из-

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьz-; see *jьz for further information.

изо- (izo-) + -йти́ (-jtí, “to go”) → изойти́ (izojtí, “to emanate, to originate, to come from”)

из- (iz-) + укра́сить (ukrásitʹ, “to decorate”) → изукра́сить (izukrásitʹ, “lavishly decorate”)

When added to a verb, it may form a verb with a sense of completeness, abundance or exhaustion.

ис- (is-) + писа́ть (pisátʹ, “to write”) → исписа́ть (ispisátʹ, “write upon, cover with notes, write over”)

When added to a verb, it may form a verb with a sense of destruction, ruined due to use.

из- (iz-) + голова́ (golová, “head”) + -ье (-ʹje) → изголо́вье (izgolóvʹje, “head of the bed”)

When added to nouns, especially when they have the suffix -ье, it indicates location of an object.

из- (iz-) + жёлтый (žóltyj, “yellow”) + бу́рый (búryj, “brown”) → и́зжелта-бу́рый (ízželta-búryj, “yellowish-brown”)

When added to adjectives for colours/colors, an adverb is formed indicating nuance.

из- (iz-) + даль (dalʹ, “distance”) + -и (-i, genitive singular) → и́здали (ízdali, “from afar”)

When added to nouns, it may form an adverb indicating spatial or temporal properties. Usually in archaic or highly formal style.

из- (iz-) + внутри́ (vnutrí, “interior, inside”) → изнутри́ (iznutrí, “from within, from inside”)

When added to adverbs, it can form an adverb with a sense of direction for an action.


пре-

пре- (pre-) + голем (golem, “big”) → преголем (pregolem, “too big”)

пре- (pre-) + прати (prati, “to send”) → препрати (preprati, “to resend, forward”)

пре- (pre-) + се качи (se kači, “to climb”) → се прекачи (se prekači, “to climb over”)

пре- (pre-) + носи (nosi, “to carry”) → пренесе (prenese, “to transfer, transport, carry across”)

пре- (pre-) + се срами (se srami, “to be ashamed”) → се пресрами (se presrami, “to stop being ashamed”)


пре-

пре- (canonical)
пре́- (canonical)
pre- (romanization)
pré- (romanization)

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic пре- (pre-), прѣ- (prě-), from Proto-Slavic *per-. Compare native пере- (pere-).

bor+

пре- (pre-) + враща́ть (vraščátʹ, “to rotate, to turn”) → превраща́ть (prevraščátʹ, “to convert, to turn into”)

пре- (pre-) + поднести́ (podnestí, “to bring, to offer”) → преподнести́ (prepodnestí, “to present”)

пре- (pre-) + облада́ть (obladátʹ, “to possess, to own”) → преоблада́ть (preobladátʹ, “to prevail, to predominate”)

пре- (pre-) + до́брый (dóbryj, “kind, good”) → предо́брый (predóbryj, “most kind”)

пре- (pre-) + кра́сный (krásnyj, “beautiful”) (archaic) → прекра́сный (prekrásnyj, “most beautiful”)

пре- (pre-) + драго́й (dragój, “dear”) → предраго́й (predragój)

пре- (pre-) + скве́рный (skvérnyj, “bad, foul”) → прескве́рный (preskvérnyj, “very bad”)

(used with adjectives, may be accompanied by reduplication) most, very (superlative degree)


за-

(used with verbs) to begin doing (describing an action of commencing)

(used with verbs) describing an intensified or extreme action or an action of doing something up to the point that an object becomes junk


за-

за- (za-) + -йти́ impf (-jtí, “to go”) → зайти́ pf (zajtí, “to go behind, to go beyond; to call on”)

за- (za-) + говори́ть impf (govorítʹ, “to speak”) → заговори́ть pf (zagovorítʹ, “to begin to speak”)

за- (za-) + гото́вить impf (gotóvitʹ, “to prepare”) → загото́вить pf (zagotóvitʹ, “to prepare”)

(used with verbs) in advance (describing an action of doing something ahead of time)

за- (za-) + бетони́ровать impf (betonírovatʹ, “to concrete”) → забетони́ровать pf (zabetonírovatʹ, “to concrete”)

за- (za-) + по́лнить impf (pólnitʹ, “to fill”) (now archaic, not to be confused with полни́ть (polnítʹ)) → запо́лнить pf (zapólnitʹ, “to fill”)

за- (za-) + асфальти́ровать impf (asfalʹtírovatʹ, “to asphalt, to resurface”) → заасфальти́ровать pf (zaasfalʹtírovatʹ, “to asphalt, to resurface”)

за- (za-) + бели́ть impf (belítʹ, “to whitewash, to whiten”) → забели́ть pf (zabelítʹ, “to whitewash, to whiten”)

за- (za-) + верши́ть impf (veršítʹ, “to manage, control, direct”) (literary) → заверши́ть pf (zaveršítʹ, “to finish, complete, accomplish”)

(used with verbs) to the finish, to the end (describing a completed result)

за- (za-) + ржа́веть, ржаве́ть impf (ržávetʹ, ržavétʹ, “to become rusty”) → заржа́веть, заржаве́ть pf (zaržávetʹ, zaržavétʹ, “to become rusty (as an emphasis, by being covered with rust)”)

за- (za-) + целова́ть impf (celovátʹ, “to kiss”) → зацелова́ть pf (zacelovátʹ, “to cover with kisses (denoting kissing many times, that one's body is fully covered with kisses)”)

(used with verbs) describing an action of covering something, of being covered, or hiding behind something

за- (za-) + чита́ть impf (čitátʹ, “to read”) → зачита́ть pf (začitátʹ, “to read (a book, as well as not returning it back; until it becomes all torn apart; simply reading out loud, denoting that the loud voice is a sign of intensified or extreme action)”)

за- (za-) + сиде́ть impf (sidétʹ, “to sit”) → засиде́ться pf (zasidétʹsja, “to sit down, to stay for quite a long time (denoting that the long duration of sitting is a sign of intensified or extreme action)”)

за- (za-) + ду́мать impf (dúmatʹ, “to think”) → заду́мать pf (zadúmatʹ, “to devise”)

за- (za-) + баллоти́ровать impf (ballotírovatʹ, “to vote (for someone)”) → забаллоти́ровать pf (zaballotírovatʹ, “to fail to elect”)

за- (za-) + держа́ть impf (deržátʹ, “to hold, keep, support”) → задержа́ть pf (zaderžátʹ, “to detain, delay”)

(used with verbs) describing an action that implies the existence of barriers, obstacles, or hindrance

за- (za-) + говори́ть impf (govorítʹ, “to speak”) + -ся (-sja) → заговори́ться pf (zagovorítʹsja, “to spout nonsense; to rattle on; to have a long talk with, forgetting the time”)

(with a reflexive verb) to do with abandonment

за- (za-) + Карпа́ты (Karpáty, “Carpathians”) + -ье (-ʹje) → Закарпа́тье (Zakarpátʹje, “Transcarpathia”)

за- (za-) + Кавка́з (Kavkáz, “Caucasus”) + -ье (-ʹje) → Закавка́зье (Zakavkázʹje, “Transcaucasia”)

(used with nouns, in place names) trans-


про-

From the Proto-Slavic *pro- prefix, from Proto-Slavic *pro.

про- (pro-) + -ити impf (-iti) + to go pf (“to go through, to pass by”) → проити (proiti)

(used with verbs) through, past (describing an action of passing through a space or an object)

про- (pro-) + пустити pf (pustiti, “to let”) → пропустити pf (propustiti, “to let pass through”)

(used with verbs) describing an action of passing by an entity and moving further from an entity

про- (pro-) + пасти impf (pasti, “to fall”) (figuratively) → пропасти pf (propasti, “to get lost”)

(used with verbs) describing an action that describes losses, expenses, wasting, or forgetting


про-

про- (pro-) + -йти́ impf (-jtí) + to go pf (“to go through, to pass by”) → пройти́ (projtí)

про- (pro-) + ступа́ть impf (stupátʹ, “to tread, step”) → проступа́ть pf (prostupátʹ, “to exude, ooze (in a metaphorical sense)”)

про- (pro-) + са́лить impf (sálitʹ, “to grease, apply oil onto something”) → проса́лить pf (prosálitʹ, “to cover something with oil completely”)

(used with verbs) describing an action of covering a whole object

про- (pro-) + пусти́ть pf (pustítʹ, “to let”) → пропусти́ть pf (propustítʹ, “to let pass through”)

про- (pro-) + штуди́ровать impf (študírovatʹ, “to study (in a form of researching)”) → проштуди́ровать pf (proštudírovatʹ, “to study thoroughly”)

(used with verbs) describing an action that entails completeness, exhaustiveness, or accuracy

про- (pro-) + визжа́ть impf (vizžátʹ, “to squeal”) → провизжа́ть pf (provizžátʹ, “to squeal (momentarily for a short time)”)

(used with verbs) describing a momentary action with a short duration

про- (pro-) + ждать impf (ždatʹ, “to wait”) → прожда́ть pf (proždátʹ, “to wait (for a while, for some time)”)

про- (pro-) + рабо́тать impf (rabótatʹ, “to work”) → прорабо́тать pf (prorabótatʹ, “to work (for a while, for some time)”)

про- (pro-) + сиде́ть impf (sidétʹ, “to sit”) → просиде́ть pf (prosidétʹ, “to sit (for a while, for some time)”)

(used with verbs) describing an action that lasts for a certain period of time

про- (pro-) + срок (srok, “period, term”) + -ить (-itʹ) → просро́чить pf (prosróčitʹ, “to expire (time-wise, as time for doing something is lost)”)

про- (pro-) + пасть impf (pastʹ, “to fall”) (figuratively) → пропа́сть pf (propástʹ, “to get lost”)

про- (pro-) + меж (mež, “between”) + уте́чь (utéčʹ, “to pass by”) (deverbal) → промежу́ток (promežútok, “interval”)

(used with nouns) describing a state of being that is located between two entities or among more than two entities

про́- (pró-) + зелёный (zeljónyj, “green”) + -ь (-ʹ) → про́зелень (prózelenʹ, “greenness”)

(used with adjectives or nouns) describing an initial appearance or insufficiency of characteristics


на-

From Proto-Slavic *na- prefix, from Proto-Slavic *na.

на- (na-) + ити (iti, “to go”) → наити (naiti, “to find”, literally “to come upon”)

на- (na-) + пити (piti, “to drink”) → напити (napiti, “to drink to the full; to quench one’s thirst; to get drunk”)

(used with verbs) to repletion, to satiation, to the full, enough, too much


на-

на- (na-) + идти́ (idtí, “to go”) → найти́ (najtí, “to find”, literally “to come upon”)

на- (na-) + пить (pitʹ, “to drink”) + -ся (-sja, reflexive suffix) → напи́ться (napítʹsja, “to drink to the full; to quench one’s thirst; to get drunk”)

(with verbs) to repletion, to satiation, to the full, enough, too much

на- (na-) + купи́ть (kupítʹ, “to buy”) → накупи́ть книг (nakupítʹ knig, “to buy a quantity of books, a lot of books”)


со-

ученик

соученик

работа

соработка

A prefix indicating unity or connection, akin to co-.

стави

состави

A prefix indicating composition, akin to syn-.


со-

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъ(n)- (see с- (s-) and Proto-Slavic *sъ(n) for more information). The yer sound -ъ- was treated as strong when another yer followed in the next syllable, and was vocalized to -o-, whereas the yer in the next syllable was deleted, producing a consonant cluster.

Alternative form of с- (s-) (used before certain consonant clusters)


со-

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic съ- (sŭ-), from Proto-Slavic *sъ(n)-; see above.

со- (so-) + гласи́ть (glasítʹ, “to say”) + -ся (-sja) → согласи́ться (soglasítʹsja, “to consent”)

со- (so-) + жить (žitʹ, “to live”) + -тель (-telʹ) → сожи́тель (sožítelʹ, “cohabitant”)


при-

(used with verbs) denotes direction towards something, arrival


при-

From the Proto-Slavic *pri- prefix, from Proto-Slavic *pri.

