hallo

From Middle English halou, halow, halloo (interjection used to call attention), representing Old English hēlā, ǣlā, ēalā (“O!, alas!, oh!, lo!”), equivalent to hey + lo.

It sounds like a sum in the rule of three. The answer should give us the— But hallo! here are the accredited representatives of the law.

1890 February, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “Sherlock Holmes Gives a Demonstration”, in The Sign of Four (Standard Library), London: Spencer Blackett […], →OCLC, page 98:


hallo

Imperative of Middle High German haln (“to fetch (a ferryman)”); see German hallo.

bor

hello (a greeting usually used to answer the telephone)

(as a noun, rare) n hello ("Hello!" or an equivalent greeting)


hallo

Petjo: hallo

→ Indonesian: halo

Borrowed from English hello, halloo, hollo.

hello (a general greeting used when meeting somebody)


hallo

hello (exclamation to indicate oneself, which usually is used when starting a telephone call)

Ma teen kõike üksi, hallo, mis mul viga on!

I do everything alone, hello, what's wrong with me!

(informal) an exclamation indicating wonder, demand, disapproval


hallo

Originally used as a call to the ferryman on the other side of the bank; related to Old High German holā, emphatic imperative of holōn (“to fetch, used especially in hailing a ferryman”), from Proto-West Germanic *holōn (“to fetch”). Also see French holà (“hey! stop!”).

hello (a general greeting used when meeting someone)


hallo

hello (a greeting usually used to answer the telephone or when meeting somebody)


buss

buss på tjuven!

command to a dog to attack: get, bite, catch


ce

Coordinate term: a ce

(Near Masovian, often repeated) used to call


echt

From Middle High German echt, borrowed from Middle Low German echt (“lawful, genuine”). The original form is Middle Low German ēhaft (“lawful”), from ē (“law”) (related to modern Ehe); then ēhacht by the Low German development -ft- → -cht- (compare Nichte); and eventually contracted into echt. Cognate to Old High German ēhaft (“honourable”) and Dutch echt.

der

"Ich lebe erst seit 2 Jahren in Deutschland." "Echt? Du sprichst sehr gut Deutsch."

"I've only been living in Germany for 2 years." "Really? Your German is very good."

expresses disbelief or shock at new information


pik

beep, peep, pip (used to imitate the high and short sound that some electronic devices make)

dub (used to imitate the sound made when the heart beats)


pik

(colloquial) used when something is pricked, a sound made when a puncture is performed


ra

"You guys are doing great. Ra ra ra! Go get 'em, guys."

1982, Douglas Adams, Life, the Universe and Everything, page 140:

Ra-ra and all that. So cheerleaders have a harder time climbing flights of stairs?

"Ra! Ra! You can do it! Ra! Ra! Just get to it!"

2022, Russ Harris, The Happiness Trap, second edition, page 235:

Alternative spelling of rah (“exclamation of encouragement”)


gut

Gut, daar heb ik nooit zo over nagedacht.


gut

Inherited from Middle High German guot, from Old High German guot, from Proto-West Germanic *gōd, from Proto-Germanic *gōdaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ- (“to unite, be associated, suit”).
Cognates
Cognate to Luxembourgish gutt, Silesian East Central German gutt, Dutch goed, West Frisian goed, Saterland Frisian goud, English good, Danish god, Norwegian god and Swedish god.

Gut, dann fangen wir mal an.


ne

inherited from Old Czech ne, from Proto-Slavic *ne, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ne, from Proto-Indo-European *ne.


ne

Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme

From Proto-Indo-European *né-h₁ (“that way, so”), which consists of *áno- (“yonder”, pronomial stem, distal) + *-h₁ (modal and instrumental suffix). Cognate with Ancient Greek νή (nḗ, “yes, indeed”) and Proto-Germanic *-nā (emphatic suffix after adverbs) which features in Icelandic svona (“so”), hérna (“here”), and þarna (“there”). The same pronominal stem is also present in the words enim (“for; truly”), nempe (“indeed”), and nam (“for”).

cog

At enim te in disciplinam meam tradideras—nam ita dixisti—domum meam ventitaras. Ne tu, si id fecisses, melius famae, melius pudicitiae tuae consuluisses.

You had however committed yourself to my instruction and frequented my house, or so you claimed. You would certainly have been more mindful of your virtue and reputation if you had!

truly!, indeed!; only joined with personal pronouns and commonly connected with other affirmative particles


ne

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ne, from Proto-Indo-European *ne.

no (used to show disagreement or negation)


ne

From Proto-Iranian *na, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *na, from Proto-Indo-European *ne. Related to na.


ne

From Proto-Slavic *ne, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ne, from Proto-Indo-European *ne.

Jesi li demokrat? Ne!


halal

Halaldır sənə!


halal

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish حلال (halal).


po

Po yo pensaba que no.

Po sí

¡Sí po!

¡Ya, po!


ho

From Middle English ho, hoo (interjection), probably from Old Norse hó! (interjection, also, a shepherd's call). Compare Dutch ho, German ho, Old French ho! (“hold!, halt!”).

der

Sail ho! ― Another boat is visible!

Land ho! ― Land is visible!

Man ho! ― A town is visible!

(nautical) Used to attract attention to something sighted, usually by lookouts.

What noise there, ho?

c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iii]:

Ho! who's within?

c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene vi]:

O ho, O ho! Would't had been done!

1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:

Ho! all ye females that would live unshent, / Fly from the reach of Cyned's regiment.

"That was a shot! But the captain will be glad! Ho, ho, here we are!" he cried till it was re-echoed from all the hills around.

1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 93:

"So I catch you. You stealer! Ho! Ho!"

1932, Delos W. Lovelace, King Kong, published 1965, page 11:

"How such swooning daughters can do it, constantly fainting and having hysterics, is a mystery to me," said Muriel Jane. "Ho, they're a pretty sly lot," said Silvander Dan.

1936, Norman Lindsay, The Flyaway Highway, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 24:

halloo; hey; a call to excite attention, or to give notice of approach.

"I'll hit you again, you thief !” he cried angrily, shaking “Ho-ho-ho!” he croaked.

1900, Ching Foo, the Yellow Dwarf; Or the Bradys and the Opium Smokers, page 2:

It was quite an astonishing show. Colonel Paul Malone of the U.S. Army kept thwacking away with all his might and main, shouting "Ho!"

1955, John Sack, From Here to Shimbashi - Volume 637, page 172:

Mona: Hee! Ha! Ho! Ha! The brain buffet is closed, buddy! Take that! And this!

1999, Mona the Vampire, "Attack of the Living Scarecrow" (season 1, episode 1a)

Ho! Take that vile Foresythe!” He snapped his wrist, clicking the stick against the bowed sides of a barrel.

2008, Daniel Hellmund, The Answer for Laria, page 93:

(rare) Said accompanying a vigorous attack.


ho

¿Sabíes eso, ho?

Vamos pa mio casa, ho

friendly interjection used at the end of a phrase when speaking to someone, "bro", "man"

¡Apara yá, ho!

used closing the sentence to bolster the attention of the listener; emphatic


ho

(onomatopoeia) Signifies a hearty laugh.


ho

Compare Karelian ho. An interjection that is found in many languages.


ho

Ho ! Tout doux !

Used by tamers to calm the animal they are taming, especially horses; whoa

Ho mon Dieu !


ho

Para, ho!

Non o volvo facer! Non ho!


ho

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *həqə (“yes; expression of agreement”).

inh

yes (word used to indicate agreement or acceptance)


ho

English: ho

Yola: ho

Probably from Old Norse hó! (interjection, also, a shepherd's call).


ho

Ho! Ușor!

Used to calm or stop a domestic animal, especially horses; whoa.

Ho! Nu mai țipa !


ho

From Middle English ho, from Old Norse hó.

Ha-ho! be mee coshes, th'ast ee-pait it, co Joane;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 13, page 90:

Hey-ho! by my conscience, you have paid it, quoth John;


ea

>? Middle English: a, aa, ah

English: ah

Scots: ah

Uncertain. Perhaps from earlier *eah, *æh, from Proto-West Germanic *a, *ah (“ah”), related to Old High German a, ah (“ah”). Alternatively from Proto-West Germanic *au, cognate with Old High German au, ō (“oh, ah”).


ea

come on!, come now! (expressing encouragement)

so, and so, now (expressing resolution, preceding a willful resolution)


mus

From Proto-Hmong *n-mʉŋᴮ (“to go”), from Proto-Hmong-Mien *n-mʉŋ(X) (“id”). Cognate with Proto-Mien *n-mɨŋᴬ (“id”), whence Iu Mien mingh.


thanks

From Middle English thanks, thankes, from Old English þancas (“thanks”), from Proto-Germanic *þankōs, nominative plural of *þankaz (“thought, gratitude”), from Proto-Indo-European *teng- (“to think, feel”). More at thank.

der

Could you give me a hand, please? — Yes, sure. — Thanks.

Your last gift, for which thanks, made my family so happy.

Thanks, courteous wall: Jove shield thee well for this!

c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:

Used to express appreciation or gratitude.

dankie

used to express appreciation or gratitude


thanks

Thanks dat je de vaat gisterenavond gedaan had, ik had er zelf geen tijd voor.

Thanks for doing the dishes yesterday evening, I didn't have time for it myself.


own

— Own, que fofo, tão gentil você!

2014, Daniele Nhasser, Amor, és Real, Aped - Apoio e Produção Editora Ltda., →ISBN, page 40:

— Own, você está preocupado com o meu pé — Sera disse, abrindo um sorriso.

2014, Lisa McMann, O alçapão, Editora Seguinte, →ISBN, page 9:


Christ

From Middle English Crist, from Old English Crist, from Latin Christus, from Ancient Greek Χρῑστός (Khrīstós), proper noun use of χρῑστός (khrīstós, “[the] anointed [one]”), a semantic loan of Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ (māšīaḥ, “anointed”) or the Aramaic equivalent (whence ultimately also English messiah, also via Latin, Greek). Compare grime for the Proto-Indo-European root, *gʰr-ey- (“to rub, smear; to anoint”); further related to ghee.

me cago en Déu, en la creu i en el fuster que la féu!


der

(Australia) Disdainful indication that something is obvious.

`Sprung!' cried Jeff Basin, the local dubbo. 'Oh, der,' moaned Boardie sarcastically.

1979, Gabrielle Carey, Kathy Lette, Puberty Blues, page 46:


der

Nonstandard spelling of there, reflecting any of a variety of accents with th-stopping.


holy

holey (in accents without the wholly-holy split)

Inherited from Middle English holi, hali, from Old English hāliġ, hāleġ (“holy, consecrated, sacred, venerated, godly, saintly, ecclesiastical, pacific, tame”), from Proto-West Germanic *hailag, from Proto-Germanic *hailagaz (“holy, bringing health”), from Proto-Germanic *hailaz (“healthy, whole”), from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ilos (“healthy, whole”), equivalent to whole + -y and a doublet of later wholly.
Cognate with Scots haly (“holy”), West Frisian hillich (“holy”), Low German hillig (“holy”), Dutch heilig (“holy”), German heilig (“holy”), Danish hellig (“holy”), Swedish helig (“holy”). More at whole.

Holy

when referring to someone or something important

(slang) An expression of astonishment and awe.


bless

An ellipsis for an expression such as bless your heart.

