zwei

From Middle High German zwei, from Old High German zwei (neuter of zwēne).
Cognate with German zwei, Dutch twee, English two, Icelandic tveir.


zwei

Hunsrik: zweu

From Middle High German zwei, from Old High German zwei (neuter of zwēne).


zwei

From Middle High German zwei, from Old High German zwei (neuter of zwēne).
Compare Dutch twee, English two, twain. In Old High German, and still today in some dialects, distinct forms are used for the three grammatical genders. Zwei was originally the neuter form, now used for all genders. The Old High German masculine zwēne is found back in early modern German zween; the feminine zwō lives on in the variant zwo (but now without any gender distinction).

(cardinal number) two (numerical value represented by the Arabic numeral 2; or describing a set with two components)


dies

From Spanish diez and Portuguese dez and Kabuverdianu dés.


een

From Dutch een, from Middle Dutch een, from Old Dutch ēn, ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.


een

From Middle High German een, from Old High German ein.

Loß mich der nur een Frooch stelle.

Wanns de keene Steff häs, kann ich der eener jevve.

If you don't have a pencil, I can give you one.

(Ripuarian, western Moselle Franconian) one


een

Berbice Creole Dutch: en

Jersey Dutch: êne, ên

Negerhollands: een, en

Skepi Creole Dutch: en

→ Trió: ein_me

From Middle Dutch êen, from Old Dutch ēn, ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.


een

Een hoed: a hat; een ore; an ear.
Eén veur allen, allen veur één: one for all, all for one.

(Achterhoeks, Drents, Sallands, Twents, Veluws) one (1)


een

(in some dialects) Alternative spelling of en : one (1)


een

een (accusative attributive masculine nominative)
een (accusative attributive feminine nominative)
een (accusative attributive nominative)
eenem (attributive dative masculine)
eener (attributive dative feminine)
eenem (attributive dative)
enner (accusative masculine nominative)
enne (accusative feminine nominative)
ennes (accusative nominative)
ennem (dative masculine)
enner (dative feminine)
ennem (dative)

Inherited from Middle High German ein, from Old High German ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos.
Cognate with German ein and Luxembourgish een.


een

head

een (masculine and neuter nominative/accusative)

From Middle High German ein, from Old High German ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos.

Du hues nëmmen een Dag gewaart.


een

Dutch: een (/eːn/)

Limburgish: ein

Zealandic: eên

From Old Dutch ēn, ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos.


een

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


een

Doric Scots, South Northern Scots, and Shetland form of ane (“one”)


trillion

→ Welsh: triliwn

From French trillion, from tri- (“three”) + -illion.

biljoen

a million million, 1012 — see also billion

تِرِيلِْيُون

a million million million, 1018 — see also quintillion

Javik: Stand in the ashes of a trillion dead souls and ask the ghosts if honor matters. Their silence is your answer.

2012, BioWare, Mass Effect 3: From Ashes (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, PC, scene: Normandy SR-2:

(US, modern British, Australia, short scale) A million million: 1 followed by twelve zeros, 10¹².

(dated British, Australia, long scale) A million million million: 1 followed by eighteen zeros, 10¹⁸.


trillion

→ Catalan: trilió

From tri- (“three”) + -illion, from million; i.e. a million million million.
Coined by Jehan Adam in 1475 as trimillion.
Rendered as tryllion by Nicolas Chuquet in 1484, in his article “Triparty en la science des nombres”.


trillion

триллион (Cyrillic)
trillion (nominative)
trillionnıñ (genitive)
trillionga (dative)
trillionnı (accusative)
trillionda (locative)
trillionnan (ablative)


ik

Eastern Mari: ик (ik)

Western Mari: ик (ik)

From earlier *ikt, from Proto-Uralic *ükte. Cognates include Proto-Finnic *ükci and Proto-Samic *ëktë.


hund

From Old English hund (“hundred”), from Proto-Germanic *hundą.


billion

→ Chichewa: biliyoni

→ Hausa: biliyan

→ Hawaiian: piliona

→ Maori: piriona

→ Niuean: piliona

→ Samoan: piliona

→ Shona: bhiriyoni

→ Somali: bilyan

→ Swahili: bilioni

→ Tongan: piliona

→ Welsh: biliwn

→ Xhosa: ibhiliyoni

→ Zulu: ibhiliyoni

From French billion, from bi- (“two”) + -illion.

At the last assessment it [the national debt] amounts to seven billion pounds (£7,000,000,000).

1921 January 24, “National Finances”, in Devon and Exeter Gazette, page 5:

In America alone, people spent $170 billion on “direct marketing”—junk mail of both the physical and electronic varieties—last year. Yet of those who received unsolicited adverts through the post, only 3% bought anything as a result.

2013 May 25, “No hiding place”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8837, page 74:

However, despite the prospect of HS2 being curtailed and the revelation that the programme is late and billions over budget, for now, at least, work on the scheme appears to be business as usual

2019 October, Dan Harvey, “HS2 costs rise as schedule slips”, in Modern Railways, page 9:

The ChatGPT service which serves as Web front-end to GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 was the fastest-growing service in history to break the 100 million user milestone in January and had 1 billion visits by February 2023.

2023 October 30, Herbold et al., “A large-scale comparison of human-written versus ChatGPT-generated essays” (18617), in Scientific Reports, volume 13, page 1:

(US, modern British & Australian, short scale) a thousand million (logic: 1,000 × 1,000²): 1 followed by nine zeros, 10⁹; a milliard

modern British & Australian; short scale; modern British & Australian; short scale

miljard

a thousand million (1,000,000,000); a milliard

n = 1,000,000,000,000, that is, = a billion, or the square of a million

1778, Francis Maseres, “A Method of Finding, by the Help of Sir Isaac Newton's Binomial Theorem, a Near Value of the very Slowly Converging Infinite Series …”, in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, volume lxviii, number xli:

There is a bill to be picked up for cleaning the former Soviet countries of £1 billion. By that I mean a British billion, because when I was little I was told that a billion was a million million and then the Americans said that it was a thousand million. Well, I am talking about a million million pounds worth of clean-up to be done.

2000 November 8, Stephen Ladyman, “[Speech to the House of Commons]”, in Hansard:

(dated, British & Australian, long scale) A million million (logic: 1,000,000²): a 1 followed by twelve zeros; 10¹²

British & Australian; long scale; British & Australian; long scale

երկիլիոն

a million million; 1,000,000,000,000 — see also trillion

There were billions of people at the concert.

(colloquial, hyperbolic) An unspecified very large number.


billion

→ Catalan: bilió

→ Portuguese: bilião

From bi- (“two”) + -illion; i.e., a million million.
Coined by Jehan Adam in 1475 as by-million.
Rendered as byllion by Nicolas Chuquet in 1484, in his article “Triparty en la science des nombres”.


fa

From Proto-Polynesian *fa, from Proto-Oceanic *pat, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pat, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.


fa

From Proto-Oceanic *pat, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pat, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.


fa

Proto-Nuclear Polynesian:

Proto-Eastern Polynesian:

Marquesic:

Hawaiian: hā

South Marquesan: fa

Tahitic:

Maori: whā

Rarotongan: ā

Tahitian: maha

Rapa Nui: ha

Samoic-Outlier:

Elician:

Kapingamarangi: haa

Tuvaluan: fa

Futunic:

Anuta: pa

Rennellese: haa

Samoic:

Samoan: fā

Tokelauan: fā

Tongic:

Tongan: fā

From Proto-Oceanic *pat, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pat, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian [Term?] from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.


f

Old English lower case letter f, from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case f of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚠ (f, “fe”).

The ordinal number sixth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called ef and written in the Latin script.


dick

From a Cumbric numeral corresponding to Welsh deg, from Proto-Brythonic *deg.

(Cumbria) Ten, in Cumbrian sheep counting.


seven

From Middle English seven, from Old English seofon (“seven”), from Proto-West Germanic *sebun (“seven”), from Proto-Germanic *sebun (“seven”), from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥ (“seven”).
Cognate with Scots seiven (“seven”), West Frisian sân (“seven”), Saterland Frisian soogen (“seven”), Low German söven (“seven”), Dutch zeven (“seven”), German sieben (“seven”), Danish syv (“seven”), Norwegian sju (“seven”), Icelandic sjö (“seven”), Latin septem (“seven”), Ancient Greek ἑπτά (heptá, “seven”), Russian семь (semʹ), Sanskrit सप्तन् (saptán).

see for numerical forms in other scripts

1 Now Iericho was straitly shut vp, because of the children of Israel: none went out, & none came in.
2 And the Lord said vnto Ioshua, See, I haue giuen into thine hand Iericho, and the King thereof, and the mighty men of valour.
3 And ye shall compasse the city, all yee men of warre, and goe round about the city once: thus shalt thou doe sixe dayes.
4 And seuen Priests shall beare before the Arke seuen trumpets of rams hornes: and the seuenth day yee shall compasse the city seuen times, and the Priests shall blow with the trumpets.
5 And it shall come to passe that when they make a long blast with the rammes-horne, and when ye heare the sound of the trumpet, all the people shall shout with a great shout: and the wall of the citie shall fall downe flat, and the people shall ascend vp euery man straight before him.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Joshua 6:1–5:

The cabbalism of the number seven is emphasized, for in hell seven judges at each of seven gates take one of these divine laws away from her.

1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 175:

A numerical value equal to 7; the number following six and preceding eight. This many dots: (•••••••). Describing a group or set with seven elements.

Table of cardinal numbers 0 to 9 in various languages


seven

Dutch: zeven

Limburgish: zeve

Zealandic: zeven

From Old Dutch sivun, sivon, from Proto-West Germanic *sebun, from Proto-Germanic *sebun.


seven

English: seven

Middle Scots: sevin, sewin

Scots: seiven, seeven

Yola: zeven

From Old English seofon. Forms with final /ə/ are from Old English inflected forms.

⁊ þis is þe wit who þat haþ wiſdom / þe ſeuene heedis ben ſeuene hillis .· on which þe womman ſittiþ

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 17:9, page 123r, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

And the mind that has wisdom thinks: "The seven heads are the seven hills that the woman sits on […]


XXXX

A Roman numeral representing forty (40) in the (now non-standard) "additive" form; now replaced by the form XL.


nu

From Proto-Nuristani *nuwa, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnáwa, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.


nu

From Proto-Nuristani, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnáwa, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.


um

head

um m (feminine umha or uma, reintegrationist norm)


um

Indo-Portuguese: um

Kabuverdianu: un

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese ũu (“one; a”), from Latin ūnum (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one”). Doublet of uno.

inh+

Uma xícara de café


A

From Middle English and Old English upper case letter A and split of Middle English and Old English upper case letter Æ.
* The Old English letters A and Æ replaced the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letters ᚪ (a, “āc”) and ᚫ (æ, “æsc”), derived from the Runic letter ᚫ (a, “Ansuz”), in the 7th century.

Gregg shorthand versions Centennial, Series 90, DJS, Simplified, Anniversary, and Pre-Anniversary

Item A is "foods", item B is "drinks".

The ordinal number first, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called a and written in the Latin script.


on

From Proto-Turkic *ōn (“ten”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰆𐰣 (on, “ten”).


on

From Proto-Turkic *ōn. Compare to Crimean Tatar on, Karachay-Balkar он (on), Kumyk он (on), Urum он (on), etc.


on

head

on (3rd person possessive [please provide], plural [please provide])


on

on (nominative singular)
onlar (nominative plural)
onu (accusative definite singular)
onları (accusative definite plural)
ona (dative singular)
onlara (dative plural)
onda (locative singular)
onlarda (locative plural)
ondan (ablative singular)
onlardan (ablative plural)
onun (genitive singular)
onların (genitive plural)

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish اون (on), from Proto-Turkic *ōn (“ten”). Compare Old Turkic 𐰆𐰣 (un¹ /on/, “ten”).


twenty two

The cardinal number occurring after twenty one and before twenty three, represented in Roman numerals as XXII and in Arabic numerals as 22. Ordinal: twenty-second.


fourteen

From Middle English fourtene, from Old English fēowertīene, from Proto-Germanic *fedurtehun. Cognate with West Frisian fjirtjin, Dutch veertien, German vierzehn, Danish fjorten. Equivalent to four + -teen.

The cardinal number occurring after thirteen and before fifteen, represented in Roman numerals as XIV and in Arabic numerals as 14.