при- (pri-) + -ити (-iti, “to go”) → приити (priiti, “to come”)

при- (pri-) + коупити (kupiti, “to buy”) → прикоупити (prikupiti, “to buy some more”)


при-

при- (pri-) + -йти́ (-jtí, “to go”) → прийти́ (prijtí, “to come”)

при- (pri-) + лете́ть (letétʹ, “to fly”) → прилете́ть (priletétʹ, “to arrive by plane”)

при- (pri-) + шить (šitʹ, “to sew”) → приши́ть (prišítʹ, “to sew on”)

при- (pri-) + винти́ть (vintítʹ, “to screw”) → привинти́ть (privintítʹ, “to screw on, to attach by screwing”)

при- (pri-) + крути́ть (krutítʹ, “to twist, to spin”) → прикрути́ть (prikrutítʹ, “to spin on, to attach by spinning; to screw in”)

при- (pri-) + писа́ть (pisátʹ, “to write”) → приписа́ть (pripisátʹ, “to add in writing”)

при- (pri-) + купи́ть (kupítʹ, “to buy”) → прикупи́ть (prikupítʹ, “to buy some more”)

при- (pri-) + -ба́вить (-bávitʹ) → приба́вить (pribávitʹ, “to add”)

при- (pri-) + отвори́ть (otvorítʹ, “to open”) → приотвори́ть (priotvorítʹ, “to open slightly”)

при- (pri-) + спусти́ть (spustítʹ, “to lower”) → приспусти́ть (prispustítʹ, “to lower partially”)

при- (pri-) + Карпа́ты (Karpáty, “Carpathians”) + -ье (-ʹje) → Прикарпа́тье (Prikarpátʹje, “Prykarpattia, Circumcarpathia”, literally “near the Carpathian Mountains”)

при- (pri-) + Днестр (Dnestr, “Dniester (river)”) + -о́вый (-óvyj) + -ье (-ʹje) → Приднестро́вье (Pridnestróvʹje, “Transnistria”, literally “next to the Dniester River”)

при- (pri-) + мо́ре (móre, “sea”) + -ский (-skij) + край (kraj, “krai, territory”) → Примо́рский край (Primórskij kraj, “Primorsky Krai”, literally “seaside territory”)

при- (pri-) + Днепр (Dnepr, “Dnieper (river)”) + -о́вский (-óvskij) → Приднепро́вский (Pridnepróvskij, literally “near the Dnieper”)

Приднепро́вская ни́зменность ― Pridnepróvskaja nízmennostʹ ― Dnieper Lowland (literally, “lowland by the Dnieper River”)

Приднепро́вская желе́зная доро́га


в-

Inherited from Old East Slavic въ- (vŭ-), from Proto-Slavic *vъ(n)-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én. The /n/ persists in внять (vnjatʹ). See also в (v), Old East Slavic въ (vŭ), Proto-Slavic *vъ(n). Compare the similar development in с- (s-) from Proto-Slavic *sъ(n)-.

inh+

во- (vo-) + -йти́ (-jtí, “to go”) → войти́ (vojtí, “to go in, to enter”)

added to verbs, forms verbs with the approximate meaning 'in' or 'into'

в- (v-) + чита́ть (čitátʹ, “to read”) + -ся (-sja) → вчита́ться (včitátʹsja, “to read carefully, delving into the content to better understand”)

added with -ся (-sja) to verbs, forms verbs with the approximate meaning of thoroughness or completeness of action

в- (v-) + ручно́й (ručnój, “(relational) hand; manual”) → вручну́ю (vručnúju, “manually (by hand)”)

added to adjectives, forms adverbs with the approximate meaning 'in the manner of [the adjective]'

в- (v-) + нутро́ (nutró, “the inside”) → внутри́ (vnutrí, “inside”)

в- (v-) + низ (niz, “the bottom”) → вниз (vniz, “downwards”)

added to nouns, forms adverbs with the approximate meaning 'in the direction or location of [the noun]'

в- (v-) + дво́е (dvóje, “two (in a group together)”) → вдво́е (vdvóje, “twice, by half”)

в- (v-) + дво́е (dvóje, “two (in a group together)”) → вдвоём (vdvojóm, “as a two”)

added to numerals, forms adverbs based on the numeral


в-

Inherited from Old Ruthenian в-, въ- (v-, v-), from Old East Slavic въ- (vŭ-), from Proto-Slavic *vъ(n)-.

у-

used after consonants or at the beginning of a clause

в- (v-) + бі́гти impf (bíhty, “to run”) → вбі́гти pf (vbíhty, “to run in, to run into”)

в- (v-) + нести́ impf (nestý, “to carry, to bring”) → внести́ pf (vnestý, “to carry in, to bring in, to contribute”)

в- (v-) + ключ impf (ključ, “key”) + -ити (-yty) → включи́ти pf (vključýty, “to include, to turn on”)

(added to verbs) into, in (indicates inward movement)

в- (v-) + чита́ти (čytáty, “to read”) + -ся (-sja) → вчита́тися pf (včytátysja, “to read carefully, study carefully”)

в- (v-) + ду́мати (dúmaty, “to think”) + -ся (-sja) → вду́матися pf (vdúmatysja, “to consider, to think over, to ponder over”)

(added to verbs in combination with -ся (-sja)) indicates thoroughness, profoundness

в- (v-) + шир (šyr, “width, breadth”) → вшир (všyr, “widthwise, breadthwise”)

в- (v-) + довж (dovž, “length”) → вдовж (vdovž, “lengthwise”)

в- (v-) + пере́д (peréd, “front”) → впере́д (vperéd, “forward, forwards”)

в- (v-) + лі́во (lívo, “left”) → влі́во (vlívo, “left, leftward”)

в- (v-) + середи́на (seredýna, “middle, center”) → всере́дині (vserédyni, “inside, inward”)

в- (v-) + гора́ (horá, “mountain”) → вго́ру (vhóru, “up, upward, upwards”)

в- (v-) + пе́рший (péršyj, “first”) + -е (-e) → впе́рше (vpérše, “first time, for the first time”)

в- (v-) + чотирна́дцятий (čotyrnádcjatyj, “fourteenth”) + -е (-e) → вчотирна́дцяте (včotyrnádcjate, “for the fourteenth time”)

в- (v-) + со́тий (sótyj, “hundredth”) + -е (-e) → всо́те (vsóte, “for the hundredth time”)

в- (v-) + дві́чі (dvíči, “twice”) → вдві́чі (vdvíči, “twofold, by two”)

в- (v-) + дво́є (dvóje, “two of, two”) → вдво́є (vdvóje, “twofold, by two, in two”)

в- (v-) + десятеро (desjatero, “ten of, ten”) → вде́сятеро (vdésjatero, “tenfold, by ten”)

в- (v-) + полови́на (polovýna, “half”) → вполови́ну (vpolovýnu, “by half”)

в- (v-) + плав (plav, “swimming, sailing”) → вплав (vplav, “by swimming, by sailing”)

в- (v-) + роздроби́ти (rozdrobýty, “to fragment, to split up”) → вро́здріб (vrózdrib, “one by one, separately, by retail”)

в- (v-) + лад (lad, “order, accord, harmony”) → влад (vlad, “appropriately, harmoniously, to rhythmically, in accord”)

в- (v-) + ручни́й (ručnýj, “manual, hand”) → вручну́ (vručnú, “by hand, manually”)

(used to form adverbs) by, -ly (describes manner in which something is done)


в-

Inherited from Old Ruthenian у-, в- (u-, v-), from Old East Slavic оу-, въ- (u-, vŭ-), from Proto-Slavic *u-.

Alternative form of у- (u-) (used after consonants or at the beginning of a clause)


с-

Саб аԥсуа бызшәа бзиаӡаны идыруеит.

My father knows the Abkhaz language very good.

Есымша Гәдоуҭаҟа сцон.

Cубеит, cҟəардə уқәтәаны.

You saw me, while you were sitting on my chair.


с-

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъ(n)-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom. See Proto-Slavic *sъ(n) for more information. The /n/ persists in снять (snjatʹ) (originally a prefixed derivative of ять (jatʹ, “to take”)), from which other words in -нять (-njatʹ) were produced by rebracketing. See also с (s), Old East Slavic съ (sŭ), and compare the analogous loss of -n- in в- (v-).

с- (s-) + лить impf (litʹ, “to pour”) → слить pf (slitʹ, “to pour into one place”)

(with verbs) (describing an action moving from a single position or many positions into another single position)

с- (s-) + ходи́ть (xodítʹ, “to go”) → сходи́ть (sxodítʹ, “to go down”)

(with verbs) down (describing a downward action)

(with verbs) off, from off (describing an action of removing oneself to another location)

с- (s-) + верх (verx, “the top”) → све́рху (svérxu, “from above”)

added to nouns, forms adverbs with the approximate meaning "from the location of [the noun]"


с-

с- + пу̀стити → спу̀стити

с- + зна̏ти → са̀знати

с- + ло̀мити → сло̀мити

с- + гле̏дати → са̀гледати

с- + ку̏пити → ску̏пити

с- + кло̀нити → скло̀нити

с- + на́ћи → сна̑ћи

Prepended to verbs, usually forming a perfective from an imperfective verb.

са-

before affricates, fricatives and certain consonant clusters


с-

Derives from multiple Proto-Slavic prefixes: *jьz-, *sъ(n)- and *vъz-.

с- (s-) + пита́ти impf (pytáty, “to ask, to inquire”) → спита́ти pf (spytáty)

с- (s-) + фальсифікува́ти impf (falʹsyfikuváty, “to forge, to feign”) → сфальсифікува́ти pf (sfalʹsyfikuváty)

с- (s-) + хапа́ти impf (xapáty, “to grab, to catch”) → схопи́ти pf (sxopýty)

с- (s-) + твори́ти impf (tvorýty, “to make, to create”) → створи́ти pf (stvorýty)

с- (s-) + каза́ти impf (kazáty, “to say, to tell”) → сказа́ти pf (skazáty)

Alternative form of з- (z-) used before: к, ф, п, т, х:

attached to imperfective verbs to form the perfective aspect

с- (s-) + тягти́ impf (tjahtý, “to pull”) → стягти́ pf (stjahtý, “to pull together, to gather in a place”)

с- (s-) + трима́ти impf (trymáty, “to hold”) → стри́мати pf (strýmaty, “to hold in one place, to fend off”)

forms verbs suggesting bringing together or out, literally or abstractly


jälki-

From Proto-Finnic *jälki-. Cognates include Finnish jälki-.


taka-

taka- (nominative singular)
takaa (partitive singular)
taas (lative singular)
taa (lative singular)
takaisin (distributive temporal)
taitse (prolative singular)
takana (essive singular)
taakse (singular translative)


taka-

From Proto-Finnic *taka-. Cognates include Finnish taka-.


до-

(used with verbs) completely, fully (describing a completion of an action to its end)


до-

до- (do-) + -ити (-iti, “to go”) → доити (doiti, “to go up to, to reach”)

(used with verbs) completely (describing a completion of an action to its end)

(used with adjectives and nouns) pre-, ante- (earlier in time)


до-

до- (do-) + -йти́ (-jtí, “to go”) → дойти́ (dojtí, “to go up to, to reach”)

до- (do-) + чита́ть (čitátʹ, “to read”) → дочита́ть (dočitátʹ, “to finish reading”)

до- (do-) + истори́ческий (istoríčeskij, “historic”) → доистори́ческий (doistoríčeskij, “prehistoric”)


до-

Inherited from Old Ruthenian до- (do-), from Old East Slavic до- (do-), from Proto-Slavic *do.

до- (do-) + бі́гти impf (bíhty, “to run”) → добі́гти pf (dobíhty, “to run (to; as far as), to get to, to reach”)

до- (do-) + чека́ти impf (čekáty, “to wait”) → дочека́ти pf (dočekáty, “to wait until”)

до- (do-) + рости́ impf (rostý, “to grow”) → дорости́ pf (dorostý, “to grow (to; as tall/high as), to reach (height, age, amount, etc.), to be old enough for/to”)

(added to verbs) to, up to, until (indicates reaching a certain (often implied) point in space or time)

до- (do-) + би́тися impf (býtysja, “to fight”) → доби́тися pf (dobýtysja, “to achieve, to attain, to gain”)

до- (do-) + вести́ impf (vestý, “to lead, to take”) → довести́ pf (dovestý, “to prove, to evidence”)

до- (do-) + мо́вити impf (móvyty, “to say”) + -ся (-sja) → домо́витися pf (domóvytysja, “to agree on, to come to an agreement”)

до- (do-) + працюва́ти impf (pracjuváty, “to work”) + -ся (-sja) → допрацюва́тися pf (dopracjuvátysja, “to get promoted to, to work yourself into (grave, nervous breakdown, etc.)”)

(added to verbs; usually combined with -ся (-sja)) indicates reaching a specific goal or result

до- (do-) + роби́ти impf (robýty, “to do, to make, to work”) → дороби́ти pf (dorobýty, “to finish doing, to finish working, to complete”)

до- (do-) + би́ти impf (býty, “to hit, to strike”) → доби́ти pf (dobýty, “to finish off, to kill off, to finish”)

до- (do-) + гра́ти impf (hráty, “to play”) → догра́ти pf (dohráty, “to finish playing, to be done playing”)

до- (do-) + ї́сти impf (jísty, “to eat”) → дої́сти pf (dojísty, “to finish (meal), to eat (up)”)

до- (do-) + да́ти impf (dáty, “to give”) → дода́ти pf (dodáty, “to add”)

до- (do-) + писа́ти impf (pysáty, “to write”) → дописа́ти pf (dopysáty, “to add (by writing)”)

до- (do-) + міша́ти impf (mišáty, “to mix”) → доміша́ти pf (domišáty, “to admix, to add (by mixing in)”)

(added to verbs) indicates addition or furthering a previous process

до- (do-) + істо́рія f (istórija, “to history”) → доісто́рія f (doistórija, “prehistory”)

до- (do-) + пото́п m (potóp, “flood, deluge”) + -ний (-nyj) → допото́пний (dopotópnyj, “antediluvian”)

до- (do-) + індустріа́льний (industriálʹnyj, “industrial”) → доіндустріа́льний (doindustriálʹnyj, “preindustrial”)

(added to nouns and adjectives) pre-, ante- (prior to in time)


без-

без- (bjez-) + кане́ц (kanjéc, “end”) + -ы (-y) → бяско́нцы (bjaskóncy, “endless”)

adjective-forming prefix denoting deprivation of a feature: -less, -free


без-

без- (bez-) + болен (bolen, “painful”) → безболен (bezbolen, “painless”)

без- (bez-) + помош (pomoš, “help”) → беспомошен (bespomošen, “helpless”)


без-

-less, prefixed adjective denoting a deprivation of a feature


без-

дно

бе́здна

поко́иться

беспоко́ить


без-

-less, prefix appended to adjectives to create an adjective denoting a deprivation of a feature


по-

по- (po-) + спие (spie, “to sleep”) → поспие (pospie, “to have some sleep, sleep a little”)

A prefix indicating the delimitative aspect.