Ah bless! You must be the welcoming committee for anyone who dares express ignorance.

1998, Peter Coffey, “New Alternative View Of Atomic Structure”, in sci.chem (Usenet):

oh bless. *hug* that is not true. nobody here bears a grudge against 13 year old dear or against you.

2000, Hellraiser, uk.people.teens (Usenet):

Aw bless... have white chocolate fudge muffin....a new batch.... made them last night after Nigella....

2001, Will, “Am I still here?”, in uk.religion.pagan (Usenet):

(UK, Canada, informal) Used as an expression of endearment, gratitude, or (ironically) belittlement.


bless

Presumably a clipping related to the greeting vertu blessaður (literally “be blessed”), compare English God bless.


voi

From Proto-Finnic *voi (compare Ingrian voi, Karelian voi, Livonian võih, Ludian voi, Veps voi).

Alternative form: voe (dialectal)

Voi ei!

Voi hyvä Luoja!

Voi helvetti!

Voi vittu! / Voi perkele! / Voi saatana!

Voi hitto! / Voi hurja!

Voi kiesus!

Voi sentään!

oh, bloody, damn, too (used as intensifier before expletives, mild and vulgar alike)

Voi sinua!


voi

From Proto-Finnic *voi. Cognates include Finnish voi and Estonian voi.

ai voi


voi

Estonian: (dialectal) voi

Finnish: voi

Ingrian: voi

Karelian:

North Karelian: voi

South Karelian: voi

Livonian: võih

Livvi: voi

Ludian: voi

Veps: voi

Võro: võiq

Votic: voi

Perhaps of expressive origin. Compare the descendants of Proto-Indo-European *wáy such as Proto-Balto-Slavic *wái and Proto-Germanic *wai (whence English woe).


madeira

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese madeira, from Latin māteria, from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr (“mother”). Doublet of matéria, a learned borrowing. Cognates include Galician madeira and Spanish madera.

inh+

timber!; used by lumberjacks to warn others when a tree is falling down


à

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-à.wav


zoo

Zoo wough aul vell a-danceen; earch bye gae a poage

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 96:

So we all fell a-dancing; each boy gave a kiss

Zoo wough kisth, an wough parthet; earch man took his laave;

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 96:

So we kissed and we parted, each man took his leave;

Zoo wough aul returnth hime, contented an gaay,

So we all returned home, contented and gay,


not even

I heard they wanted to cancel the show tonight. –Not even!

(colloquial) Used to express strong disappointment or disapproval.


ar

(UK, West Country, West Midlands) Alternative form of arr


psi

Coordinate term: a cucu

(Near Masovian, often repeated) used to call young dogs


phi

huh, pooh used to express dismissal, contempt, impatience, etc.


ei

From the Proto-Finno-Ugric negative verb stem *e- ~ *ä- ~ *a-. Cognates include Finnish ei and Northern Sami ii.


ei

The indicative forms are from Proto-Finnic *e-, from Proto-Uralic *e- ~ *ä- ~ *a- (negative verb stem). The imperative forms are from Proto-Finnic *älä-, from the Proto-Finno-Ugric negative imperative verb stem *älä-.
Details and cognates
Noteworthy forms include eivät (pro earlier evät, reformed after ei). For more forms, see the Proto-Finnic and Proto-Uralic pages.
Cognates for the indicative forms include Estonian ei, Karelian ei, Livonian ä’b, Veps ei, Northern Sami ii, Skolt Sami ij, Erzya а- (a-), э- (e-), и- (i-), Eastern Mari ы- (y-), Udmurt уг (ug), Komi-Zyrian оз (oz), Northern Mansi [script needed] (ä-), Forest Enets [script needed] (i-) and Northern Selkup [script needed] (aša) (Taz). Cognates for the imperative forms include Estonian ära, Northern Sami ale, Kildin Sami ель (jel’), Erzya иля (iľa).
Not related to Swedish ej, Icelandic ei, Old Norse eigi, despite the similarity; the Finnic and Norse terms are false cognates.

Onko hauki lintu? Ei, se on kala.

no (used to show disagreement, negation, denial, refusal, or prohibition)


ei

For the “caressing” sense compare Dutch aaien.

(childish, parentese, often reduplicated as ei ei) said when patting or caressing a person or animal


ei

Alternative form of hei (“expression of grief or fear”)


ei

used to express pleasure, surprise or admiration


ei

Compare Russian эй (ej), Finnish hei, Ingrian hei.


pleasure

From Early Modern English pleasur, plesur, alteration (with ending accommodated to -ure) of Middle English plaisir (“pleasure”), from Old French plesir, plaisir (“to please”), infinitive used as a noun, conjugated form of plaisir or plaire, from Latin placeō (“to please, to seem good”), from the Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂-k- (“wide and flat”). Related to Dutch plezier (“pleasure, fun”). More at please.


dash

From Middle English daschen, dassen, from Danish daske (“to slap, strike”), related to Swedish daska (“to smack, slap, spank”), of obscure origin. Compare German tatschen (“to grope, paw”), Old English dwǣsċan (“to quell, put out, destroy, extinguish”). See also dush.


tu

(onomatopoeia) the sound produced by a telephone after one of the callers hangs up


nice

From Middle English nyce, nice, nys, from Old French nice, niche, nisce (“simple, foolish, ignorant”), from Latin nescius (“ignorant, not knowing”); compare nesciō (“to know not, be ignorant of”), from ne (“not”) + sciō (“to know”).

Nice! I couldn't have done better.

Is that your new car? Nice!


bari

Borrowed from Persian باری from Persian بار.


es

Uvur haramavimaken, du famud, es!

The tide is about to turn; cook the sago at once!


many thanks

An expression of gratitude, expressing greater gratitude than thank you or thanks.


ola

Compare Portuguese olá, Spanish hola, English hello.


ola

Ola, kóń nogo postrónek przestąpił.

Wait, the horse crossed the tether with its leg.


ola

"Ola, Pawikana, magandang araw sa inyo, lalung-lalo na sa mga nagpopogihang mga binata, aheeey," sabi ni Vicera na halatang kinikilig nang makita ang dalawang sireno.

2021, Rolly Ongco Pasilan, Si Lorena at ang Kaharian ng mga Sirena:


nem

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *ne (“no, not”). In the Ob-Ugric languages, it has been used only in pronominal forms such as Northern Mansi нэ̄матыр (nè̄matyr, “nothing”), нэ̄мхо̄т (nè̄mhōt, “nowhere”), нэ̄мхуньт (nè̄mhunʹt, “never”) (Sosva) and Northern Khanty нємхуйат (nêmhujat, “nobody”) (Kazym) or нємәԓхуйат (nêməłhujat)/нємәԯхуйат (nêməłhujat) etc.


nem

From Old Galician-Portuguese nen, from Latin nec (“nor; and not”). Compare Galician nin, Catalan, French, and Spanish ni, Italian né.

Você gosta de abóbora? Nem! Eu prefiro cenoura.

Do you like pumpkin? Nah! I prefer carrot.


bang

From Middle English *bangen, from Old English *bangian or borrowed from Old Norse banga (“to pound, hammer”); both from Proto-Germanic *bangōną (“to beat, pound”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰen- (“to beat, hit, injure”). Cognate with Scots bang, bung (“to strike, bang, hurl, thrash, offend”), Icelandic banga (“to pound, hammer”), Old Swedish bånga ("to hammer"; whence modern Swedish banka (“to knock, pound, bang”)), Danish banke (“to beat”), bengel (“club”), Low German bangen, bangeln (“to strike, beat”), West Frisian bingel, bongel, Dutch bengel (“bell; rascal”), German Bengel (“club”), bungen (“to throb, pulsate”).
In the sense of a fringe of hair, from bang off.
In the sense of abrupt left turn, from Boston left and associated risk of a crash.

gl

"to hammer"; whence modern Swedish <i class="Latn mention" lang="sv">banka</i> (“to knock, pound, bang”)

Audio (US)

He pointed his finger at her like a gun and said, “Bang!”

Bang! Away he goes with a mighty bound. Leo has missed him. Bang! right under him again. Now for a shot. I must have one, though he is going like an arrow, and a hundred yards away and more.

1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:

“Just like parade it had been a minute before then stumble, bang, swish! Wiped out!” he said.

1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 84:

Serve him right. Transgression—punishment—bang! Pitiless, pitiless.

1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 215:

We help to kill the bloody bandits. Bang, bang, bang.

1956, Anthony Burgess, Time for a Tiger (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 17:

A sudden percussive sound, such as made by the firing of a gun, slamming of a door, etc.


ahem

clearing one's throat
clear one's throat

(onomatopoeia) The sound of a quiet cough or of clearing one's throat.

Ahem! Could we please get started?

Enter Nobody, and the Clowne. / Nobody. Ahem boy, Nobody is ſound yet for all his troubles.

[1606], No-body, and Some-body. […], [London]: […] [James Roberts] for Iohn Trundle […], signature D2, verso:

An exclamation or cough to get attention.

Ahem! In case you didn't notice, I did my share of the work, too.

An exclamation of disapproval or annoyance.

I really (ahem!) liked the chocolate broccoli surprise.


shop

From Middle English shoppe, schoppe, from Old English sċoppa (“shed; booth; stall; shop”), from Proto-Germanic *skupp-, *skup- (“barn, shed”), from Proto-Indo-European *skub-, *skup- (“to bend, bow, curve, vault”). Cognate with Dutch schop (“spade, kick”), German Schuppen (“shed”), German Schober (“barn”), French échoppe (“booth, shop”) (< Germanic). The verb is denominal. The noun senses “act of shopping”, “purchased items” are backformed from the verb.

inh

(dated) Used to attract the services of a shop assistant


knock knock

Knock knock./Who's there?/Wendy./Wendy who?/Wendy you want to open the door?

(colloquial, often childish) A phrase used to introduce a knock knock joke.

(colloquial, often childish) A phrase used in lieu of knocking (e.g. on the door), when it is not possible to knock.


begone

Univerbation of be + gone. Compare English beware.

Fairies be gone, and be alwaies away.

c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i], page 157, column 1:

"Begone! move quickly! if quickly you can, you that shine forth into sight in moist times like the worm."

1856, Herman Melville, The Lightning Rod Man:

(archaic) Expressing a desire or a command for someone or something to go away.

bas bayıra

expressing a desire or a command for someone or something to go away


knock it off

Knock it off! This is the last time I'm telling you!

Cease doing something, particularly annoying or unpleasant; desist.


pop

From Middle English pop, poppe (“a blow; strike; buffet”) (> Middle English poppen (“to strike; thrust”, verb)), of onomatopoeic origin – used to describe the sound, or short, sharp actions. The physics sense is part of a facetious sequence "snap, crackle, pop", after the mascots of Rice Krispies cereal.

cog

Pop, would go one of the eight-inch guns; a small flame would dart and vanish, a little white smoke would disappear, a tiny projectile would give a feeble screech - and nothing happened.

1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 203:

So he scraped and scratched and scrabbled and scrooged and then he scrooged again and scrabbled and scratched and scraped, working busily with his little paws and muttering to himself, 'Up we go! Up we go!' till at last, pop! his snout came out into the sunlight, and he found himself rolling in the warm grass of a great meadow.