ዐስር ወአርበዕ

ʿäsr wäʾärbäʿ


two thousand

two thousand and one
two thousand and one

The cardinal number occurring after one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine and before two thousand and one.


thirteen

From Middle English thirttene, variant (through metathesis) of thrittene, from Old English þrēotīene, from Proto-Germanic *þritehun, compound of *þrīz (“three”) + *tehun (“teen”). Cognate with West Frisian trettjin, Dutch dertien, German dreizehn, Danish tretten. Equivalent to three + -teen.

There are thirteen cards of each of the four suits in a deck of playing cards.

During the whole time of his abode in the university he generally spent thirteen hours of the day in study; by which assiduity besides an exact dispatch of the whole course of philosophy, he read over in a manner all classic authors that are extant[…]

1661, John Fell, The Life of the most learned, reverend and pious Dr. H. Hammond:

In the spring of 1857, I, with several friends, left Hongkong for Shanghai, viâ Foochow, in the small coasting steamer Antelope. No noteworthy incident occurred until after leaving Foochow when, as we were enjoying our after dinner coffee and cigars, and by chance discussing the question of thirteen sitting down at table that had occurred at a dinner at which one of the party had shortly before been present, a violent thump and tremulous motion of the vessel announced the unpleasant fact that we had struck upon something. We rushed on deck and found the steamer hard and fast on a reef near Matsu Island. Fortunately the day was fine and there was no sea on.

1890 February 28, W. S. Wetmore, “RECOLLECTIONS OF LIFE IN CHINA IN THE FIFTIES.”, in North-China Herald and Supreme Court & Consular Gazette, volume XLIV, number 1178, Shanghai, →OCLC, page 256, column 1:

The cardinal number occurring after twelve and before fourteen, represented in Roman numerals as XIII and in Arabic numerals as 13.

dertien

the cardinal number occurring after twelve and before fourteen


thirteen

Inherited from Middle Scots thretten, from Middle English thrittene, from Old English þrēotīene, þrēotēne, from Proto-Germanic *þritehun.


sixty

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-sixty.wav

From Middle English sixty, sexty, Old English sixtiġ, from Proto-Germanic *sehs tigiwiz (“sixty”), equivalent to six + -ty. Cognate with Scots sexty, saxty (“sixty”), Saterland Frisian säkstich (“sixty”), West Frisian sechstich (“sixty”), Dutch zestig (“sixty”), German Low German sesstig (“sixty”), German sechzig (“sixty”), Swedish sextio (“sixty”), Norwegian seksti (“sixty”), Icelandic sextíu (“sixty”). Compare also Sanskrit षष्टि (ṣaṣṭi).

The cardinal number occurring after fifty-nine and before sixty-one, represented in Roman numerals as LX and in Arabic numerals as 60.


sixty

English: sixty

Scots: sexty, saxty

From Old English sixtiġ, from Proto-Germanic *sehs tigiwiz; equivalent to six + -ty.


sixteen

From Middle English sextene, sixtene, from Old English sixtīene, from Proto-Germanic *sehstehun. Cognate with West Frisian sechstjin, Dutch zestien, German sechzehn, Danish seksten. Equivalent to six + -teen.

Venters began to count them—one—two—three—four—on up to sixteen.

1912 January, Zane Grey, chapter 8, in Riders of the Purple Sage […], New York, N.Y., London: Harper & Brothers Publishers, →OCLC:

The cardinal number occurring after fifteen and before seventeen, represented in Arabic numerals as 16 and in Roman numerals as XVI.

ዓሰርተ ሽድሽተ

ʿasärtä šədšətä


seventy

From Middle English seventy, sevynty, from Old English hundseofontiġ, from Proto-Germanic *sebuntēhundą (“seventy”), equivalent to seven + -ty. Cognate with Scots seiventy (“seventy”), Saterland Frisian soogentich (“seventy”), West Frisian santich (“seventy”), Dutch zeventig (“seventy”), German Low German söventig (“seventy”), German siebzig (“seventy”), Swedish sjuttio (“seventy”), Norwegian sytti (“seventy”), Icelandic sjötíu (“seventy”).

cog

The cardinal number occurring after sixty-nine and before seventy-one, represented in Roman numerals as LXX and in Arabic numerals as 70.


seventy

English: seventy

Scots: seiventy

From Old English seofontiġ, alteration of hundseofontiġ, itself a modification of Proto-Germanic *sebuntēhundą; equivalent to seven + -ty.


eighty

From Middle English eiȝti, eyȝty, eiȝtety, aghty, from Old English hundeahtatiġ, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōutēhundą (“eighty”), equivalent to eight + -ty. Cognate with Scots hechty, auchty (“eighty”), Saterland Frisian tachentich (“eighty”), West Frisian tachtich (“eighty”), Dutch tachtig (“eighty”), Low German tachentig (“eighty”), German achtzig (“eighty”), Swedish åttio (“eighty”), Norwegian åtti (“eighty”), Icelandic áttatíu (“eighty”).

The cardinal number occurring after seventy-nine and before eighty-one, represented in Roman numerals as LXXX and in Arabic numerals as 80.

quatre-vingts

All French-speaking countries except part of Switzerland and Acadia


ninety

From Middle English nynty, nynety, from Old English hundniġontiġ, from Proto-Germanic *newuntēhundą (“ninety”), equivalent to nine + -ty. Cognate with Scots nynty, nynety (“ninety”), Saterland Frisian njuugentich (“ninety”), West Frisian njoggentich (“ninety”), Dutch negentig (“ninety”), German Low German negentig (“ninety”), German neunzig (“ninety”), Swedish nittio (“ninety”), Norwegian Bokmål nitti (“ninety”), Norwegian Nynorsk nitti (“ninety”), Icelandic níutíu (“ninety”).

The cardinal number occurring after eighty-nine and before ninety-one, represented in Roman numerals as XC and in Arabic numerals as 90.

九十

きゅうじゅう, kyūjū, くじゅう, kujū


nineteen

From Middle English nynetene, nintene, from Old English niġontīene, niġontēne, from Proto-Germanic *newuntehun. Cognate with Dutch negentien, Low German negenteihn, Hunsrik neinzen, German neunzehn, Danish nitten.
Equivalent to nine + -teen

She says groovy like it's nineteen sixty-nine.

1997, Swan Dive (lyrics and music), “Groovy Tuesday” (track 1), in Wintergreen, performed by Swan Dive:

The cardinal number occurring after eighteen and before twenty, represented in Roman numerals as XIX and in Arabic numerals as 19. It is the last/largest of the "teens".

十九

じゅうきゅう, jūkyū, じゅうく, jūku

ዓሰርተ ትሽዓተ

ʿasärtä təšʿatä

decennoval

adj. of the number 19 or a 19-year period


seventeen

From Middle English seventene, from Old English seofontīene, from Proto-Germanic *sebuntehun. Cognate with Dutch zeventien, West Frisian santjin, German siebzehn, Danish sytten.
Equivalent to seven + -teen

[T]he charge of my moſt curious, and coſtly ingredients fraide, amounting to ſome ſeaventeene thouſand crovvnes, a trifle in reſpect of health, vvriting your noble name in my Catalogue, I ſhall acknovvledge my ſelfe amply ſatisfi'd.

1631 (first performance), Philip Massinger, The Emperour of the East. A Tragæ-comœdie. […], London: […] Thomas Harper, for Iohn Waterson, published 1632, →OCLC, Act IV, scene iii:

The cardinal number occurring after sixteen and before eighteen, represented in Roman numerals as XVII and in Arabic numerals as 17.

ዓሰርተ ሸውዓተ

ʿasärtä šäwʿatä


de

From French deux (“two”), from Middle French deux, from Old French deus, from Latin duōs, masculine accusative plural of duo, from Proto-Italic *duō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.


de

Inherited from French deux (“two”), from Middle French deux, from Old French deus, from Latin duōs, masculine accusative plural of duo, from Proto-Italic *duō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.


de

From French deux, from Middle French deux, from Old French deus, from Latin duōs, masculine accusative plural of duo, from Proto-Italic *duō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.


eighteen

From Middle English eightetene, eiȝtene, ehtetene, from Old English eahtatīene, eahtatēne, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōutehun. Cognate with West Frisian achttjin, Dutch achttien, German achtzehn, Danish atten.
Equivalent to eight + -teen

The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age.

1971, Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution:

The cardinal number occurring after seventeen and before nineteen, represented in Roman numerals as XVIII and in Arabic numerals as 18.

Arabic numerals: 18. Roman symbols: XVIII


thousand

→ Hawaiian: kaukani, tausani

From Middle English thousend, thusand, from Old English þūsend (“thousand”), from Proto-West Germanic *þūsundi, from Proto-Germanic *þūsundī (“thousand”), (compare Scots thousand (“thousand”), Saterland Frisian duusend (“thousand”), West Frisian tûzen (“thousand”), Dutch duizend (“thousand”), German tausend (“thousand”), Danish tusind (“thousand”), Swedish tusen (“thousand”), Norwegian tusen (“thousand”), Icelandic þúsund (“thousand”), Faroese túsund (“thousand”)), from Proto-Indo-European *tuHsont-, *tuHsenti- (compare Lithuanian tūkstantis (“thousand”), Polish tysiąc, Russian ты́сяча (týsjača), Finnish tuhat, Estonian tuhat).

The company earned fifty thousand dollars last month.

Many thousands of people came to the conference.

A numerical value equal to 1,000 = 10 × 100 = 10³ (1 E+3 exactly—in scientific E notation.)

miler or milenar

approximately, or a set of a size numbered in the thousands

nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine

a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step


thousand

Inherited from Middle English thousand, from Old English þūsend, from Proto-West Germanic *þūsundi.


new

From Proto-Iranian *Hnáwa, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnáwa. Related to Persian نه (noh).


ten

From Middle English ten, tene, from Old English tīen, from Proto-West Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥. Cognate with Scots ten, tene (“ten”), West Frisian tsien (“ten”), Saterland Frisian tjoon (“ten”), North Frisian tiin (“ten”). See also teen.

The number occurring after nine and before eleven, represented in Arabic numerals (base ten) as 10 and in Roman numerals as X.

tammá

the cardinal number occurring after 9 and before 11

十

じゅう, jū; とお, tō


ten

English: ten

Scots: ten

Yola: dhen


ten

Inherited from Middle English ten, tene, from Old English tīen, from Proto-West Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.


nine

From Middle English nyne, nine, from Old English nigon (“nine”), from Proto-West Germanic *neun, from Proto-Germanic *newun (“nine”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥ (“nine”). Cognate with Scots neen, nine (“nine”), Saterland Frisian njúgen (“nine”), West Frisian njoggen (“nine”), Dutch negen (“nine”), German Low German negen (“nine”), German neun (“nine”), Danish ni (“nine”), Swedish nio (“nine”), Icelandic níu (“nine”), Gothic 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐌽 (niun, “nine”), Latin novem (“nine”), Ancient Greek ἐννέα (ennéa, “nine”), Sanskrit नवन् (navan, “nine”).

A numerical value equal to 9; the number following eight and preceding ten.

A cat has nine lives.

Describing a group or set with nine elements.


nine

From Middle High German niun, from Old High German niun, from Proto-Germanic *newun. Cognate with German neun, Dutch negen, English nine, Icelandic níu.


nine

From Middle English nyne, nine, from Old English nigon (“nine”), from Proto-West Germanic *neun, from Proto-Germanic *newun (“nine”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥ (“nine”).


million

→ Hawaiian: miliona

→ Maori: miriona

→ Sinhalese: මිලියනය (miliyanaya)

→ Welsh: miliwn

→ Yoruba: mílíọ̀nù

From Old French, from Italian milione (“million”, from mille (“thousand”, from Latin mille) + -one). Compare -illion.

af

from Latin <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">mille</i>

der

(long and short scales) The cardinal number 1,000,000: 10⁶; a thousand thousand.

I told you a million times before.

I can think of millions of reasons not to go.