по- (po-) + влече (vleče, “to pull”, impf.) → повлече (povleče, “to pull, give a tug”, pf.)

A prefix indicating the perfective aspect.

по- (po-) + евтин (evtin, “cheap”) → поевтин (poevtin, “cheaper”)

по- (po-) + често (često, “often”) → почесто (počesto, “more often”)

A comparative prefix in adjectives and adverbs.


по-

From Proto-Slavic *po- prefix, from Proto-Slavic *po.

по- (po-) + говорити impf (govoriti, “to talk”) → поговорити pf (pogovoriti, “to have a talk, to talk a little”)

delimitative aspect
w:delimitative aspect

for a while, a little (see delimitative aspect)

по- (po-) + морѥ (morje, “the Sea”) + -ье (-ĭje) → поморѥ (pomorje, “costal region”)

по- (po-) + Морава (Morava, “the Morava River”) → поморавиѥ (pomoravije, “Morava region”)


по-

по- (canonical)
по́- (canonical)
po- (romanization)
pó- (romanization)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pо-. See по (po, “up to”).

по- (po-) + -йти́ impf (-jtí, “to go”) → пойти́ pf (pojtí, “to go”)

по- (po-) + купи́ть pf (kupítʹ, “to buy, purchase”) + -а́ть (-átʹ) → покупа́ть impf (pokupátʹ, “to buy, purchase”)

по- (po-) + говори́ть impf (govorítʹ, “to talk”) → поговори́ть pf (pogovorítʹ, “to talk a bit, to chat”)

по- (po-) + рабо́тать (rabótatʹ, “to work”) → порабо́тать (porabótatʹ, “to work a bit”)

по- (po-) + спа́ть (spátʹ, “to sleep”) → поспа́ть (pospátʹ, “to sleep a bit”)

по- (po-) + ру́сский (rússkij, “Russian”) → по-ру́сски (po-rússki, “in a Russian way, Russian (the language)”)

по- (po-) + мужско́й (mužskój, “male, masculine”) → по-мужски́ (po-mužskí, “in a manly way, like a man”)

по- (po-) + ра́зный (ráznyj, “different, various”) → по-ра́зному (po-ráznomu, “in various ways, it depends”)

по- (po-) + дома́шний (domášnij, “domestic, home”) → по-дома́шнему (po-domášnemu, “like at home”)

added with a hyphen to certain adjectives to create adverbs, often (but not always) with the meaning "in the manner of behaviour, speech etc. of [the adjective]" typically changes the adjective ending to the dative masculine/neuter singular ending, but the following additional changes also occur: -ский (-skij) to -ски (-ski), -ско́й (-skój) to -ски́ (-skí), -ий (-ij) to -ьи (-ʹi)

по- (po-) + Во́лга (Vólga, “the Volga River”) + -ье (-ʹje) → Пово́лжье (Povólžʹje, “Volga Region”)

пово́лжские не́мцы

по- (po-) + Ла́ба (Lába, “the Elbe River”) + -ский (-skij) + доли́на (dolína, “basin”) → Пола́бская доли́на (Polábskaja dolína, “Elbe River Basin”)

пола́бские славя́не

Померания


по-

по- (po-) + гра́ти impf (hráty, “to play”) → погра́ти pf (pohráty)

по- (po-) + розмовля́ти impf (rozmovljáty, “to talk”) → порозмовля́ти pf (porozmovljáty)

used to form perfective verbs from imperfective ones.

по- (po-) + ліс (lis, “forest”) + -я (-ja) → Полі́сся (Políssja, “Polissia (historic region)”, literally “land beyond the forest”)

по- (po-) + діл (dil, “bottom”) → Поді́л (Podíl, “Podil (historic neighbourhood of Kyiv)”, literally “lowlands”)

по- (po-) + тяг(нути) (tjah(nuty), “to pull”) → по́тяг (pótjah, “train”)

по- (po-) + украї́нський (ukrajínsʹkyj, “Ukrainian”) → по-украї́нськи (po-ukrajínsʹky, “in a Ukrainian fashion/way”)

по- (po-) + краси́вому (krasývomu, “beautiful”) → по-краси́вому (po-krasývomu, “beautifully”)


iki

Perhaps related to Proto-Slavic *kъ(n) (“to, towards”). Cognate with Latvian ik (“how often; every”).


esi-

esi- (nominative singular)
edes (lative singular)
edessä (inessive singular)
edestä (elative singular)
eteen (illative singular)
esiin (illative plural)
edellä (adessive singular)
esillä (adessive plural)
edeltä (ablative singular)
esiltä (ablative plural)
edelle (allative singular)
esille (allative plural)
editse (prolative singular)
etenkin (instructive singular)
etenkään (instructive singular)

From Proto-Finnic *eci, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *ede. Cognate with Estonian esi and Hungarian elő.


esi-

From Proto-Finnic *eci-. Cognates include Finnish esi- and Veps ezi-.


esi-

From a- (“relative”) + si- (“first person plural”).


esi-

From a- (“relative”) + si- (“class 7 subject prefix”).


esi-

From a- (“relative”) + si- (“class 7 basic noun prefix”).


techno-

From Ancient Greek τέχνη (tékhnē, “skill”).

tegno-

used to form words relating to technology


ne-

I. First person singular pronoun added to a verb to show its subject.

My. First person singular possessive pronoun added to a noun to show its possessor.


ne-

Mám hlad. (“I am hungry.”) → Nemám hlad.

used to negate verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Akin to un-, non-, im-, ir-


ne-

Used to negate verbs, adjectives, and adverbs; non-, un-, in-, im-, ir-.


ne-

From Old Latin ne (“not”) in compositions.

ne- (“not”) + sciō (“I know”) → nesciō (“I don't know”)

absolutely negates the principal meaning


ne-

From the same stem as the general negative particle nē (“no”).

Used on all verb forms to form the negative version of that form (runāju (“I speak”), nerunāju (“I don't speak”)), as well as on nouns and adjectives to indicate negation (like Latin in-, im-; English un-; or Russian не- (ne-)).


ne-

From the same stem as the general negative particle ne (“no”).

ne- + tvarkà 'order' → netvarkà 'disorder, mess'

ne- + ramùs 'calm' → neramùs 'restless, uneasy'

ne- + geraĩ 'well' → negeraĩ 'badly'

ne- + norė́ti 'want' → nenorė́ti 'not want'

Used on all verb forms to form the negative version of that form, as well as on nouns, adjectives and adverbs to indicate negation.


ne-

forms the negative subjunctive mood of verbs.


ne-

From Proto-Germanic *ne (“not”), from Proto-Indo-European *ne (“no, not”). Akin to Old English ne (“not”).

neom

næs

nǣron

nic

nǣniġ

nealles

nefne

nabban

nāgan

nǣfre

nyllan

ne- + witan (“to know”) → nytan (“to not know”)

ne- + wāt (“I know”) → nāt (“I do not know”)

ne- + witen (“known”) → nyten (“ignorant”)


ne-

Probably of Slavic origin, possibly borrowed from Old Church Slavonic не- (ne-) or some other language (cf. Serbo-Croatian and Macedonian не-), from Proto-Slavic *ne. Less likely, originally from Latin ne-, and reinforced or influenced by the Slavic prefix.
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ne.

bor+

ne- + cunoscut (“known”) → necunoscut (“unknown”)

ne- + înțeles (“understood”) → neînțeles (“misunderstood”)

ne- + prietenos (“friendly”) → neprietenos (“unfriendly”)

ne- + folosind → nefolosind (“not using, without using”)

un-; de- (attached to past participles, gerundives and some adjectives to negate them)


ne-

Prefix prepended to adjectives to create an adjective denoting a negative meaning (ne (“not”)). Akin to un-, non-, im-, ir-.


ne-

Plains Algonquian:

Blackfoot: no-, ni-, n- (“my”)

Arapaho: ne-, no- (“my”)

Cheyenne: na- (“my”)

Central Algonquian:

Cree: ni-, ᓂ- (ni-)

Menominee: nɛ-

Ojibwe: ni-

Fox: n-, nî-

Miami: ni- (“your”)

Eastern Algonquian:

Abenaki: n-

Malecite-Passamaquoddy: n-

Massachusett: ne-

Mohegan-Pequot: nu-

desc

Mahican: n-, ne-, nd-, nt-, nch(e)- (“my”)

Unami: n-, ni-

From Proto-Algic *neʔ-, whence also Yurok 'ne-, ʔne- (“my”) and Wiyot du-, d- (showing the hardening of the Proto-Algic nasal n to the stop d).

ni·piči (“my tooth”)

ni·yawi (“my body”)

nemihsa (“my older sister”)


ne-

South Slavic:

Croatian: ne-

Slovene: ne-

West Slavic:

Czech: ne-, ně-

Polish: nie-

Slovak: ne-

(Late Common-Slavic or post-Common-Slavic) none


Of-

(British) A regulatory body for a specified industry.


opto-

From Ancient Greek ὀπτικός (optikós, “of seeing”).


epä-

From Proto-Finnic *epä. Originally active present participle (-pä) of the negative verb stem *e-; see ei. Cognate with Estonian eba-, Livonian äb, Moksha аф (af), Erzya апак (apak).

epä- + selvä (“clear”) → epäselvä (“unclear”)

Used to invert the meaning of a word: in-, non-, un-, dis-, mis-, mal-


epä-

From Proto-Finnic *epä-. Cognates include Finnish epä- and Estonian eba-.

Used to invert the meaning of a word: un-, non-


zym-

Alternative form of zymo- (before a vowel).


zymo-

classical compound
international scientific vocabulary

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from Ancient Greek ζύμη (zúmē, “leaven”).


zygo-

From Ancient Greek ζυγόν (zugón, “yoke”).


miso-

Combining form of Ancient Greek μῑσέω (mīséō, “to hate”), μῖσος (mîsos, “hatred”).


over-

From Middle English over-, from Old English ofer-, from Proto-Germanic *uber, from Proto-Indo-European *upér. Cognate with Dutch over-, German über-, Swedish över-, Welsh gor-, Spanish sobre-, Armenian վեր- (ver-), Persian ابر (abar-). Doublet of super-, sur-, and hyper-. More at over.

overbar, overlook

overlord

overkind, overloud, overstate

overcoat, overpaint

(augmentative) Exceptional; extremely or intensely.


over-

From Proto-Germanic *ubar- (“over-”). Cognate with Dutch over-, German über-, English over-, Swedish över-. More at over.


over-

Hij oversproeide de planten.

prepended to verbs; denotes that action takes place over the object

De man overeet zich.

prepended to verbs, nouns and adjectives; denotes that the action or state takes place excessively


mis-

From Middle English mys-, mis-, from Old English mis- (“mis-”), from Proto-West Germanic *missa-, from Proto-Germanic *missa- (“wrongly, badly, mis-”), from the adjective *missaz (whence also miss), from Proto-Indo-European *mitˢtós (“mutual, reciprocal”), from *meyt(h₂)- (“to replace, switch, exchange, swap”), extended from the root *mey- (“to change”).
Cognate with Scots mis- (“mis-”), Dutch mis- (“mis-”), German miss-, mis- (“mis-”), Danish mis- (“mis-”), Swedish mis- (“mis-”), Icelandic mis- (“mis-”). Compare also French més-, mé- (“mis-”), from Old French mes- (“mis-”), from Frankish *mis-, *missa- (“mis-”), from the same Proto-Germanic source above.

der

misidentification

bad or wrong; badly or wrongly
incorrectly

miscarriage (to fail to carry a pregnancy to term), misacknowledge

I misclicked something on my computer, and now everything is in Hungarian!

misaccusation


mis-

mis- + koncepce → miskoncepce


mis-

Afrikaans: mis-

From Middle Dutch mis-, from Old Dutch mis-, from Proto-West Germanic *missa-.


mis-

mis- + kompreni (“understand”) → miskompreni (“misunderstand”)

mis- + paroli (“to speak”) → misparoli (“misspeak”)


mis-

From Old Norse mis-, from Proto-Germanic *missa- (“wrongly, badly”), from Proto-Indo-European *mitto (“mutual, reciprocal”), from Proto-Indo-European *meyt- (“to replace, switch, exchange, swap”).


mis-

From Old Norse mis- (“mis-”), from Proto-Germanic *missa- (“wrongly, badly”), from Proto-Indo-European *mitto (“mutual, reciprocal”), from Proto-Indo-European *meyt- (“to replace, switch, exchange, swap”).


mis-

Borrowed from English mis-, from Proto-Germanic *missa-.

uzar (“to use”) → misuzar (“to misuse”).


mis-

Probably a confluence of Latin minus and Old High German missa-.

mis- + credere (“to believe”) → miscredere (“to disbelieve”)

mis- + fatto (“fact; deed”) → misfatto (“misdeed”)


mis-

Dutch: mis-
Afrikaans: mis-

From Old Dutch mis-, from Proto-West Germanic *missa-.


mis-

desctree

Middle Dutch: mis-
Dutch: mis-
Afrikaans: mis-


mis-

Middle English: mys-, mes-, mis-
English: mis-
Scots: mis-

From Proto-Germanic *missa-. Akin to Old English missan (“to miss”).


mis-

Icelandic: mis-

Faroese: mis-

Norwegian Bokmål: mis-

Swedish: miss-

Danish: mis-

From Proto-Germanic *missa- (“wrongly, badly”), from Proto-Indo-European *mitto (“mutual, reciprocal”), from Proto-Indo-European *meyt- (“to replace, switch, exchange, swap”).


nam

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-nam.wav

nam thanh niên


ĉef-

From English chief, French chef, among others. Doublet of ĉapitro and kapo.


meso-

From Ancient Greek μέσος (mésos, “middle”).

