Armenian զ- (z-).

гласати за некога

продати нешто за 100 долара

платити за радозналост

бојати се за некога

доћи кући за празнике

for (expressing a reason) [with accusative]

сједити/седети за столом

Иди за мном.

behind, in back of, at (without change of position, answering the question гдје̏/где̏) [with instrumental]

за дана

за живота

за вр(иј)еме рата

цеста за Беч

путовати за Беч

доћи опет за неколико дана

претрчати 100 метара за 9 секунди

in (in expressions with time) [with accusative]

узети за руку

ухватити за руку

вући за уши

поставити некога за предс(ј)едника

држати некога за паметног чов(ј)ека

for, as (with verbs denoting naming, appointing, declaring, considering etc) [with accusative]

један за другим

правити грешку за грешком

to make one error after another; to make errors repeatedly

поновите за мном.

туговати за неким

чезнути за срећом


за

за часі́в Гетьма́нщини

indicating movement to the other side of something: behind, beyond, over

Со́нце зайшло́ за о́брій.

сі́сти за стіл

indicating taking a standing or seated position next to something: at, to

за цей час

indicating period when something happened or is happening: during, in, over

за мить

за ти́ждень до ї́хнього від'їзду

indicating time interval before an event:

Дя́кую за допомо́гу.

Я вдя́чний за ва́шу підтри́мку. ― Ja vdjáčnyj za vášu pidtrýmku. ― I am grateful for your support.

нема́ за́ що

Перепро́шую за по́ми́лку.

Про́симо ви́бачення за незру́чності.

засуди́ти кого́сь за (+ accusative)

to convict somebody of; to condemn somebody for

критикува́ти кого́сь за (+ accusative)

хвали́ти кого́сь за (+ accusative)

«За військову доблесть»

Indicating reason for positive or negative reaction or verdict: for

дале́ко за пі́вніч

Йому́ було дале́ко за вісімдеся́т.

за два кро́ки від готе́лю

трима́ти кого́сь за ру́ку

схопи́ти кого́сь за го́рло

голосува́ти за кого́сь

Він ви́словився за збі́льшення ви́трат на а́рмію.

He spoke in favour of spending more on the army.

Vin výslovyvsja za zbílʹšennja výtrat na ármiju.

indicating advocacy, support, etc.: for, in favour of

Я хвилю́юся за те́бе. ― Ja xvyljújusja za tébe. ― I'm worried for you.

Вони́ боя́ться за свою́ безпе́ку.

Їй со́ромно за поведі́нку батькі́в.

She is ashamed of her parents' behaviour.

indicating focus of feelings: for, about, of

Я працю́ю за гро́ші. ― Ja pracjúju za hróši. ― I work for money.

Ми купи́ли його́ за ти́сячу гри́вень.

за висо́ку ціну́

за бе́зцінь

for a pittance, for a song, for next to nothing

відповіда́ти за (+ accusative)

нести́ відповіда́льність за (+ accusative)

боре́ць за свобо́ду

freedom fighter (literally, “fighter for freedom”)

Вона́ гра́є за на́шу кома́нду.

Вони́ вою́ють за свою́ батьківщи́ну.

Оди́н за всіх і всі за одного́!

за ва́ше здоро́в'я!

indicating allegiance, interest, moral cause, etc.: for

ви́дати себе́ за (+ accusative)

Ки́їв бі́льший за Ха́рків. ― Kýjiv bílʹšyj za Xárkiv. ― Kyiv is bigger than Kharkiv.

скорі́ш за все

most likely (literally, “sooner than anything”)

перш за все

за кордо́ном

за кулі́сами

indicating position on the other side of something: behind, over

сиді́ти за столо́м

сиді́ти за кермо́м

indicating standing or seated position next to something: at, behind

слі́дом за (+ instrumental)

слі́дувати за (+ instrumental)

слідкува́ти за (+ instrumental)

спостеріга́ти за (+ instrumental)

сте́жити за (+ instrumental)

догляда́ти за (+ instrumental)

indicating following, supervision, tracking, etc.:

день за днем

крок за кро́ком

село́ за село́м

village after village, village by village

(with instrumental case)
indicating succession: after, by

посла́ти за лі́карем

Вони́ зверну́лися за допомо́гою до вла́ди.

They turned to the authorities for help.

Voný zvernúlysja za dopomóhoju do vlády.

Я ску́чила за тобо́ю. ― Ja skúčyla za tobóju. ― I've missed you. I have longed for you.

(with instrumental case)
indicating objectives and wants: for

за оста́нніми да́ними

за всіма́ озна́ками

indicating basis for assessment, judgement, knowledge: according to, by

за зви́чаєм

за тради́цією

indicating basis for action: according to, in accordance with

за чита́нням

indicating parallel or simultaneous activity: while

за ви́нятком (+ genitive)

за допомо́гою (+ genitive)

за у́частю (+ genitive)

за підо́зрою в (+ locative)

in expressions indicating condition or circumstance: with, on


betweox

desctree

Middle English: bitwixe
English: betwixt
Yola: betweesk, beteesh, beeteesh

be- + tweox (“twofold”), from Proto-Germanic *twiskaz (“twofold, double”).


bufan

Middle English: boven, bove

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *biobanā; equivalent to be + ufan.

inh+

late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
...and būfan þām māran wealle, ofer eallne þone ymbgong, hē is mid stǣnenum wīġhūsum beworht.

...and above the greater wall, over the whole circumference, it is built with stone towers.

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Third Sunday after the Lord's Epiphany"
We rædað on Cristes acennednysse þæt heofonlice englas wæron gesewene būfan ðam acennedan cilde, and hí ðisne lófsang mid micclum dreame gesungon, "Gloria in excelsis Deo, and in terra pax hominibus bone uoluntatis:" þæt is on urum gereorde, "Sy wuldor Gode on heannyssum, and on eorðan sibb ðam mannum ðe synd gódes willan."
We read that at Christ's birth heavenly angels were seen above the born child, and that they with great delight sung this hymn, "Gloria in excelsis Deo, and in terra pax hominibus bonæ voluntatis:" that is in our tongue, "Be glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace to those men who are of good will."


æfter

From Proto-Germanic *after, whence also Old High German aftar, Old Norse aptr. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epoteros (“further behind, further away”), comparative form of *h₂epó (“off, behind”).

inh

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Eugenia, Virgin"
Þa æfter þrym gearum þæs þe heo gecyrred wæs...

Then after three years since her conversion,...

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Nativity of All Saints"
We mihton ðas halgan rædinge menigfealdlicor trahtnian, æfter Augustines smeagunge, ac us twynað hwæðer ge magon maran deopnysse ðæron þearflice tocnawan; ac uton biddan mid inweardre heortan þone Ælmihtigan Wealdend, seðe ús mid menigfealdre mærsunge ealra his halgena nu to-dæg geblissode, þæt he us getiðige genihtsumnysse his miltsunge þurh heora menigfealdan þingrædena, þæt we on écere gesihðe mid him blission, swa swa we nu mid hwilwendlicere þenunge hí wurðiað.

We might more elaborately expound this holy text, according to the interpretation of Augustine, but we doubt whether ye can accurately judge of greater deepness therein; but let us with inward heart pray to the Almighty Ruler, who has gladdened us to-day with the manifold celebration of all his saints, that he grant us abundance of his mercy through their manifold intercessions, so that we ever in their sight may rejoice with them, as we now with transitory service honour them.


kraj

Dođi, s(j)edni kraj mene.

near, next to, beside (= pȍred, pȍkraj, dȍ)

Metak je proletio točno kraj mene.

I kraj svega toga, preživio sam.

(proscribed) in spite of, despite (= ȕprkos/ȕsprkos, pȍred)


betweonum

Originally a phrase made up of be (“by”) + twēonum (“the two”, dative plural noun). Very rarely, these elements were still used as separate words: be sǣm twēonum ("between two seas," Beowulf 858).

late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
Æfter þǣm þe Rōmeburg ġetimbred wæs IIII hunde wintra ⁊ II, þætte Cartaina þǣre burge ǣrendracan cōmon tō Rōme ⁊ him ġebudon þæt hīe frið him betwēonum hæfden...

Four hundred and two years after the city of Rome was built, messengers [from] the city of Carthage came to Rome and proposed that there be peace between them...


talu

From Proto-Polynesian *talu. Cognates include Tongan talu and Samoan talu.

Talu mai nā aho o Maui, ma Tui Tokelau ko te laukelekele, te tai, ma te ea nae fakaolaola ai o matou tagata

1948, Tūlāfono fakavae a Tokelau [Constitution of Tokelau], page 1:

Ever since the days of Maui, and Tui Tokelau, the land, the sea, it was them that stimulated our people


æt

desctree

Middle English: at, et, ed
English: at
Scots: at
Yola: adh, ad

æt hām

at home (with irregular apocope of dative -e)

æt fruman

æt þām ȳtemestan dæġe

(+accusative, rarely) to, up to, as far as

Hwā is wīs? Sē þe leornaþ æt ǣlcum menn.