Let him bring millions infinite of men,
Unpeopling weſterne Affrica and Greece:
Yet we aſſure vs of the victorie.

c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act III, scene iii:


million

million (nominative)
millionnıñ (genitive)
millionğa (dative)
millionnı (accusative)
millionda (locative)
milliondan (ablative)


million

Borrowed via French million from Italian milione.


million

→ Crimean Tatar: million

Louisiana Creole: milyon

→ Polish: milion

Inherited from Middle French million, from Italian milione.


twelve

→ Japanese: トゥエルブ (tuerubu)

Southern US, African-American Vernacular, dated

From Middle English twelve, from Old English twelf (“twelve”), from Proto-Germanic *twalif, an old compound of *twa- (“two”) and *-lif (“left over”) (i.e., two left over after having already counted to ten), from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“leave, remain”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian tweelf, tweelif, tweelich (“twelve”), West Frisian tolve (“twelve”), Dutch twaalf (“twelve”), German Low German twalf, twalv (“twelve”), German zwölf (“twelve”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian tolv (“twelve”), Icelandic tólf (“twelve”).

There are twelve months in a year.

The cardinal number occurring after eleven and before thirteen, represented in Arabic numerals as 12 and in Roman numerals as XII.

it's better to be judged by twelve than to be carried by six


twelve

English: twelve

Scots: twal, twol (obsolete twelf, twalf, tuelf)

From inflected froms of Old English twelf, from Proto-West Germanic *twalif, in turn from Proto-Germanic *twalif.


six

Sranan Tongo: siksi

Aukan: siksi

→ Wayana: siksi

Saramaccan: sigisi

From Middle English six, from Old English six, from Proto-West Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs. Compare West Frisian seis, Dutch zes, Low German söss, sess, German sechs, Norwegian and Danish seks, also Latin sex, Ancient Greek ἕξ (héx), Sanskrit षष् (ṣaṣ). Doublet of sice. Toilet sense predates military usage.

A numerical value equal to 6; the number following five and preceding seven. This many dots: (••••••).


six

Haitian Creole: sis

Louisiana Creole: sis

Mauritian Creole: sis

Inherited from Middle French six, from Old French sis, six, from Latin sex, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.
The numbers six and dix (“ten”), as well as the pronoun tous (“all”), are remnants of the Old and Middle French pronunciation system where final -s or -x was silent before consonants, pronounced /z/ before vowels, and /s/ in pausa. The only change is that the pausal pronunciation is now invariably used when these words do not precede their referent.


six

English: six

Sranan Tongo: siksi

Aukan: siksi

→ Wayana: siksi

Saramaccan: sigisi

Scots: sax, sex, six

Yola: zeese

From Old English six, from Proto-West Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.


six

desctree

French: six
Haitian Creole: sis
Louisiana Creole: sis
Mauritian Creole: sis

Norman: six


six

From Latin sex, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.

Six s'maïnes avant Noué, et six s'maïnes après, les nits sont les pûs longues, et le jours les pûs freds.

1903, Edgar MacCulloch, “Proverbs, Weather Sayings, etc.”, in Guernsey Folk Lore, page 533:

Six weeks before Christmas and six weeks after, the nights are the longest and the days the coldest.


six

Middle English: six, cex, sex, zix (Kent)
English: six
Sranan Tongo: siksi
Aukan: siksi
→ Wayana: siksi
Saramaccan: sigisi
Scots: sax, sex, six
Yola: zeese

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.


can

From Middle Welsh and Old Welsh cant, from Proto-Brythonic *kant, from Proto-Celtic *kantom (“hundred”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

(cardinal number) Apocopic form of cant (“one hundred”)


five hundred

The cardinal number occurring after four hundred ninety-nine and before five hundred one, represented in Arabic numerals as 500. Ordinal: five-hundredth.


eight

Sranan Tongo: aiti

From Middle English eighte, aught, eahte, ahte, from Old English eahta, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.
Cognate with Scots aucht (“eight”), West Frisian acht (“eight”), Dutch acht (“eight”), Low German acht (“eight”), German acht (“eight”), Norwegian åtte (“eight”), Swedish åtta (“eight”), Icelandic átta (“eight”), Latin octo (“eight”), Ancient Greek ὀκτώ (oktṓ), Irish ocht (“eight”).

2009, Stuart Heritage, Hecklerspray, Friday the 22nd of May in 2009 at 1 o’clock p.m., “Jon & Kate Latest: People You Don’t Know Do Crap You Don’t Care About”
Jon & Kate Plus 8 is a show based on two facts: 1) Jon and Kate Gosselin have eight children, and 2) the word ‘Kate’ rhymes with the word ‘eight’. One suspects that if Kate were ever to have another child, a shady network executive would urge her to put it in a binbag with a brick and drop it down a well. But this is just a horrifying tangent.

A numerical value equal to 8; the number occurring after seven and before nine.

He works eight hours a day.

Describing a group or set with eight elements.


eleven

From Middle English elleven, enleven, eleven, from Old English endleofan; from Proto-Germanic *ainalif (“one left”) (i.e., one left over after having already counted to ten), a compound of *ainaz and *-lif, from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“leave, remain”). Compare West Frisian alve, Low German ölven, Dutch elf, German elf, Icelandic ellefu, Danish and Norwegian elleve.

The cardinal number occurring after ten and before twelve. Represented as 11 in Arabic digits.

elf

the cardinal number occurring after ten and before twelve


five

PIE word
 *pénkʷe
From Middle English five, vif, fif, from Old English fīf (“five”), from Proto-West Germanic *fimf (“five”), from Proto-Germanic *fimf (“five”), from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.
See also West Frisian fiif, Dutch vijf, German fünf, Norwegian and Swedish fem, Icelandic fimm; also Welsh pump, Latin quinque, Tocharian A päñ, Tocharian B piś, Lithuanian penki, Russian пять (pjatʹ), Albanian pesë, pêsë, Ancient Greek πέντε (pénte), Armenian հինգ (hing), Persian پنج (panj), Sanskrit पञ्च (páñca). Doublet of cinque, pimp (“five”), ponzu, punch (“beverage”), and sengi (“currency”); related to Pompeii.
The nasal *m in Proto-Germanic *fimf was lost through a sound change known as the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law.

doublet

The r-stems had apparently been reduced to the five nuclear kinship terms that still survive in Modern English.

2006, Donald Ringe, From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 197:

A numerical value equal to 5; the number following four and preceding six.

Describing a group or set with five elements.

бишәү

describing set or group with five components


five

English: five

Scots: five, fif, fife, fyve

Yola: veeve

From Old English fīf, from Proto-West Germanic *fimf, from Proto-Germanic *fimf, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.
Though Old English fīf was usually indeclinable, inflected forms of it are far from unknown. Forms with final -v- originate from intervocalic voicing in these inflected forms.


five

From Middle English five, from Old English fīf.


forty

From Middle English fourti, feortiȝ, from Old English fēowertiġ, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *fedwōr tigiwiz (“forty”).

inh

'Tis forty years this very day,
 Since you and I, old girl, were married.

1825, unknown, Harrison's Amusing Picture and Poetry Book, page 35:

The cardinal number occurring after thirty-nine and before forty-one.

veertig

the cardinal number occurring after thirty-nine


too

Northern Ryukyuan:

Kikai: 十 (θū)

Kunigami: 十 (thū)

Northern Amami Ōshima: 十 (θū)

Okinawan: 十 (tū)

Okinoerabu: 十 (tū)

Southern Amami Ōshima: 十 (tū)

Tokunoshima: 十 (tū)

Yoron: 十 (tū)

Southern Ryukyuan:

Miyako: 十 (tū)

Yaeyama: 十 (tū)

Yonaguni: 十 (tū)


yak

Inherited from Chagatai یَک, from Classical Persian یَک (yak).


sieve

Inherited from Central Franconian sivve, from Middle High German siben, from Old High German sibun, from Proto-West Germanic *sebun, from Proto-Germanic *sebun.
Cognate with German sieben and Luxembourgish siwen.

Das sin schun sieve Uher.


fifty

PIE word
 *pénkʷe
From Middle English fifty, from Old English fīftiġ, from Proto-Germanic *fimf tigiwiz (“five tens”).

The cardinal number occurring after forty-nine and before fifty-one.


fifty

English: fifty

Scots: fifty, fyfty

From Old English fīftiġ, from Proto-Germanic *fimf tigiwiz; equivalent to five + -ty.


X

From the Etruscan letter 𐌗 (x, “ex”), from the Ancient Greek letter Χ (Kh, “chi”), created ex nihilo.

(especially in the names of aristocracy) The tenth.


X

Introduced by René Descartes in the context of mathematical notation, but has since widened to other contexts.

Let x represent the forecast traffic flow in 20 years’ time.


X

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Χ (Kh, “chi”), which represented /ks/ in the dialects of most of the Greek mainland and Euboea.


four

desc

Antigua and Barbuda Creole English: fuar, fua

Aukan: fo

Australian Kriol: fo

Belizean Creole: foa, foar

Bislama: fo

Cameroon Pidgin: fo̱

Grenadian Creole English: fo

Gullah: fo

Krio: fo

Nigerian Pidgin: fo̱r

Pichinglis: fo

Pijin: foa

Saramaccan: fɔ́

Sranan Tongo: fo

Tok Pisin: foa

Torres Strait Creole: po

non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger

non-rhotic, dough–door merger, African-American Vernacular

From Middle English four, from Old English fēower, from Proto-West Germanic *feuwar, from Proto-Germanic *fedwōr, from previous pre-Grimm *petwṓr, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwṓr, the neuter form of *kʷetwóres. Doublet of cuatro and quatre.
Cognates include Scots fower, Saterland Frisian fjauer, West Frisian fjouwer, Dutch vier, German Low German veer, German vier, Norwegian Bokmål and Danish fire, Swedish fyra, Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌳𐍅𐍉𐍂 (fidwōr) and, more distantly, Latin quattuor (whence Spanish cuatro, French quatre), Ancient Greek τέσσαρες (téssares), Irish ceathair, Armenian չորս (čʻors), Lithuanian keturi, Albanian katër, Sanskrit चतुर् (catur).

There are four seasons: winter, spring, summer and autumn.

Venters began to count them—one—two—three—four—on up to sixteen.

A numerical value equal to 4; the number after three and before five; two plus two. This many dots (••••)

Describing a set or group with four elements.

дүртәү

describing set or group with four components


four

English: four

Geordie English: fower

Scots: fower

Yola: vour, voure, vowre

⁊ lo a pale hoꝛs .· and þe name was deþ to him þat ſat on hym and helle ſuede him / and power was ȝouen to him on foure partis of þe erþe .· to ſle with ſwerd / ⁊ wiþ hungur / ⁊ wiþ deþ / ⁊ wiþ beeſtis of þe erþe

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 6:8, page 119r, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

And lo! A pale horse, and the name was Death for who that sat on him, and hell trailed him. And power was given to him over four parts of the earth, to slay with sword, and with hunger, and with death, and with the earth's creatures.

University of Michigan
w:University of Michigan


three

PIE word
 *tréyes
From Middle English thre, threo, thrie, thri, from Old English þrī, from Proto-West Germanic *þrīʀ, from Proto-Germanic *þrīz, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes. Doublet of tres and trey.
Cognate with German drei, Albanian tre, Armenian երեք (erekʻ), Latin trēs, Latvian trīs, Lithuanian trỹs, Greek τρεῖς (treîs), Old Church Slavonic трьѥ (trĭje), and others.

Okay, on three, we open the door and jump on the rope. One, two…
Wait, wait! Do we go on three? Or do we go on “go”?
Three! Who said anything about “go”?

2003 April 7, Michelle Lamoreaux, Robert Lamoreaux, “A Spy is Born Part II”, in Totally Spies!, season 2, episode 1, spoken by Clover (Jennifer Hale as Samantha “Sam” and Andrea Taylor), Marathon Media, via Teletoon:

Why should she care? One…two…
Do we shoot on three?
Yes on three. Like one, two, three, shoot.

2011 October 18, Paul Dini, Paul Crocker, Sefton Hill, Batman: Arkham City, spoken by Joker thugs, Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment, via Rocksteady Studios:

A numerical value after two and before four. Represented in Arabic digits as 3; this many dots (•••).

Describing a set or group with three elements.

өсәү

describing set or group with three components


three

From Middle English thre, from Old English þriē, þrī, þreō, from Proto-West Germanic *þrīʀ, from Proto-Germanic *þrīz, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.


thirty

From Middle English thirty, metathetic alternant of Middle English thriti, þrittiȝ, from Old English þrītiġ (“thirty”), from Proto-Germanic *þrīz tigiwiz (“thirty”, literally “three tens”), equivalent to three + -ty. Cognate with Scots therty, tretty (“thirty”), West Frisian tritich (“thirty”), Dutch dertig (“thirty”), German dreißig (“thirty”).

inh

For quotations using this term, see Citations:thirty.