(taxonomy, biology) Intermediate in size or other characteristic.


meso-

From Ancient Greek μέσος (mésos, “middle”). Doublet of mid- and medio-.

Mesoamerica is a pre-Columbian cultural region extending from the southern part of Mexico to an area that comprises some parts of the countries of Central America, mesohepatectomy is the surgical removal of the middle part of the liver, mesoscaphe is a submersible submarine designed for drifting on sea currents in the middle depth layers of the ocean

mesoeconomics is economics on a scale between that of microeconomics and macroeconomics, mesoevolution is evolutionary change on a time-scale intermediate between microevolution and macroevolution, mesometeorology is the study of atmospheric phenomena on a larger scale than micrometeorology

Between a macro- scale and micro- scale in scope or analysis.

mesobrowser is a medium-sized browser (animal that browses, mesocavern is a medium-sized cave, cavern or similar void, mesohabitat is a medium-sized habitat

mesochannel is a channel, between two others, used as a heat exchanger, mesoclitic is a clitic inserted inside a word (such as between a stem and a suffix), mesolayer is a layer that exists between others

mesocratic is having a more or less even mixture of light and dark constituents, mesognathous is having the jaws between prognathous and orthognathous, mesohydrophyte is any plant whose tolerance to moisture is intermediate between that of a mesophyte and a hydrophyte.

Intermediate between two properties or characteristics.

mesoappendix is part of the mesentery found near the appendix and the terminal ileum, mesoduodenum is the mesentery of the duodenum, mesogastrium is the part of the embryonic mesentery that includes the stomach

mesoanterior is mesial and anterior, mesomedial is mesial and medial, meson is the mesial plane dividing the body into similar right and left halves

(anatomy) Mesial in location, position, or direction: towards the midline of the body.

mesochronic is based upon time averages of observed phenomena, mesocrystal is an ordered aggregate of similarly-sized crystals, mesokurtosis is the property of having kurtosis equal to that of a normal distribution; equivalently, having zero excess kurtosis

mesocone is a conule in the median mure where the mesoloph is attached to it, mesoflexus is a flexus between the mesoloph and the paracone, mesoloph is a crest in front of the metaflexus, connected to the median mure

(dentistry) The forward side of a tooth.

mesocenozoic is relating to the middle of the Cenozoic era, mesocratic is relating to mesocracy, or rule by the middle class, Mesolithic is of or referring to the Middle Stone Age (also the Mesolithic period or the Mesolithic age), a prehistoric period that lasted between 10000 and 3000 BC

The middle of a time period, or medium in duration.

mesocarnivore is any animal whose diet consists of 30–70% meat, mesobilirubin is a reduced form of bilirubin that is the primary pigment of bile acid, mesoparasite is a parasitic copepod that lives partly embedded in its host

mesoendemic is having some transmission in an area, mesoeutrophic is having a medium amount of nutrients and minerals, mesohaline is moderately salty; brackish

meso-tartaric acid, mesolytic

(chemistry) Designating an achiral member of a group of diastereoisomers that has at least one chiral member.


meso-

meso- (located in or relating to the middle)


paleo-

From Ancient Greek παλαιός (palaiós, “old”).

Used to form informal names of taxa; basal.


paleo-

paleo- + botaniko (“botany”) → paleobotaniko (“paleobotany”)

paleo- + ekologio (“ecology”) → paleoekologio (“paleoecology”)

paleo- + magnetismo (“magnetism”) → paleomagnetismo (“paleomagnetism”)

paleo- + grundo (“soil”) → paleogrundo (“paleosol”)


paleo-

Internationalism (see English paleo-), ultimately from Ancient Greek παλαιός (palaiós).


paleo-

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek παλαιός (palaiós, “old”).


paleo-

paleo-; prehistoric, pertaining to paleontology


цис-

цис-соедине́ние ― cis-sojedinénije ― cis-compound

цис-терпи́н ― cis-terpín ― cis-terpine

цис-транс-изомери́я ― cis-trans-izomeríja ― cis-trans-isomerism


AT

astronomical transient
astronomical transient#Translingual

(astronomy) Abbreviation of astronomical transient.; prefix for astronomical transients in official IAU astronomical event and object notation. The International Astronomical Union (IAU) is the official international arbiter of naming of astronomical objects and events in the field of astronomy.


gymno-

From Ancient Greek γυμνός (gumnós, “naked”).


chalco-

New Latin, from Ancient Greek χαλκός (khalkós, “copper”).

der

used to form taxonomic names, principally of genera


chalco-

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek χαλκός (khalkós, “copper”). Despite the appearance in English of a possible relation of chalco- to chalk, and any plausible semantic and cognate connections between limestones and ores in ancient times, the terms are not related by any known cognation. Note also the hard ch sound (/k/) in chalco- and words generated therefrom, which differs from the soft ch sound in chalk.

Copper; relatedly, also bronze or brass.


á

á hậu

Mạnh Tử được mệnh danh là á thánh, sau Khổng Tử.

Mencius is known as the secondary sage, second only to Confucius.

á kim

á thần


afro-

New Latin, from stem of Latin Afer (“African”), noun and adjective


afro-

Afro-, African (of or pertaining to Africa)


afro-

afro- + amerykański → afroamerykański


개

First attested in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103, as Late Old Korean 家稀.
From Old Korean 犬伊 (*KAhi).
In the hangul script, first attested in the Worin cheon'gangjigok (月印千江之曲 / 월인천강지곡), 1449, as Middle Korean 가히〮 (Yale: kàhí), and subsequently recorded as 개〯 (Yale: kǎy) in the 16th century, after the h had dropped.
The prefix derives from the noun. Compare English bitch.

ko-etym-native

진짜 개좋다.

진짜 개쩐다!

개웃기네

(vulgar, slang) fucking (as an intensifier)


agen

Variant of Old English ongēan (“again, eft, back”).


pro-

From Latin pro (“in favour of, on behalf of”).

uder

Police said that 289 people had been arrested, mostly for unlawful assembly. One woman was arrested in the Kowloon district of Yau Ma Tei on charges of assault and spreading pro-independence slogans, the police department said on its Facebook page. It said such slogans are illegal under a newly enacted national security law.

2020 September 6, “Hong Kong police arrest 289 at protests over election delay”, in The Washington Post, Associated Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-04-19, Asia & Pacific:


pro-

From Latin pro- (“forward direction, forward movement”).

progress compared to regress


pro-

pro- + pít (“to drink”) → propít (“to spend sth on drinking”)

pro- + bulet → probulet

pro- + podnikat → propodnikat

pro- + večírkovat → provečírkovat

forms a perfective verb and makes the verb transitive, the direct object is related to money or time

pro- + zdravit → prozdravit se

pro- + rvát → prorvat se

pro- + kouřit → prokouřit se

pro- + žvanit → prožvanit se

(pro- + imperfective base + se) + direction forms a perfective verb and changes the sense of motion from literal to fictive


pro-

Borrowed from Latin prō (“in front of”).


pro-

From Proto-Italic *pro-, from Proto-Indo-European *pro-. Synchronically served as the prefix counterpart to the preposition prō.

prō- + clīvus + -is → prōclīvis

prōd- + eō → prōdeō

prō- + gradior → prōgredior

prō- + flīgō + -ō → prōflīgō

prō- + terō → prōterō

forward direction, forward movement
downward and forward movement

prō- + pugnō → prōpugnō

prō- + tegō → prōtegō

prō- + *mineō → prōmineō

prō- + pendeō → prōpendeō

prō- + clāmō → prōclāmō

prō- + loquor → prōloquor

(prefixed to verbs of utterance) in place of, on behalf of

prō- + creō → prōcreō

prō- + gignō → prōgignō

prō- + *olēs → prōlēs

prō- + emō → prōmō

bringing into being, forth, or into the open

pro- + avus → proavus

prō- + rogō → prōrogō

prō- + videō → prōvideō

prō- + cūrō → prōcūrō

prō- + faciō → prōficiō

prō(d)- + sum → prōsum


pro-

Forms perfective verbs with the following meanings:

pro- + sẹ́vati (“to radiate”) → prosẹ́vati (“to shine through”)


pro-

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pra-

Lithuanian: *pra-

Proto-Slavic: *pro-

Proto-Celtic: *ɸro- (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Germanic: *fra- (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Hellenic: *pro-

Ancient Greek: προ- (pro-) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pra- (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Italic: *pro-

Latin: pro- (see there for further descendants)


pro-

Latin: prō-, pro-

Oscan: 𐌐𐌓𐌞- (prú-), 𐌐𐌓𐌖- (pru-)

Umbrian: 𐌐𐌓𐌖- (pru-), pro-

From Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“towards, forwards”)

inh

pro- (see the Latin entry for further meanings)


exo-

From Ancient Greek ἔξω (éxō, “outer; external”).

der

exo- + planet → exoplanet

exo- + biology → exobiology

(astronomy) extrasolar; beyond the Solar System (our solar system)


exo-

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἔξω (éxō, “outer; external”).


exo-

Derived from Ancient Greek ἔξω (éxō, “outer, external”).


いき

伊木 域 閾 位記 依稀 意気 異気 遺棄 委棄 偉器 彝器 彙記 移記


いろ

/iro₂/ → /iro/
From Old Japanese. First cited in ancient texts such as the Kojiki of 712.
Cognate with いら (ira). Appears to be distinct from 色 (⟨iro₂⟩ → iro, “color”).


chron-

(prevocalic) Alternative form of chrono-.


apico-

From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from apex.

e.g. apicoplast, Apicophilicity, Homophoberia apicosa

Having a shape that has a tip, point, or apex; apical, pointy.

e.g. apicocardiac, apicolateral, apicomedial

usage note: For organisms that are attached to a substrate (e.g. sponges, protists), the side attached to the substrate is referred to as the basal end, and the end furthest from attachment is referred to as apical

(anatomy) The side of a body part (or organism) that is futher away from the substrate it is attached to.

e.g. apicoalveolar, apicodental, apicopalatal

(linguistics) Articulated with the tip of the tongue.

e.g. apicocoronal, apicoectomy

(dentistry) Related to the root of a tooth.


apico-

Borrowed from Latin apicem (“point, tip”).


apico-

(linguistics) apico- (articulated with the tip of the tongue)

(dentistry) apico- (related to the root of a tooth)


bromo-

(organic chemistry) bromo- (containing bromine)


NN

(astronomy) the prefix of catalog entries in the Gliese star catalog, the expansion called the Preliminary Version of the Third Catalogue of Nearby Stars


co-

From Latin co-, allomorph of Latin con-.

coadoption is joint adoption, coadapt is to adapt together, coanalysis is analysis together

Together: the root word is done co-incidently.

Jointly: the root verb is done in coordination between multiple actors or entities

coassemble is to assemble along with others, coadhesion is adhesion along with another material, coadsorb is to be adsorbed along with another substance. Here there is not an indication of intentional coordination.

Along with: the root verb is done along with or in addition to others.

coadherence is mutual adherence, coattraction is mutual attraction, coannihilate is to annihilate each other. Unlike the sense of jointly where it is done by both, this sense indicates it is being both to each other.