Who is wise? He who learns from everyone.

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Chair of Saint Peter"
...þā læġ þǣr sum creopere lama fram cildhāde sē wæs dæġhwāmlīce ġeboren tō þām beorhtan ġete þæt hē ælmessan underfencge æt þām infarendum...

Then lay there a cripple, lame from childhood, who was daily carried to the 'Beautiful' Gate, that he might receive alms from those entering.

10th century, Ælfric, "On the Greater Litany"
Māre selþ se þearfa þām rīċan þonne hē æt him nime.

The poor give more to the rich than they take from them.

9th century, The Blickling Homilies, "Ascension Thursday"
Hīe ġehīerdon his lāre and his word æt his selfes mūðe.

They heard his teachings and his words from his own mouth.

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Basilius, Bishop"
Bide nu æt gode þæt ic grecisc cunne. Þa cwæþ se biscop him to, þu bæde ofer mine mæðe ac uton swa þeah biddan þas bena æt gode.

Pray now to God that I may know Greek. Pray now to God that I may know Greek. Then said the Bishop to him, 'Thou hast asked beyond my power, but let us, nevertheless, ask this boon of God.'

late 10th century, Ælfric, the Old English Hexateuch, Genesis 42:36

Then Jacob, their father, said, "You have made me childless. I don't have Joseph and Simeon is in chains; now you're taking Benjamin from me."

Þā cwæþ Iācōb heora fæder, "Bearnlēasne ġē habbaþ mē ġedōnne. Næbbe iċ Iōsēp and Simeon is on bendum; nū ġē nimaþ Beniamin æt mē."


in front of

after

antonym(s) of “at or near the front part of”

away from

antonym(s) of “in the presence of (someone)”

Both parties met in front of the Castle, the torch-bearers numbering nearly one hundred.

1872, Charles Hardwick, Traditions, Superstitions, and Folklore:

At or near the front part of (something).

Don't fight in front of the children!

What happened to me was, right in front of my eyes- I was there with my brother- and right in front of my eyes, they, a team of monkeys came by to this poor guy that sells fruit for a living- and, I don't know, probably that was all his kids were gonna eat from the, you know, the money he had to make, you know, sell the fruit. But all of the sudden just a bunch of monkeys came by robbed the whole thing he had. It was like thirty of them, just robbed him blind the poor guy. He was chasing them all over. He would chase one and they would jump off and then come back and it was like the funniest thing I've ever seen.

2006 May 9, Penn Jillette, Michael Goudeau, quoting Sareen, 11:30 from the start, in Penn Radio:

In the presence of, in view of (someone).

I'll take the one in front of the black one.

Write ‘Professor’ in front of her name.

Several people are in front of me in line. The woman next in front of me is older, probably in her fifties.

a. 2002, “Mandi”, quoted in Nicholas E. Brink, Grendel and His Mother: Healing the Traumas of Childhood Through Dreams, Imagery, and Hypnosis, Baywood Publishing Company, Inc. (2002), page 1

We determined that the car driver’s transportation of multiple teen passengers, limited driving experience, and likely impairment from effects of cannabis at the time of the crash adversely affected her judgment of the danger of entering the intersection in front of the approaching combination vehicle.

2024, NTSB, Intersection Crash Between Passenger Car and Combination Vehicle, Tishomingo, Oklahoma, March 22, 2022:

Located before, ahead of, previous to (someone or something).


ris

cho sgìth ris a' chù

Tha i ga blàthachadh fhèin ris an teine.


alow

From Middle English alowe, equivalent to a- + low.


wd

(Internet slang) Abbreviation of with the.


mura

Univerbation of mao ra (“just the same”).

Mura siya'g gikapoy.

Ang kinabuhi murag bulak

Moadto ka? – Mura.
Will you go? – It looks like I will.

Nagbuotbuot siya murag kinsa.

He took it upon himself as though he were someone.

(uncommon) Short for mao ra (“that's all; the same”).


bineoþan

Middle English: benethe

English: beneath

Scots: beneth


binnan

late 9th century, translation of Orosius' History Against the Pagans
Binnan fīf and twēntiġ ġēara Philippus ġeēode ealle þā cynerīċu þe on Crēcum wǣron.

Within twenty-five years, Phillip conquered all the kingdoms in Greece.

late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
⁊ ēac þætte þrīe wulfas on ānre niht brōhton ānes dēades monnes līchoman binnan þā burg, ⁊ hiene þær siþþan styċċemælum tōbrugdon, oþ þā men onwōcan, ⁊ ūt urnon, ⁊ hīe siþþan aweġ flugon.

And on one night, three wolves brought the body of a dead man into the city, and then tore it to pieces bit by bit, until the people awoke and ran out, and they ran away.


wiþinnan

Middle English: withinnen, withinne

English: within


underneoþan

Middle English: undernethe, undernethen

English: underneath

From Proto-Germanic *underniþer; corresponding to under- + neoþan.


beforan

Middle English: bifore, bifor, biforn, before
English: before

late 10th century, Ælfric, the Old English Hexateuch, Deuteronomy 28:31

Your ox will be slaughtered in front of you, and you won't get to taste it.

Man slihþ þīnne oxan beforan þē, and þū his ne ābītst.


niþer

Old English: niþer, nyder
Middle English: nithere, nethere, nether
English: nether
Scots: nether, nedder

Old Frisian: nither, nether

West Frisian: near

Old Saxon: nithar

Middle Low German: nider

Low German: nedder

Old Dutch: nither
Middle Dutch: nēder
Dutch: neder
Afrikaans: neer

Old High German: nidar
Middle High German: nider, neider
German: nieder
Hunsrik: nitter
Luxembourgish: nidder
Vilamovian: nejder


onbutan

Middle English: aboute, abute, abuten, abouten
English: about
Geordie English: aboot
Scots: aboot
Yola: abut, abouten

From Proto-West Germanic *anbiūtan, equivalent to on- + būtan. Cognate with Old Frisian abûta.


hyd

hyd-ddo m (singular third-person)
hyd-ddi f (singular third-person)
hyd-ddynt (plural third-person)

From Middle Welsh hyt, from Old Welsh hit, from Proto-Celtic *siti- (“length”).


eac

From Proto-West Germanic *auk. Cognate with Old Frisian āk, Old Saxon ok, Old Dutch ōk, Old High German ouh, Old Norse auk, Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌺 (auk).


geond

From Proto-Germanic *jend-, *jand-, from Proto-Indo-European *i- (“a pronomial stem”). Akin to Dutch ginds, Gothic 𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳 (jaind, “thither”).

der

late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' Metres of Boethius, Metre 27, lines 22-25

Death also in like manner after mankind seeks, throughout this middle earth, terrific hunter!

Dēaþ ēac swā same æfter mon-cynne, ġeond þisne middan ġeard, ēġeslīc hunta!

swā nū missenlīċe · ġeond þisne middanġeard
winde biwāune · weallas stondaþ,
hrīme bihrorene, · hrȳðġe þā ederas.

as now walls are standing differently
over this world, blown by wind,
covered by frost, the slow-swept dwellings.


ongean

onġēan (canonical)
or (giving sense of motion) accusative (with-dative)

desctree

Middle English: agayn, again, ayain, ayen, anȝen
English: again
Geordie English: agyen
Scots: again, agen, agin, agane, agayne, agyen, agean (southern)
Yola: agyne

From Proto-West Germanic [Term?]. Compare Old Saxon angegin, Middle Dutch entegen (Dutch entegen), Old High German ingegin (German entgegen). By surface analysis, on- + ġean.

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Passion of the Apostles Peter and Paul"
Simon cwæð, "Ðu góda cyning, ne understenst ðu ðisra twegra manna gerēonunge onġēan mē.

Simon said, "Thou good king, thou understandest not the plot of these two men against me.

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Agnes, Virgin"
...and we feohtan ne durston ongean ðone ormætan here..

...and we durst not fight against the overwhelming army,...

against as in to oppose with hositility (+accusative)


ongemang

Middle English: among, amang, amonkes, omang, mang, mong
English: among
Geordie English: amang
Scots: amang
Yola: amang, mang (aphetic)


gagan

Middle High German: gegen, gagen, jegen, gein, gēn
Alemannic German: gege
Cimbrian: ghéghen
German: gegen
Hunsrik: geghe
Yiddish: קעגן (kegn)

⇒ Middle High German: gein, gēn (contraction)

German: gen (literary, dated)

Yiddish: קיין (keyn)

⇒ Luxembourgish: géint (with paragogic -t)

From Proto-West Germanic *gagin, from Proto-Germanic *gagin, whence also Old English ġæġn, Old Norse gegn.


gegn

From Old Norse gegn, from Proto-Germanic *gagin. Compare German gegen; Old High German gagan.