The cardinal number occurring after twenty-nine and before thirty-one, represented in Arabic numerals as 30.


fifteen

PIE word
 *pénkʷe
From Middle English fiftene, from Old English fīftīene, fīftēne, from Proto-Germanic *fimftehun. Cognate with West Frisian fyftjin, Dutch vijftien, German fünfzehn, Danish femten. Equivalent to five + -teen.

The cardinal number occurring after fourteen (14) and before sixteen (16).


two

Solombala English: ту (tu)

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From Middle English two, twa, from Old English twā, feminine and neuter of twēġen (whence twain), from Proto-West Germanic *twai-, from Proto-Germanic *twai, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.
Cognate with Scots twa (“two”); North Frisian tou, tuu (“two”); Saterland Frisian twäin, two (“two”); West Frisian twa (“two”); Dutch twee (“two”); Low German twee, twei (“two”); German zwei, zwo (“two”); Danish and Norwegian to (“two”); Swedish två, tu (“two”); Icelandic tvö (“two”); Faroese tvey (“two”); Latin duō (“two”); Ancient Greek δύο (dúo, “two”); Irish dhá (“two”); Lithuanian dù (“two”); Russian два (dva, “two”); Albanian dy (“two”); Old Armenian երկու (erku, “two”); Sanskrit द्व (dvá, “two”); Tocharian A wu, Tocharian B wi. Doublet of duo. See also twain.

a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush

one can't carry two watermelons under one arm

one can't hold two watermelons in one hand

put two and two together and come up with five

A numerical value equal to 2; this many dots (••).

“[…]The two murders might have been done by one of the ryots who was dissatisfied over his assessment and thought he had a grievance. […].”

1927, F. E. Penny, chapter 5, in Pulling the Strings:

Describing a set or group with two elements.

па́ра

describing set or group with two elements


two

desctree

English: two, twain (dated), twey (archaic)
Solombala English: ту (tu)

Geordie English: twe

Scots: twa, twae

From Old English twā, feminine of twēġen.

Gif tƿa men oþer ·iii· coman ridend to an tun · al þe tunſcipe flugæn foꝛ heom. ƿenden ð hi ƿæron ræuereſ.

p. 1154, “AD 1137”, in Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (MS. Laud Misc. 636, continuation), Peterborough, folio 89, verso; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 2018 February 8:

If two or three men came riding into a town, the whole town ran away from them, concluding that they were robbers.


two

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


wiki

From Proto-Tocharian *w'īkän, from Proto-Indo-European *(d)wi(h₁)dḱm̥ti (cognate with Latin vīgintī, Ancient Greek εἴκοσι (eíkosi), Doric ϝείκατι (weíkati), Sanskrit विंशति (viṃśati), Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬯𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (vīsaⁱti), Ossetian инсӕй (insæj), Armenian քսան (kʻsan), Albanian (një)zet, Welsh ugain). Compare Tocharian B ikäṃ.


i

head

i (lower case Roman numeral, upper case I)

Lower case form of upper case Roman numeral I, apparently derived from the shape of a notch scored across a tally stick.


i

The ordinal number ninth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called i and written in the Latin script.


i

From Proto-Hmong-Mien *ʔu̯i (“two”). Cognate with White Hmong ob and Western Xiangxi Miao [Fenghuang] oub.


twenty

Tok Pisin: twenti

From Middle English twenty, twenti, from Old English twēntiġ (“twenty”, literally “two tens”), from Proto-Germanic *twaintigiwiz, *twai tigiwiz, an old compound of *twain- (“two”) + *-tigaz (“group of ten”), equivalent to two + -ty, or twain + -ty. Cognate with Scots twenty, tuenty (“twenty”), West Frisian tweintich (“twenty”), Dutch twintig (“twenty”), German zwanzig (“twenty”), Danish tyve.

compound

The cardinal number 20, occurring after nineteen and before twenty-one.


twenty

English: twenty
Tok Pisin: twenti

Scots: twinty, twenty, tuenty

Yola: dwanty

From Old English twēntiġ, from Proto-Germanic *twai tigiwiz; equivalent to twei + -ty.

At nyght was come into that hostelrye
Wel nyne and twenty in a compaignye

c. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, General Prologue, lines 23–24:

There came at nightfall to that hostelry
Some nine and twenty in a company


zero

→ Tokelauan: helo

From French zéro, from Italian zero, from Medieval Latin zephirum, from Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr, “nothing, cipher”), itself calqued from Sanskrit शून्य (śūnya, “void, nothingness”). Doublet of cipher and chiffre.

der

The conductor waited until the passenger count was zero.

A cheque for zero dollars and zero cents crashed the computers on division by zero.

The cardinal number occurring before one and that denotes no quantity or amount at all, represented in Arabic numerals as 0.

nul

cardinal number before 1, denoting nothing


zero

zero (absolutive indefinite)
zeroa (absolutive indefinite singular)
zeroak (absolutive indefinite plural)
zerok (ergative indefinite)
zeroak (ergative indefinite singular)
zeroek (ergative indefinite plural)
zerori (dative indefinite)
zeroari (dative indefinite singular)
zeroei (dative indefinite plural)
zeroren (genitive indefinite)
zeroaren (genitive indefinite singular)
zeroen (genitive indefinite plural)
zerorekin (comitative indefinite)
zeroarekin (comitative indefinite singular)
zeroekin (comitative indefinite plural)
zerorengatik (causative indefinite)
zeroarengatik (causative indefinite singular)
zeroengatik (causative indefinite plural)
zerorentzat (benefactive indefinite)
zeroarentzat (benefactive indefinite singular)
zeroentzat (benefactive indefinite plural)
zeroz (indefinite instrumental)
zeroaz (indefinite instrumental singular)
zeroez (indefinite instrumental plural)
zerorengan (animate indefinite inessive)
zeroarengan (animate indefinite inessive singular)
zeroengan (animate indefinite inessive plural)
zerotan (inanimate indefinite inessive)
zeroan (inanimate indefinite inessive singular)
zeroetan (inanimate indefinite inessive plural)
zerotako (inanimate indefinite locative)
zeroko (inanimate indefinite locative singular)
zeroetako (inanimate indefinite locative plural)
zerorengana (allative animate indefinite)
zeroarengana (allative animate indefinite singular)
zeroengana (allative animate indefinite plural)
zerotara (allative inanimate indefinite)
zerora (allative inanimate indefinite singular)
zeroetara (allative inanimate indefinite plural)
zerorenganaino (animate indefinite terminative)
zeroarenganaino (animate indefinite singular terminative)
zeroenganaino (animate indefinite plural terminative)
zerotaraino (inanimate indefinite terminative)
zeroraino (inanimate indefinite singular terminative)
zeroetaraino (inanimate indefinite plural terminative)
zerorenganantz (animate directive indefinite)
zeroarenganantz (animate directive indefinite singular)
zeroenganantz (animate directive indefinite plural)
zerotarantz (directive inanimate indefinite)
zerorantz (directive inanimate indefinite singular)
zeroetarantz (directive inanimate indefinite plural)
zerorenganako (animate destinative indefinite)
zeroarenganako (animate destinative indefinite singular)
zeroenganako (animate destinative indefinite plural)
zerotarako (destinative inanimate indefinite)
zerorako (destinative inanimate indefinite singular)
zeroetarako (destinative inanimate indefinite plural)
zerorengandik (ablative animate indefinite)
zeroarengandik (ablative animate indefinite singular)
zeroengandik (ablative animate indefinite plural)
zerotatik (ablative inanimate indefinite)
zerotik (ablative inanimate indefinite singular)
zeroetatik (ablative inanimate indefinite plural)
zerorik (indefinite partitive)
zerotzat (indefinite prolative)

From Spanish cero, from Medieval Latin zephirum, ultimately from Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr, “zero, nothing, empty, void”).


zero

From Italian zero, from Medieval Latin zephirum, from Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr, “nothing, cipher”).

(metrology) zero; origin point of a scale


zero

Borrowed from English zero, French zéro, Italian zero, Spanish cero.


zero

Borrowed from Dutch zero, from French zéro, from Italian zero, from Medieval Latin zephirum, from Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr, “nothing, cipher”), itself calqued from Sanskrit शून्य (śūnya, “void, nothingness”). Doublet of Safar, sifar, and zero.

zero: the cardinal number occurring before one and that denotes no quantity or amount at all, represented in Arabic numerals as 0.


zero

From New Latin zerum, from Medieval Latin zephirum, from Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr, “nothing”, “cipher”). Doublet of cifra.

der

Fatta questa prima mu[l]tiplicatione, va all’altra figura che gl’è à canto del numero Multiplicante che segue, il quale essendo zero, cioè che non significa cosa alcuna, non ti darà ancora cosa alcuna dal suo multiplicarlo

1587, “Cap. IIII: Del multiplicare [Chapter 4: About Multiplication]”, in Cosimo Bartoli, transl., Opere di Orontio Fineo Divise in Cinque Parti: Aritmetica, Geometria, Cosmografia & Oriuoli, Venice: Francesco Franceschi Senese, page 10:

Having done this first multiplication, go to the figure next to the following multiplying number, which, being zero – that is, it doesn't mean anything – will not give anything when multiplied


zero

Borrowed from French zéro, from Italian zero, from Medieval Latin zephirum, from Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr, “nothing, cipher”). Doublet of cifra.

Vieram zero pessoas.


one

Bahamian Creole: wan

Belizean Creole: wan

Bislama: wan

Gullah: one

Jamaican Creole: wan

Nigerian Pidgin: wọ́n, wọn

Sranan Tongo: wan

Tok Pisin: wan

→ Atong (India): wan

→ Fanagalo: wan

PIE word
 *h₁óynos
From Middle English oon, on, oan, an, from Old English ān (“one”), from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“single, one”).
Cognate with Scots ae, ane, wan, yin (“one”); North Frisian ån (“one”); Saterland Frisian aan (“one”); West Frisian ien (“one”); Dutch een, één (“one”); German Low German een; German ein, eins (“one”); Danish en (“one”); Swedish en (“one”); Norwegian Nynorsk ein (“one”), Icelandic einn (“one”); Latin ūnus (“one”) (Old Latin oinos); Russian оди́н (odín), Spanish uno. Doublet of a, an, and Uno.
The use as an indefinite personal pronoun may have been influenced by unrelated French on, although the Germanic languages widely use cognates for the same sense (usually in non-subject function, but also in subject function, e.g. Luxembourgish een).
Verb form from Middle English onen.

inh

one's damned if one does and one's damned if one doesn't

In some religions, there is only one god.

In many cultures, a baby turns one year old a year after its birth.

One person, one vote.

One is the loneliest number that you'll ever do / Two can be as bad as one / It's the loneliest number since the number one

1968, Harry Nilsson (lyrics and music), “One”, in Aerial Ballet:

The number represented by the Arabic numeral 1; the numerical value equal to that cardinal number.

(Chenega, Nanwalek, Port Graham) all'inguq

(number theory) The first positive number in the set of natural numbers.

(set theory) The cardinality of the smallest nonempty set.

(mathematics) The ordinality of an element which has no predecessor, usually called first or number one.


one

Alcozauca Mixtec: u̱na̱

Chayuco Mixtec: uña

Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec: una

San Juan Colorado Mixtec: ùnà

San Miguel el Grande Mixtec: unā

Teposcolula Mixtec: vna

Tezoatlán Mixtec: ona̱

Yosondúa Mixtec: una


o

The ordinal number fifteenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.


en

From Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, some”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one”).


en

From Middle Low German ên, from Old Saxon ēn. Compare Dutch een, German ein, West Frisian ien, English one.

(in some dialects, including Low Prussian) one (1)


en

From French un (“one”), from Latin ūnus (“one”).


en

head

en m (feminine ei, neuter ett, stressed én)

ei (feminine)
ett (neuter)
én (stressed)


en

From Proto-West Germanic *ain. Cognates include Old English ān and Old Saxon ēn.