Mutually: the root is done in a way that is reciprocal and bidirectional.

cobirthing is simultaneous bringing into being, cosexual is being able to simultaneously reproduce as both female and male, cocluster is a simultaneous cluster of rows and columns, coagglutination is the simultaneous agglutination of two or more proteins or antigens. This sense emphasizes the temporal aspect.

Simultaneously, done or able to do at the same time.

cocirculate is to circulate together, coarctate is arctated together, coattend is to attend together.

Spatially located or positioned together, co-located.

coantioxidant is a material that has antioxidant activity in the presence of another, codepletion is the depletion of one substance in conjunction with the depletion of another, comedication is a second medication used to alleviate the side-effects of another

In conjunction: the root needs another entity to take effect, or there is a one-way interaction between them.

coflowing is flowing in the same direction, cocurrent is of or pertaining to flow in the same direction, coalign is to align together

Moving or oriented in the same direction; co-directional.

co-corrections is the housing together of male and female prisoners, co-educate is to educate children of both sexes together

Gender-mixed; having men and women together for the root activity or location.

coadministrator is a joint administrator, coassessor is a joint assessor, cocaptain is a joint captain

Having commonality, similarity with respect to the root.

co-sister is one's spouse's sibling's wife, co-parent-in-law is a parent of one's child-in-law; co-husband is in a polyandrous marriage, another husband of a man’s wife

Indicating a family relationship that indicates a common rank made through three degrees of separation, the middle of which is by marriage.

cointense is equal in intensity, codominant is equally dominant, coextension is being equally extended

Equally, equal with respect to the root.

cocharacter is a homomorphism of a character, cofree is homomorphic and free, cohyponormal is homomorphic and hyponormal

(mathematics) Homomorphic with respect to the root.

coseasonal is during a season, coseismic is during an earthquake, cotemporality is the state or characteristic of existing or occurring during the same period of time

During the same time period as the root.

coaxial is having a common central axis, cobelligerent is country that wages war against a common enemy, without the countries on the same side having a formal treaty of military alliance, coaltitude is the same altitude as that of another aircraft

coaltitude is the complement of an altitude, colatitude is the complement, in spherical coordinates, of a latitude (the difference between a latitude and 90°, cocategory is the dual of a category, coarea is the dual of the area

coaccused is one of two or more people accused of the same offence, coaccumulation is the accumulation of two or more materials at the same time, coadsorption is the adsorption of multiple substances at the same time

Having multiple targets or effects; the root affects or involves multiple subjects.

copilot is a backup or assistant pilot of an aircraft, coabuser is someone who collaborates with or refrains from interfering with an abuser in perpetrating abuse, cofeature is an auxiliary or secondary feature, coname is a secondary name

Secondary or auxiliary in rank or priority.

coglucosidase is a coenzyme that activates a glucosidase, coprotease is a protease coenzyme, codehydrogenase is any dehydrogenase coenzyme

codimer is any dimeric copolymer, copolypeptide is any polypeptide that is a copolymer, comonomer is any of a group of monomers that, when polymerized, form a copolymer

(organic chemistry) Referring to copolymers.

copolymer is a polymer derived from more than one species of monomer, cointercalation is the intercalation of two or more materials, coconformation is the joint conformation of two, interacting molecules, especially that of a rotaxane

(chemistry) Deriving from multiple sources.


co-

co- (mutation mutation-radical)
cho- (lenition mutation)
go- (eclipsis mutation)


co-

co- + dzienny → codzienny (“daily”)

co- + godzinny → cogodzinny (“hourly”)

co- + miesięczny → comiesięczny (“monthly”)

co- + roczny → coroczny (“yearly”)

forms adjectives and adverbs specifying how often something happens: -ly


co-

Usually (but not always) designates mutuality or reciprocity.


cosmo-

From Ancient Greek κόσμος (kósmos, “universe”).


cosmo-

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κόσμος (kósmos, “universe”).


cosmo-

From cosmos, from Ancient Greek κόσμος (kósmos, “universe”).


chemo-

Back-formation from compounds built on New Latin chēmicus (“pertaining to alchemy or chemistry”) and chēmia (“chemistry”), ultimately of Ancient Greek origin.

der

Relating to or using chemicals or chemistry.

chemo-

relating to or using chemicals or chemistry


chemo-

chemo- + autotrofia → chemoautotrofia


ぶん

Sandhi of 打ち (buchi, “hitting”), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 打つ (butsu, “to hit, to strike”).
The buchi- becomes bun- when prefixing a verb that starts with an n or m sound.

ぶん殴る

to whale on someone or something, to slug or wallop someone or something

ぶん回し: a compass

device for drawing circles or measuring; archaic


ずい

Unknown. Possibly from 髄 (zui, “bone marrow”); compare the sense development that led to the senses “something straight; an exact direction, an immediate area” for reading 髄 (zun).
First appears in the early 1500s.

(archaic) exactly that, directly or immediately that


pale-

Alternative form of paleo- used before vowels.


palae-

Alternative form of palaeo- before a vowel


é

marker of speech act participant involvement, but speaker is not actor.


ch-

chumba

kitu chema

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki class_((VII))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix used before a vowel in certain words


ch-

ewü (first-person pronoun)
y- (first-person)
ü- (first-person)
u- (first-person)
w- (agent first-person transitive)
w- (agent-like first-person intransitive)
wi- (agent first-person transitive)
wi- (agent-like first-person intransitive)
küwü (dual first-person inclusive pronoun)
k- (agent-like dual first-person inclusive intransitive patient-like)
k- (direct-object dual first-person inclusive postpositional)
k- (dual first-person inclusive patient transitive)
k- (dual first-person inclusive possessive)
k- (dual first-person inclusive series-ii-verb-argument)
kü- (agent-like dual first-person inclusive intransitive patient-like)
kü- (direct-object dual first-person inclusive postpositional)
kü- (dual first-person inclusive patient transitive)
kü- (dual first-person inclusive possessive)
kü- (dual first-person inclusive series-ii-verb-argument)
ku- (agent-like dual first-person inclusive intransitive patient-like)
ku- (direct-object dual first-person inclusive postpositional)
ku- (dual first-person inclusive patient transitive)
ku- (dual first-person inclusive possessive)
ku- (dual first-person inclusive series-ii-verb-argument)
ki- (agent-like dual first-person inclusive intransitive patient-like)
ki- (direct-object dual first-person inclusive postpositional)
ki- (dual first-person inclusive patient transitive)
ki- (dual first-person inclusive possessive)
ki- (dual first-person inclusive series-ii-verb-argument)
k- (agent dual first-person inclusive series-ii-verb-argument transitive)
kii- (agent dual first-person inclusive series-ii-verb-argument transitive)
ki- (agent dual first-person inclusive series-ii-verb-argument transitive)
amödö (pronoun second-person)
ö- (direct-object postpositional second-person)
ö- (intransitive patient-like second-person)
ö- (patient second-person transitive)
ö- (possessive second-person)
ö- (second-person series-ii-verb-argument)
öy- (direct-object postpositional second-person)
öy- (intransitive patient-like second-person)
öy- (patient second-person transitive)
öy- (possessive second-person)
öy- (second-person series-ii-verb-argument)
ödh- (direct-object postpositional second-person)
ödh- (intransitive patient-like second-person)
ödh- (patient second-person transitive)
ödh- (possessive second-person)
ödh- (second-person series-ii-verb-argument)
o- (direct-object postpositional second-person)
o- (intransitive patient-like second-person)
o- (patient second-person transitive)
o- (possessive second-person)
o- (second-person series-ii-verb-argument)
oy- (direct-object postpositional second-person)
oy- (intransitive patient-like second-person)
oy- (patient second-person transitive)
oy- (possessive second-person)
oy- (second-person series-ii-verb-argument)
odh- (direct-object postpositional second-person)
odh- (intransitive patient-like second-person)
odh- (patient second-person transitive)
odh- (possessive second-person)
odh- (second-person series-ii-verb-argument)
a- (direct-object postpositional second-person)
a- (intransitive patient-like second-person)
a- (patient second-person transitive)
a- (possessive second-person)
a- (second-person series-ii-verb-argument)
ay- (direct-object postpositional second-person)
ay- (intransitive patient-like second-person)
ay- (patient second-person transitive)
ay- (possessive second-person)
ay- (second-person series-ii-verb-argument)
adh- (direct-object postpositional second-person)
adh- (intransitive patient-like second-person)
adh- (patient second-person transitive)
adh- (possessive second-person)
adh- (second-person series-ii-verb-argument)
m- (agent second-person series-ii-verb-argument transitive)
m- (agent-like intransitive second-person series-ii-verb-argument)
mi- (agent second-person series-ii-verb-argument transitive)
mi- (agent-like intransitive second-person series-ii-verb-argument)
nña (dual exclusive first-person pronoun)
y- (dual exclusive first-person)
dh- (dual exclusive first-person)
ch- (dual exclusive first-person)
i- (dual exclusive first-person)
chö- (direct-object dual exclusive first-person postpositional)
n- (agent dual exclusive first-person series-ii-verb-argument transitive)
n- (agent-like dual exclusive first-person intransitive patient-like series-ii-verb-argument)
ni- (agent dual exclusive first-person series-ii-verb-argument transitive)
ni- (agent-like dual exclusive first-person intransitive patient-like series-ii-verb-argument)
tüwü (pronoun third-person)
y- (third-person)
dh- (third-person)
ch- (third-person)
i- (third-person)
chö- (direct-object postpositional third-person)
n- (patient series-ii-verb-argument third-person transitive)
ni- (patient series-ii-verb-argument third-person transitive)
n- (agent series-ii-verb-argument third-person transitive)
n- (agent-like intransitive patient-like series-ii-verb-argument third-person)
ni- (agent series-ii-verb-argument third-person transitive)
ni- (agent-like intransitive patient-like series-ii-verb-argument third-person)
tüwü (distant-past past pronoun)
kün- (agent distant-past past patient series-ii-verb-argument transitive)
kün- (agent-like distant-past intransitive past patient-like series-ii-verb-argument)
kun- (agent distant-past past patient series-ii-verb-argument transitive)
kun- (agent-like distant-past intransitive past patient-like series-ii-verb-argument)
kin- (agent distant-past past patient series-ii-verb-argument transitive)
kin- (agent-like distant-past intransitive past patient-like series-ii-verb-argument)
ken- (agent distant-past past patient series-ii-verb-argument transitive)
ken- (agent-like distant-past intransitive past patient-like series-ii-verb-argument)
küm- (agent distant-past past patient series-ii-verb-argument transitive)
küm- (agent-like distant-past intransitive past patient-like series-ii-verb-argument)
kum- (agent distant-past past patient series-ii-verb-argument transitive)
kum- (agent-like distant-past intransitive past patient-like series-ii-verb-argument)
kim- (agent distant-past past patient series-ii-verb-argument transitive)
kim- (agent-like distant-past intransitive past patient-like series-ii-verb-argument)
kini- (agent distant-past past patient series-ii-verb-argument transitive)
kini- (agent-like distant-past intransitive past patient-like series-ii-verb-argument)
t- (direct-object postpositional reflexive)
t- (possessive reflexive)
t- (reflexive series-ii-verb-argument)
tü- (direct-object postpositional reflexive)
tü- (possessive reflexive)
tü- (reflexive series-ii-verb-argument)
tu- (direct-object postpositional reflexive)
tu- (possessive reflexive)
tu- (reflexive series-ii-verb-argument)
ti- (direct-object postpositional reflexive)
ti- (possessive reflexive)
ti- (reflexive series-ii-verb-argument)
te- (direct-object postpositional reflexive)
te- (possessive reflexive)
te- (reflexive series-ii-verb-argument)
öö- (agent patient reciprocal transitive)
öö- (agent-like intransitive patient-like reciprocal)
öö- (direct-object postpositional reciprocal)
mön- (agent first-person object-second-person patient transitive)
man- (agent first-person object-second-person patient transitive)
mon- (agent first-person object-second-person patient transitive)
möm- (agent first-person object-second-person patient transitive)
möni- (agent first-person object-second-person patient transitive)
mön- (agent dual exclusive first-person object-second-person patient transitive)
man- (agent dual exclusive first-person object-second-person patient transitive)
mon- (agent dual exclusive first-person object-second-person patient transitive)
möm- (agent dual exclusive first-person object-second-person patient transitive)
möni- (agent dual exclusive first-person object-second-person patient transitive)
k- (agent object-first-person patient second-person transitive)
kü- (agent object-first-person patient second-person transitive)
ku- (agent object-first-person patient second-person transitive)
ki- (agent object-first-person patient second-person transitive)
k- (agent object-dual object-exclusive object-first-person patient second-person transitive)
kü- (agent object-dual object-exclusive object-first-person patient second-person transitive)
ku- (agent object-dual object-exclusive object-first-person patient second-person transitive)
ki- (agent object-dual object-exclusive object-first-person patient second-person transitive)

Allomorph of y- (third-person prefix) used for stems that begin with a vowel ö.


Greco-

Greco-Roman wrestling is an Olympic sport bringing back the style of the Ancient Greeks and Roman physicality.