Hann reis gegn kúguninni.

Gegn suðri.

(governs the dative) towards, in the direction of


fram

A town yuh come fram?

So fram Iebriyam go chriet baka Dievid, a fuotiin jinarieshan Jiizas did av. An fram Dievid taim op tu wen dem did tek we di Izrel piipl dem an fuos dem fi go wok a Babilan a fuotiin jinarieshan Jiizas did av de-so tu, an fram da taim de tu wen Krais Jiizas baan, a fuotiin jinarieshan dat tu.

2012, Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment, Edinburgh: DJB, published 2012, →ISBN, Matyu 1:17:

So all the generations from Abraham to David were fourteen generations, and from David to the deportation to Babylon fourteen generations, and from the deportation to Babylon to the Christ fourteen generations.

“Wen him see di caller a come outta har house him hear har a argue wid a man. Di man say him neva waan she order fram di restaurant an tell har not to eva order fram dem again. […]”

2018, Ragashanti, “Man a tell lie pon food”, in The Jamaica Star:

When he saw the caller exit her house, he heard her arguing with a man. The man said he didn't want her to order from the restaurant and told her not to ever order from them again. […]


fram

Middle English: from, fram, vrom, vram, fro, fra, vra, fray (from Old Norse)
English: from
→ Scots: from, frome
Yola: vrem, vrim, vreem, vream, vrom

From Proto-Germanic *fram (“forward”), from Proto-Indo-European *prom-, *pr- (“forward, through”). Akin to Old High German fram (“forth, forward”), Old Norse fram (“forward, onward”, adverb), Old Norse frá (preposition), Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼 (fram).

cog

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Chair of Saint Peter"
...þā læġ þǣr sum creopere lama fram cildhāde sē wæs dæġhwāmlīce ġeboren tō þām beorhtan ġete þæt hē ælmessan underfencge æt þām infarendum...

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Passion of St. Alban, Martyr"
Hē rād ðā on his mule mid mycelre fyrde þurh ǣnne hēahne holt mid hetelīcum ġeþance; þā ġefeng hine ān trēow be ðām fexe sona forþan þe hē wæs sīdfæxede and hē swā hangode, and sē mul arn forð fram þām ārlēasan hlāford and Dauides þeġnas hine þurhðydon.

Then he rode on his mule with a great army through a high wood, with hostile intention; then speedily a tree caught him by the hair, because be was long-haired, and he hanged so, and the mule ran forward from the wicked lord, and David's thanes pierced him through.

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Passion of St. Julian and his wife Basilissa"
Gewitað fram us, we synd wraðe geswæncte and mid fyre for-numene for iulianes intingan, æfre fram þam dæge þe ge hine ærest dræhton.

Depart from us, we are fiercely tormented and consumed with fire, for Julian's sake, ever since the day that ye first vexed him.

c. 992, Ælfric, "THE FIRST SUNDAY IN LENT"
Se Hælend wæs gelæd fram þam Halgan Gaste to anum westene, to ðy þæt he wære gecostnod fram deofle: and he ða fæste feowertig daga and feowertig nihta, swa þæt he ne onbyrigde ætes ne wætes on eallum þam fyrste: ac siððan him hingrode.

Jesus was led by the Holy Ghost to a waste, in order that he might be tempted by the devil: and he there fasted forty days and forty nights, so that he tasted neither food nor drink in all that time: but he then hungered."


fram

From Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“forth, forward”). Related to Proto-Germanic *framaz (“forward, prominent”) whence Old Norse framr (“forward; superior”), Old English fram (“strenuous, active, bold, strong”), German fromm (“good, upright, devout, pious”), Ancient Greek πρόμος (prómos, “foremost one, champion, leader, prince”), Umbrian promom (“at first, initially”), Lithuanian pìrmas (“first”).


innan

From Old Norse innan, from Proto-Norse ᛁᚾᚨᚾᚨ (inana), from Proto-Germanic *innanē.


innan

Du lyt levera papira innan fristen i morgon.

You must hand in the papers before the deadline tomorrow.


innan

From Proto-Norse ᛁᚾᚨᚾᚨ (inana), from Proto-Germanic *innanē, akin to inn + -an.


innan

From Proto-West Germanic *innanā, from Proto-Germanic *innanē.


innan

From Old Swedish innan, from Old Norse innan, from Proto-Norse ᛁᚾᚨᚾᚨ (inana), from Proto-Germanic *innanē.

Utfallet spelar troligtvis mindre roll då politikerna fortsätter att försöka hamra fram det kompromissförslag som förhoppningsvis kan klubbas igenom innan måndagen.

2011, Daniel Kederstedt, “En uppgörelse som kom i grevens tid [An agreement in the nick of time]”, in Svenska Dagbladet:

The outcome is likely to play a less important role as politicians continue to try to hammer out the compromise proposal that hopefully can be pushed through before Monday.

(sometimes proscribed) before (earlier than in time)


nær

head

nær (comparative nærmere, superlative nærmest)

nærmere (comparative)
nærmest (superlative)

From Old Norse nær, comparative form of ná (“near”).


nær

From Proto-Germanic *nēhwiz, comparative of *nēhw. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂neḱ- (“to reach”).


soz

Middle French: soubs

French: sous

Norman: souôs


直到

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɨt̚⁵ to⁵⁵/

/tit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/tit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ to²¹/

/tit̚⁴⁻³² to²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɨt̚⁵ to⁵⁵/

/tit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/tit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ to²¹/

/tit̚⁴⁻³² to²¹/


toweard

[ˈtoːˌwæ͜ɑrˠd]

From Proto-West Germanic *tōward. Equivalent to tō- + -weard.


upp

Icelandic: upp

Faroese: upp

Norwegian Nynorsk: upp

Old Swedish: up

Swedish: upp

Danish: op

Norwegian Bokmål: opp

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: opp

From Proto-Germanic *upp (“up”). Cognate with Old English upp, Old Frisian up, Old Saxon up, Old High German ūf, Gothic 𐌹𐌿𐍀 (iup).


aftar

From Proto-Germanic *after, whence also Old High German after, Old English æfter, Old Norse aptr.

aftar twēm dagum


aftar

Old English: æfter

Middle English: æfter, efter, after

Scots: efter

English: after

Old Frisian: efter, after

North Frisian: efter

Saterland Frisian: ätter

West Frisian: efter; after, achter

Old Saxon: aftar, after

desc

Middle Low German: after, achter, echter

Low German: achter, aster

German Low German: achter; ächter (Münsterländisch & Paderbornisch)

Old Dutch: after, aftir

Middle Dutch: after, affter, achter, echter

Dutch: achter; after (dialectal)

Afrikaans: agter

Old High German: after, aftar; ahter (northern)

Middle High German: after; *ahter, *achter

German: after; After

Luxembourgish: uechter (“throughout”)


wara

waraji (first-person singular)
warajna (first-person plural)
warajek (second-person singular)
warajkom (plural second-person)
waraju (masculine singular third-person)
warajha (feminine singular third-person)
warajhom (plural third-person)
wrajja (first-person singular)
wrajna (first-person plural)
wrajk (second-person singular)
wrajkom (plural second-person)
wrajh (masculine singular third-person)
wrajha (feminine singular third-person)
wrajhom (plural third-person)

From Arabic وَرَاء (warāʔ, “behind, beyond”).

Wara l-bibien,
fit-tul tat-toroq twal,
batejt
il-għeja
il-qtigħ ta’ qalb,
batejt fuq kollox il-mistħija;
iżda ġarrabt ukoll
il-ferħ u l-għaxqa
li kull tallab iħoss
x’ħin jasal wisq għajjien bil-ħorġa f’idu
bil-ħobż għand ommu mġewħa.

1970, Anton Buttigieg, “It-Tallab”, in Fl-Arena:


dès

Psalm 71:5

For you are my hope, Eternal Lord: in you I entrust myself since my youth.

Car tu es mon espérance, Seigneur Éternel! En toi je me confie dès ma jeunesse.


because of

Because of being tired, she left earlier than the rest.

On account of; due to, for the purpose of.

as gevolg van

on account of, by reason of, for the purpose of


malgré

Inherited from Middle French maugré (literally “bad will”), with etymological restoration of the l, from Old French malgré, from mal + gré. Cognate with Italian malgrado and Catalan malgrat.

inh+

Je laisse aller ce que j’ai tant aimé, malgré mon cœur qui cogne et s’ouvrait.