1908, Kenneth Grahame, The Wind in the Willows, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, page 2:

A loud, sharp sound, as of a cork coming out of a bottle.


silence

From Middle English silence, from Old French silence, from Latin silentium (“silence”), from silēns (“quiet, silent”, present participle of silēre) + -ium. Displaced native Old English swīġe and sālnes.

af

present participle of <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">silēre</i>

Silence! Enough of your insolence!

(in response to laughter from the audience)
Silence! I kill you!

2007 September 17, Spark of Insanity, spoken by Achmed the Dead Terrorist (Jeff Dunham):


la

Sound used to form meaningless song refrains. Of imitative origin. Compare Old English lā (a common exclamation), Ancient Greek λαλαγε (lalage, “babble”), German lallen (“to babble”).

"La la la la, I can't hear you!" Jimmy said, sticking his fingers in his ears.

The only part Lucy had to sing was the interlude, which was a bunch of la la la's, and the last verse of the song, which was only four lines, and the chorus, which was just as short.

2019, Keira Brown, Between the Lines: Never in Plain Sight:

Represents the sound of music or singing.


la

From Middle English la, from Old English lā. More at lo.

(obsolete) Used to introduce a statement with emphatic or intensive effect.

La, ma'am, what doth your la'ship think? the girl that your la'ship saw at church on Sunday, whom you thought so handsome; though you would not have thought her so handsome neither, if you had seen her nearer, but to be sure she hath been carried before the justice for being big with child.

1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:

“Oh, la! here come the Richardsons. I had a vast deal more to say to you, but I must not stay away from them any longer.”

1811, [Jane Austen], chapter 2, in Sense and Sensibility […], volume III, London: […] C[harles] Roworth, […], and published by T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC:

"La, William, don't be so highty-tighty with us. We're not men. We can't fight you," Miss Jane said.

1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC:

(archaic) Expressing surprise, anger. etc.


la

ott van la!

(archaic) used in dialects at the end of an exclamatory sentence as an emphasis

a syllable used when singing a tune without lyrics


la

Unknown. Probably onomatopoeic. Compare Polish ła.

Lā! næddrena cyn.

Ðā cwæþ ic hwæt is ðæt lā?

Enclitic particle used to emphasise interrogation, exclamation, entreaty, affirmation, negation


la

used in directing an animal to stop, especially carabaos and cattle


achoo

Achoo—I think I'm coming down with something!


way

From Middle English way, wey, from Old English weġ, from Proto-West Germanic *weg, from Proto-Germanic *wegaz, from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ-. Doublet of voe and possibly via.

- We searched the vehicle. It was clean, so we did the body cavity searches.
- No way.
- Way!

We repeated this ritual of “no way - way, no way - way” over the years.

2011, William Schwenn, Dogs of Meadowbrook:

(slang, only in reply to no way) yes; it is true; it is possible


ach

"Ach." Auntie frowned hugely. "That is all nonsense."

1958, Anthony Burgess, The Enemy in the Blanket (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972:


ach

Afrikaans: ag

→ Papiamentu: ag

desctree

→ Peranakan Indonesian: ach
>? Indonesian: ah

oh, expresses compassion, surprise and dismay


ach

Danish: ah

Norwegian Bokmål: ah, a

Yiddish: אַך (akh)

From Middle High German ach, from Old High German ah.

Zwey Seelen wohnen, ach! in meiner Brust, / Die eine will sich von der andern trennen;

1808, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, “Vor dem Thor”, in Faust: Der Tragödie erster Teil [Faust, Part One]; republished as Bayard Taylor, transl., 1870:

Two souls, alas! reside within my breast, / And each withdraws from, and repels, its brother.

oh, alas (expressing surprise, sorrow, or understanding)

oh (preceding an offhand or annoyed remark)

oh (preceding an invocation or address, but rarely a solemn one)


ach

ah! expresses surprise, fear, pleasure, sadness, sudden understanding


ach

oh (an expression of grievance or displeasure)


ach

Polish: ach

Silesian: ach

→ Lithuanian: ach

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *axъ. First attested in the 14th century.

Ach boze moy, pomozy my

1915 [End of the 15th century], Jan Łoś, editor, Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543, page 315:

Ach nyestocze proch dolor

1915 [Middle of the 15th century], Jan Łoś, editor, Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543, page 514:

Ach gelacze heu

1885-2024 [End of the 15th century], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume III, Wrocław, page 289:

Takoż płakał rzekąc: Ach mnie nędznemu

Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 56:

(attested in Silesia) ah! expresses surprise


ach

>? Indonesian: ah

Ach, ia laen tida minta doeit.


ach

An exclamation of impatience, disappointment, contempt, remonstrance.


kaput

Borrowed from German kaputt, from French être capot, from Old French capote, from cape, from Late Latin cappa.


Christmas

Short for Jiminy Christmas, probably a variant of Jiminy Cricket or Jiminy Crickets, a euphemism for Jesus Christ.

"Christmas! I didn't know it," said Harvey, turning round. "I'll give you a dollar for it when I—get my wages. Say, I'll give you two dollars."

1897, Rudyard Kipling, Captains Courageous:

"I've been tottering on the edge … Christmas!" His eyes brightened with a sudden thought. "How stupid I've been!" he cried at once.

1930, Ellery Queen [pseudonym; Frederic Dannay, Manfred Bennington Lee], “‘The Time has Come …’”, in The French Powder Mystery: A Problem in Deduction, New York, N.Y.: Frederick A[bbott] Stokes Company, →OCLC, page 269:

She said, "All right with you, Bertie?" / "Oh Christmas! he said. "I suppose so."

1959, Ngaio Marsh, “On the Scent”, in False Scent, New York, N.Y.: Jove Books, published November 1981, →ISBN, section 3, page 158:

(euphemistic) An expression of annoyance or surprise: Christ, Jesus Christ, Jiminy Cricket, Jiminy Crickets.


away

From Middle English away, awey, awei, oway, o wey, on way, from Old English āweġ, onweġ (“away”), originally on weġ (“on one's way; onward; on”), equivalent to a- (“on”) + way.
Cognate with Scots awa, away (“away”), Old Frisian aweg, awei (“away”), Saterland Frisian wäch, wääge (“away”), Dutch weg (“away”), German weg (“away”), Danish væk (“away”), Swedish i väg (“away; off; along”).

(Scotland, dismissal) Away with you! Go away!


se

here you go; an encouragement to take something, usually something that is being handed over.

an encouragement to an animal to eat (food)


score

non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger

From Middle English score, skore, schore, from Old English scoru (“notch; tally; score”), from Old Norse skor, from Proto-Germanic *skurō (“incision; tear; rift”), which is related to *skeraną (“to cut”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“cut”). Cognate with Icelandic skora, Swedish skåra, Danish skår. Related to shear.
For the sense “twenty”: The mark on a tally made by drovers for every twenty beasts passing through a tollgate.

der

(US, slang) An acknowledgement of success.


kiss

A sound made to attract a cat; "Here, kitty, kitty!"


Moses

From Latin Mōsēs, Mōȳsēs, from Ancient Greek Μωυσῆς (Mōusês), from Biblical Hebrew מֹשֶׁה (mōšê). Further etymology is unclear, but it is sometimes conjectured to derive from Egyptian ms-s (msj, “to give birth to”), a common element in Egyptian names of the form ‘[name of deity] is the one who bore him’; or, alternatively, contains Egyptian N35A (mw, “water”).

<i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">msj</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">mw</i>


los

From Middle High German and Old High German lōs. Compare English loose.

regionally; chiefly as interjection or when meaning “going on”

Los! An die Arbeit!


baba

A link of the term with the English bye-bye is possible but not certain.

(informal, Austria) bye-bye, see you, so long


check

From Middle English chekken, partly from Old French eschequier and partly from the noun (see above).

Keys? Check. Batteries? Check. We are all ready to go!

An expression showing that a requirement has been satisfied.

An expression that indicates that the speaker wishes to pay the bill (e.g. in a restaurant).


seas

Contraction of servas, a variant of servus, an ellipsis from the commoners’ greeting once said to feudal lords, "servus humillimus (Domine spectabilis)", in Latin meaning "(I am a) most humble servant, (O) noble lord".


patata

et patati et patata
et patati et patata#French

Only used in et patati et patata (“blah blah blah”)


patata

Borrowed from Taíno batata. Compare batata. Though the Diccionario de la Real Academia Española lists it as a blend of papa + batata.

(Spain) cheese! Said while being photographed


pole

pole ma kasul!


auf

From Middle High German ūf, from Old High German ūf, from Proto-Germanic *upp. This form with a lengthened vowel is originally Upper German. Central German forms were Middle High German uf and (western) up. Compare Luxembourgish op, Dutch op, English up.

carry on (continue or proceed as before)


half

New York City, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore

From Middle English half, halfe from Old English healf (“half”); as a noun, 'half', 'side', 'part', from Proto-West Germanic *halb, from Proto-Germanic *halbaz.
Cognates:
Akin to Old Saxon, Old Frisian, and Dutch half, West Frisian heal, German halb, Swedish, Danish and Norwegian halv, Icelandic hálfur and Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍃 (halbs). Compare halve, behalf.

(theater) A call reminding performers that the performance will begin in thirty minutes.


don't

[dõʊ̯̃(ʔ)t̚]

From do + -n't.
Depending on dialect, its use in the third-person singular may be from elision (in these dialects "does" is used when not in the negative) or from not using -s to mark the third-person singular at all.


pause

From Middle French pause, from Latin pausa, from Ancient Greek παῦσις (paûsis), from Ancient Greek παύω (paúō, “stop”), of uncertain origin. Compare the doublet pausa.

(slang, sometimes offensive) Used immediately after a statement to indicate that there was no innuendo or homosexual meaning intended, especially when such a meaning is a reasonable interpretation.


je

(slang, dated) yeah (indicating enthusiastic appreciation, etc.)


well

From Middle English wel, wal, wol, wele, from Old English wel (“well, abundantly, very, very easily, very much, fully, quite, nearly”), from Proto-Germanic *wela, *wala (“well”, literally “as wished, as desired”), from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“wish, desire”).
Cognate with Scots wele, weil (“well”), North Frisian wel, weil, wal (“well”), West Frisian wol (“well”), Dutch wel (“well”), Low German wol (“well”), German wol, wohl (“well”), Norwegian and Danish vel (“well”), Swedish väl (“well”), Icelandic vel, val (“well”). Related to will.

der

“The car is broken.” “Well, we could walk to the movies instead.”

“I didn't like the music.” “Well, I thought it was good.”

I forgot to pack the tent! Well, I guess we’re sleeping under the stars tonight.

“Well,” I says, “I cal’late a body could get used to Tophet if he stayed there long enough.” ¶ She flared up; the least mite of a slam at Doctor Wool was enough to set her going.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter V, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

If gold pleased the conqueror, well,
That gold should be the one thing
The conqueror henceforth should lack.

1936, Robert Frost, “The Vindictives”, in A Further Range:

Used to acknowledge a statement or situation.

epo

used to introduce a statement that may be contrary to expectations

Well, well, well, what do we have here?

An exclamation of sarcastic surprise (often doubled or tripled and spoken in a lowering intonation).

Well! There was no need to say that in front of my mother!

“Well,” I answered, at first with uncertainty, then with inspiration, “he would do splendidly to lead your cotillon, if you think of having one.” ¶ “So you do not dance, Mr. Crocker?” ¶ I was somewhat set back by her perspicuity.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

It was a bit... well... too loud.