Greek, often in reference to ancient Greece.


eka-

(chemistry) Used to form prototype names for as-yet undiscovered elements, when prepended to the known element above them in the same group of the periodic table.


eka-

From Malay eka-, from Sanskrit एक (eka).


eka-

From Sanskrit एक (eka), from Proto-Indo-Iranian, from Proto-Indo-European *óykos, Proto-Indo-European *óynos, Proto-Indo-European *óywos.


chlor-

Form of chloro- used mainly before a vowel.


cyclo-

cyclorama, cyclometer

cyclohexane


cyclo-

From Ancient Greek κύκλος (kúklos, “circle”).


geno-

From the stem of Ancient Greek γένος (génos, “race, kind”), also Ancient Greek γεννάω (gennáō, “to produce”) and
From Latin gēns (“tribe, clan”).


geno-

Internationalism (see English geno-), ultimately from Ancient Greek γένος (génos).


hydr-

Alternative form of hydro- used before a vowel.


hydr-

Alternative form of hydro-, used before a vowel


carb-

Alternative form of carbo- used before a vowel.


carbo-

carbide, carbohydrate

(inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry) Representing carbon, carbonic, carbonyl, carbonylic, carboxyl or carboxylic.


tox-

Alternative form of toxi- before a vowel


oxo-

(organic chemistry) Having a methylene group replaced by a carbonyl group.


lepto-

Borrowed from Ancient Greek λεπτός (leptós, “thin”).


bez-

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bez-.
*IPA⁽ᵏᵉʸ⁾: /ˈbɛz/


bez-

Polish: bez-

Silesian: bez-

bez- + prawo → bezprawny


bez-

bez- + sens → bezsens

bez- + nadzieja → beznadziejny

bez- + gluten → bezglutenowy


bez-

-less, prefix appended to adjectives to create an adjective denoting a deprivation of a feature


bez-

bez- + prawo → bezprawny


vaso-

(medicine, pathology) Pertaining to blood vessels or the vascular system.

vaso-

pertaining to blood vessels or the vascular system


vaso-

(medicine, pathology) vaso- (pertaining to blood vessels or the vascular system)


hydro-

From Ancient Greek ὑδρο- (hudro-), from ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”).


hydro-

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὑδρο- (hudro-), from ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”).


hydro-

Internationalism (see English hydro-), ultimately from Ancient Greek ὑδρο- (hudro-).


hydro-

hydro- + -logia → hydrologia


zinco-

(chemistry) containing, or combined with, or using zinc


phosph-

(chemistry) Alternative form of phospho-; used before a vowel.


nitr-

(organic chemistry) Alternative form of nitro- used before a vowel.


nitr-

(organic chemistry) alternative form of nitro- (“containing nitrogen”), used before a vowel


cupro-

(inorganic chemistry) of or pertaining to copper.


télé-

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τῆλε (têle, “far away”).


uran-

(chemistry) A form of urano- used before a vowel.


sulph-

(chemistry, UK) Alternative spelling of sulf-


sulf-

(chemistry) Alternative form of sulfo-; used before a vowel.


sulpho-

(UK, chemistry) Alternative spelling of sulfo-


post-

Latin post (“after, behind”). Cognate with Spanish pues (“well, so, then”)


post-

pos-

before t, or before any consonant in commonly used words

forms terms relating to post / mail (especially in Swiss Italian)


ver-

From Dutch ver-, a merger of two Middle Dutch prefixes:
* Middle Dutch er-, an unstressed variant of or- (modern oor- from Dutch oor-, not from Dutch over), from Old Dutch ur-, from Proto-Germanic *uz-.
* Middle Dutch ver-, from Old Dutch fir-, itself from a merger of Proto-Germanic *firi-, *furi-, *fra- and other similar particles.

to do or to become what the stem (following this prefix) refers to

used to indicate that the action (referred to by the stem) has a negative connotation (for the direct object of the stem)

to move or change in the manner specified by the stem


ver-

Afrikaans: ver-

Javindo: fer-

Sranan Tongo: fer-, fru-, fri-

The result of a merger of two Middle Dutch prefixes:
* Middle Dutch er-, an unstressed variant of ur-, or- (modern oor-), from Old Dutch ur-, ir-, from Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *uz-.
* Middle Dutch ver-, from Old Dutch fir-, far-, itself from a mixture of Proto-Germanic *firi-, *furi-, *fra- and other similar particles.
The first origin is cognate with Old High German ur-, ir- (German ur-, er-), Old English ā-, Gothic 𐌿𐌶- (uz-).
The second origin is cognate with Old English for- (English for-), Old High German fir-, far- (German ver-), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂- (fair-), 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂- (faur-), 𐍆𐍂𐌰- (fra-).

ver- + minder (“less, fewer”) → verminderen (“to reduce”)

ver- + werpen (“to throw”) → verwerpen (“to reject”)

ver- + oordelen (“judge”) → veroordelen (“to condemn”)

ver- + deel (“a part”) → verdelen (“to split into parts”)


ver-

A contraction of older van der (“of the”), which is also common in surnames.

A prefix found as part of surnames, found mainly in the southern Netherlands and in Belgium.


ver-

From Old Norse verr, from Proto-Germanic *weraz, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós. Cognate with English were-.


ver-

alternative standard; much more common, except when provided with emphatic stress

From Middle High German ver-, from Old High German far-, from a mixture of Proto-Germanic *firi-, *fra-, *furi- and other similar particles. Cognate with English for-, Dutch ver-, Yiddish פֿאַר־ (far-), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂- (fair-), 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂- (faur-), 𐍆𐍂𐌰- (fra-), Latin per-.

vergeben (“to forgive”)

ver- + lieben (“to love”) → sich verlieben (“to fall in love”)

ver- + urteilen (“to pronounce judgement”) → verurteilen (“to convict”)

Inseparable verbal prefix that denotes a transition of the object into a state, which is indicated by the stem.

ver- + laufen (“to walk”) → sich verlaufen (“to get lost”)

ver- + zählen (“to count”) → sich verzählen (“to miscount”)

ver- + gießen (“to pour”) → vergießen (“to spill”)

Inseparable verbal prefix indicating a faulty action.

ver- + prassen → verprassen

ver- + zocken → verzocken

ver- + ballern → verballern

Inseparable verbal prefix that denotes losing something (money, resources etc.) by way of doing something indicated by the stem


ver-

Dutch: ver-

From Old Dutch far-, for-, fer-, from a merger of Proto-Germanic *firi-, *fur-, *fra-.

Forms verbs indicating change away from a state.

Forms verbs indicating a more thorough action.


magneto-

Derived from Ancient Greek μαγνῆτις (magnêtis).

der+

magneto- + wid → magnetowid


dichlor-

(chemistry) Alternative form of dichloro- used mainly before a vowel.


calcio-

Borrowed from Latin calx (“limestone, chalk”).


per-

(non-productive) In verbs: denoting the sense "through", as in perforate.

(non-productive) In verbs: denoting the sense "thoroughly", as in perfect.

(non-productive) In verbs: denoting the sense "to destruction", as in pervert.

(non-productive) In adjectives and adverbs: denoting the sense "extremely", as in perfervid.

(chemistry) Forming nouns and adjectives denoting the maximum proportion of one element in a compound, as in peroxide.

(chemistry) Added to the name of an element in a polyatomic ion to denote the number of atoms of that element (usually four).


per-

Borrowed from Old French per (modern French par).

(non-productive) Denoting the sense "by" or "per", as in perchance or perhaps.


per-

perguapu

perblancu

perbién

perlloñe

used to make superlatives of adjectives and adverbs


per-

per- + labori (“to work”) → perlabori (“to earn”)

per- + ludi (“to play”) → perludi (“to win”)

per- + flati (“to flatter”) → perflati (“to coax”)

denotes that the action expressed by the root becomes a means to attain a goal


per-

head

pêr (non-active/imperative/basic per-, active memper-, passive diper-)

pêr (canonical)
memper- (active)
diper- (passive)

Inherited from Malay per-, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paʀ. Cognate with Tagalog pag-.

per- + buat (“to do [something]”) → perbuat (“do [something]”)

causative voice imperative mood intransitive verb prefix of a transitive verb

per- + besar (“big”) → perbesar (“make bigger something big”)

causative voice imperative mood intransitive verb prefix of an adjective

per- + istri (“wife”) → peristri (“take as wife, marry”)

imperative mood transitive verb of a noun: treat the object as [base], take the object as [base]

per- + ajar (“to teach”) → pelajar (“learner”)

per- + kerja (“to work”) → pekerja (“worker”)

nominal patient used to form nouns from verbs conjugated with ber-

per- + dua (“two”) → perdua


per-

From Proto-Italic *peri-. Related to per (“through”).

magnus (“great, large”) → permagnus (“very great, very large”)

multī (“many”) → permultī (“very many”)

Used to make adjectives or verbs that are "very" something.

Used to form verbs that are intensive or completive, conveying the idea of doing something all the way through or entirely.


per-

Indonesian: per-

From Proto-Austronesian *paR- (“divide into x (x = numeral)”).

inh

Perlawanan

Satu perdua

40 km per jam


per-

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: пере- (pere-)

Old Ruthenian: пере- (pere-)

Belarusian: пера- (pjera-)

Ukrainian: пере- (pere-)

Russian: пере- (pere-)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

desc

Old Cyrillic script: пре- (pre-), прѣ- (prě-)

Glagolitic script: ⱂⱃⰵ- (pre-), ⱂⱃⱑ- (prě-)

Bulgarian: пре- (pre-)

Macedonian: пре- (pre-)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пре-, прије-

Latin script: pre-, prije-

Slovene: pre-

West Slavic:

Czech: pře-

desctree

partially from <i class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro">*pro-</i>

Old Polish: prze- (partially from *pro-)
Polish: prze-
Silesian: prze-

Slovak: pre-

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: pśe-

Upper Sorbian: pře-

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: prze-

Slovincian: przê-

Non-Slavic:

→ Romanian: prea-

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *per, from Proto-Indo-European *per-.


chromo-

From Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khrôma, “color”).

quantum chromodynamics
quantum chromodynamics

(physics, quantum chromodynamics) color; property of quarks and gluons that is related to the particles' strong interactions in the theory of quantum chromodynamics


chromo-

Ultimately grom Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khrôma, “color”).


chromo-

chromo- + -gen → chromogen


kok

kok + si → koksi (“fishing basket”)

Categorizing prefix for types of baskets


phil-

From combining form of Ancient Greek φίλος (phílos, “beloved, dear”), φιλέω (philéō, “to love”), of unknown origin.


על

Root
 ע־ל־ה (ʿ-l-h)
Cognate to Arabic عَلَى (ʕalā), Ge'ez ላዕለ (laʿlä), Maltese għal.

מִשְׁפָּחָה (mishpakhá, “family”) → עַל־מִשְׁפָּחָה (ʿál-mishpakhá, “superfamily”)

יַבֶּשֶׁת (yabéshet, “continent”) → יַבֶּשֶׁת־עַל (yabéshet-ʿál, “supercontinent”)

טִבְעִי (tiv'í, “natural”) → עַל־טִבְעִי (ʿál-tiv'í, “supernatural”)


בר

he-prefix

בַּר • (bar)

From Aramaic בַּר (bar), singular construct form of בְּרָא (bərā, “son”). Doublet of בֵּן (bēn).

מַזָּל (mazál, “luck”) → בַּר־מַזָּל (bár-mazál, “lucky”)

הַשָּׂגָה (hasagá, “achieving”) → בַּר־הַשָּׂגָה (bár-hasagá, “achievable”)

דַּעַת (dá'at, “knowledge”) → בַּר־דַּעַת (bár-dá'at, “knowledgeable”)


ferri-

Coordinate term: ferro-

(chemistry) ferric:
Iron (the metal).
Iron of oxidation number 3.


ferri-

ferribromidi

ferrihydroksidi

ferrioksalaatti

ferri-, ferric, iron(III) oxide- (of compounds of iron in which it has a valence or oxidation number of 3)


nomino-

(grammar) Pertaining to the nominative case.


thio-

From Ancient Greek θεῖον (theîon, “sulfur”).

Chalcogen analogues of monocarboxylic acids with retained names may also be named by placing the prefix ‘thio’, ‘seleno’, or ‘telluro’ in front of the name of the acid.