I let go that which I loved so much, despite my heart which knocks and opens.

Maman dit que malgré les épreuves il faut continuer à sourire.

Mum says that despite the trials we must continue to smile.

(with a pronoun) against (one's) will, despite (one's) protest


malgré

Middle French: maugré
French: malgré

Anglo-Norman: malgré

→ English: maugre


nächst

See nächster. Compare the Dutch preposition naast (“next to”).


sopra

Inherited from Latin suprā. Compare older sovra.


ober

Ober der Eingangstür hängt ein Schild.

Over the entrance door there's a sign hanging.


saka

Javanese: ꦱꦏ (saka, “from, than”)

Compare Proto-Philippine *saká (“and, also”).


kraft

Im Bewusstsein seiner Verantwortung vor Gott und den Menschen […] hat sich das Deutsche Volk kraft seiner verfassungsgebenden Gewalt dieses Grundgesetz gegeben.

1949, Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany:

Conscious of its responsibility before God and men […] the German people has, in exercise of its constituent power, given itself this constitution.

(officialese) on the basis of; by virtue of; by means of, through


sotto

From Latin subtus, which is derived from Latin sub. Ultimately from Proto-Italic *supo, from Proto-Indo-European *upo. Cognate to French sous.


sotto

From Latin subtus, from sub. Cognate to Italian sotto and French sous.


deri

Possibly a reduced form of ndjerë or one of its variants.


аб

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ob. Compare Russian об (ob) and Ukrainian об (ob).


obar

Middle High German: ober, over, uber

German: ober-

Yiddish: אייבער־ (eyber-)

From Proto-West Germanic *obar, from Proto-Germanic *uber.


obar

Old English: ofer

Middle English: over

Scots: ower

English: over

Northumbrian: ower

Old Frisian: over, uver

Saterland Frisian: uur

West Frisian: oer

Old Saxon: ovar

desc

Middle Low German: över, over, oever, aver

Low German: över

Old Dutch: over, ovir

Middle Dutch: ōver

Dutch: over

Afrikaans: oor

desctree

Old High German: obar, ubar
Middle High German: ober, over, uber
German: ober-
Yiddish: אייבער־ (eyber-)


hintar

Middle High German: hinter

desc

Central Franconian: henger, henner (Moselle Franconian), honner, hönner (Eifel), hinger (Kölsch)

Cimbrian: hintare

German: hinter

Luxembourgish: hanner

Yiddish: הינטער (hinter)

From Proto-Germanic *hinder, akin to Old English hinder.


duruh

Middle High German: durch

German: durch

Yiddish: דורך (durkh)

From Proto-Germanic *þurhw, whence also Old English þurh.


uf

Middle High German: ūf

Alemannic German: uf, ufe

Bavarian: aaf, auf

Cimbrian: af

German: auf

Vilamovian: u̇f

Yiddish: אויף (oyf)

Old Rhine Franconian: uf

Middle Rhine Franconian: uf

Rhine Franconian: uff, off

Pennsylvania German: uff

Hunsrik: uff

Old Central Franconian: *up

Middle Central Franconian: up

Central Franconian: op

Kölsch: op


uf

From Old High German ūf, from Proto-Germanic *upp. Cognate with German auf.


niz

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nizъ, from Proto-Indo-European *nei-ǵʰ-? (Derksen) or *ni- (“down”).

niz obalu

niz ulicu

sići/silaziti niz stepenice

ići niz vodu

down, along (in a constant direction with or opposite another; = dȕž, ȕzdūž, pȍkraj)


bī

desctree

Old English: bi, be
Middle English: by, be, bi
English: by
→ Mandarin: by (bāi), BY (bāi)
Scots: by, bye, bi', be, b'
Yola: bee, bie, be, by

Old Frisian: bi, be

North Frisian: bi

Saterland Frisian: bie

West Frisian: by

Old Saxon: bi, bī

Middle Low German: bi

Low German: bi

→ Swedish: bi

Old Dutch: bī
Middle Dutch: bi
Dutch: bij
Limburgish: bie

Old High German: bī, pī

Middle High German: bī

Alemannic German: bii

German: bei

Vilamovian: by

Yiddish: בײַ (bay)

near, around [with accusative or dative]


zuo

Cimbrian: zo

East Central German: zu

German: zu

Luxembourgish: zou, zu

Vilamovian: cy

Yiddish: צו (tsu)

Inherited from Old High German zuo, from Proto-West Germanic *tō, from Proto-Germanic *tō.


zuo

Middle High German: zuo

Cimbrian: zo

East Central German: zu

German: zu

Luxembourgish: zou, zu

Vilamovian: cy

Yiddish: צו (tsu)

From Proto-West Germanic *tō, from Proto-Germanic *tō, whence also Old English tō.

ca. 825 ,Tatian, Diatessaron, translation, Chapter 3,
Quad thō Maria zi themo engile...


kung

From Proto-Central Philippine *kuN (“if”). Compare Bikol Central kun and Cebuano kon.

Kung gabi, lumalabas ang bituin.

when; at (or as soon as) that time that; if


furi

Middle High German: vür

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: büar

Mòcheno: ver

Central Franconian: für, vür (fully merged)

German: für

Luxembourgish: fir

Upper Saxon German: for

Yiddish: פֿאַר (far)

From Proto-West Germanic *furi, see also Old English for, Old Norse fyrir.


furi

Middle Low German:

Low German: för


furi

From Pre-Germanic *pr̥h₂-i, from Proto-Indo-European *preh₂-.

(+accusative, with allative meaning) for, before


furi

in meaning, the form from <i class="Latn mention" lang="gmw-pro">*forē</i>

Old English: for, fore (in meaning, the form from *forē)
Middle English: for
English: for
Scots: for
Yola: vor, var

Old Frisian: fori, for

Saterland Frisian: foar, far

West Frisian: foar

Old Saxon: furi
Middle Low German:
Low German: för

Old Dutch: furi, fure

Middle Dutch: vuere, vuer

Dutch: veur (dialectal)

Afrikaans: vir

Old High German: furi
Middle High German: vür
Bavarian:
Cimbrian: büar
Mòcheno: ver
Central Franconian: für, vür (fully merged)
German: für
Luxembourgish: fir
Upper Saxon German: for
Yiddish: פֿאַר (far)


widar

Middle High German: wider

Alemannic German: widda, wedär

Central Franconian: widder

Cimbrian: bidar

German: wider, wieder

Yiddish: ווידער (vider)


umbi

Middle High German: umbe, ump, ümbe, üm

Alemannic German: ume, umme

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: umme

Mòcheno: um

Central Franconian: öm, em

Luxembourgish: ëm

German: um, (umb, üm, ümb)

Yiddish: אום (um)

From Proto-West Germanic *umbi; cognate with Old English ymbe (English umbe), Old Norse um.


umbi

Middle Low German: umme

Low German: üm, um

Plautdietsch: om

From Proto-West Germanic *umbi; cognate with Old English ymb, ymbe, Old Norse um.


umbi

Proto-West Germanic: *umbi
Old English: ymbe, ymb, embe, ymbi, imbe
Middle English: umbe, embe
Scots: umbe-
Old Frisian: umbe, ombe
Saterland Frisian: uum, ume
West Frisian: om
Old Saxon: umbi
Middle Low German: umme
Low German: üm, um
Plautdietsch: om
Old Dutch: umbe, umbi
Middle Dutch: omme, ombe, om
Dutch: om
Afrikaans: om
Limburgish: ómb, óm
Old High German: umbi
Middle High German: umbe, ump, ümbe, üm
Alemannic German: ume, umme
Bavarian:
Cimbrian: umme
Mòcheno: um
Central Franconian: öm, em
Luxembourgish: ëm
German: um, (umb, üm, ümb)
Yiddish: אום (um)

Old Norse: umb, um
Icelandic: um
Faroese: um
Norwegian Nynorsk: um; (dialectal) om, øm
Old Swedish: um
Swedish: om
Danish: om
Norwegian Bokmål: om
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: om

→? Proto-Finnic: *umpi

⇒ Estonian: umbes

Finnish: umpi

→⇒ Proto-Finnic: *ümbär

Finnish: ympäri

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi (“by, around”), from earlier *h₂ntbʰi, instrumental case form to *h₂énts (“face”). Cognate with Old Latin am (“around”), Latin amb- (“around, about”), ambi- (“both”), Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí, “around, about”), Sanskrit अभि (abhí, “against, about”).


umbi

desctree

Old English: ymbe, ymb, embe, ymbi, imbe
Middle English: umbe, embe
Scots: umbe-

Old Frisian: umbe, ombe

Saterland Frisian: uum, ume

West Frisian: om

Old Saxon: umbi
Middle Low German: umme
Low German: üm, um
Plautdietsch: om

Old Dutch: umbe, umbi
Middle Dutch: omme, ombe, om
Dutch: om
Afrikaans: om
Limburgish: ómb, óm

Old High German: umbi
Middle High German: umbe, ump, ümbe, üm
Alemannic German: ume, umme
Bavarian:
Cimbrian: umme
Mòcheno: um
Central Franconian: öm, em
Luxembourgish: ëm
German: um, (umb, üm, ümb)
Yiddish: אום (um)


dri

From Latin dē retrō. Compare Italian dietro, French derrière, and Venetian drio.


ved

From Old Norse við, from Proto-Germanic *wiþrą (“against”). Cognate with Swedish vid, English with, and German wider (“against”).

in case of, in the event of (used with the conditional)


ved

From Old Norse við and viðr (compare the prefix veder-), from Proto-Germanic *wiþrą (“against”). Cognates include Danish ved, Swedish vid, and English with.