Used in speech to express the overcoming of reluctance to say something.

“So what have you been doing?” “Well, we went for a picnic, and then it started raining so we came home early.”

Well, I am sorry. — It’s okay, Anna.
Audio (US): (file)

2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)

Used in speech to fill gaps, particularly at the beginning of a response to a question; filled pause.

Well lads. How's things?

(Ireland) Used as a greeting, short for "Are you well?"

And what do you think you're doing? ...Well?

Used as a question to demand an answer from someone reluctant to answer.


well

Well, gosp, c'hull be zeid; mot thee fartoo, an fade;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 84:

Well, gossip, it shall be told; you ask what ails me, and for what;


poo

Alternative spelling of pooh: Expressing dismissal, disgust, etc.

Petulant and pouty, Stephanie herself says things like, ‘Oh, poo.’

1986 January 12, Chicago Tribune, page 3c:

(euphemistic) Expressing annoyance, frustration, etc.: a minced oath for 'shit'.


fan

From Late Old Norse fendinn, perhaps from Old Frisian fandiand, present participle of fandia (“tempt”), from Proto-Germanic *fandōną (“seek, search for, examine”). Cognate with Danish fanden and Norwegian Bokmål faen.

Fan (också)! Jag glömde nycklarna.

(Va) fan!

Va fan?

Vad i självaste fan?

What in the ever-loving hell? (Literally, "What in the very devil himself?")

Det var då själva fan!

Oh for fuck's sake! (Roughly, "It was the devil himself!")

(swear word, sometimes followed by också or preceded by va or vad) damn (referring to the devil)


zurück

Middle High German zerucke; zu- + Rücken; the former was zuo, zū, ze and the latter was rücke, rucke, rück, ruck, rügge, rugge in Middle High German.
Cognate with Hunsrik zurick and Dutch terug.


nix

From German nix, colloquial form of nichts (“nothing”). Compare also Dutch niks (“nothing”), informal for niets (“nothing”). More at naught.

"Ugh! An inventor, eh?" "Nix! He's not an inventor himself, but he antes-up for 'em."

1916 January 7, The Electrical Experimenter, New York, page 472, column 2:

(obsolete) A warning cry when a policeman or schoolmaster etc. was seen approaching.


nix

A widespread form in dialects all over the German language area, probably the same as standard nichts, that is, a contraction of it.

Nix! Jetzt ist Schluss hier!


nix

Någon undrade om guldfonder, men nix sade Claes, alltför osäkert.

Someone asked about gold funds, but Claes said "nope, too risky".

– Är det någon vi känner? Frågade pappa. – Nix, svarade jag.

Dad asked "Is it someone we know?" "Nope", I answered.


nein

From Middle High German nein, from a contraction of Old High German ni ein. Compare Old English nān, from ne ān (Modern English none, further contracted to no).

Hast du morgen Abend Zeit? — Nein, leider nicht.

“Do you have time tomorrow night?” — “No, unfortunately not.”


loo

Edg. Pilicock sate on pelicocks hill, a lo lo lo.

c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene xi]:


service

Inherited from Old French servise, borrowed from Latin servitium (compare Portuguese serviço, Italian servizio, Norman sèrvice, Spanish servicio), from servus.


timber

From Middle English tymber, from Old English timber, from Proto-West Germanic *timr, from Proto-Germanic *timrą, from Proto-Indo-European *dem- (“build, house”) (see Proto-Indo-European *dṓm).
Cognates include Dutch timmer, Old High German zimbar (German Zimmer), Norwegian tømmer, Old Norse timbr, Gothic 𐍄𐌹𐌼𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽 (timrjan, “to build”), Latin domus and Ancient Greek δόμος (dómos).

From the core of the trunk come explosive cracks sounding like rifle-fire. The top of the tree begins swaying drunkenly, as if struggling to keep on its feet. The warning cry "Timber!"

1961, Robert S. Close, With Hooves of Brass, Sydney: Horwitz Publications, page 34:

Used by loggers to warn others that a tree being felled is falling.

The cameras caught the big man crashing to the studio floor. It seemed to take an age for Sticks to hit the deck and as he went down we all chorused "Timberrrr!"

1991, Rex Mossop, The Moose That Roared, Sydney: Ironbark Press, page 160:

By extension, a cry used when anything is falling over.


danke

Ellipsis of ich danke dir (“I thank you”).


nothing

From Middle English nothyng, noon thing, non thing, na þing, nan thing, nan þing, from Old English nāþing, nān þing (“nothing”, literally “not any thing”), equivalent to no + thing. Compare Old English nāwiht (“nothing”, literally “no thing”), Swedish ingenting (“nothing”, literally “not any thing, no thing”).

cog

Never mind; it's not important; forget what I said.

nothing is said that has not been said before


si

From Old French si, from Latin sic (“so, thus”). Doublet of sic.

Tu ne m’aimes pas, n’est-ce pas ? — Si !

Moi, je n’ai rien fait ! — Si !

yes (used to contradict a negative statement)


si

Possibly borrowed from Spanish sí or a clipping of sim.

(Rio Grande do Sul, informal, Internet slang) yes (affirmative answer)


si

Cils äbinons-li i pö zäl et? Si! elogob us tumis.

1932, Arie de Jong, Leerboek der Wereldtaal, page 19:

Were there children at that party as well? Yes, I've seen hundreds of them there.


ser

An exclamation used to attract the attention of two or more people.


bonjour

From French bonjour (“hello/good day/good morning”).

uder

Say bonjour to the botched R.S.V.P. The practice of replying to invitations, let alone actually showing up to parties as promised, has become as antiquated as the chimney sweep, and much messier.

2009 March 13, Alexandra Jacobs, “Blame the Messager”, in New York Times:

(in French contexts) Good morning; hello.


bonjour

Antillean Creole: bonjou

Haitian Creole: bonjou

Louisiana Creole: bonjou

Mauritian Creole: bonzour

→ Alemannic German: buschur

→ English: bonjour

[bɒ̃ʊ̯̃.ʒʊu̯ʁ]

Inherited from Middle French bonjour, from Old French bon jor (literally “good day”). By surface analysis, bon (“good”) + jour (“day”).

surf

Bonjour, mon ami !

Bonjour, monsieur le Président !


doh

Alternative form of d'oh (“expression of frustration”)


fah

He leaned against the fence, pulled a pear from his tunic and bit into it. His face puckered. "No good?" Alypius said. Augustine spat out the pieces. "Fah!" he said.

1957, Henry W. Coray, Son of Tears, New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam's Sons, page 14:


ee

Father advanced with outstretched hand and announced in a loud, very hearty voice: "Ee, I'm pleased to meet ye, lad. […]

1975, R. Chetwynd-Hayes, The Werewolf and the Vampire:

'Ee by gum lass we've seen nought of thee this many a long year, thou's a sight for sore eyes,' he said planting a kiss firmly on Mum's cheek...

2008, Mavis Crawley, The Rolling Stone: Based on the True Story of My Life:


ee

Eee, so commercial some might say.

2000 December 29, Samuel Lee, The Straits Times, Singapore: Singapore Press Holdings Limited, page L8:

(Singapore) Ew, yuck; expression of disgust.


aber

Borrowed from Spanish a ver, short form of the phrase vamos a ver (“let's see”).


neen

Berbice Creole Dutch: nene

Jersey Dutch: nên

Negerhollands: neen

→ Virgin Islands Creole: nen (dated)

From Middle Dutch neen, from Old Dutch nēn (“none, not one”), from Proto-West Germanic *nain, from Proto-Germanic *nainaz, from Proto-Germanic *ne + *ainaz. Cognate with English none, German nein.


nee

From Old English ne or nā (“no”). Cognate with Standard English no.

Nee way man! ― No way

Thor's nee watter! ― There's no water!

(Geordie) no, used to express no as a quantity, i.e. not any, like German kein/Dutch geen/French rien. Compare with na.


nee

Afrikaans: nee

Javindo: nee

Skepi Creole Dutch: ne

From Middle Dutch neen, nee, from Old Dutch *nēn (“none, not one”), from *ne ēn, from Proto-Germanic *ne + *ainaz.

1992, A. F. Th. van der Heijden, Weerborstels, Em. Querido's Uitgeverij, page 23

Nee heb je al, ja kan je krijgen.

The only way to find out if someone agrees (with/to something) is to ask. (literally, “You already have "no", but you may still get "yes".”)


nee

Of dialectal origin, particularly German Low German nee (“no”). Cognate to Dutch nee, English no.

(colloquial, regional) Alternative form of nein (“no”)


zu

Zu!

(South-east of Sicily) Used to express astonishment, awe, amazement; exclamation at a sudden discovery.

Zu, lu porcu!

Zu, lu jencu!

Zu, lu crastu!

Zu, lu bestia!

(South-east of Sicily, invocational) Prefixed as an exclamation in immediate and laconic vocative.


recht

Mosz recht.


wag

Clipping of huwag, also a colloquial pronunciation spelling.


trust

From Middle English trust (“trust, protection”). Long considered a borrowing from Old Norse traust (“confidence, help, protection”), itself from Proto-Germanic *traustą, but the root vocalism is incompatible, and so it is considered a reflex of an unattested Old English *trust, from a rare zero-grade proto-Germanic variant of the same root also attested in Middle High German getrüste (“host”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *deru- (“be firm, hard, solid”). Akin to Danish trøst (“comfort, solace”), Saterland Frisian Traast (“comfort, solace”), West Frisian treast (“comfort, solace”), Dutch troost (“comfort, consolation”), German Trost (“comfort, consolation”), Gothic trausti (“alliance, pact”). Doublet of tryst. More at true, tree.

cog

You'll get your money back bro, trust.

P.S. Capitalizing MINORITY really doesn't help your cause bruh. Trust.

2019 August 15, @ASDem, Twitter, archived from the original on 2023-09-28:

(originally African-American Vernacular, slang) Ellipsis of trust me.


Gesundheit

→ Dutch: gesundheit

→ English: gesundheit

Audio

From Middle High German gesuntheit. By surface analysis, gesund (“healthy”) + -heit (“-ness, -hood”). Compare Dutch gezondheid.

surf

bless you; gesundheit (response to someone’s sneezing)


veto

From earlier votō, from Proto-Italic *wotaō, from Proto-Indo-European *weth₂- (“to say”).


hee-haw

/ˈhiː.hɔ̰̃ː/


foo

Oh foo – the cake burnt!

Expression of disappointment or disgust.


mood

From Middle English mood, mode, mod, from Old English mōd (“mind,” in poetry also “heart, spirit, courage”), from Proto-West Germanic *mōd, from Proto-Germanic *mōdaz (“sense, courage, zeal, anger”), from Proto-Indo-European *moh₁-, *meh₁- (“endeavour, will, temper”). Cognate with Scots mude, muid (“mood, courage, spirit, temper, disposition”), Saterland Frisian Moud (“courage”), West Frisian moed (“mind, spirit, courage, will, intention”), Dutch moed (“courage, bravery, heart, valor”), German Low German Mood (“mind, heart, courage”), German Mut (“courage, braveness, heart, spirit”), Danish mod (“courage, heart, bravery”), Swedish mod (“courage, heart, bravery”), Icelandic móður (“wrath, grief, moodiness”), Latin mōs (“will, humour, wont, inclination, mood”), Russian сметь (smetʹ, “to dare, venture”).

cog

—I am feeling very exhausted today. —Mood.