ēn skilling


en

thoh uui hēr te meti habdin garu im te geƀanne sō uui mahtin fargelden mēst tueho uuāri is noh than that iro ēnig thar ēnes gināmi

Though we had food that we should buy to give him. The most doubt is still there that anyone once felt (Heliand, verse 2637)


en

From Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.


en

ȅn (canonical)
ȅn (masculine nominative singular)
éna (feminine nominative singular)
éno (neuter nominative singular)
énega (genitive masculine singular)
éne (feminine genitive singular)
énega (genitive neuter singular)
énemu (dative masculine singular)
éni (dative feminine singular)
énemu (dative neuter singular)
nom (accusative masculine singular)
gen (accusative masculine singular)
éno (accusative feminine singular)
éno (accusative neuter singular)
énem (locative masculine singular)
éni (feminine locative singular)
énem (locative neuter singular)
énim (instrumental masculine singular)
éno (feminine instrumental singular)
énim (instrumental neuter singular)
ȅn (masculine singular vocative)
ȇna (feminine singular vocative)
ȇno (neuter singular vocative)
énega (positive)
éno (positive)

Contraction of earlier êden, from Proto-Slavic *(j)edinъ.


en

numeral and article when used before g in close syntactic connection

From Old Swedish ēn, æn, from Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, some”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one”).


it

From Chinese 一 (MC 'jit, “one”). Cognate with Thai เอ็ด (èt), Lao ເອັດ (ʼet), Shan ဢဵတ်း (ʼáet), Ahom 𑜒𑜢𑜄𑜫 (ʼit), Bouyei idt.

daih'it

song bak it

it cien


el

The cardinal number occurring after dek and before do in a duodecimal system. Written ↋, decimal value 11.


mi

Northern Ryukyuan:

Kikai: 三 (mī)

Kunigami: 三 (mī)

Northern Amami Ōshima: 三 (mī)

Okinawan: 三 (mī)

Okinoerabu: 三 (mī)

Southern Amami Ōshima: 三 (mī)

Tokunoshima: 三 (mī)

Yoron: 三 (mī)

Southern Ryukyuan:

Miyako: 三 (mī)

Yaeyama: 三 (mī)

Yonaguni: 三 (mī)


mi

Old Japanese: 三 (mi₁)

Japanese: 三 (mi)

desctree

Proto-Ryukyuan: *mi
Northern Ryukyuan:
Kikai: 三 (mī)
Kunigami: 三 (mī)
Northern Amami Ōshima: 三 (mī)
Okinawan: 三 (mī)
Okinoerabu: 三 (mī)
Southern Amami Ōshima: 三 (mī)
Tokunoshima: 三 (mī)
Yoron: 三 (mī)
Southern Ryukyuan:
Miyako: 三 (mī)
Yaeyama: 三 (mī)
Yonaguni: 三 (mī)

Likely related to *mu (“six”) and possibly Goguryeo *密 (*mit) and Gaya *密 (*mit) (Vovin 2017).


non

From English nine, German neun, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥. In length from English nona-, French nona-, Italian nono, Spanish nono.


lama

Inherited from Proto-Cushitic *ɬa(a)ma. Compare Afar nammay, Hadiyya lamo, Rendille lama and Somali laba, Kambaata lámo.


hundred

→ Hawaiian: haneli, hanele, haneri

From Middle English hundred, from Old English hundred, from Proto-Germanic *hundaradą, from *hundą (from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm) + *radą (“count”), a neuter variant of *radō (“row, line, series”). Compare West Frisian hûndert, Dutch honderd, Low German hunnert, hunnerd, German Hundert, Danish hundred.

one hair of a woman can draw more than a hundred pair of oxen

hundreds of places, hundreds of thousands of faces

a hundred, one hundred

nineteen hundred, one thousand nine hundred

A numerical value equal to 100 (10²), occurring after ninety-nine.

“Okay. You head over to City Hall East. I’ll meet you there. The briefing starts at eleven hundred, sharp.”

2002, Michael Prescott, Next Victim, Signet, page 185:

(24-hour clock) The pronunciation of “00” for the two digits denoting the minutes.


hundred

→ Greenlandic: hundredi

From Old Norse hundrað (“hundred”), from Proto-Germanic *hundaradą, from *hundą (< Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm) + *radą (“count”).


hundred

English: hundred
→ Hawaiian: haneli, hanele, haneri

Scots: hunder, hunner

desc

Yola: hindreth, hundreth, hundereth, hunderth, hunnert

From Old English hundred, from Proto-West Germanic *hundarad, from Proto-Germanic *hundaradą (“hundred”); some forms are remodelled on Old Norse hundrað.

[Þ]au pilatuſ him come wid ten hu[n]dꝛed cniſteſ. / yet ic wolde louerd foꝛ þi loue fiſte.

c. 1275, Judas (Roud 2964, Child Ballad 23, Trinity College MS. B.14.39), folio 34, recto, lines 34-35; republished at Cambridge: Wren Digital Library (Trinity College), 2019 May 29:

"If Pilate himself came with ten hundred knights, / Lord, I would still fight for your sake."


hundred

hundred (nominative singular)
hundredu (nominative plural)
hundred (accusative singular)
hundredu (accusative plural)
hundredes (genitive singular)
hundreda (genitive plural)
hundrede (dative singular)
hundredum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: hundred
English: hundred
→ Hawaiian: haneli, hanele, haneri
Scots: hunder, hunner
Yola: hindreth, hundreth, hundereth, hunderth, hunnert

From Proto-Germanic *hundaradą (“hundred”), from *hundą + *radą (“count”), a neuter variant of *radō (“row, line, series”).
Cognate with Old Frisian hundred, Old Saxon hunderod, Old Dutch *hundert, Old High German hundert, Old Norse hundrað.


wei

From Proto-Khasian *wiː. Cognate with Pnar wi.


tan

From a Brythonic language; influenced in form by yan (“one”) in the same series.

(dialect, rare) The second cardinal number two, formerly used in Celtic areas, especially Cumbria and parts of Yorkshire, for counting sheep, and stitches in knitting.


haj

head

haj (Sawndip forms 㕶 or 五, 1957–1982 spelling haз)

From Proto-Tai *haːꟲ (“five”), from Old Chinese 五 (*ŋaːʔ, “five”). Cognate with Thai ห้า (hâa), Northern Thai ᩉ᩶ᩣ, Lao ຫ້າ (hā), Lü ᦠᦱᧉ (ḣaa²), Tai Dam ꪬ꫁ꪱ, Shan ႁႃႈ (hāa), Tai Nüa ᥞᥣᥲ (hàa), Ahom 𑜑𑜡 (hā), Bouyei hac.

cog

Lü ᦠᦱᧉ (ḣaa²)

haj duz bya


empat

From Proto-Malayic *əmpat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.


empat

From Malay empat, from Classical Malay empat, from Proto-Malayic *əmpat, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əmpat, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əmpat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.


empat

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.


empat

Indonesian: empat

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *əmpat, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əmpat, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əmpat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.


empat

From Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əmpat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.


at

From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.


satu

From Proto-Malayic *sA- (“one”) + *batu (“stone”).


satu

From Malay satu, from Proto-Malayic *sA- (“one”) + *batu (“stone”).


satu

-satu (canonical)
basatu (indefinite)
abasatu (definite)
esatu (class-4 indefinite)
esatu (class-4 definite)
asatu (class-6 indefinite)
asatu (class-6 definite)
bisatu (class-8 indefinite)
ebisatu (class-8 definite)
isatu (class-10 indefinite)
isatu (class-10 definite)
tusatu (indefinite)
otusatu (definite)
busatu (class-14 indefinite)
obusatu (class-14 definite)
hasatu (class-16 indefinite)
ahasatu (class-16 definite)
kasatu

From Proto-Rutara *-šatu, from Proto-Bantu *-cátʊ̀. Cognate with Kamba kadatu and Phuthi tshatfu.


to

From Old Norse tveir, from Proto-Germanic *twai, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”).
The modern Danish form is a merger of the original East Old Norse accusative masculine twā and the nominative/accusative feminine twāʀ (West tvær). The neuter tū (West tvau) is preserved in the adverb itu.


to

From Old Norse tvá, accusative case of tveir, from Proto-Germanic *twai, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.


to

tvu

two, non-standard or Høgnorsk gender-depending


tiga

From Proto-Malayic *tiga, from Prakrit 𑀢𑀺𑀕 (tiga), from Sanskrit त्रिक (trika, “triad”).


tiga

From Malay tiga (“three”), from Classical Malay tiga, from Proto-Malayic *tiga, from Prakrit 𑀢𑀺𑀕 (tiga), from Sanskrit त्रिक (trika, “triad”).

Enam bagi tiga sama dengan dua.


tiga

Indonesian: tiga

From Proto-Malayic *tiga, from Prakrit 𑀢𑀺𑀕 (tiga), from Sanskrit त्रिक (trika, “triad”). Displaced native Old Malay tlu.


tiga

Borrowed from Prakrit 𑀢𑀺𑀕 (tiga), from Sanskrit त्रिक (trika, “triad”).


tin

From Old Frisian tiān. Compare West Frisian tsien, Sylt North Frisian tiin.


tree

From Old Irish trí, from Proto-Celtic *trīs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.


零

From Middle Chinese 零 (MC leng) with an original meaning of a small rainfall. The character was later repurposed in 1248 by mathematician Li Ye as a placeholder, extending from its a little bit (of rain) meaning to indicate a bit more remaining. In Li Ye's notation, a number like 302 would be represented as 三百零二 (èr), literally three hundred and remaining two, with the 零 character used as a means of skipping the tens place, by indicating zero tens. It would thus implicitly take on the meaning of zero.

lang

「算木」を超えた男: もう一つの近代数学の誕生と関孝和

「算木」を超えた男: もう一つの近代数学の誕生と関孝和


Invented by Louis Braille, braille cells were arranged in numerical order and assigned to the letters of the French alphabet. Most braille alphabets follow this assignment for the 26 letters of the basic Latin alphabet or, in non-Latin scripts, for the transliterations of those letters. In such alphabets, the first ten braille letters (the first decade: ⠁⠃⠉⠙⠑⠋⠛⠓⠊⠚) are assigned to the Latin letters A to J and to the digits 1 to 9 and 0. (Apart from '2', the even digits all have three dots: ⠃⠙⠋⠓⠚.)
The letters of the first decade are those cells with at least one dot in the top row and at least one in the left column, but none in the bottom row. The next decade repeat the pattern with the addition of a dot at the lower left, the third decade with two dots in the bottom row, and the fourth with a dot on the bottom right. The fifth decade is like the first, but shifted downward one row. The first decade is supplemented by the two characters with dots in the right column and none in the bottom row, and that supplement is propagated to the other decades using the generation rules above. Finally, there are four characters with no dots in the top two rows. Many languages that use braille letters beyond the 26 of the basic Latin alphabet follow an approximation of the English values for additional letters.

Brai-ety

(Braille, in the context of the number sign ⠼) The digit 1


(in the context of the number sign ⠼) The digit 1


song

head

song (Sawndip forms 雙 or 双 or 松, 1957–1982 spelling soŋ)

From Proto-Tai *soːŋᴬ, from Middle Chinese 雙 (MC sraewng, “two”). Cognate with Thai สอง (sɔ̌ɔng), Northern Thai ᩈᩬᨦ, Lao ສອງ (sǭng), Lü ᦉᦸᧂ (ṡoang), Tai Dam ꪎꪮꪉ, Shan သွင် (sǎung), Tai Nüa ᥔᥩᥒᥴ (sóang), Ahom 𑜏𑜨𑜂𑜫 (soṅ), Bouyei soongl.

song bak

De fwngz ndeu yaeuj ndaej song doengj raemx bae!
3s hand one raise ACQ two bucket water PRT
S/he can lift two buckets of water with one hand!

2008, Rint Sybesma, “Zhuang: A Tai language with some Sinitic characteristics”, in Pieter Muysken, editor, From Linguistic Areas to Areal Linguistics, page 246:


ban

A particle interpreted as the numeral 'one' by Eduardo Orduña and Joan Ferrer, and compared to Basque bat (“one”).


man

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 萬 (“ten thousand”, SV: vạn). Doublet of muôn and vạn.

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">vạn</i>

vi-etym-sino

một man

(obsolete, as a free morpheme) ten thousand; myriad


an

From Middle English an, from Old English ān (“a, an”, literally “one”). More at one.

inh

(nonstandard, British, West Country) one


an

ān (canonical)
ān (masculine nominative singular)

From Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz.
Germanic cognates include Old Frisian ān, Old Saxon ēn, Old High German ein, Old Norse einn, Gothic 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (ains). The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin ūnus, Ancient Greek οἶος (oîos), Old Irish oen.