Huset ligger ved veien.

Jeg krysset elven ved å svømme.

by (Involving/using the means of). Followed by a noun or by the infinitive with å


ved

From Old Norse við and viðr (compare the prefix veder-), from Proto-Germanic *wiþr- (“against”). Cognates include Danish ved, Swedish vid, and English with.

Huset ligg ved vegen.

Eg kryssa elva ved å symja.

by (involving/using the means of). Followed by a noun or by the infinitive with å


toma

una owosa toma kamar madaha

he entered the room (literally, “he went to the room's inside”)

ifere toma kadatu

horu-horu ka toma Disa

Kie Gamalama itego toma kie makonora

Mount Gamalama sits in the island's center

toma ngote maadu

toma wange enage

otego toma kurusi

bifi doro toma meja manyeku


minn

minni (first-person singular)
minna (first-person plural)
minnek (second-person singular)
minnkom (plural second-person)
minnu (masculine singular third-person)
minnha (feminine singular third-person)
minnhom (plural third-person)
miċ- · mid- · min- (definite feminine masculine xemxin-assimilation)
miċ- · mid- · min- (definite singular xemxin-assimilation)
miċ- · mid- · min- (definite xemxin-assimilation)
miċ- · mid- · min- (definite feminine masculine singular xemxin-assimilation)
mir- · mis- · mit- · (definite feminine masculine xemxin-assimilation)
mir- · mis- · mit- · (definite singular xemxin-assimilation)
mir- · mis- · mit- · (definite xemxin-assimilation)
mir- · mis- · mit- · (definite feminine masculine singular xemxin-assimilation)
mix- · miz- · miż- (definite feminine masculine xemxin-assimilation)
mix- · miz- · miż- (definite singular xemxin-assimilation)
mix- · miz- · miż- (definite xemxin-assimilation)
mix- · miz- · miż- (definite feminine masculine singular xemxin-assimilation)
mill- (qamrin-unassimilation)

taħt it-tbissima
falza ta’ wiċċi
kien hemm in-niket
u dwejjaq kbar
u biża’ minnek.

1970, Anton Buttigieg, “Lis-Sena l-Ġdida 1964”, in Fl-Arena:

u lili firdu minn mal-art għal dejjem,
u jien sfajt blata u gżira l-aktar ċkejkna,
bi ftit faqqiegħ u ftit gremxul sewdieni
ngħix ħajja waħdi.

1949, Anton Buttigieg, “Il-Ġebla tal-Ġeneral”, in Fanali bil-Lejl:

U waqt li nħares fuq ta’ qalbi x-xitla
tat-tifkiriet tinbet tifkira ġdida,
b’warda ta’ swied il-qalb fejn tilma demgħa
minn ħbub għajnejja.

1949, Anton Buttigieg, “Fuq Qabar Oħti”, in Fanali bil-Lejl:


nak

duit nak bayar hutang


volgens

Negerhollands: volgens


tijdens

Tijdens de vakantie was ik ziek.

Zing en dans niet tijdens de rouwperiode.

Don't sing and dance during the period of mourning.


dankzij

Univerbation of dank (“thanks”) + zij (“be”, subjunctive).


wegens

Afrikaans: weens

From weg (“road”) + -en (“old dative suffix”) + -s (“adverbial suffix”).


tegenover

tegenover (prepositional)
tegenover (adverb postpositional)
ertegenover
hiertegenover
daartegenover
waartegenover
ergens tegenover
nergens tegenover
overal tegenover

Afrikaans: teenoor

desc

Negerhollands: teegen over, tegenover, tegen over

Compound of tegen + over. First attested in the 17th century.


sinds

Negerhollands: sens, sins

From Old Dutch sint, with a suffix -s. The form is a nasal variant of Germanic *sīþiz, also found in Old High German sint. According to some, sint is instead shortened from sīdent, which itself is related with Old English siþþan and Old Norse síðan. This is, however, improbable because sint is already found in the oldest stages of both Dutch and German. Modern Dutch sinds is therefore, in all likelihood, just an indirect cognate of the similar sounding English since. The onset s- (instead of expected z-) is due to a prepositioned te (“to”), thus *te zinds → *tzinds → sinds. Immediately cognate with Luxembourgish zanter. Also cognate with German seit and English since.


naast

naast (prepositional)
naast (adverb postpositional)
ernaast
hiernaast
daarnaast
waarnaast
ergens naast
nergens naast
overal naast

From Middle Dutch naest, from Old Dutch *nāist, *nāst, from Proto-Germanic *nēhwist (“nearest, closest”).


tegen

tegen (prepositional)
tegen (adverb postpositional)
ertegen
hiertegen
daartegen
waartegen
ergens tegen
nergens tegen
overal tegen

Afrikaans: teen

Negerhollands: tegen, teegen

Skepi Creole Dutch: tagen

→ Caribbean Javanese: tékhe

From Middle Dutch tegen, tjegen, from te jegen, the latter from Old Dutch gegin, from Proto-West Germanic *gagin, from Proto-Germanic *gagin. See also jegens.

Ze protesteerden tegen het nieuwe beleid.

Hij nam medicijnen tegen zijn hoofdpijn.

Ze liep tegen de deur aan.

De kat rende tegen het raam.

lief tegen iemand doen


langs

From Dutch langs, from Middle Dutch langes.


langs

langs (prepositional)
langs (adverb postpositional)
erlangs
hierlangs
daarlangs
waarlangs
ergens langs
nergens langs
overal langs

Afrikaans: langs

Hij liep langs de weg.

Het bed staat langs de muur.

(Brabant, Limburg) along, alongside (stationary)

De belangrijkste centra voor verhandeling van diamant zijn Londen (waar De Beers gevestigd is) en Antwerpen (80% van alle ruwe diamanten gaat langs Antwerpen).⁽ᵂᴾ⁾

The most important centers for the handling of diamonds are London (where De Beers is headquartered) and Antwerp (80% of all rough diamonds go through Antwerp).


æf

Middle English: of

Scots: aff

English: off

From Proto-West Germanic *ab, from Proto-Germanic *ab.


'twixt

Since I have your good leave to go away,
I will make haste: but, till I come again,
No bed shall e’er be guilty of my stay,
Nor rest be interposer ’twixt us twain.

c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:

I think that ’twixt the negroes of the South and the women at the North, all talking about rights, the white men will be in a fix pretty soon.

1851, Sojourner Truth, Frances Dana Barker Gage, Ain't I a Woman?:

(archaic, literary) Contraction of betwixt.


nahe

+obj

dat/gen<q:less common but increasingly used>

[with dative or (less common but increasingly used) genitive]

From Middle High German nāch, from Old High German nāh. Cognate with Dutch na, English nigh.

Brühl ist eine kleine Stadt nahe Köln.
Brühl is a small town near Cologne.


около

head

о́коло • (ókolo)

with respect to, in reference to, with reference to


около

о́коло • (ókolo)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *okolo, from *kolo.


около

около куће


in view of

Mr. Thomas adds that, by the time it was scrapped, Kingsley was in very bad condition, little more than a shell in fact. In view of the rough usage to which the engine had been subjected, this is not surprising.

1953 April, “Notes and News: Locomotive Notes”, in Railway Magazine, page 283:

France, he said, was “almost a Bolshevik country”, in view of the “hidden scandals” such as that of the former Budget minister Jerome Cahuza

2013 June 16, John Lichfield, “Forget Russia's problems – it's France that's almost Bolshevik, says Gérard Depardieu”, in The Independent:

They stopped when they were in view of the town.

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see in, view, of.


what with

She was sleeping very badly these days, what with the new baby and all the activity surrounding him.

What with it being too late and raining, we decided to stay home.

It was hard to take him seriously, though, what with his multi-colored eye makeup.