I mean, mood. Courteney Cox showing Kimmel her completely empty pantry over Zoom while explaining that her family is snacking more than usual is relatable content.

2020 April 22, Julia Alexander, “The joy of spying on celebrity homes over Zoom and Instagram Live”, in The Verge:

Joon posted a video with a stray cat with the caption 'V's tweet was like #mood'.

2021 June 2, “BTS' Butter makes Billboard history, debuts at number 1 on Hot 100 chart”, in Pinkvilla, archived from the original on 2022-12-03:

You can't just say Mood and post random unrelated shit!

2022 January 15, Smrutisnat Jena, “10 Times Bollywood Celebrities Posted Something On Instagram & Desi Internet Just Went 'Hain?'”, in ScoopWhoop:

I mean…MOOD!

2022 June 7, Gretty Garcia, “Princess Charlotte Adorably Corrected Prince George's Posture at the Jubilee Pageant”, in Cosmopolitan:

(slang) Used to express that the speaker finds something very relatable.


via

Borrowed from Latin viā (“by the way (of)”), ablative singular of via (“way, road”), from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ-.

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-via.wav

Audio (US)


salud

bless you (said to somebody who has sneezed)

cheers (the usual toast when drinking alcohol)


ty

(Internet slang, text messaging) Alternative letter-case form of TY.


moment

→ Kashubian: mòment, mòmeńt

→ Silesian: mōmynt

Learned borrowing from Latin mōmentum. First attested in 1592.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “moment”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(colloquial) wait a minute, wait a moment, wait a second (used when the speaker expects to refrain from speaking or acting for a short time)


bless you

Short for God bless you, from Middle English God blesse you, God blisse you.

Short for (may) God bless you: said as a short prayer for the recipient.

(may) God bless you

(idiomatic) Said to someone who has just sneezed, as a polite remark.

‘What’s that?’ said Ron, pointing at a large dish of some sort of shellfish stew that stood beside a large steak-and-kidney pudding.
 ‘Bouillabaisse,’ said Hermione.
 ‘Bless you,’ said Ron.
 ‘It’s French,’ said Hermione. ‘I had it on holiday, summer before last, it’s very nice.’

2000 July 8, J. K. Rowling [pseudonym; Joanne Rowling], “The Goblet of Fire”, in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (Harry Potter; 4), London: Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN, page 221:

(idiomatic, humorous) Used to express non-understanding of someone who has just used an unusual or foreign word or phrase (as if to imply that it sounds like a sneeze).


pineapple

From Middle English pinappel (“pinecone”, literally “pine-apple/pine-fruit”). Later applied to the fruit of the pineapple plant due to its resemblance to a pinecone. Compare the Middle Dutch and Dutch pĳnappel, the Middle Low German pinappel, the Old High German pīnapful, the Middle High German pīnaphel, and the early Modern German pinapfel — all in the sense of “pine cone”. Compare also the post-Classical Latin pomum pini, the Old French pume de pin, the Middle French and French pomme de pin and Spanish piña. By surface analysis, pine + apple.


potato

[pə̥ˈtʰeɪtʰəʊ]

[pə̥ˈtʰeɪɾoʊ]

[pə̥ˈtʰeɪɾə]

[pə̥ˈɾeɪ.ɾə]

Borrowed from Spanish patata, itself borrowed from Taíno batata (“sweet potato”).

(onomatopoeia, often repeated) The rhythmic sound produced by a V-twin engine—a distinctive deep, throaty exhaust note.


baa

[bæ̰ˀæ̰ˀæ̰ˀæ̰ˀ]

Compare German bäh, mäh; an imitative word.

(onomatopoeia) The characteristic cry of a sheep.


いいえ

/ina/ → /ija/ → /ije/ → /iːe/
First cited to the late 1600s.
Shift from いや (iya), from even earlier 否 (ina). While いや (iya) was broadly used in the Muromachi period, in the Edo period, いや (iya) shifted to use mainly in informal or more intimate contexts, while いいえ (īe) was used in more formal or polite contexts. いや (iya) is still in use, including broader senses not included for いいえ (īe).

「東京出身ですか。」「いいえ、大阪出身です。」

“Tōkyō shusshin desu ka.”“Īe, Ōsaka shusshin desu.”

"Are you from Tokyo?" "No, I am from Osaka."

今日は雨だから、ピクニックには行けませんね？いいえ、雨ガッパを着れば行けます。

Kyō wa ame da kara, pikunikku ni wa ikemasen ne? Īe, amagappa o kireba ikemasu.

It's raining today so we can't go on a picnic? Yes, we can go, if we wear raincoats.

yes (in response to negative questions), disagree

「ありがとうございます。」「いいえ、どういたしまして。」

“Arigatō gozaimasu.”“Īe, dō itashimashite.”

「あ、どうも。」「いえいえ、こちらこそ。」


はい

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Kōjien
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shinmura Izuru

Ultimate derivation currently unknown, with various resources listing no etymology. Theories include:
* Perhaps related to interjection は (ha, “yes”), which first appears in the early 1600s.
* Alternatively, may derive from Cantonese 係／系 (hai⁶), or perhaps from Sino-Japanese 拝 (hai), but this theory is not academically accepted.
First cited as a general shout in the early 1600s (compare English hey), with the affirmative yes sense first cited to 1774.

はい、承知しました。

「もしもし、木村さんですか？」「はい、木村です。」

“Moshimoshi, Kimura-san desu ka?”“Hai, Kimura desu.”

"Hello, is this Mr./Ms. Kimura?" "Yes, Kimura speaking."

はい、何でしょうか。

はい。はい。はい。なるほど、なるほど。

yes; okay; understood, got it; here, present; right, so (agreement); uh-huh (acknowledgement that one is listening)

今日は雨だから、ピクニックには行けませんね？はい、行けません。

Kyō wa ame da kara, pikunikku ni wa ikemasen ne? Hai, ikemasen.

It's raining today so we can't go on a picnic? No, we can't go.

no (in response to negative questions); agree

はい？何ですって？

1、2、3、はい！

はい、そこまで。

はいおわりー。

general shout or call, compare English hey: go, start; stop, time's up (expressing a timing)

そうだと思います、はい。

(sentence-final) used to express mild uncertainty


joy

The noun is from Middle English joye, borrowed from Old French joie, from Late Latin gaudia, neuter plural (mistaken as feminine singular) of Latin gaudium (“joy”), from gaudēre (“to be glad, rejoice”). Doublet of jo and gaudy (“Oxford college reunion”). Displaced native Old English ġefēa.
The interjection is from the noun.
The verb is from Middle English joyen, joȝen, joien, from Old French jöir, from the Old French noun (see above).

doublet

'Joy! joy!' he cried, throwing his arms towards Heaven, 'on a grave be the site of our Temple; and now our happiness is for Eternity!'

1842, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “The Lily’s Quest”, in Twice-Told Tales, volume II, Boston, Mass.: James Munroe and Company, →OCLC, page 306:

Hanrahan closed his mouth, tried unsuccessfully to breathe through his nose, then opened his mouth again. "Oh, joy," he muttered. "This kid doesn't even go to the bathroom, I bet. Probably been taught not to. It isn't nice."

1983, Gregory Mcdonald, Fletch and the Man Who, New York, N.Y.: Warner Books, →ISBN, page 56:

(dated, often sarcastic) Expressing appreciation and happiness.


more

→ Ottoman Turkish: موره (more)

According to Orel from the aoristic form of marr without a clear sense development. It could also be a remnant of a grammatical structure of a lost substrate language, which may be the source of the same interjection found in all Balkan languages. Alternatively, from Greek μωρέ (moré, “mate”, interjection, literally “stupid!”), a frozen vocative of μωρός (mōrós). In that case, it may be a doublet of bre.

bor

man!, mate!, dude!, bro! (vocative particle used in a call to a man)


more

From Greek μωρέ (moré). Possible doublet of bre.

»More, Marko, ne ori drumova!« / »More, Turci, ne gaz’te oranja!«
»More, Marko, don’t plow up our roads!« / »More, Turks, don’t walk on my plowing!«

1824, recorded by Vuk Stefanović Karadžić, Narodne srpske pjesme

(Serbia) when spoken sharply, asserts that the speaker is stronger or older or more powerful than the addressee, sometimes expressing contempt or superiority

(Serbia) when not spoken sharply, functions as a term of endearment or generic intensifier, cf. bre


more

(Croatia, Kajkavian, colloquial) Alternative form of može


great

From Middle English greet (“great, large”), from Old English grēat (“big, thick, coarse, massive”), from Proto-West Germanic *graut, from Proto-Germanic *grautaz (“big in size, coarse, coarse grained”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrewd-, *gʰer- (“to rub, grind, remove”).
Cognate with Scots great (“coarse in grain or texture, thick, great”), West Frisian grut (“large, great”), Dutch groot (“large, stour”), German groß (“large”), Old English grēot (“earth, sand, grit”). Related to grit. Doublet of gross.

cog

Great! Thanks for the wonderful work.

2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)
—I am in my new apartment! —Great!
Audio (US): (file)

Expression of gladness and content about something.

Oh, great! I just dumped all 500 sheets of the manuscript all over and now I have to put them back in order.


zeg

Petjo: seg, seh

Zeg, Leen, kom eens hier. – Hey, Leen, come here for a moment.

hey, used to draw the addressed person's attention.

Nee, ik kom niet, hoepel op zeg.

Wat een vervelende gozer zeg.

Used for emphasis, especially if the message is sudden or contrastive.


hop

Synonym of hoppa (“let's go, hey presto, alley-oop”)


hop

Either a clipping of hoppu, or directly from Swedish hopp (“jump”). Consider also the synonym hopoti (“horse”).

1913 SKVR VIII 1625. Piikkiö. Häyrinen Kalle 8. 13.
Hop humma Huttalaan, / parastelle Pappilaa, / Pappilasta Koroissii, / Koroissista Käräjiin,

1913 SKVR IX1 352. Renko. Salo Aukusti. HO 24 239. 13.
Mee ny kuultaan kirkonkellot. / Muut kuulee karjan kellot / Hop tamma / Ei ilman haluta / Jos ei poika likkaa taluta.

1915 SKVR XIV 1026. Myrskylä. Salminen, T. 117. 15.
Hop hoppa kirkkoo! / Aja mummun aitan etee / Saat voitakaakkuu

Hop horse to church / Run to the front of grandmother's granary ...


hop

used to encourage the listener to jump up or some other action; hop up! hop to it!