2013, Henri A. Favre and Warren H. Powell, eds., Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry, 765

(chemistry) containing sulfur, especially a compound in which oxygen has been replaced by this element


thio-

From Ancient Greek θεῖον (theîon, “Sulfur”).


oligo-

From Ancient Greek ὀλίγος (olígos, “few”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ligos (“poor, miserable”).


oligo-

Derived from Ancient Greek ὀλίγος (olígos, “few”).


oligo-

From Ancient Greek ὀλίγος (olígos, “few”).


oligo-

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὀλίγος (olígos, “few”).


cupr-

(inorganic chemistry) Alternative form of cupro- (before a vowel)


demo-

From Ancient Greek δῆμος (dêmos, “people”).

e.g. democracy, demolatry, demonym

e.g. demogenetics, demography, demology

e.g. demographer, demolinguistic, demoeconomic


demo-

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δῆμος (dêmos, “people”).


archeo-

archeo- + -logia → archeologia


저

저— (canonical)
jeo- (romanization)
低 (hanja)

저(低) (jeo-) + 소득(所得) (sodeuk, “income”) → 저소득(低所得) (jeosodeuk, “low-income”)

the hanja entry at 低 for Sino-Korean compounds of 저


Graeco-

From Latin Graecus, Graeco-; equivalent to Greek + -o-.


sym-

From Ancient Greek συμ- (sum-), variant of συν- (sun-), from σύν (sún, “with, in company with, together with”).

variant of syn-, used before the letters b, m and p.


sym-

Alternative form of syn-, used before labials


xanth-

Alternative form of xantho- before a vowel


xantho-

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ξᾰνθός (xanthós, “yellow”).


hygro-

From the Ancient Greek ὑγρός (hugrós, “wet”, “moist”).


hygro-

From Ancient Greek ὑγρός (hugrós, “wet”, “moist”).


pleuro-

pleurogenic, pleuropericarditis

(medicine) Of or pertaining to the pleura; pleural.

pleurocentrum


glosso-

From Ancient Greek γλῶσσᾰ (glôssa, “tongue; language”) + -o-.

af

glossopharyngeal

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the tongue.

glossolalia

(linguistics) Of or pertaining to language or speech.


omo-

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὦμος (ômos, “the shoulder”).

bor

(anatomy) Of or pertaining to the shoulder and scapula.


omo-

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὠμός (ōmós, “raw, crude”).


omo-

From Ancient Greek ὁμός (homós, “same”).


is-

head

is- (except before s ish-, class I second-person singular)

-li (before-consonant before-s before-vowel first-person singular)
sa- (before-consonant before-front-vowel first-person singular)
si- (before-back-vowel first-person singular)
a̱- (before-consonant first-person singular)
am- (before-vowel first-person singular)
ak- (before-consonant before-vowel first-person singular)
n (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative singular)
a (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative singular)
-li (before-consonant before-s before-vowel first-person medial singular)
sa- (before-consonant before-front-vowel first-person medial singular)
si- (before-back-vowel first-person medial singular)
-sa- (before-consonant first-person medial singular)
-sam- (before-vowel first-person medial singular)
ak- (before-consonant before-vowel first-person medial singular)
n (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative medial singular)
a (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative medial singular)
ī- (before-consonant before-s first-person paucal)
il- (before-vowel first-person paucal)
pi- (before-back-vowel before-consonant before-front-vowel first-person paucal)
pi̱- (before-consonant first-person paucal)
pim- (before-vowel first-person paucal)
kī- (before-consonant first-person paucal)
kil- (before-vowel first-person paucal)
n (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative paucal)
a (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative paucal)
ī- (before-consonant before-s first-person plural)
il- (before-vowel first-person plural)
hapi- (before-back-vowel before-consonant before-front-vowel first-person plural)
hapi̱- (before-consonant first-person plural)
hapim- (before-vowel first-person plural)
kī- (before-consonant first-person plural)
kil- (before-vowel first-person plural)
n (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative plural)
a (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative plural)
is- (before-s second-person singular)
ish- (before-consonant before-vowel second-person singular)
chi- (before-back-vowel before-consonant before-front-vowel second-person singular)
chi̱- (before-consonant second-person singular)
chim- (before-vowel second-person singular)
chik- (before-consonant before-vowel second-person singular)
has- (before-s plural second-person)
hash- (before-consonant before-vowel plural second-person)
hachi- (before-back-vowel before-consonant before-front-vowel plural second-person)
hachi̱- (before-consonant plural second-person)
hachim- (before-vowel plural second-person)
hachik- (before-consonant before-vowel plural second-person)
ho- (before-consonant imperative plural second-person)
oh- (before-vowel imperative plural second-person)
i̱- (before-consonant third-person)
im- (before-vowel third-person)
ik- (before-consonant before-vowel third-person)

you, thou

the subject of an active transitive verb

you, thou

the subject of an intransitive active verb

the subject of a negative imperative verb
Sakopōlih! → Issakopōlinna!
Bite me! → Don't bite me!


is-

is- (mutation mutation-radical)
his- (mutation prothesis-h)

is- + arlywydd (“president”) → is-arlywydd (“vice-president”)

is- + deddf (“law”) → is-ddeddf (“byelaw”)

is- + rhywogaeth (“species”) → isrywogaeth (“subspecies”)

is- + teitl (“title”) → isteitl (“subtitle”)

lower, deputy, lieutenant, sub-, vice-, under-, by-


קדם

he-prefix

קְדַם־ • (kdám-)

From the root Proto-Semitic *q-d-m (“to precede, come before”). Compare Arabic قَدَمَ (qadama) and Classical Syriac ܩܕܡ.


ac-

From Old English āc (“oak”) (but not part of the etymology of acorn).


ac-

* Around 1500 the c was added to some versions of the a- prefix.
* From Middle English a-, from Old French a-, from Latin ad- (“to, toward”).

ac- + company → accompany

ac- + knowledge → acknowledge


ac-

Occurs when ad- is prefixed to a word beginning with the letter c or q (accēdō, acceptō, accessiō, acquiēscō, etc.)


장

장— (canonical)
jang- (romanization)
長 (hanja)

the hanja entry at 長 for Sino-Korean compounds of 장

장거리 (長距離)

장기간 (長期間)


다

다— (canonical)
da- (romanization)
多 (hanja)

다목적 (多目的)

다용도 (多用途)

the hanja entry at 多 for Sino-Korean compounds of 다


유

유— (canonical)
yu- (romanization)
有 (hanja)

Sino-Korean word from 有, from the Middle Korean reading 유 (Yale: yu).

유의미 (有意味)

유자격 (有資格)

there is..., having...; a prefix indicating the existence of something

the hanja entry at 有 for Sino-Korean compounds of 유


brom-

(organic chemistry) Alternative form of bromo- (before a vowel)


brom-

(organic chemistry) Alternative form of bromo- (“containing bromine”), used before a vowel


apo-

From the Ancient Greek prefix ἀπό- (apó-), from the preposition ἀπό (apó, “from, away from”), from the Proto-Indo-European *h₂epo (“off, away”), whence the English words off and of, and ab- (via Latin). Doublet of ab- and off-.

der

aporeceptor is a receptor that targets apoproteins or apolipoproteins, apoflavoprotein is the apoprotein of a flavoprotein, apomucin is the apoprotein of a mucin

(biochemistry) An apoenzyme: an enzyme without its cofactor; associated apoproteins.

apoglobin is a form of a globin that lacks a heme unit, apomyoglobin is a form of myoglobin that lacks a heme unit, apometalloprotein is the form of a metalloprotein that lacks the coordinated metal atom

Lacking, without, scant.
(biochemistry) Lacking a metallic unit.

Lacking, without, scant.
Lacking a metallic unit.

apotracheal is not associated with vascular tracheids, apogeotropic is opposite to geotropic

aponeurosis is a connective tissue that is sparingly supplied with blood vessels and nerves, apomeiosis is a suppressed meiosis, apogamy is asexual reproduction of a fully formed plant directly from a bud (without sexual reproduction)

apotemnophobia is a fear of amputation, apotemnophilia is a compulsion to become an amputee, apophallation is the biting off of the penis that occurs in some animals during or after mating

Away from, outward, or apart in direction.

apocarpous is having carpels that are not joined, aposepalous is having multiple, distinct sepals, apopetalous is having distinct or free petals

apomedication is the nonmedical use of a material (typically cannabis) that also has a medical use, apomorph is an organism existing in an evolutionary state that represents a morphological change as compared to a previous state

aposematism is coloration that warns off potential predators, apoplast is the space outside of a plant's plasma membrane through which water and soluble nutrients are transported across a tissue or organ

apocentromeric is away from a centromere, apheliotropic is turning away from the sun, apophlegmatic is designed to facilitate discharges of phlegm or mucus from the mouth or nostrils, apopyle is a pore through which water passes out of a sponge, apophysis is a natural outgrowth

apology as an account or story (logos) that comes from/off the speaker, apocrypha as coming from hidden writing (krpyha), apodeme is attaching from the dema

apoharmine is an alkaloid, C8H8N2, derived from harmic acid, that behaves similarly to harmine, but that has greater solubility in water, apocodeine is an alkaloid with chemical formula C18H19NO2, prepared from codeine, with effects like those of apomorphine, apomorphine is a crystalline morphine derivative that is a dopamine agonist, used as an emetic and is injected subcutaneously in the form of its hydrochloride C17H17NO2·HCl·1/2H2O to treat episodes of immobility associated with advanced Parkinson's disease

(organic chemisty) Derived from, or related to.

From, coming from.
Derived from, or related to.

apocentric is the point in an orbit which is furthest from the orbited body, apocenter is the furthest point of an astronomical object in an elliptical orbit to its center of attraction, apastron is the point of greatest separation between a celestial object and the star which it orbits

Distant, far from, or apart in position.

apoposeidion is apoapsis around Neptune, apouranion is apoapsis around Uranus, apocytherion is apoapsis around Venus

(astronomy) Apoapsis: the point of a body's elliptical orbit about the system's centre of mass where the distance between the body and the centre of mass is at its maximum.

apophyte is a plant growing in disturbed land far from its usual home, apomecometry is the art of measuring the distance of far-off objects

approportionate is to render proportionate, apoplexy is to have a stroke (plexis: to strike), apotheosis is to become godlike (theosis)


apo-

→ Indonesian: xxx


apo-

From Dutch apo-, from Ancient Greek ἀπό- (apó-), the preposition of ἀπό (apó, “from, away from”), from the Proto-Indo-European *h₂epo (“off, away”).


apo-

From the Ancient Greek prefix ἀπό- (apó-), from the preposition ἀπό (apó, “from, away from”), from the Proto-Indo-European *h₂epo (“off, away”). Doublet of av.


apo-

apo- + -graf → apograf


apo-

(chemistry) apo- (derived from, or related to)

(biochemistry) apo- (the apoprotein form of the protein)


terato-

From Ancient Greek τέρας (téras, “monster”). Doublet of tera-.

(medicine) Pertaining to birth defects and similar abnormalities.

teiriti-

pertaining to birth defects and similar abnormalities


terato-

Internationalism (see English terato-), ultimately from Ancient Greek τέρας (téras).


암

Of native Korean origin. From Middle Korean 아ᇡ (Yale: amh). The final h leaves traces in fossilized compounds, changing following consonants into aspirated consonants, when possible, such as 암컷 (amkeot), 암캐 (amkae) or 암탉 (amtak).


ぐう

ぐうかわ

ぐうの音も出ない ぐうの音も出ない#Japanese

(slang) Contraction of ぐうの音も出ない (gū no ne mo denai).


ti-

Subject prefix for verbs; indicates that the subject is first person plural: we.

Subject prefix for verbs; indicates that the subject is second person singular: you; thou.


ti-

Demonstratives of European languages in t, such as English (this, that, there, thus, then), French (tel, tant), Polish (ten), Russian (те, то, так, там, такой, тогда). Note also German (dies, den).

this-, that-. (Demonstrative correlative prefix.)

tio

that (without a noun); those; plural tioj ()

tiu

that one, that/those (with a noun); those ones; plural tiuj ()


ti-

From Proto-Bantu *jí-, plus augment. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *bì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.


ti-

From Proto-Bantu *jí-. Originally the prefix of class 10, it replaced the class 8 prefix as well.


ti-

Te tiweli tipanu

(personal) you, second-person singular subject marker.

Tiknekit tikwat et

(personal) we, first-person plural subject marker.


ti-

(transitive) First person singular subject + third person singular object.


ti-

Allomorph of t- used for stems that begin with a consonant other than w and have a first vowel i.


schm-

Imitative of many Yiddish words such as schmaltz or schmuck.

Rain, schmain, we've got a game to play.

(chiefly US) Used to form a reduplicated rhyming compound of any word in order to express disparagement, dismissal, or derision.

Issa big schmood.

Look at my big schmeat.

Used to form an intensified word, typically with words starting with m especially for comedic effect.


oo-

From Ancient Greek ᾠο- (ōio-), combining form of ᾠόν (ōión, “egg”). Compare ovi-.


oo-

Internationalism (see English oo-), ultimately from Ancient Greek ᾠόν (ōión).


대

대— (canonical)
dae- (romanization)
大 (hanja)

Sino-Korean word from 大 (“big, great”), from the Middle Korean reading 대 (Yale: tay).