2009 October 29, David Walliams [pseudonym; David Edward Williams], Mr Stink, London: HarperCollins Children’s Books, →ISBN:

(idiomatic, informal) Owing to; because of; as a result of.


avanti

Avanti a lui.

Avanti casa.

(dated, rare) before, in front of (a place) (may or may not be followed by a)

Avanti l'alba.


fuer

Nonstandard spelling of für used in some older texts and when technical limitations prevent the use of umlauts.


bakom

Han satt bakom skrivbordet.


ower

From Middle English ower, a variant of Middle English over. Compare Scots ower (“over”), English o'er (“over”). More at over.

Get ower thor noo!


ower

From Middle English ower, owr, from Old English ofer, from Proto-West Germanic *obar.


في

فِي (canonical)
fī (romanization)
فِي (stem)
فِيَّ (feminine first-person masculine singular)
فِينَا (common-gender dual feminine first-person masculine plural)
فِيكَ (masculine second-person singular)
فِيكِ (feminine second-person singular)
فِيكُمَا (common-gender dual second-person)
فِيكُمْ (masculine plural second-person)
فِيكُنَّ (feminine plural second-person)
فِيهِ (masculine singular third-person)
فِيهَا (feminine singular third-person)
فِيهِمَا (common-gender dual third-person)
فِيهِمْ (masculine plural third-person)
فِيهِنَّ (feminine plural third-person)

Maltese: f’

Possibly related to Proto-Semitic *pay- (“mouth, an orifice, an entrance, a means in or to enter”), cognates with Hebrew פֹּה (“here”) and פִּי (“multiplied, -fold”, literally “with, to have this length with this width”) and Ugaritic 𐎔 (p, “here, in this place or in this time; in the manner of, relating or pertaining to”), and Proto-Semitic *piʔat- (“side; border; front, facing part of anything”), i. e. the same word as فِئَة (fiʔa, “troop”), since this word is retained in Ge'ez only in the combination ለፌ (läfe, “in the direction of or from, thence or thither”). It has also functions originally borne by Proto-Semitic *bV-, potentially perceived or originating as a devoiced form of it.

inh

عِنْدِي سُؤَالٌ فِي النَّحْوِ

of, about, in regards to, pertaining to, in the subject or topic of

on account of, for the reason of, in relation to

أَرْبَعَة فِي خَمْسَة ― ʔarbaʕa(t) fī ḵamsa ― Four times five

times, multiplied by, to have a measure of this by this


في

From Arabic فِي (fī). Compare Egyptian Arabic فيه (fī), Hijazi Arabic فيه (fī), and South Levantine Arabic فيه (fī).

فيها

فينا

forms the conjugated forms of the preposition بْـ (b, “in, at”)

فيكم سينما؟
fīkum sēnima?
Do you feel like going to the cinema?
(literally, “in you (CPL), is there a cinema?”)

فيچ نجرب المترو؟
fīc njarrib il-mitro?
Do you feel like trying the metro?
(literally, “in you (FSG) (we) try the metro?”)

فيك سفرة؟
fīk safra?
Do you feel like travelling
(literally, “in you (MSG), is there a trip?”)

(with conjugation) how about s.th., do you feel like s.th.


في

fi (romanization)
في
فِيّ (first-person singular)
فينا (first-person plural)
فيك (masculine second-person singular)
فيكي (feminine second-person singular)
فيكم (plural second-person)
فيه (masculine singular third-person)
فيها (feminine singular third-person)
فيهم (plural third-person)

نورة في المدرسة/فالمدرسة

ما فِيّ أروح اليوم


في

fi (romanization)
في
فيي (first-person singular)
فينا (first-person plural)
فيك (masculine second-person singular)
فيك (feminine second-person singular)
فيكم (plural second-person)
فيه (masculine singular third-person)
فيها (feminine singular third-person)
فيهم (plural third-person)

Template:Wiktionary:Picture dictionary/ajp:prep-place
From Arabic فِي (fī).


في

fi (romanization)
في (first-person singular)
فينا (first-person plural)
فيك (second-person singular)
فيكم (plural second-person)
فيه (masculine singular third-person)
فيها (feminine singular third-person)
فيهم (plural third-person)

تسكن عايلتي في سوسة

هي باش تجي في مارس

نجم نعمل الخدمة هاذي في ثلاثة يام

nnajjim naʕmil il-ḵidma hāḏi fi ṯlāṯa yyām

هي في صحة طيبة


فوق

ar-prep

فَوْقَ • (fawqa)

فَوْقَ (canonical)
fawqa (romanization)
فَوْقَ (stem)
فَوْقِي (feminine first-person masculine singular)
فَوْقَنَا (common-gender dual feminine first-person masculine plural)
فَوْقَكَ (masculine second-person singular)
فَوْقَكِ (feminine second-person singular)
فَوْقَكُمَا (common-gender dual second-person)
فَوْقَكُمْ (masculine plural second-person)
فَوْقَكُنَّ (feminine plural second-person)
فَوْقَهُ (masculine singular third-person)
فَوْقَهَا (feminine singular third-person)
فَوْقَهُمَا (common-gender dual third-person)
فَوْقَهُمْ (masculine plural third-person)
فَوْقَهُنَّ (feminine plural third-person)

كَانُوا فَوْقَ الْعِشْرِين

فَإِنْ كُنَّ نِسَاءً فَوْقَ ٱثْنَتَيْنِ فَلَهُنَّ ثُلُثَا مَا تَرَكَ

faʔin kunna nisāʔan fawqa ṯnatayni falahunna ṯuluṯā mā taraka


فوق

fōg (romanization)
فوق
فوقي (first-person singular)
فوقَنا (first-person plural)
فوقَك (masculine second-person singular)
فوقِك (feminine second-person singular)
فوقَكُم (plural second-person)
فوقُه (masculine singular third-person)
فوقَها (feminine singular third-person)
فوقَهُم (plural third-person)

acw-prep-inflection

فوقَك (fōgak)

فوقِك (fōgik)

فوقُه (fōgu)

فوقَها (fōgaha)

فوقَنا (fōgana)

فوقَكُم (fōgakum)

فوقَهُم (fōgahum)


فوق

فَوْق (canonical)
فُوق (canonical)
fawq (romanization)
fūq (romanization)
فوق (stem)
فوقي (first-person singular)
فوقنا (first-person plural)
فوقك (masculine second-person singular)
فوقك (feminine second-person singular)
فوقكم (plural second-person)
فوقه (masculine singular third-person)
فوقها (feminine singular third-person)
فوقهم (plural third-person)
فوق (stem)
فوقي (first-person singular)
فوقنا (first-person plural)
فوقك (masculine second-person singular)
فوقك (feminine second-person singular)
فوقكم (plural second-person)
فوقه (masculine singular third-person)
فوقها (feminine singular third-person)
فوقهم (plural third-person)

ary-prep-inflection

فوقها (fūqha)

فوقنا (fūqna)


خاص

ary-preposition

خاص • (ḵāṣṣ)

inh

Arabic خَاصّ (ḵāṣṣ)

خاصني نمشي للمكتبة باش ناخد داك الكتاب اللي هدرت لك عليه.

I need to go to the library to get the book I've talked to you about.

ḵāṣṣni namši l-el-maktaba bāš nāḵud dāk l-ektāb elli hdartlak ʕlīh

خاصه يجمع راسه قبل ما يفوت الفوت.

He needs to get his shit together before it is too late.


attendu

Attendu les circonstances atténuantes, la cour ne l’a condamné qu’à une peine avec sursis.

In view of the extenuating circumstances, the court only gave him a suspended sentence.


atwix

From Middle English atwix, atwixen, from a- + twix, twixt ("among"), from a- + tweox (“twofold”), from Proto-Germanic *twiskaz (“twofold, double”).

der

(Geordie) between; betwixt [from 14th c.]


ilman

ilman rahaa

Voiko kaivostoimintaa kehittää ilman että ympäristölle aiheutuu haittaa?

Is it possible to develop mining industry without causing harm to the environment?


ilman

Instructive singular of ilma (“air, weather”). Akin to Finnish ilman.

Ilman painoa ollaa sanan toin ja viimäin sloga.

1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 11:

Without stress are the second and final syllables of a word.

Ilman plaanuja ja karttoja et saa oppihussa geografiaa.

1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 4:

Without schemes and plans you won't be able to study geography.

Ilman kasvoloja elokkaat evät vois ellää maan pääl.

1937, V. A. Tetjurev, translated by N. J. Molotsova, Loonnontiito oppikirja alkușkoulua vart (toin osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 24:

Without the plants, the animals wouldn't be able to live on Earth.


maugre

From Middle English maugre, from Anglo-Norman malgré, from mal (“bad”) + gre (“pleasure, grace”) (from Old French, from Latin gratum).