(often reduplicated) used to determine where someone is


hola

From Late Middle Dutch hola (“wait up!, hold on!, calm down!”), which also had the dialectal form holla; compare Middle Low German hola!, holda! (interjection), Middle High German holā! (interjection), of obscure origin. Possibly from the imperative of Middle Dutch halen, *holen (“to fetch”) (> dialectal holen), or possibly from Old French holà (“hey!”), from ho (“hold!, halt!, stop!”) + là (“there”).


hola

Derived from French holà, from ho (“ho!”) + là (“there”).

hello, hey ("exclamation to get attention")


hola

(colloquial) cool your heels!, cool your jets!, hold your horses!, stop!, whoa! (slow down)

(colloquial) stop!, whoa! (you should not have done/said that)


hola

→ English: hola

→ Portuguese: olá

Probably from French holà (“hey! stop!”). This is related to greetings in Germanic cognates such as Dutch hola, Old High German holā, emphatic imperative of Old High German holōn (“to fetch, used especially in hailing a ferryman”)
The Diccionario de la lengua española compares the Germanic expressions English hello and German hallo. Also compared is Arabic وَٱللّٰه (wal-lāh, “really?, by God!”), but support for this is lacking.


zut

From 1813. Origin disputed:.
# Combination of zest and flûte ;
# Formed from a linking z and ut/hut, attested 1791:
#:* Allons, allons, hut! pas de ça:Le Véritable P. Duchesne f., Grand compliment
#:* qu'il aille à Charenton, et hut. Martainville, Une Demi-heure de cabaret, 1804
#:* Sais-tu la musique ? eh bien ut. Ut, zut may be a corruption of the Latin ut, a word used in typographers' jargon: Ut […] C'est le premier mot du souhait que se faisoient en buvant les anciens imprimeurs […] : Ut tibi prosit meri potio (« Que grand bien vous fasse ce bon vin pur »). Par abréviation l'on se contenta ensuite du mot ut. Gattel, 1797
# From an older word, zot, which is found in diablezot
# It may be purely onomatopoeic, as pft, pfuit; see zou

damn, shoot, dang, cripes, rats, "dash it!", "hang it all!"


just

From Middle English juste, from Old French juste, from Latin iūstus (“just, lawful, rightful, true, due, proper, moderate”), from Proto-Italic *jowestos, related to Latin iūs (“law, right”); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yew-. Compare Scots juist (“just”), Saterland Frisian juust (“just”), West Frisian just (“just”), Dutch juist (“just”), German Low German jüst (“jüst”), German just (“just”), Danish just (“just”), Swedish just (“just”). Doublet of giusto.

der

(slang) Expressing dismay or discontent.


just

Just. Se oli sitten siinä.

Oh well, I guess that's it for that then.


fik

flick (used to imitate a rapid movement of the whole body that causes someone to fall over)


fik

flick (the sound imitating a rapid movement of the whole body that causes someone to fall over)


holy mackerel

Recorded from 1803 with uncertain origin, but possibly a euphemism for Holy Mary, with Mackerel being a nickname for Catholics because they ate the fish on Fridays. Another suggested explanation is the practice of selling mackerel on Sundays in the seventeenth century (because its quality deteriorates rapidly), so it was known as holy fish.

‘Holy mackerel!’ he whispered. ‘Englehorn! Driscoll! Get a look at this thing.’

1932, Delos W. Lovelace, King Kong, published 1965, page 48:

Holy Mackerel! Here Comes the Bride!"

1951, Marguerite Wallace Kennedy, chapter 3, in My Home on the Range:

"Holy mackerel! Just any old dumb hag who can cook and lie on her back?"

1956, Ian Fleming, Diamonds are Forever, published 1965, page 163:

(idiomatic, humorous or euphemistic) An expression of surprise.


holy smoke

(idiomatic, dated, informal) An expression of astonishment.


holy cow

Minced oath for holy shit, possibly partially based on the fact that cows are sacred in some religions (e.g. Hinduism).

Holy cow I think he's gonna make it!

1977, Jim Steinman (lyrics and music), “Paradise by the Dashboard Light”, in Bat Out of Hell, performed by Meat Loaf ft. Phil Rizzuto:

(idiomatic, euphemistic, minced oath) An exclamation of surprise or astonishment.


Development of Etymology 1, above; compare nah.

Audio (US)

Na, yor wrang.

Na, ye cannet watch telly.

“Divn’t yee like milk?” “Na.”


Na, dann fangen wir mal an!

Ich bin ein Narr? Na, du auch!

well!, so!; used to introduce a statement

Na, das ist ja nett, dass ihr vorbeikommt!

Na? Ob das so stimmt...

Na! Warum will das denn jetzt wieder nicht?

Och! Why does this thing not work yet again?

Na toll! Kein Empfang.

oh, hm, huh, och, nu; expressing a (usually mild) degree of surprise, doubt, or frustration

Was ist zwei plus drei? Na?

(regional, chiefly northern and central Germany) huh?; used as a question marker, often implying that the speaker knows the answer

Na! Lang nicht gesehen!

Na! Wie geht’s?

(regional, chiefly northern and central Germany) hey!, hi!; used as a greeting, but with an interrogative intonation, as if saying “So? You see me there?”, or “So? How is everything?”


Na. Das geht net.

(regional, chiefly southern Germany and Austria) Alternative form of nein (“no”)


Na, nem baj.

Itt van Péter. – Na és?

Na, gyerünk!

Na, ne mondj ilyet!

Na, ez fáj!


here! there you go! (said when handing something over)


Possibly a contraction of nanu (“what”). Compare Tagalog 'no, Japanese な (na), ね (ne).

Na munta ka?

Na dimdam me?

(masculine, informal, mild emphatic) used to get someone's attention, generally carries neutral or slightly positive connotations


emphatic particle used with imperatives to speed up a performed action; c'mon, now


From Greek να (na), from Ancient Greek ἤν (ḗn).


here!, here you go, here you are (offering something to the listener)


From Proto-Iranian *ná, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ná, from Proto-Indo-European *ne. Related to ne.


(obsolete or dialectal, Far Masovian, Malbork) take it! here!


Cognate to Bulgarian на (na), from Proto-Slavic *na.


used when giving someone something; here!


From Russian на (na) or Ukrainian на (na).

(dialect, Trabzon, Rize) here it is! take it!


From Proto-Celtic *nekʷe, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ne (negative particle) + *-kʷe (“and”). Cognate with Old Irish nach and Latin neque.


Na, now or neveare! w' cry't t' Tommeen,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 9, page 88:


East Slavic:

Belarusian: на (na)

Russian: на (na)

Carpathian Rusyn: на (na)

Ukrainian: на (na)

→ Karaim:

Cyrillic script: на

Latin script: na

→ Turkish: na (Trabzon, Rize)

South Slavic:

Bulgarian: на (na)

Macedonian: на (na)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: на, на̏

Latin script: nȃ, nȁ

Slovene: nȃ (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Czech: na

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: na

Slovincian: na

Silesian: na

Slovak: na

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: na

Upper Sorbian: na

It has been identified with the preposition, such that its entry is unified in the Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages.


alright

→ Afrikaans: ôraait

→ Dutch: olrijt

[ɒː(ɫ)ˈɹəi̯t]

Univerbation from all + right. Compare Old English eallriht (“all-right, just, exactly”), equivalent to al- (“all”) + right.

cog

(informal) Used to indicate acknowledgement or acceptance; OK.

(UK, informal) A generic greeting; hello; how are you.


ook

Imitative of the cry of an ape or monkey.

onomatopoeic

Imitative

He tapped the Librarian on the shoulder. "Excuse me —" "Ook?" "Those guys just called you a monkey," said Glod.

The irate ape cries, "Ook ook! Ai ai ai!" He springs off the edge of the stone basin, clawing Cantare across the face and bursting through the door.

2004, Robert Arellano, Don Dimaio of La Plata:

Fingers pinched my eyelashes and lifted one eyelid. I looked straight into a big, leathery black face surrounded by brown fur. “Ook?” asked the monkey.

2014, Victoria Wessex, Shipwrecked with the Billionaire Rock Star:

(onomatopoeia) Used to represent the sound of the cry of an ape or monkey.

ウキー

used to represent the sound of the cry of an ape or monkey — see also oo oo aa aa


ixnay

Pig Latin version of nix; possibly the only Pig Latin phrase to enter common American English besides amscray and igpay. Ixnay and amscray were used widely in The Three Stooges shorts and The Flintstones episodes, possibly the main sources of popularity for the words.


do what

"The throbulator is connected via the tertiary wiring loom."' — "Do what??"

(idiomatic, colloquial) An intensified version of what? or huh?, expressing surprise or lack of comprehension

de quoi?

(expressing surprise or lack of comprehension)


evviva

Greek: εβίβα (evíva)

Evviva la regina!


cock-a-doodle-doo

Hark, hark, I heare, the ſtraine of ſtrutting Chanticlere cry cockadidle-dowe.

1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 5, column 1:

Chook, chook, quack, quack, / Cock-a-doodle-doo; / All the ducks and the fowls / Admire me, they do.

1875 July 23, Sydney Punch, page 1, column 1:


tik

imitative


kom

Bertil, detta är Adam. Inväntar order. Kom.

Bravo, this is Alpha. Awaiting orders. Over.

(procedure word, radiocommunication) over


same

From Middle English same, from Old Norse samr (“same”) and/or Old English same, sama (“same”) in the phrase swā same (swā) (“in like manner, in the same way (as)”), both from Proto-Germanic *samaz (“same”), from Proto-Indo-European *somHós (“same”). Doublet of -some.
Cognate with Scots samin (“same, like, together”), Dutch samen (“together”), Danish samme (“same”), Swedish samma (“same”), Norwegian Bokmål samme (“same”), Norwegian Nynorsk same (“same”), Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌰 (sama), a weak adjectival form, Ancient Greek ὁμός (homós, “same”), Old Irish som, Russian са́мый (sámyj), Sanskrit सम (samá), Persian هم (ham, “also, same”), Finnish sama (“same”), Estonian sama (“same”).

(Internet slang) Indicates the speaker's strong approval or agreement with the previous material.


actually

A: That was a pretty good movie.

B: Actually!

(Philippines, informal) Indicating affirmation, agreement.


adieu

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-adieu.wav

From Middle English adieu also adew, adewe, adue, from Old French adieu (“to God”), a shortening of a Dieu vous comant (“I commend you to God”), from Medieval Latin ad Deum (“to God”). Doublet of adios.

BEATRICE. What fire is in mine ears? Can this be true?
Stand I condemn'd for pride and scorn so much?
Contempt, farewell! and maiden pride, adieu!
No glory lives behind the back of such.

1598–1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “Much Adoe about Nothing”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:


adieu

Negerhollands: adjo, adjoe

→ Virgin Islands Creole: adio

From Middle Dutch adiu, from Middle French [Term?], from Old French [Term?]. Later reinfluenced by French adieu (“to God”).


adieu

→ Alemannic German: àdje (Alsatian)

→ Danish: adjø

desctree

→ Dutch: adieu
Negerhollands: adjo, adjoe
→ Virgin Islands Creole: adio

→ English: adieu

→ German: Adieu, tschö

→ Hungarian: agyő

→ Luxembourgish: äddi

→ Norwegian:

→ Norwegian Bokmål: adjø

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: adjø

→ Polish: adieu

→ Romanian: adio (both from French adieu and Italian addio)

→ Russian: адьё (adʹjó), адью (adʹju)

→ Swedish: adjö

→ Yiddish: אַדיע (adye)

Shortened form of Old French a Dieu vos comant, from Medieval Latin ad Deum, equivalent to Old French à dieu vous commant (“I commend (entrust) you to God”). Compare Aragonese, Asturian, Extremaduran, and Spanish adiós; Catalan adeu; Dutch adjuus; English and Occitan adieu; German tschüss; Greek αντίο (antío); Galician and Portuguese adeus; Italian addio; Maltese addiju; Mirandese adius; Serbo-Croatian ади̏о, adȉo; Slovene adȋjo.

cog

Near-synonym: à plus tard

dire adieu à quelqu’un ou à quelque chose

to say goodbye to someone or to something

se dire adieu

adieu à jamais / adieu pour toujours / adieu pour jamais / adieu à tout jamais

Tu peux dire adieu à tout ça.