"Gospel of Saint John", chapter 10, verse 30

c. 973, Æthelwold's translation of the Rule of Saint Benedict, quoting Galatians 3:28

Slave or free, we are all one in Christ.

Ġe þēo ġe frēo, eall wē sind on Criste ān.

c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Mark 14:37

Then he came and found them asleep, and said to Peter, "Simon, are you asleep? Couldn't you stay awake for one hour?"

Þā cōm hē and fand hīe slǣpende, and cwæþ tō Petre, "Simon, slǣpst þū? Ne meahtest þū āne tīd wacian?"

early 12th century, the Peterborough Chronicle, year 1100

On the morning after Lammas day, King William was out hunting when he was shot with an arrow by one of his servants.

On morgen æfter Hlāfmæssedæġe wearþ sē cyning Willelm on huntoþe fram his ānum menn mid āne flāne ofsċoten.


dua

From Proto-Malayic *dua, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *dua, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *dua, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.


dua

From Proto-South Sulawesi *dua, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.


dua

From Proto-North Sarawak *dua, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.


dua

From Proto-Central-Eastern Oceanic *tewa.


dua

From Proto-Malayic *dua, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.


dua

From Proto-Philippine, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.


dua

From Malay dua, from Proto-Malayic *dua, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *dua, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *dua, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.


dua

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha.


dua

Inherited from Proto-Chamic *dua, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.


dua

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.


dua

From Proto-Malayic *dua, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *dua, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *dua, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.
First attested in the Kedukan Bukit inscription, 683 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (dua).


dart

From Pre-Palauan *ðaðut, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀatus, from Proto-Austronesian *ɣatus.


feed

From Old Irish fichet (compare Scottish Gaelic fichead), genitive singular of fiche (“twenty”), from Proto-Celtic *wikantī (compare Welsh ugain), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wih₁ḱm̥t (compare Latin vīgintī), from *dwi(h₁)dḱm̥ti (“two-ten”).


ba

From Proto-Hlai *hmaː (“five”), from Pre-Hlai *maː (Norquest, 2015).


ba

From Proto-Vietic *paː, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *piʔ; cognate with Muong pa, Khmer បី (bəy), Halang pe, Pacoh pe, Mon ပိ (pi).

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-ba.wav


we

From Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁. Compare Tocharian B wi.


bet

From Proto-Tai *peːtᴰ (“eight”), from Middle Chinese 八 (pˠɛt̚, “eight”). Cognate with Thai แปด (bpɛ̀ɛt), Tai Dam ꪵꪜꪒ, Lao ແປດ (pǣt), Lü ᦶᦔᧆᧈ (ṗaed¹), Shan ပႅတ်ႇ (pèt), Tai Nüa ᥙᥦᥖᥱ (pǎet), Ahom 𑜆𑜢𑜄𑜫 (pit), Bouyei beedt. Doublet of bat.

cog

Lü ᦶᦔᧆᧈ (ṗaed¹)


千

Japanese: 千 (chi)

, text here
百爾千爾人者雖言月草之移情吾將持八方
momo ni ti ni pi₁to₂ pa ipu to₂ mo tuki₂kusa no₂ uturo₂pu ko₂ko₂ro₂ ware motame₂ ya mo


十

十 (canonical)
jū (romanization)
zifu (romanization)
じふ (hiragana historical)

/ʑipʉ/ → /ʑiɸu/ → /ʑɨu/ → /ʑuː//ʑiʔ/ → /ʑi~̚/
From Middle Chinese 十 (MC dzyip).


十

十 (canonical)
tō (romanization)
towo (romanization)
とを (hiragana historical)

十で神童十五で才子二十過ぎればただの人

tō de shindō jūgo de saishi hatachi sugireba tada no hito

⟨to₂wo⟩ → */təwo/ → /towo/ → /toː/
From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *təwə.


bat

bat (absolutive indefinite)
bata (absolutive indefinite singular)
batak (absolutive indefinite plural)
batek (ergative indefinite)
batak (ergative indefinite singular)
batek (ergative indefinite plural)
bati (dative indefinite)
batari (dative indefinite singular)
batei (dative indefinite plural)
baten (genitive indefinite)
bataren (genitive indefinite singular)
baten (genitive indefinite plural)
batekin (comitative indefinite)
batarekin (comitative indefinite singular)
batekin (comitative indefinite plural)
batengatik (causative indefinite)
batarengatik (causative indefinite singular)
batengatik (causative indefinite plural)
batentzat (benefactive indefinite)
batarentzat (benefactive indefinite singular)
batentzat (benefactive indefinite plural)
batez (indefinite instrumental)
bataz (indefinite instrumental singular)
batez (indefinite instrumental plural)
batetan (indefinite inessive)
batean (indefinite inessive singular)
batetan (indefinite inessive plural)
batetako (indefinite locative)
bateko (indefinite locative singular)
batetako (indefinite locative plural)
batetara (allative indefinite)
batera (allative indefinite singular)
batetara (allative indefinite plural)
batetaraino (indefinite terminative)
bateraino (indefinite singular terminative)
batetaraino (indefinite plural terminative)
batetarantz (directive indefinite)
baterantz (directive indefinite singular)
batetarantz (directive indefinite plural)
batetarako (destinative indefinite)
baterako (destinative indefinite singular)
batetarako (destinative indefinite plural)
batetatik (ablative indefinite)
batetik (ablative indefinite singular)
batetatik (ablative indefinite plural)
batik (indefinite partitive)
bat-tzat (indefinite prolative)

From a reduced form of Proto-Basque *bade (“one, some”), present also in bederatzi (“nine”) and bedera (“same; everyone”). Compared by Eduardo Orduña and Joan Ferrer to Iberian ban (“one”).

Sagar bat eta lau laranja.


bat

From Middle Chinese 八 (pˠɛt̚, “eight”). Doublet of bet.


spat

From Proto-Atayalic *səpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.


sat

From Sanskrit सप्त (sapta). Compare Hindi सात (sāt), Khowar سوت (sot).


limo

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lima, from Proto-Austronesian *lima.


limo

From Proto-Malayic *lima(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lima, from Proto-Austronesian *lima.


limo

From Proto-Philippine *lima, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lima, from Proto-Austronesian *lima.


won

(Late Middle English) Alternative form of on


do

The cardinal number occurring after el and before do one in a duodecimal system. Written 10, decimal value 12.


saw

From Proto-Khasian *saːw, an innovation of the Khasian branch. Cognate with Pnar soo.


nin

From Middle High German niun, from Old High German niun, from Proto-Germanic *newun. Cognate with German neun, Dutch negen, English nine, Icelandic níu.


sot

From Proto-Nuristani *satta, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *saptá, from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥.


二

From Middle Chinese 二 (ȵiɪᴴ, “two”). Compare modern Eastern Min reading nê.


bir

From Old Anatolian Turkish بر (bir), ultimately from Proto-Turkic *bīr.


bir

Chahandusi, Ejia, Daowei, Xunhua, Qinghai


bir

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish بر (bir, “one”), from Old Anatolian Turkish بر (bir, “one”), from Proto-Turkic *bīr (“one”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰋𐰃𐰼 (b²ir² /bir/).


bir

bir (nominative singular)
birler (nominative plural)
biri (accusative singular)
birleri (accusative plural)
biriň (genitive singular)
birleriň (genitive plural)
bire (dative singular)
birlere (dative plural)
birde (locative singular)
birlerde (locative plural)
birden (ablative singular)
birlerden (ablative plural)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bīr (“one”). Azerbaijani bir, Turkish bir.


fünf

(Kölsch) Rare spelling of fünnef (“five”).


fünf

From Middle High German vünf, from Old High German fimf. Formal cognates include Dutch vijf, English five, Yiddish פֿינף (finf), Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌼𐍆 (fimf) and Icelandic fimm.

(cardinal number) five (numerical value represented by the Arabic numeral 5; or describing a set with five elements)


一

/itɨ/ → /it͡sɨ/ → /it͡ɕɨ/
From Middle Chinese 一 (ʔiɪt̚).
Compare modern Hokkien reading it.


一

*/pʲitə/ → ⟨pi₁to₂⟩ → /ɸito/ → /hito/
From Old Japanese 一 (pi₁to₂), from earlier Proto-Japonic *pitə. Cognate with Okinawan 一 (tī)
Related to 二 (futa, “two”), which is its double. Compare 三 (mi, “three”) and 六 (mu, “six”), 四 (yo, “four”) and 八 (ya, “eight”).


一

ja-pos

一(ひい) • (hī)


一

Borrowing from Mandarin 一 (yī) in the Qing Dynasty.


一

From Proto-Ryukyuan *pite, from earlier Proto-Japonic *pitə. Cognate with Japanese 一 (hito). Related to 二 (tā), which is its double.


この

/kokono/ → /kono/
Abbreviation of Old Japanese kokono (“nine”).

ひい、ふう、みい、よう、いつ、むう、なな、やあ、この、とお。

Hī, fū, mī, yō, itsu, mū, nana, yā, kono, tō.


九

九 (canonical)
kyū (romanization)
kiu (romanization)
きう (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese 九 (MC kjuwX). The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. Borrowed after palatalization occurred in Middle Chinese. Compare modern Hakka 九 (giu³).


九

From Early Middle Chinese 九 (MC kjuwX). The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.


九

From Old Japanese from Proto-Japonic *kəkənə.
First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.


九

/kokono/ → /kono/
Abbreviation of Old Japanese 九 (kokono, “nine”).

ひい、ふう、みい、…なな、やあ、この、とお


one hundred

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-one hundred.wav


七

From Old Japanese 七 (nana), ultimately from Proto-Japonic *nana.


七

Japanese: 七 (nana)

夜麻登能多加佐士怒袁那那由久袁登賣杼母多禮袁志摩加牟

多加佐士怒袁 たかさじのを

多禮袁志摩加牟 たれをしまかむ

Yamato no Takasajino o nana yuku otome-domo tare o shi makamu


q

The ordinal number seventeenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called cue and written in the Latin script.


set

Inherited from Latin septem (“seven”), from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥. Cognates include Occitan sèt.


set

From Latin sitis, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰítis.


set

Middle French: sept
French: sept

Norman: sept, saept (Guernsey)

Walloon: set


set

From Latin septem, from Proto-Italic *septem. Cognates include Italian sette and French sept.


set

From Latin septem, from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥.

(Rumantsch Grischun, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) seven


v

head

v (lower case Roman numeral, upper case V)

Lower case form of upper case roman numeral V, from abbreviation of IIIIΛ or IIIIV (representing 5), from tally stick markings resembling \\\\⋁ or ////⋀, from the practice of designating each fifth notch with a double cut, like the corresponding Western tally mark, .


四

⟨yo₂⟩ → */jə/ → /jo/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *yə.
In modern Japanese, Japonic よ (yo) is more common than Sinitic し (shi, see Etymology 3) outside fixed compounds, which is similar to 七(なな) (nana) but different from other numerals. The reason may be a superstitious connection to 死(し) (shi), or simply avoiding confusion with similar sounding 一(いち) (ichi) and 七(しち) (shichi).


四

Shift from yo above, influenced by analogy by the final sound of preceding number 三 (san, “three”). The most common form as a stand-alone number.


四

/si/ → /ɕi/
From Middle Chinese 四 (MC siɪᴴ).
Compare modern Hakka 四 (si).


四

ja-pos

四(スー) • (sū)

小四喜

四喜和 (sūshīhō)

大四喜

四喜和 (sūshīhō)


四

Japanese: 四 (yo, yon)

From Proto-Japonic *yə.
Also used as 借訓 (shakkun) kana for ⟨yo₂⟩.


三

*/sam/ → /samu/ → /saɴ/
From Middle Chinese 三 (MC sam|samH). Compare modern Mandarin 三 (sān).
In Old Japanese, this kanji was used phonetically to transcribe さむ (samu).


三

Borrowing from Mandarin 三 (sān), with the pitch accent different from etymology 1.


三

⟨mi₁⟩ → /mi/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *mi.
Likely an apophonic form of 六 (mu, “six”), compare 四 (yo, “four”) with 八 (ya, “eight”).

一、二、三、四、[…]


三

三(みい) • (mī)

一、二、三、四、五、六、七、八、九、十

hī, fū, mī, yō, itsu, mū, nā, yā, kō, tō

one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten


l

The ordinal number twelfth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called el and written in the Latin script.


r

Old English lower case letter r, from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case r of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚱ.