He saugh a mayde walkinge him biforn, / Of whiche mayde anon, maugree hir heed, / By verray force he rafte hir maydenheed;

c. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, edited by Skeat, The Wife of Bath's Tale:

He chains the Deev in the centre of the mountain, and at the suit of Merjân hastens to attack another powerful Deev named Houdkonz; but here, alas! fortune deserts him, and, maugre his talismans and enchanted arms, the gallant Tahmuras falls beneath his foe.

1828, Thomas Keightley, The Fairy Mythology, volume I, London: William Harrison Ainsworth, page 31:

(obsolete) Notwithstanding; in spite of.


kesken

Pappi pyörtyi kesken puheen.

The priest fainted in the middle of the speech.


tp ꜥ

D:a-P5-pr:r-D54-i-w-n:Z2-m-M14-wr-r:N36-tp*Z1:a*Z1-D63-D54:Y2-n:Z2-tA:N23*Z1
ḏꜥ pr(.w) jw.n m wꜣḏ-wr tp ꜥ sꜣḥ.n tꜣ

c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 101–103

A stormwind emerged while we were at sea, before we could set foot on land.


enta

Maybe borrowed from Occitan entà, used only in Gascon.

Enta la dreta ye la botiga de Francho.


عند

ar-prep

عِنْدَ • (ʕinda)

عِنْدَ (canonical)
ʕinda (romanization)
عِنْدَ (stem)
عِنْدِي (feminine first-person masculine singular)
عِنْدَنَا (common-gender dual feminine first-person masculine plural)
عِنْدَكَ (masculine second-person singular)
عِنْدَكِ (feminine second-person singular)
عِنْدَكُمَا (common-gender dual second-person)
عِنْدَكُمْ (masculine plural second-person)
عِنْدَكُنَّ (feminine plural second-person)
عِنْدَهُ (masculine singular third-person)
عِنْدَهَا (feminine singular third-person)
عِنْدَهُمَا (common-gender dual third-person)
عِنْدَهُمْ (masculine plural third-person)
عِنْدَهُنَّ (feminine plural third-person)

Egyptian Arabic: عند (ʕand)

Gulf Arabic: عند (ʕind)

Maltese: għand

Moroccan Arabic: عند (ʕand)

South Levantine Arabic: عند (ʕind)

→ Ottoman Turkish: عند (ind)

Turkish: ind

A contraction of ع ن ن (ʕ-n-n) or ع ي ن (ʕ-y-n) in the sense of viewing, and يَدَا (yadā, “hand”); see at hand, before one's eyes. Compare also لَدَى (ladā) and لَدُنْ (ladun) for parallel contractions and semantic senses.

جِئْتُكَ عِنْدَ شُرُوقِ الشَّمْسِ

إِذْ تَلَقَّوْنَهُ بِأَلْسِنَتِكُمْ وَتَقُولُونَ بِأَفْوَاهِكُم مَّا لَيْسَ لَكُم بِهِ عِلْمٌ وَتَحْسَبُونَهُ هَيِّنًا وَهُوَ عِنْدَ ٱللَّهِ عَظِيمٌ

When you received it with your tongues and said with your mouths that of which you had no knowledge and thought it was insignificant while it was, in the eyes of God, tremendous.

ʔiḏ talaqqawnahu bi-ʔalsinatikum wa-taqūlūna bi-ʔafwāhikum mā laysa lakum bihi ʕilmun wa-taḥsabūnahu hayyinan wa-huwa ʕinda llahi ʕaẓīmun

بِذَا قَضَتِ الْأَيَّامُ مَا بَيْنَ أَهْلِهَا / مَصَائِبُ قَوْمٍ عِنْدَ قَوْمٍ فَوَائِدُ

a. 965, Al-Mutanabbi, ديوان أبي الطيب المتنبي:

biḏā qaḍati l-ʔayyāmu mā bayna ʔahlihā / maṣāʔibu qawmin ʕinda qawmin fawāʔidu

قُلْ هَلْ عِنْدَكُم مِنْ عِلْمٍ فَتُخْرِجُوهُ لَنَا

Say, "Do you have any knowledge which you can produce for us?"

qul hal ʕindakum min ʕilmin fatuḵrijūhu lanā


عند

arz-prep

عند • (ʿand)

ʿand (romanization)
عند
عندي (first-person singular)
عندنا (first-person plural)
عندك (masculine second-person singular)
عندك (feminine second-person singular)
عندكو (plural second-person)
عنده (masculine singular third-person)
عندها (feminine singular third-person)
عندهم (plural third-person)

ماعندوش اصحاب.

mā ʿandūš ʾaṣḥāb


عند

ary-prep

عند • (ʕand)

ʕand (romanization)
عند (stem)
عندي (first-person singular)
عندنا (first-person plural)
عندك (masculine second-person singular)
عندك (feminine second-person singular)
عندكم (plural second-person)
عنده (masculine singular third-person)
عندها (feminine singular third-person)
عندهم (plural third-person)


عند

ajp-prep

عند • (ʕind)

ʕind (romanization)
عند
عندي (first-person singular)
عنّا (first-person plural)
عندك (masculine second-person singular)
عندك (feminine second-person singular)
عندكم (plural second-person)
عنده (masculine singular third-person)
عندها (feminine singular third-person)
عندهم (plural third-person)

عند الباب

عند الدكتور

فيه كتير مشاكل سياسيّة عند العرب.
fīh ktīr mašākel siyāsiyye ʕind il-ʕarab
Arabs have a lot of political problems.

literally, “There are a lot of political problems at the Arabs'.”

at (the physical or abstract location of something or someone)

عندي واجبات كتير.
ʕindi wajbāt ktīr
I have a lot of homework.

literally, “A lot of homework is at me.”

كانت عندي واجبات كتير.
kānat ʕindi wajbāt ktīr
I had a lot of homework.

literally, “A lot of homework was at me.”

خلي عندك شوية احترام.


blanga

From English belong. Compare Bislama blong, Tok Pisin bilong.


bove

Probably an aphetic form of above. Alternatively, this word may continues Middle English bove, boven, from Old English bufan, from Proto-West Germanic *biobanā, from *bi (“by”) + *ufanā (“from above”). Compare West Frisian boppe, Dutch boven and Low German baven, boven.

Her Sea-god syre she dearely did perswade,
 T'endow her sonne with threasure and rich store,
 Boue all the sonnes, that were of earthly wombes ybore.

1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto III”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


sech

sechum (first-person singular)
sechut (second-person singular)
seche (accusative masculine neuter singular third-person)
sechae (accusative masculine neuter singular third-person)
sechæ (accusative masculine neuter singular third-person)
secce (accusative feminine singular third-person)
sechund (first-person plural)
seccu (accusative plural third-person)

Irish: seach

Manx: shagh

Scottish Gaelic: seach

Probably from Proto-Celtic *sekʷos (“besides, without”) (compare Welsh heb (“without”)), from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ-o-s (“following”) (compare Latin secus (“along”) and Sanskrit सचा (sácā, “without”)), from *sekʷ- (“to follow”). Alternatively, from *sek- (“to cut”).

inh

.i. air ní derb linnai etarcnae inna lloc sech-a·retham

i.e. for the knowledge of places past which we run is not certain to us.

.i. ceit leu precept domsa seccu

i.e. they are jealous that I preach rather than they.

in preference to, rather than, instead of

Ná eiplet húan bás coitchen húa n‑epil cách, acht foircniter húa sain-bás sech cách.

Let them not die by the common death by which everyone dies, but let them be ended by a special death different from everyone.

tria degmaini dom·beir do doinib 7 do iudeib sech [c]ach

through His benefits which He confers on men, and on the Jews above all.


ک

ساي ڤرݢي کسکوله.


حسب

ar-prep

حَسَبَ • (ḥasaba)

حَسَبَ (canonical)
ḥasaba (romanization)
حَسَبَ (stem)
حَسَبِي (feminine first-person masculine singular)
حَسَبَنَا (common-gender dual feminine first-person masculine plural)
حَسَبَكَ (masculine second-person singular)
حَسَبَكِ (feminine second-person singular)
حَسَبَكُمَا (common-gender dual second-person)
حَسَبَكُمْ (masculine plural second-person)
حَسَبَكُنَّ (feminine plural second-person)
حَسَبَهُ (masculine singular third-person)
حَسَبَهَا (feminine singular third-person)
حَسَبَهُمَا (common-gender dual third-person)
حَسَبَهُمْ (masculine plural third-person)
حَسَبَهُنَّ (feminine plural third-person)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਹਸਬ (hasab)

Shahmukhi script: حسب (hasab)


حسب

ajp-prep

حسب • (ḥásab)

From Arabic حَسَبَ (ḥasaba, preposition).