Adieu, monsieur le professeur. On ne vous oubliera jamais.

[to a teacher] Goodbye, sir. We will never forget you.

Maintenant que j’ai dit adieu à mes rêves de bonheur, je me sens plus heureux.

Now that I have said goodbye to my dreams of happiness, I feel happier.


adieu

Unadapted borrowing from French adieu. First attested in the 19th century. Doublet of adio and adios.

ref

Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “adieu”, in Słownik języka polskiego

(literary) adieu (said to wish a final farewell; goodbye)


bom

onomatopoeic

Imitative


bom

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese bõo, inherited from Latin bonus (“good”), from Old Latin duonos, earlier duenos, from Proto-Italic *dwenos.
Compare Fala and Galician bo, Spanish bueno, French bon, Italian buono, and Romanian bun. Doublet of bónus, a later borrowing.

inh+

For terms derived from the feminine inflection


hus

Related to Karelian huš. Probably also somehow akin to Germanic words (all dialectal): Swedish huss, German huss, English huss.


hai

As her famously no-BS longtime PT Don Saladino, who has a next-level celeb roster (oh HAIII, Anne Hathaway and Emily Blunt!), told WH: ‘It’s about improving your body’s resilience and energy […] making sure we’re optimising everything we do’.

2023 June 5, Rebecca Gillam, “18 celebs who swear by weight training, from Adele to Millie Mackintosh & Frankie Bridge”, in Women's Health:


hai

Hai an·ching nokona re·anga


hai

Hai orang-orang yang beriman!


hai

Hai, tengah buat apa ni?


hai

hai să mergem


hai

(Vallader) yes (used to indicate agreement with the speaker in a conversation)


hai

Borrowed from English hi (“hello”).
Further reinforced/contaminated by the coincidental usage of "two" (see etymology above) fingers when making V sign, therefore Vietnamese speakers would likely make V signs when being told to say "hai"/hi when photographed.


odi

Odi mijn heer hoe fa joe tan gran tanki fo myn heer a komi ja fo loeke da pranasie wan trom.

ca. 1765, Pieter van Dyk, Nieuwe en nooit bevoorens geziene Onderwyzinge in het Bastert, of Neeger Engels, zoo als het zelve in de Hollandsze Colonien gebruikt word [New and unprecedented instruction in Bastard or Negro English, as it is used in the Dutch colonies], Frankfurt/Madrid: Iberoamericana, retrieved 2021-03-20:

Good day, Sir, how are you? Many thanks to Sir, (that) he has come here to look at the plantation on this occasion.


largo

Inherited from Latin largus. Displaced luengo from Latin longus. Cognate with English large.
The coffee was named by don José Prado Crespo, see: nube.


ja

desctree

Afrikaans: ja
→ English: ja
→ Portuguese: iá, yá, ya

Indonesian: ya

Berbice Creole Dutch: ja

Jersey Dutch: jâ

Negerhollands: ja, ju

Skepi Creole Dutch: ja

→ Saramaccan: jahái, jaái

From Middle Dutch ja, from Old Dutch *jā, from Proto-Germanic *ja.

"Ja!" riep hij luid toen er een doelpunt viel.

Yes! he screamed loudly when they scored a goal.

(Suriname, informal) A casual greeting acknowledging the presence of a person; hey, hi, what's up

(Suriname, informal) Used as a request for someone to repeat something not heard or understood clearly; say again, what's that


ja

Austrian German, common in casual speech as an influence of the Austro-Bavarian language

From Middle High German ja, from Old High German ja, jā (“yes”), from Proto-Germanic *ja (“yes”).


ja

Jössz holnap a meccsre? – Ja.

“Are you coming to the game tomorrow?” “Yep.”

(informal) yep (indicates agreement, approval, or understanding)

Este nem jár a vonat. – Ja, hát akkor menjünk busszal!

“No train is leaving in the evening.” “Oh, well then let's travel by bus!”

Ezt nem is Miki küldte! – Ja, lehet, hogy én értettem félre.

“This was not sent by Miki!” “Oh, then I must have misunderstood it.”

(informal) oh (indicates understanding something finally after a misunderstanding or confusion)


ja

(reduplicated) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:


ja

Compare German ja, Dutch ja, Swedish ja.


ja

Ja Ivane, mio pobratime!

1891, Vuk Stefanović Karadžić, Srpske narodne pjesme:


ja

Also used repeatedly: jaja, jajaja


nos

no (interjection) + s (“and”, conjunction)


bon

Inherited from Middle French bon, from Old French bon, from Latin bonus (“good”), from Old Latin duenos, later duonus, from Proto-Italic *dwenos.


fuss

Fuss! Meiri vitleysan!

pshaw!, pht!, used to indicate disapproval or scoffery


né

Clipping of nézd, the second-person singular subjunctive definite of néz (“to look”).

(folksy) look!, see! (expressing surprise or wanting to get attention)


pera

Clipping of espera, imperative of esperar (“to wait”)

(colloquial) wait (asking for stop to make an observation)


bok

onomatopoeic

Imitative

And he says, "Chicken! Bok bok bok bok!" One time I got up and put the controller down and we started fighting.

2000, William S Pollack, Todd Shuster, Real boys' voices:

So the librarian gives the chicken a book. The chicken goes away, but comes back the next day, goes up to the librarian's desk and says: 'Bok, bok!'

2004, Andrew Bennett, Nicholas Royle, An introduction to literature, criticism and theory:


bok

From Bog (shortened from a greeting such as Bog s tobom, zdravobog, etc.) by devoicing of the final consonant typical in Kajkavian dialects. Attested in Zagreb colloqual usage since mid-20th century. A widespread alternative etymology proposes a fictional Austrian German greeting mein Bücken (supposedly "my bow"); the etymology is not acceptable, as the greeting is not attested in German, and the usual loanword adaptation into Croatian would yield a different phonetic form.


whey

He swayed over to the door, peered out, shouted "whey!" and came back, looking severe.

1928, Ruth Manning-Sanders, Waste Corner:

somebody who was more or less to their senses, shouted... ' Whey! ... Had on lads!' and everybody was trying to get wocken up and sorted out.

1982, Frank Entwisle, Abroad in England:

... apart from Max, who rode his pallet like a surfboard with a huge grin plastered across his face. “Wheyyyyyyy!” Max yelled with delight.

2011 September 1, Case File 12: The Case of the Messy Mucked Up Masterpiece, Hachette UK, →ISBN:

Several drunken men shouted from the corner. “Wheyyyy, showtime! Go on, go on!”

2016 December 30, Hahn Moo-Sook, The House of Pomegranate Trees, Literature Translation Institute of Korea, →ISBN:

12. Smashing a glass and the whole bar choruses "WHEYYYY".

2014 February 18, Catriona Harvey-Jenner, “25 things only bar staff will understand”, in Cosmopolitan UK:

If they don't shout "wheyyy" when you smash a glass, did it even smash?

2020 February 10, Claire Galloway, “15 things only people who have worked in an Edinburgh pub will understand”, in Edinburgh Live:

the sloshed post-work boozers all shout "Wheyyyyyyy!' at a glass that's smashed on the floor

2024 May 9, Oisín McKenna, Evenings and Weekends, HarperCollins UK, →ISBN:

(UK) Shouted when someone drops a glass or other crockery, especially in a pub.


agreed

Totally agreed!

Indicates agreement on the part of the speaker.


yeh

(colloquial, informal) Alternative form of yeah; yes.


hüa

Onomatopoeic. Compare Dutch ju, French hue.

Hüa, Pferdchen!

(directed at a horse) giddyup!, move on!, go faster!


beauty

From Middle English bewty, bewte, beaute, bealte, from Anglo-Norman and Old French beauté (early Old French spelling biauté), from Vulgar Latin *bellitātem (“beauty”), from Latin bellus (“beautiful, fair”); see beau. In this sense, mostly displaced native Old English fæġernes, whence Modern English fairness.

It's the long weekend. Beauty!


Jesus

/ˈd͡ʒiːˌzʌs/

From Middle English Jhesus, Iesus, from Latin Iēsūs, from Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), from Biblical Hebrew יֵשׁוּעַ (yēšū́aʿ), a contracted form of יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (yəhōšúaʿ, “Joshua”). The form יֵשׁוּעַ (yēšū́aʿ) is attested in some of the later books of the Hebrew Bible (Ezra–Nehemiah), and translated as Jeshua or Yeshua in some English editions (the former appearing in the King James Version). The Greek texts make no distinction between Jesus and Joshua, referring to them both as Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs). In the Wycliffe Bible (Middle English), the forms used are Jhesus and Jhesu.

Jesus, that was close!

Jesus… How many people killed here?

Jesus! Do not move, I’ll get assistance!

Patient: ...too much is bad for you.
Doctor: Well of course too much is bad for you, that's what "too much" means, you blithering twat. If you had too much water, it would be bad for you, wouldn't it? "Too much" precisely means that quantity which is excessive, that's what it means. Could you ever say "too much water is good for you"? I mean if it's too much it's too much. Too much of anything is too much. Obviously. Jesus.

1989 January 27, Stephen Fry et al., “Doctor Tobacco”, in A Bit of Fry and Laurie, season 1, episode 3:

‘Jesus suffering fuck,’ said Adrian. ‘It's not half a thought.’
‘Face it, it’s a wow.’

1991 September, Stephen Fry, chapter 1, in The Liar, London: Heinemann, →ISBN, →OCLC, section I, page 19:

(possibly offensive, blasphemous) An exclamation, particularly used to express excitement or exasperation.


Jesus

Relatinised from Old Galician-Portuguese Jesu, from Latin Iēsūs, from Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), from Hebrew ישוע (yeshúa).

Jesus, o que foi aquilo?

(slang) Used to express surprise, excitement or exasperation.


caw

"Amen," said M., in a grave and solemn tone. "Caw," croaked the jackdaw immediately, and with such a sonorous effect, that it disturbed our pious mien and upset our gravity.

1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 36:

A rendering of the vocalisation of a crow or other corvid.


doo

child speak

(Ever feel like you've just entered... The Twilight Zone? Doo, doo, doo, doo, doo, doo....)

1995, Phil Farrand, The Nitpicker's Guide for Next Generation Trekkers: Volume 2:

[…] the bloke who sang about coloured girls going 'doo de doo de doo doo d'de doo de doo de doo' had once had this thing with the guy who produced the debut albums by the Stooges and Patti Smith.

2006, Steve Taylor, A to X of Alternative Music, page 272:


beli

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish بلی (beli).


nei

From Old Norse nei, from Proto-Germanic *nai (“never”), *nē (“not”), from Proto-Indo-European *ne, *nē, *nēy (negative particle).

jú

implies a positive contradiction, used to contradict a negative

Nei, en gaman!

Nei, hæ!

exclamation indicating being pleasantly surprised


nei

no (used to show disagreement or negation)


do widzenia

Literally, “to seeing [each other]”. Compare Serbo-Croatian doviđenja, French au revoir.