The ordinal number eighteenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called ar and written in the Latin script.


fire

From Old Norse fjórir, from Proto-Germanic *fedwōr, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres (“four”).


fire

From Danish fire, Old Norse fjórir, from Proto-Germanic *fedwōr, from *kʷetwṓr, the neuter form of Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.


du

From Proto-Nuristani *dū, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dwáH, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.


du

From Latin duo, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.


du

From Esperanto du, from French deux, Spanish dos, Italian due, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.


du

From Sanskrit द्व (dva), from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁. Compare Hindi दो (do), Bhojpuri दू (dū), Konkani दोन (don).


du

dù (canonical masculine)
dvì (feminine)
dù (masculine nominative)
dvì (feminine nominative)
dviejų̃ (genitive masculine)
dviejų̃ (feminine genitive)
dvíem (dative masculine)
dvíem (dative feminine)
dù (accusative masculine)
dvì (accusative feminine)
dviẽm (instrumental masculine)
dviẽm (feminine instrumental)
dviejuosè (locative masculine)
dviejosè (feminine locative)
du (cardinal masculine)
dvi (cardinal feminine)
dveji (masculine plural)
dvejos (feminine plural)
dvejetas (collective masculine)
dvejeta (collective feminine)
antras (masculine ordinal)
antra (feminine ordinal)

From Proto-Baltic *d(u)u̯ō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁. Compare Latvian divi. Cognate to Latin duo.


du

From Proto-Iranian *dwáH (compare Persian دو (do), Pashto دوه (dwa), Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀 (duua)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dwáH (compare Sanskrit द्व (dvá), Marathi दोन (don), Hindi दो (do)/Urdu دو (do), Punjabi ਦੋ (do)), from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (compare Russian два (dva), Lithuanian du, Greek δύο (dýo), Spanish dos, English two).


san

From Proto-Khasian *san. Compare Pnar san, Lyngngam san, War-Jaintia san.


san

From Proto-Khasian *san, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *suun ~ *suən ~ *sən; cognate with Khasi san, Mang han², Mon မသုန် (pəsɔn) and Proto-Palaungic *pəsan (whence Riang [Lang] kʰan¹ and Danau θʊn⁴).


bi

bi (absolutive indefinite)
bia (absolutive indefinite singular)
biak (absolutive indefinite plural)
bik (ergative indefinite)
biak (ergative indefinite singular)
biek (ergative indefinite plural)
biri (dative indefinite)
biari (dative indefinite singular)
biei (dative indefinite plural)
biren (genitive indefinite)
biaren (genitive indefinite singular)
bien (genitive indefinite plural)
birekin (comitative indefinite)
biarekin (comitative indefinite singular)
biekin (comitative indefinite plural)
birengatik (causative indefinite)
biarengatik (causative indefinite singular)
biengatik (causative indefinite plural)
birentzat (benefactive indefinite)
biarentzat (benefactive indefinite singular)
bientzat (benefactive indefinite plural)
biz (indefinite instrumental)
biaz (indefinite instrumental singular)
biez (indefinite instrumental plural)
birengan (animate indefinite inessive)
biarengan (animate indefinite inessive singular)
biengan (animate indefinite inessive plural)
bitan (inanimate indefinite inessive)
bian (inanimate indefinite inessive singular)
bietan (inanimate indefinite inessive plural)
bitako (inanimate indefinite locative)
biko (inanimate indefinite locative singular)
bietako (inanimate indefinite locative plural)
birengana (allative animate indefinite)
biarengana (allative animate indefinite singular)
biengana (allative animate indefinite plural)
bitara (allative inanimate indefinite)
bira (allative inanimate indefinite singular)
bietara (allative inanimate indefinite plural)
birenganaino (animate indefinite terminative)
biarenganaino (animate indefinite singular terminative)
bienganaino (animate indefinite plural terminative)
bitaraino (inanimate indefinite terminative)
biraino (inanimate indefinite singular terminative)
bietaraino (inanimate indefinite plural terminative)
birenganantz (animate directive indefinite)
biarenganantz (animate directive indefinite singular)
bienganantz (animate directive indefinite plural)
bitarantz (directive inanimate indefinite)
birantz (directive inanimate indefinite singular)
bietarantz (directive inanimate indefinite plural)
birenganako (animate destinative indefinite)
biarenganako (animate destinative indefinite singular)
bienganako (animate destinative indefinite plural)
bitarako (destinative inanimate indefinite)
birako (destinative inanimate indefinite singular)
bietarako (destinative inanimate indefinite plural)
birengandik (ablative animate indefinite)
biarengandik (ablative animate indefinite singular)
biengandik (ablative animate indefinite plural)
bitatik (ablative inanimate indefinite)
bitik (ablative inanimate indefinite singular)
bietatik (ablative inanimate indefinite plural)
birik (indefinite partitive)
bitzat (indefinite prolative)

Probably from Proto-Basque *biga (“two”), given the fact that dialectal forms like biga and bida (with *-g- > -d-) are phonetically more conservative. Often compared with Iberian bi (“two”).


p

The ordinal number sixteenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called pee and written in the Latin script.


yon

Inherited from Latin ūnus. Doublet of un (indefinite article).


t

The ordinal number twentieth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called tee and written in the Latin script.


b

The ordinal number second, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called bee and written in the Latin script.


dew

diw (feminine)
dew (mutation unmutated)
dhew (mutation mutation-soft)
tew (mutation)
tew (mutation mutation-mixed)
tew (after-th mutation mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *dow, from Proto-Celtic *duwo, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.


kin

From French cinq, Spanish cinco, Italian cinque, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.


k

The ordinal number eleventh, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called kay and written in the Latin script.


thirty-one

Toad, that vnder cold ſtone, / Dayes and Nights ha's thirty one: / Sweltred Venom ſleeping got, / Boyle thou firſt i'th'charmed pot.

c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i], page 143, column 2:

The cardinal number immediately following thirty and before thirty-two; thirty plus one.


g

The ordinal number seventh, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called gee and written in the Latin script.


m

head

m (lower case roman numeral, upper case M)

From upper case roman numeral M (1000), an alteration of ⋈, from ∞, an alteration of ↀ, an alteration of Ⓧ, from encircling X (the roman numeral for ten) to indicate the hundredth ten.

(Roman numerals) The cardinal number one thousand (1000).


m

The ordinal number thirteenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called em and written in the Latin script.


m

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l/b-ŋa. Cognates include Chinese 五 (wǔ) and Burmese ငါး (nga:).


h

The ordinal number eighth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called aitch and written in the Latin script.


n

The ordinal number fourteenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called en and written in the Latin script.


manga

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l/b-ŋa. Cognate with Burmese ငါး (nga:), Nuosu ꉬ (nge), Sikkimese ང (nga), Eastern Min 五 (ngô, ngū).


d

d (lower case Roman numeral, upper case D)

Lower case form of upper case roman numeral D, a standardization of Ꟈ or Ð, from tally stick markings resembling a superimposed Ɔ and ⋀, from the practice of encircling each hundredth ⋀ notch.


d

From the Old English lower case letter d, from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case d of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᛞ.

The ordinal number fourth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called dee and written in the Latin script.


s

The ordinal number nineteenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called ess and written in the Latin script.


pet

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pętь, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.


pet

pẹ̑t (canonical)
pẹ̑t (nominative plural)
+ genitive (nominative plural)
pétih (genitive plural)
+ genitive (genitive plural)
pétim (dative plural)
+ dative (dative plural)
pẹ̑t (accusative plural)
+ genitive (accusative plural)
pétih (locative plural)
+ locative (locative plural)
pétimi (instrumental plural)
+ instrumental (instrumental plural)
pẹ̑t (plural vocative)
+ circumflex genitive (plural vocative)
pẹ̑t (nominative plural)
+ genitive (nominative plural)
pẹ̑t (genitive plural)
+ genitive (genitive plural)
pẹ̑t (dative plural)
+ dative (dative plural)
pẹ̑t (accusative plural)
+ genitive (accusative plural)
pẹ̑t (locative plural)
+ locative (locative plural)
pẹ̑t (instrumental plural)
+ instrumental (instrumental plural)
pẹ̑t (plural vocative)
+ circumflex genitive (plural vocative)

From Proto-Slavic *pętь, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.


pet

From Proto-Tai *peːtᴰ (“eight”), from Chinese 八 (MC peat, “eight”). Cognate with Thai แปด (bpɛ̀ɛt), Lao ແປດ (pǣt), Lü ᦶᦔᧆᧈ (ṗaed¹), Tai Dam ꪵꪜꪒ, Shan ပႅတ်ႇ (pèt), Tai Nüa ᥙᥦᥖᥱ (pǎet), Ahom 𑜆𑜢𑜄𑜫 (pit), Bouyei beedt, Zhuang bet.

cog

Lü ᦶᦔᧆᧈ (ṗaed¹)


c

head

c (lower case Roman numeral, upper case C)

Lower case form of upper case roman numeral C, a standardization of Ɔ and C because the latter happens to be an abbreviation of Latin centum (“hundred”), from abbreviation of ƆIC, an alternative form of >I<, from tally stick markings resembling Ж (a superimposed X and I), from the practice of designating each tenth X notch with an extra cut.


c

Old English lower case letter c, from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case c of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚳ (c, “cen”).

The ordinal number third, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called cee and written in the Latin script.


full

(colloquial) Alternative spelling of ful


兆

ja-pos

兆(ちょう) • (chō)

5000兆円欲しい！


京

10,000,000,000,000,000, 10¹⁶, (US) ten quadrillion, (UK) ten thousand billion


参

/samʉ/ → /saɴ/
From Middle Chinese 參 (MC sam).

(law) Financial form of 三 (san): 3, three


垓

A number of 10²⁰ in modern Japanese since 17th century.


e

The letter name is ultimately from Latin ē. Use of the Latin letter in (Old) English displaced, in whole or in part, five futhorc letters in the 7th century: ᛖ (e), ᚫ (æ), ᛠ (ea), ᛇ (eo), and ᛟ (œ).

The ordinal number fifth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.


home

(Codex Magliabechiano) Obsolete spelling of ōme.


廿

廿 (canonical)
nijū (romanization)
nizifu (romanization)
にじふ (hiragana historical)

(dated) Alternative spelling of 二十 (nijū): twenty, 20


hun

un (mutation mutation-radical)
hun (mutation prothesis-h)

ei hun ei hun

(Compare: ei un ei hun


没

Nôm form of mốt (“(only in compounds or fixed expressions) one; -one”).


छ

Inherited from Sanskrit षष् (ṣaṣ), cognate with Hindi छह (chah).


छ

cha (romanization)
छ (nominative plural)
छ (accusative plural)
छहि (instrumental plural)
छन्नं (dative plural)
छहि (ablative plural)
छन्नं (genitive plural)
छसु (locative plural)

अथ सब्बासं विभत्तीनं यानि यानि पुब्बानि छ पदानि तानि तानि परस्सपदसञ्ञानि होन्ति।

c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar], page 250; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:

Then whatever are the first six endings of all the endings, they are called the active endings.

Atha sabbāsaṃ vibhattīnaṃ yāni yāni pubbāni cha padāni, tāni tāni parassapadasaññāni honti.


澗

undecillion, a number of 10³⁶ in modern Japanese since 17th century.


quadrillion

→ Welsh: cwadriliwn

From French quadrillion, from quadri- (“four”) + -illion.

Previous: trilliard. Next: quadrilliard.

“I’m not sure I understand why we have to send a quadrillion-credit mission to another galaxy.”
He looked fleetingly amused. “Quintillion... and we don’t have a choice, Harper. Any of us, really, but humanity especially.”

2017 November, N. K. Jemisin, Mac Walters, chapter 1, in Mass Effect Andromeda: Initiation, 1st edition (Science Fiction), Titan Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 32:

Integrating data from all continents and major biomes, we conservatively estimate 20 × 10¹⁵ (20 quadrillion) ants on Earth, with a total biomass of 12 megatons of dry carbon.

2022 September 19, P. Schultheiss et al., “The abundance, biomass, and distribution of ants on Earth”, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, page 1, column 2:

(US, modern British and Australian, short scale) A thousand trillion (logic: 1,000 × 1,000⁴): 1 followed by fifteen zeros, 10¹⁵.