على

ar-prep

عَلَى • (ʕalā)

عَلَى (canonical)
ʕalā (romanization)
عَلَى (stem)
عَلَيَّ (feminine first-person masculine singular)
عَلَيْنَا (common-gender dual feminine first-person masculine plural)
عَلَيْكَ (masculine second-person singular)
عَلَيْكِ (feminine second-person singular)
عَلَيْكُمَا (common-gender dual second-person)
عَلَيْكُمْ (masculine plural second-person)
عَلَيْكُنَّ (feminine plural second-person)
عَلَيْهِ (masculine singular third-person)
عَلَيْهَا (feminine singular third-person)
عَلَيْهِمَا (common-gender dual third-person)
عَلَيْهِمْ (masculine plural third-person)
عَلَيْهِنَّ (feminine plural third-person)

Egyptian Arabic: على (ʕala), ع (ʕa-)

Hijazi Arabic: على (ʕala)

Maltese: għal

Moroccan Arabic: على (ʕlā), ع (ʕa-)

desc

North Levantine Arabic: على (ʕala), ع (ʕa-)

South Levantine Arabic: على (ʕala), ع (ʕa-)

عَلَا (ʕalā)

From Proto-Semitic *ʕalay- (“on, over”). Cognate with Akkadian 𒌋𒅗 (eli), Hebrew עַל ('al), עֲלֵי ('aléi), Aramaic עַל (ʿal).

ṣallā llāhu ʕalayhī wa-ʔālihī wa-sallama

صَلَّى ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ

يَوْمٌ لَكَ وَيَوْمٌ عَلَيْكَ

one day for you, and one day against you

سَجَّلَ ٱللَّاعِبُ خَمْسَةَ أَهْدَافٍ عَلَى خَصْمِهِ

The player scored five goals against his opponent.

sajjala l-lāʕibu ḵamsata ʔahdāfin ʕalā ḵaṣmihi

وَمَا عَلَى الرَّسُولِ إلَّا الْبَلَاغُ الْمُبِينُ

And the Messenger's only duty is to deliver messages clearly

wamā ʕalā r-rasūli ʔillā l-balāḡu l-mubīnu

وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذُو مَغْفِرَةٍ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَى ظُلْمِهِمْ

And indeed, your Lord is full of forgiveness for the people despite their wrongdoing

wa-ʔinna rabbaka laḏū maḡfiratin li-n-nāsi ʕalā ẓulmihim

قَالَ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُنْكِحَكَ إِحْدَى ٱبْنَتَيَّ هَاتَيْنِ عَلَى أَن تَأْجُرَنِي ثَمَانِيَ حِجَجٍ

He said, "Indeed, I wish to wed you one of these, my two daughters, on the condition that you serve me for eight years,"

qāla ʔinnī ʔurīdu ʔan ʔunkiḥaka ʔiḥdā bnatayya hātayni ʕalā ʔan taʔjuranī ṯamāniya ḥijajin


على

arz-prep

على • (ʕala)

ʕala (romanization)
على
علي (first-person singular)
علينا (first-person plural)
عليك (masculine second-person singular)
عليك (feminine second-person singular)
عليكوا (plural second-person)
عليه (masculine singular third-person)
عليها (feminine singular third-person)
عليهم (plural third-person)

arz-prep-inflection

عليك (ʕalēk)

عليك (ʕalēki)

عليه (ʕalēh)

عليها (ʕalēha)

علينا (ʕalēna)

عليكوا (ʕalēku)

عليهم (ʕalēhum)


على

acw-prep

على • (ʕala)

ʕala (romanization)
على
عَلَيّ (first-person singular)
علينا (first-person plural)
عليك (masculine second-person singular)
عليكي (feminine second-person singular)
عليكم (plural second-person)
عليه (masculine singular third-person)
عليها (feminine singular third-person)
عليهم (plural third-person)

acw-prep-inflection

عليك (ʕalēk)

عليكي (ʕalēki)

عليها (ʕalēha)

علينا (ʕalēna)

عليكم (ʕalēkum)

عليهم (ʕalēhum)

حتلاقيه على الرف/عالرف

يوم ليك و يوم عليك


على

ʕla (romanization)
على (stem)
علي (first-person singular)
علينا (first-person plural)
عليك (masculine second-person singular)
عليك (feminine second-person singular)
عليكم (plural second-person)
عليه (masculine singular third-person)
عليها (feminine singular third-person)
عليهم (plural third-person)

ary-prep-inflection

عليك (ʕlīki)

عليها (ʕlīha)

علينا (ʕlīna)

عليكم (ʕlīkum)

عليهم (ʕlīhum)


على

head

على • (ʕala)

عم نسافر ع بيروت

Used with an adjective given the definite article, marking it as an adverb


على

على • (ʕala)

ʕala (romanization)
على
عليّ (first-person singular)
علينا (first-person plural)
عليك (masculine second-person singular)
عليك (feminine second-person singular)
عليكم (plural second-person)
عليه (masculine singular third-person)
عليها (feminine singular third-person)
عليهم (plural third-person)

ajp-prep-inflection

عليك (ʕalēk)

عليك (ʕalēki)

عليها (ʕalēha)

علينا (ʕalēna)

عليكم (ʕalēkom)

عليهم (ʕalēhom)

Template:Wiktionary:Picture dictionary/ajp:prep-place
From Arabic عَلَى (ʕalā).

الختيار راح عالمستشفى.

إمّي دخلت عالبيت.
ʔimmi daḵlat ʕal-bēt
My mother went into the house.

literally, “My mother entered to the house.”

قدّيش دفعت عليه؟
ʔaddēš dafaʕt ʕalēh
How much did you pay for it?

literally, “How much did you pay toward it?”

حطّه عالطاولة.

ḥoṭṭo ʕaṭ-ṭāwle

خلّينا نلتقي على ساعة ستّة.

قرّرنا نعمل اللي علينا ونتّكل على ربّنا.

We resolved to do what we must and trust in God.

ʔarrarna niʕmil illi ʕalēna w nittakil ʕala rabbna

إلي عليك ألف شيكل.
ʔili ʕalēk ʔalf šēkel
You owe me one thousand shekels.

literally, “You must to me one thousand shekels.”


ذ

لفَاج ذِ مَطْرَانَهْ


ز

زش/زو چه خواهی؟
Zeš/zaš/zu če xâhi?
What do you want from him?.
زش ز او پاسخ دهم اندر نهان؛ زش بپنداری میان مردمان


aout

... and aout he come rasher nor iver, knockin' here and knockin' there, tell you couldn't hardly sleep for he.

1895, Harry Jones, Fifty Years: Or, Dead Leaves and Living Seeds, page 144:

Git aout, else I'll split yer faice !

1919, Thomas Burke, Out and about London, page 115:

Ye see, they was able to live both in ant aout o' water–what they call amphibians, I guess.

1936, H.P. Lovecraft, Shadow Over Innsmouth:


د

دسوڠاي (di sungai)

Jawi spelling of di before consonant-initial words.


د

Proclitic form of تر (tar, “from”). Cognate with Ormuri تر (tar) (with the same functions) and Old Avestan 𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬋 (tarō). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tr̥Hás (“through”), from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂-ó-s, from *terh₂- (“to cross over”) + *-ós. False cognate of French de.


ع

From Arabic عَلَى (ʕalā, “on, about”) by haplology before the article ال (al-).


ك

Cognate with Hebrew כ- (k^ə) and Ugaritic 𐎋 (k).

زَيْدٌ كَـٱلْأَسَدِ.


ك

كـ (canonical)
ka- (romanization)
k- (romanization)

كصحاب

كالعادة


à propos

Unadapted borrowing from French à propos.

ubor

Chciałem już zwrócić się do dziewczyny z jakąś uwagą à propos toaletowej sceny, natychmiast jednak ugryzłem się w język.

I was about to address the girl with some remark apropos the toilet scene, but I immediately bit my tongue.

apropos, speaking of (regarding or concerning) [with genitive ‘apropos what’]


ل

لِـ (canonical)
li- (romanization)
لِـ (stem)
لِي (feminine first-person masculine singular)
لِيَ (feminine first-person masculine singular)
لَنَا (common-gender dual feminine first-person masculine plural)
لَكَ (masculine second-person singular)
لَكِ (feminine second-person singular)
لَكُمَا (common-gender dual second-person)
لَكُمْ (masculine plural second-person)
لَكُنَّ (feminine plural second-person)
لَهُ (masculine singular third-person)
لَهَا (feminine singular third-person)
لَهُمَا (common-gender dual third-person)
لَهُمْ (masculine plural third-person)
لَهُنَّ (feminine plural third-person)

→ Azerbaijani: ləh

→ Persian: له (lah)