대

대— (canonical)
dae- (romanization)
代 (hanja)

Sino-Korean word from 代 (“to replace; generation”), from the Middle Korean reading ᄃᆡ〯 (Yale: tǒy).

ko-etym-sino

대 (dae) + 딸 (ttal, “jerking off, masturbation”) → 대딸 (daettal, “handjob”)


대

대— (canonical)
dae- (romanization)
對 (hanja)

Sino-Korean word from 對, from the Middle Korean reading ᄃᆡ〯 (Yale: tǒy).

the hanja entry at 對 for Sino-Korean compounds of 대

대국민 사과

미국의 대이란 정책

중국의 대미 전략


ki-

head

kī- (before vowels kil-, class N first-person plural)

kī- (canonical)
kil- (before-vowel)
-li (before-consonant before-s before-vowel first-person singular)
sa- (before-consonant before-front-vowel first-person singular)
si- (before-back-vowel first-person singular)
a̱- (before-consonant first-person singular)
am- (before-vowel first-person singular)
ak- (before-consonant before-vowel first-person singular)
n (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative singular)
a (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative singular)
-li (before-consonant before-s before-vowel first-person medial singular)
sa- (before-consonant before-front-vowel first-person medial singular)
si- (before-back-vowel first-person medial singular)
-sa- (before-consonant first-person medial singular)
-sam- (before-vowel first-person medial singular)
ak- (before-consonant before-vowel first-person medial singular)
n (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative medial singular)
a (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative medial singular)
ī- (before-consonant before-s first-person paucal)
il- (before-vowel first-person paucal)
pi- (before-back-vowel before-consonant before-front-vowel first-person paucal)
pi̱- (before-consonant first-person paucal)
pim- (before-vowel first-person paucal)
kī- (before-consonant first-person paucal)
kil- (before-vowel first-person paucal)
n (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative paucal)
a (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative paucal)
ī- (before-consonant before-s first-person plural)
il- (before-vowel first-person plural)
hapi- (before-back-vowel before-consonant before-front-vowel first-person plural)
hapi̱- (before-consonant first-person plural)
hapim- (before-vowel first-person plural)
kī- (before-consonant first-person plural)
kil- (before-vowel first-person plural)
n (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative plural)
a (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative plural)
is- (before-s second-person singular)
ish- (before-consonant before-vowel second-person singular)
chi- (before-back-vowel before-consonant before-front-vowel second-person singular)
chi̱- (before-consonant second-person singular)
chim- (before-vowel second-person singular)
chik- (before-consonant before-vowel second-person singular)
has- (before-s plural second-person)
hash- (before-consonant before-vowel plural second-person)
hachi- (before-back-vowel before-consonant before-front-vowel plural second-person)
hachi̱- (before-consonant plural second-person)
hachim- (before-vowel plural second-person)
hachik- (before-consonant before-vowel plural second-person)
ho- (before-consonant imperative plural second-person)
oh- (before-vowel imperative plural second-person)
i̱- (before-consonant third-person)
im- (before-vowel third-person)
ik- (before-consonant before-vowel third-person)

let us

we don't

the subject of a negative active transitive verb

we don't

the subject of a negative active intransitive verb


ki-

From interrogative and relative pronouns of European languages, such as French (qui, que, quoi, quel, quand, comment, combien), Italian (che), Russian (кто, как, какой, куда, когда).

wh-, what (interrogative/relative correlative prefix)

kiu

which one, who, which/what (with a noun)


ki-

megy (“to go”) → kimegy (“to exit, to go out”)

(verbal prefix) It indicates actions with outward direction or actions aiming fulfillment.

alszik (“to sleep”) → kialussza magát (“to get enough sleep”)

úszik (“to swim”) → kiússza magát (“to have enough swim”)

beszél (“to speak”) → kibeszéli magát (“to say everything that weighs on one’s mind”)

to one's heart's content
to one's heart's content

construed with magát and definite conjugation of originally intransitive verbs: to one's heart's content, as much as one wants or needs


ki-

Te kikak aka

(personal) it, her, him, third-person singular object marker.


ki-

kitu kizuri

kilema

[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki class_((VII))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix, denoting mostly artefacts (objects made by humans) and people or objects with physical defects

ki- + mtoto (“child”) → kitoto (“baby”)

ki- + mtoto (“child”) → kitoto (“childishly”)

ki- + -shenzi (“barbarous”) → kishenzi (“like a barbarian”)

prefix used to derive adverbs from nouns describing human qualities

ki- + Arabic سَوَاحِل (sawāḥil, “coastal dwellers”) → Kiswahili (“Swahili language”)

ki- + Uingereza (“England”) → Kiingereza (“English language”)

ki- + mapenzi (“love”) → kimapenzi (“romantically”)

[…] mwingiliano wa miaka mingi kibiashara, kijamii na kiutamaduni katika nchi hizi mbili.

2022, Muungano wa Tanganyika na Zanzibar: Chimbuko, Misingi na Maendeleo, Serikali ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania, →ISBN:

[…] many years of interaction, commercially, societally, and culturally, between these two countries.

(prefixed to an entire noun, including its class prefix) adverbial prefix

ki- + juu (“top, surface”) → kijuujuu (“superficially”)

(prefixed to reduplicated locative word) adverbial prefix


ki-

For a full table including first and second person

[…] na kichwa chake kiwazi kilituonyesha nywele zilizochanwa na kupasuliwa njia katikati.

1973, Mohammed S. Abdulla, Duniani kuna watu, page 3:

[…] and his uncovered head showed us combed hair with a middle part.

it, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki class_((VII))]] subject concord

verb-initial form of -ki- (“it, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|ki class_((VII))]] object concord”)


ki-

ki- + -nu (“this, these”) → kinu (“this (class 7)”)

[[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_7|class 7]] pronominal concord

ki- + -kora (“to do”) → kikora (“it (class 7) does”)

it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_7|class 7]] subject concord

ki- + -ha (“to give”) → kiha (“give it (class 7)”)

positive imperative form of -ki- (“it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_7|class 7]] object concord”)


ki-

Allomorph of k- (first-person-dual-inclusive non-transitive-agent prefix) used for stems that begin with a consonant and have a first vowel i.

Allomorph of k- (first-person-dual-inclusive transitive agent prefix) used for stems that begin with two consonants.


내

내— (canonical)
nae- (romanization)
內 (hanja)

내(內) (nae-) + 출혈(出血) (chulhyeol, “bleeding”) → 내출혈(內出血) (naechulhyeol, “internal bleeding”)


wan-

From Middle English wan-, from Old English wan-, from Proto-West Germanic *wana-, from Proto-Germanic *wanaz (“lacking, missing, deficient”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weh₂- (“to be lacking, be empty”).

der

(no longer productive) Preceding nouns and adjectives with the sense “bad”, “un-”.


wan-

From Middle Dutch wan-, from Old Dutch *wan-, from Proto-Germanic *wana-, a prefixing form of *wanaz.

bad, un- (preceding nouns, verbs and adjectives)


wan-

Middle English: wan-, won-

English: wan-

Scots: wan-

From Proto-West Germanic *wana-, from Proto-Germanic *wanaz (“lacking”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weh₂- (“to be lacking, be empty”).


wan-

From Proto-Germanic *wanaz (“lacking”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weh₂- (“to be lacking, be empty”).

Forming nouns and adjectives with the sense privation or negation, ‘lacking, without; un-, wan-’.


wan-

Examples: wanhope, wanrest

Preceding nouns and adjectives with the sense ‘bad, un-’


ĉi-

Inclusive/universal pronouns such as Italian (ciascuno), French (chaque), or English (each)

each-, every-, all-. (Universal correlative prefix.)


neni-

From the negative particle ne and by analogy with negative pronouns in Indo-European languages such as English never, none, German nie, Italian nessuno, Polish nikt, Portuguese nenhum, and Spanish ninguno. The i vowel is common to all correlatives.

no- (negative/relative correlative prefix)


litho-

From Ancient Greek λίθος (líthos, “stone”).


स

From Proto-Indo-European *sm̥- (“whole, all, together (with)”), from the root *sem-.

inh

an inseparable prefix expressing "junction", "conjunction", "possession" (as opposed to a privative), "similarity", "equality"

सकोप (sa-kopa)

साग्नि (sā*gni)

सभार्य (sa-bhārya)

सद्रोण (sa-droṇa) — with a droṇa added to a droṇa

सधर्मन् (sa-dharman)

सवर्ण (sa-varṇa)

having the same colour or appearance, similar, like

when compounded with nouns to form adjectives and adverbs it may be translated by "with", "together or along with", "accompanied by", "added to", "having", "possessing", "containing", "having the same"


hydroxy-

(chemistry) having, or derived from, a hydroxyl radical


iod-

(organic chemistry) Alternative form of iodo-; used mainly before a vowel.


i-

From Middle English i-, y-, ȝe-, from Old English ġe-, from Proto-West Germanic *ga-, from Proto-Germanic *ga-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱó-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“with, near, by, along”). Cognate with Dutch ge-, Low German ge-, je-, e-, German ge-.

der

(obsolete) Used to form past participles of verbs. Alternative spelling of y-


i-

From Latin ī-, assimilated form of in- used before g-.

A form of the prefix in-, used before gn, as in ignoble, ignominy, and ignore.


i-

(Jamaica) Used to transform English words into words used by Rastafarians with a special meaning.


i-

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁én
Proto-Indo-European *h₁entér
Proto-Italic *ənter
Latin inter
Latin inter-bor.
English inter-
Proto-Indo-European *neHd-der.
Proto-Germanic *natją
Proto-West Germanic *nati
Old English nett
Middle English net
English net
Proto-Indo-European *werǵ-
Proto-Indo-European *-om
Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom
Proto-Germanic *werką
Proto-West Germanic *werk
Old English weorc
Middle English werk
English work
English network
English internetwork
English Internet
English i-
From Internet. Popularized in the name of the iMac line of computers (1998).

etymon

i- + pod → iPod

i- + phone → iPhone

i- + Mac → iMac

I-WHAT?! Seems everyone's ripping off the iMac idea. Take this parody ad for the fruity-colored “iBrator” at sleeplessknights.com.

1999 November 1, Melissa August, “Ad Infinitum”, in Time, volume 154, page 39:

In our “iWorld” of new gadgets and cool widgets, help us to ponder the reality that over half of the population on the earth exists on three of our American dollars, or less, a day.

2011, Scotty Smith, Everyday Prayers: 365 Days to a Gospel-Centered Faith, Baker Books, →ISBN, page 178:

Alluding to digital devices and computer programs, especially those that are cutting-edge or fashionable, and those from Apple.


i-

head

ī- (before vowels il-, class I first-person plural)

ī- (canonical)
il- (before-vowel)
-li (before-consonant before-s before-vowel first-person singular)
sa- (before-consonant before-front-vowel first-person singular)
si- (before-back-vowel first-person singular)
a̱- (before-consonant first-person singular)
am- (before-vowel first-person singular)
ak- (before-consonant before-vowel first-person singular)
n (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative singular)
a (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative singular)
-li (before-consonant before-s before-vowel first-person medial singular)
sa- (before-consonant before-front-vowel first-person medial singular)
si- (before-back-vowel first-person medial singular)
-sa- (before-consonant first-person medial singular)
-sam- (before-vowel first-person medial singular)
ak- (before-consonant before-vowel first-person medial singular)
n (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative medial singular)
a (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative medial singular)
ī- (before-consonant before-s first-person paucal)
il- (before-vowel first-person paucal)
pi- (before-back-vowel before-consonant before-front-vowel first-person paucal)
pi̱- (before-consonant first-person paucal)
pim- (before-vowel first-person paucal)
kī- (before-consonant first-person paucal)
kil- (before-vowel first-person paucal)
n (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative paucal)
a (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative paucal)
ī- (before-consonant before-s first-person plural)
il- (before-vowel first-person plural)
hapi- (before-back-vowel before-consonant before-front-vowel first-person plural)
hapi̱- (before-consonant first-person plural)
hapim- (before-vowel first-person plural)
kī- (before-consonant first-person plural)
kil- (before-vowel first-person plural)
n (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative plural)
a (before-consonant before-vowel first-person imperative plural)
is- (before-s second-person singular)
ish- (before-consonant before-vowel second-person singular)
chi- (before-back-vowel before-consonant before-front-vowel second-person singular)
chi̱- (before-consonant second-person singular)
chim- (before-vowel second-person singular)
chik- (before-consonant before-vowel second-person singular)
has- (before-s plural second-person)
hash- (before-consonant before-vowel plural second-person)
hachi- (before-back-vowel before-consonant before-front-vowel plural second-person)
hachi̱- (before-consonant plural second-person)
hachim- (before-vowel plural second-person)
hachik- (before-consonant before-vowel plural second-person)
ho- (before-consonant imperative plural second-person)
oh- (before-vowel imperative plural second-person)
i̱- (before-consonant third-person)
im- (before-vowel third-person)
ik- (before-consonant before-vowel third-person)

we

the subject of an active transitive verb

we

the subject of an active intransitive verb


i-

The i vowel common to other correlatives, such as ki- and ti-, without the defining consonant.

Any-, some-. (Indeterminate correlative prefix.)


i-

Assimilated form of in-, before s- + consonant.


i-

From Old English ġe-, from Proto-Germanic *ga-.


i-

translocative, indicating motion away from the speaker

epenthetic vowel added to certain verb forms

Alternative form of ka- (before o- and on-stems)