կվադրիլիոն

a thousand trillion (1,000,000,000,000,000); a billiard — see also a thousand trillion (1,000,000,000,000,000); a billiard

(dated, UK, Australia, long scale) A million trillion (logic: 1,000,000⁴): 1 followed by twenty-four zeros, 10²⁴.

քառիլիոն

a million trillion, 1024 — see also septillion


quadrillion

Inherited from Middle French quadrillion, from quadri- (“four”) + -illion.


溝

ja-pos

溝(こう) • (kō)

[from 17th c.] a hundred nonillion, equivalent to 10³²


爪

Distantly related with Proto-Mongolic *ǰaxun (“hundred”), whence Classical Mongolian ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ (ǰaɣun) (> Mongolian зуу (zuu) and Daur jau).


twenty-seven

The cardinal number immediately following twenty-six and preceding twenty-eight.


twenty-six

The cardinal number immediately following twenty-five and preceding twenty-seven.


twenty-four

The cardinal number immediately following twenty-three and preceding twenty-five.


twenty-nine

The cardinal number immediately following twenty-eight and preceding thirty.

二十九

にじゅうきゅう, nijūkyū, にじゅうく, nijūku


twenty-three

The cardinal number after twenty-two and before twenty-four.


twenty-eight

The lunar quality of Osiris's body is emphasized by his age of twenty-eight, the number of the phases of the moon.

1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 217:

The cardinal number immediately following twenty-seven and preceding twenty-nine.


quatre-vingts

Louisiana Creole: katre-vin

From quatre (“four”) and vingt (“twenty”), both of which are derived from Latin. The vigesimal pattern of expressing 80 as 4×20, however, is of Celtic origin; see, for example, Irish fichead. (The Latin for 80 is octōgintā.).


理

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-r-gja. Compare Old Burmese ရျာ (rya).


正

A number of ten-duodecillion (10⁴⁰) in modern Japanese since 17th century.

5, as tally marks. Similar to four vertical lines followed by a slanted horizontal line crossing through them, this character is used to count to 5 stroke by stroke. Thus this kanji written up to the third stroke represents 3. After the fifth and final stroke, when this character is completed, one starts writing this character again to count to higher numbers.


正

正(しょう) • (shō)


twenty-five

The cardinal number immediately following twenty-four and preceding twenty-six.

that and twenty-five cents will get you a cup of coffee


twenty-two

The number after twenty-one and before twenty-three. Represented in Arabic digits as 22.


秭

A trillion trillion, 10²⁴, or a septillion of modern English in modern Japanese since 17th century.


twenty-one

The cardinal number occurring after twenty and before twenty-two, represented in Roman numerals as XXI and in Arabic numerals as 21.


穣

A number of 10²⁸ in modern Japanese since 17th century.


fier

Inherited from Central Franconian vier, from Middle High German vier, from Old High German fior, from Proto-West Germanic *feuwar, from Proto-Germanic *fedwōr, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwṓr, the neuter form of *kʷetwóres.
Cognate with German vier and Luxembourgish véier.

Ich hon fier Menner gesihn.


έντεκα

head

έντεκα • (énteka)

el-numeral

έντεκα • (énteka)

From Ancient Greek ἕνδεκᾰ (héndeka).
Cognate with Mariupol Greek э́ндэка (éndeka), э́ндека (éndjeka).


εννέα

Probably a learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἐννέα (ennéa), from Proto-Hellenic *ennéwə, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.
Compare the inherited εννιά (enniá), Mariupol Greek энэ́я (enéja).


επτά

From Ancient Greek ἑπτά (heptá, “seven”), from Proto-Hellenic *heptə́, from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥.
Cognate with Mariupol Greek эфта́ (eftá).


τέσσερα

head

τέσσερα • (téssera) n (masculine and feminine τέσσερις)

téssera (romanization)
τέσσερις (feminine masculine)

El-τέσσερα.ogg

From Ancient Greek τέσσᾰρᾰ (téssara), neuter form of τέσσᾰρες (téssares).
Cognate with Mariupol Greek тэ́сера (tésjera).


έξι

From Ancient Greek ἕξ (héx), from Proto-Hellenic *hwéks, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.
Compare Mariupol Greek экс (eks).


τρία

neuter nominative/accusative of τρεῖς (treîs)


τρία

τρία • (tría) n (masculine and feminine τρεις)

tría (romanization)
τρεις (feminine masculine)

Τροία (Troía)

From Ancient Greek τρία (tría), neuter form of τρεῖς (treîs), from Proto-Hellenic *tréyes, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.
Compare Mariupol Greek три́я (tríja).


δώδεκα

grc-num

δώδεκᾰ • (dṓdeka) (ordinal δωδέκᾰτος, adverbial δωδεκᾰ́κῐς)

δώδεκᾰ (canonical)
dṓdeka (romanization)
δωδέκᾰτος (ordinal)
δωδεκᾰ́κῐς (adverbial)

Greek: δώδεκα (dódeka)

desc

Mariupol Greek: дъо́дъэка (ðóðeka), дъо́дъека (ðóðjeka)

Sicilian: dùdica-

From Proto-Indo-European *dwoΗdeḱm̥. Cognates include Sanskrit द्वादश (dvā́daśa) and Latin duodecim.


δώδεκα

head

δώδεκα • (dódeka)

el-numeral

δώδεκα • (dódeka)

From Ancient Greek δώδεκα (dṓdeka), from Proto-Indo-European *dwoΗdeḱm̥.
Cognate with Mariupol Greek дъо́дъэка (ðóðeka), дъо́дъека (ðóðjeka).


δέκα

grc-num

δέκᾰ • (déka) (ordinal δέκᾰτος, adverbial δεκᾰ́κῐς)

δέκᾰ (canonical)
déka (romanization)
δέκᾰτος (ordinal)
δεκᾰ́κῐς (adverbial)

Greek: δέκα (déka)

desc

Mariupol Greek: дъэ́ка (ðéka), дъе́ка (ðjéka)

→ English: deca-

From Proto-Hellenic *dékə, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥. Cognates include Sanskrit दश (dáśa), Latin decem, Old Armenian տասն (tasn) and Old English tīen (English ten).


δέκα

From Ancient Greek δέκα (déka), from Proto-Hellenic *dékə, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.
Cognate with Mariupol Greek дъэ́ка (ðéka), дъе́ка (ðjéka).


ένας

head

ένας • (énas) m

énas (romanization)
ένας (masculine nominative)
μια (feminine nominative)
μία (feminine nominative)
ένα (neuter nominative)
ενός (genitive masculine)
μιας (feminine genitive)
μίας (feminine genitive)
ενός (genitive neuter)
ένα (accusative masculine)
έναν (accusative masculine)
μια (accusative feminine)
μία (accusative feminine)
μιαν (accusative feminine)
μίαν (accusative feminine)
ένα (accusative neuter)

From Byzantine Greek ἕνας (hénas), from Ancient Greek ἕνα (héna) the accusative of εἷς (heîs), from Proto-Hellenic *hens, *hmia, from Proto-Indo-European *sḗm, *smih₂.


δύο

grc-num

δύο • (dúo) (ordinal δεύτερος, adverbial δίς)

dúo (romanization)
δεύτερος (ordinal)
δίς (adverbial)
δῠ́ο (dual nominative)
δῠ́ο (nominative plural)
δῠοῖν (dual genitive)
δῠεῖν (dual genitive)
δῠῶν (genitive plural)
δῠοῖν (dative dual)
δῠεῖν (dative dual)
δῠσῐ́ (dative plural)
δῠσῐ́ν (dative plural)
δῠοῖσῐ (dative plural)
dusí (dative plural)
dusín (dative plural)
duoîsi (dative plural)
δῠ́ο (accusative dual)
δῠ́ο (accusative plural)
δῠ́ο (dual vocative)
δῠ́ο (plural vocative)

grc-decl

δῠοῖν, δῠεῖν

δῠσῐ́(ν), δῠοῖσῐ

* The genitive and dative dual δῠεῖν (dueîn) is found mainly in later Attic (especially in the feminine).

Greek: δύο (dýo, “two”)

From Proto-Hellenic *dúwō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁. Cognates include Sanskrit द्व (dvá), Old Armenian երկու (erku), Latin duo, and Old English twā (English two).


δύο

From Ancient Greek δύο (dúo), from Proto-Hellenic *dúwō, from Proto-Indo-European *duwó, *duwéh₃ (*dwóh₁).
Compare Mariupol Greek дъы́я (ðýja), дъи́я (ðíja).


septem

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: shapti, shapte

Istro-Romanian: șåpte

Megleno-Romanian: șapti

Romanian: șapte

Dalmatian:

sapto

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: sette, setti

Gallurese: setti

Italian: sette

Neapolitan: sette

Sassarese: setti

Sicilian: setti, sietti

North Italian:

Emilian: sêt

Friulian: siet

Istriot: siete

Ladin: set

Romansch: set, siat, seat

Venetian: sete

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: sèpt

desctree

Old French: set
Middle French: sept
French: sept
Norman: sept, saept (Guernsey)
Walloon: set

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: set

Occitan: sèt

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: siet, siete

Asturian: siete

Mirandese: siete

Old Galician-Portuguese: sete

Portuguese: sete
Kadiwéu: seete
Macanese: séti

Galician: sete

Spanish: siete
→ Ilocano: siete
→ Tagalog: siyete

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: sete, seti

[ˈs̠ɛpt̪ɛ̃ˑ]

From Proto-Italic *septem, from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥.
Cognates include Sanskrit सप्तन् (saptán), Ancient Greek ἑπτά (heptá), Old English seofon (English seven) and Old Church Slavonic седмь (sedmĭ).

at Nileus, qui se genitum septemplice Nilo ementitus erat, clipeo quoque flumina septem argento partim, partim caelaverat auro

But Nileus, who falsely claimed he was born of the seven-fold Nile, had upon [his] shield the seven streams, part in silver and part engraved in gold

quam diligens Iacob ait serviam tibi pro Rahel filia tua minore septem annis

And Jacob loved Rachel; and said, I will serve thee seven years for Rachel thy younger daughter.


septem

Latin: septem (see there for further descendants)

Oscan: 𐌔𐌄𐌚𐌕𐌄𐌍 (seften) < *sepʰten?


quinque

Balkan Romance:

Aromanian: tsintsi

Istro-Romanian: ćinć

Megleno-Romanian: tsints, ținți

Romanian: cinci

Dalmatian:

cionco

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: cinque, cinqui

Italian: cinque

→ Sabir: cinque

Neapolitan: cinco

Sicilian: cincu

Insular Romance:

desc

Sardinian: chimbe (Logudorese), cincu (Campidanese)

North Italian:

Gallo-Italic:

Ligurian: çìnque

Old Lombard: zinqui

Lombard: cinch

Piedmontese: sinch

Romagnol: zéncv

Emilian: zénc

Friulian: cinc

Istriot: sinque

Ladin: cinch

Romansch: tschintg

Venetian: sinque, zsinque

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: cinq

desctree

Old French: cinc
Gallo: sinq, sin
Middle French: cinq (see there for further descendants)
Norman: chînq, chinq (Guernsey), chin (continental), chin
Walloon: cénk

Occitano-Romance:

Catalan: cinc

Occitan: cinc

Ibero-Romance:

Navarro-Aragonese: cinco

Aragonese: zinco, cinco

Old Leonese: cincu

Asturian: cinco, cincu

Extremaduran: cincu

Leonese: cincu

Mirandese: cinco

Old Galician-Portuguese: cinco, cinque

Galician: cinco

Portuguese: cinco (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: cinco

Ladino: sinko

Spanish: cinco (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Italic *kʷenkʷe, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe (the Italic *kʷ-kʷ, which developed by a consonant shift from *p-kʷ, is also found in words like coquō; compare proto-Celtic *kʷinkʷe). Cognates include Sanskrit पञ्चन् (páñcan), Ancient Greek πέντε (pénte), Old Armenian հինգ (hing), Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌼𐍆 (fimf) and Old English fīf (English five). Doublet of Pompeii.

Iam tempora Titan quinque per autumnos repetiti duxerat anni

Now Titan had led time through five autumn seasons

acceptis autem quinque panibus et duobus piscibus respexit in caelum et benedixit illis et fregit et distribuit discipulis suis ut ponerent ante turbas

Then he took the five loaves and the two fishes, and looking up to heaven, he blessed them, and brake, and gave to the disciples to set before the multitude.