음

음, 맞는 말인 거 같아.

음, 이건 좀 아니지 않아?

hmm, umm, uh; indicating thinking or pondering, often with a sense of hesitation.


ingat

[ˈʔiː.ŋɐt̪̚]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *iŋat, from Proto-Austronesian *iŋat. Compare Malay ingat (“to remember”) and Urak Lawoi' อีงัยจ (ingac, “to think”).

Ingat po sa biyahe!


purr

Onomatopoeic.

recorded purring of a cat

listen/core

recorded purring of a cat

ombox/core

recorded purring of a cat

ombox

recorded purring of a cat

mbox

recorded purring of a cat


presto

So I put my hand into the hat and presto! Out comes a rabbit!

You know the old man's ivory leg, well I dreamed he kicked me with it ; and when I tried to kick back, upon my soul, my little man, I kicked my leg right off! And then, presto! Ahab seemed a pyramid, and I, like a blazing fool, kept kicking at it.

1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 31, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 142:

Used by magicians when performing a trick; ta-da; voilà.


giddyup

(directed at a horse) Move on!, go faster!


rip

lmfao rip your dms

(Internet slang) Alternative letter-case form of RIP


nya

From the Japanese onomatopoeia にゃ (nya).

(anime and manga fandom) The cry of a cat; meow, miaow.


nou

From Middle Dutch nou, a variant of nu, from Old Dutch *nu, from Proto-Germanic *nu.

Nou, vertel me de waarheid dan!

Nou, ik weet het nog niet zo zeker.

well; indicates a certain degree of doubt.

Nou, het waait toch wel hard hoor!


chap

used to express an unexpected movement involving a sudden grasping of something


kyllä

From Proto-Finnic *küllä. Cognates include Estonian küll, Ingrian kyl, Karelian kyllä, Livonian ki’l, Veps külläine (“content, fat”) and Votic küll. Also related to Northern Sami galˈle. The adverb developed from the noun, while the interjection developed from the adverb, perhaps under Germanic influence (see usage notes).


kyllä

From Proto-Finnic *küllä. Cognates include Finnish kyllä and Estonian küll.


da

You know that tune that goes "da da da di-dum di-dum"?

A meaningless syllable used when singing a tune or indicating a rhythm.


da

Mäni da i heittiis makkaamaa, ja makkais taas hoomuksee nasse.

1885, “Sprachproben: Der goldene Vogel”, in Volmari Porkka, editor, Ueber den Ingrischen Dialekt mit Berücksichtigung der übrigen finnisch-ingermanländischen Dialekte:

He went and threw himself to sleep, too, and he slept up till the morning again.


da

From a Slavic language (e.g. Bulgarian, Serbo-Croatian, Russian; or rather a loan from a Common Slavic before the emergence of distinct modern languages), from Proto-Slavic *da.
Another less likely (and controversial) theory argues that it perhaps derived originally from the Latin ita, one of several ways to say "thus", "so" or "yes"; it further may have been influenced by the da, also meaning "yes", in the surrounding Slavic languages before reaching its present state (see Sprachbund). See also dacă, which according to this theory derives from ita quod. In some regions, ta is used repeatedly to indicate impatience with someone talking too much or aimlessly, although this is more likely onomatopoetic in origin. Nonetheless, Romanian etymological dictionaries derive da from a Slavic language, which is almost certainly the primary source.


bother

Borrowed from Scots bauther, bather (“to bother”). Origin unknown. Perhaps related to Scots pother (“to make a stir or commotion, bustle”), also of unknown origin. Compare English pother (“to poke, prod”), variant of potter (“to poke”). More at potter. Perhaps related to Irish bodhaire (“noise”), Irish bodhraim (“to deafen, annoy”).

cog

[H]e suddenly flung down his brush on the floor, said "Bother!" and "Oh blow!" and also "Hang spring-cleaning!" and bolted out of the house without even waiting to put on his coat.

1908, Kenneth Grahame, The Wind in the Willows, London: Wordsworth Classics, published 1993, page 11:

"Oh, help!" said Pooh. "I'd better go back."
"Oh, bother!" said Pooh. "I shall have to go on."
"I can't do either!" said Pooh. "Oh, help and bother!"

1926, A A Milne, Winnie the Pooh, Methuen & Co., Ltd., Chapter 2 ...in which Pooh goes visiting and gets into a tight place


meow

Alteration of earlier mew, from Middle English mewen, mouwen (“to mew, meow”), of onomatopoeic origin.
Compare Saterland Frisian mauje, miauje (“to meow”), West Frisian miaukje (“to meow”), Dutch miauwen (“to meow”), Middle Low German mauwen, mawen, mouwen (“to meow”) (whence modern German Low German mauen, miauen (“to meow”)), Middle High German mouen, modern German miauen (“to meow”). Some spellings were modelled on French miaou.
Meow and its spelling variants entered widespread currency in the 19th century, mostly replacing mew. Possibly because phonetic change meant that word had ceased to approximate a cat's cry. Contrast the pronunciation of Middle English mewen /ˈmɛu̯ən/ compared to modern /ˈmjuː/).

(colloquial) Used in reply to a spiteful or catty comment.

(colloquial) Used to express seductiveness, mimicking a growl.


nun

From Middle High German nu, nū, nuo with a secondary final -n, already occasionally in Middle High German nuon, from Old High German nu, from Proto-West Germanic *nū.

Nun, das ist eine schwierige Frage.


ajatella

/ˈɑjɑtelːɑˣ/

[ˈɑ̝jɑ̝ˌt̪e̞lːɑ̝(ʔ)]

ajattaa + -ella, derived from ajattaa like ajatus, as well as aate and aatos through dialectal forms. While the exact development from a verb meaning "to drive; chase" to senses related to thinking is not entirely clear, one possibility is that they are figurative uses of some dialectal senses of ajattaa, particularly "to chase, hunt" and "to follow a trail", hinting at a "to chase, hunt, follow a trail to hunt an animal" → "to chase a thought, try to recall" → "to think (about)".

to think (that). An expression of confusion, surprise or thoughtfulness.


alias

Hautakiviä kaatui ja ihmiset talloivat hautoja. Kirill ja pikkuveli Georgij alias Ykä päättivät, että sama ei tapahdu enää ikinä.

2020 September 22, Raila Kinnunen, “70 vuotta Kirkan syntymästä: 'Poismennyttä ihmistä voi ajatella ilolla – Lähtijällä on nyt hyvä olla, hänellä ei ole hätää, ei kipua eikä tuskaa'”, in Apu:

Headstones fell and people trampled on the graves. Kirill and his little brother Georgij alias Ykä decided that such a thing would never happen again.

alias, AKA (used to introduce an alternative name)


musta

used to ask about the status of someone or something


dung

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-dung.wav

Audio stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn

Alternative spelling of dong (“sound of a bell”)


choice

From Middle English choys, from a merger of the noun above and Middle English chyse, chuse, chys, chis (“choice, excellent”), from Old English ċīes (“choice; dainty; nice”), related to Old English ċēosan (“to choose”).

inh

"I'm going to the movies." —"Choice!"


dasar

Inherited from Malay dasar, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ðsar. Compare Javanese ꦝꦱꦂ (dhasar), Old Javanese ḍasar (“base, bottom; workshop”).


ago

àgò onílé yìí o!

excuse me, hello, an interjection used to get the attention of the addressee


pity

From Middle English pitye, pitie, pittye, pitee, pite, from Anglo-Norman pité, pittee etc., from Old French pitet, pitié, from Latin pietās. See also the doublets pietà and piety.


out

From Middle English out, oute, from a combination of Old English ūt (“out”, preposition & adverb), from Proto-West Germanic *ūt, from Proto-Germanic *ūt (“out”); and Old English ūte (“outside; without”, adverb), from Proto-Germanic *ūtai (“out; outside”); both from Proto-Indo-European *úd (“upwards, away”).
Cognate with Scots oot, out (“out”), Saterland Frisian uut, uute (“out”), West Frisian út (“out”), Dutch uit (“out”), German Low German ut (“out”), German aus (“out”), Norwegian/Swedish ut, ute (“out; outside”), Danish ud, ude (“out; outside”).

inh

Destruction. Two T-72s destroyed. Three foot mobiles down. Out.

[Galactic Federation official]: 'Does Samus suspect anything?' / Ship AI: 'No, I do not think so.' / [Galactic Federation official]: 'Good. Monitor her closely.' / Ship AI: 'Affirmative. Out.'

2002 November 18, Nintendo R&D1, Metroid Fusion, Nintendo, Game Boy Advance, scene: dispatch:

(procedure word, especially military) A radio procedure word meaning that the station is finished with its transmission and does not expect a response.

Out, damned spot! Out, I say!

c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):


ayo

"Ayo, Red. It's the homie Spits on the jack for you, blood." "Ayo, homeboy," said Red as he excitedly picked up the telephone receiver. "What's up, fool?"

2004, Michael Daniel Baptiste, Cracked Dreams, page 73:

“Ayo, wassup, girl,” he said to Keisha as he continued to walk toward the back area where I stood. […] “Ayo, wassup, playa?

2007, Reginald L. Hall, In Love with a Thug, page 38:

Ayo Toine, you think they'd put me down?

2007, Tony J. Ward, Jr., I've Got to Make It to Heaven for Going Through Hell: Part 1, page 39:

"Ayo, fam, you a'ight down there?" Victorious's cell mate asked.

2007, Nikki Turner, Christmas in the Hood, page 289:

"Ayo, ma, where you going?" a dude asked her as she walked by him.

2008, Treasure Hernandez, Resurrection, page 106:

"Ayo, Kalil!" a man's voice said from amidst the crowd. Kalil looked up and saw his lil' man, Peanut, distributing packets of heroin and taking money from the fiends.

2008, Ashley JaQuavis, The Trophy Wife, page 103:

"Ayo, Cee, listen to this shit here," said Matt, passing him his cell.

2010, R Green Damon, Somethin' to Think about, page 197:

Ayo, what'd you just say?

(slang) Used to imply that what was said is inappropriate or "sus".


ayo

Compare ayom (“to heal”), ayad (“to repair”), and Tagalog ayos (“to repair”).

Ayo? Naay tawo?

said in place of knocking, or looking for people: hello?; knock knock!


ayo

From Malay ayuh, ayo, from Classical Malay ايوه (ayuh), ايو (ayo). Cognate of Malay ayuh, Javanese ꦲꦪꦺꦴ (ayo, “come on, let's, please”).

cog

Ayo beli baju Hishiro sekarang!

Come on, get your own Hishiro clothes now!


ayo

From Spanish adiós and Portuguese adeus.


maa

[mæ̰ː ~ mæˀæˀæ]

A bleating sound, as that of a sheep or goat.


afternoon

From Middle English afternone, after-non, equivalent to after- + noon.


kissa vieköön

[ˈk̟is̠ːɑ̝ ˈʋie̞̯k̟ø̞ːn]


na zdravie

na zdravie lit. for health (canonical)
idiomatically (canonical)
to your health (canonical)


get knotted

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-get knotted.wav

You want me to go to the party with you? Get knotted!

(chiefly British, imperative, slang) A mildly offensive expression of refusal.


fiat

Fiat, fiat!

Maledictus qui indivisam deitatem Patris, et Filii, et sancti Spiritus non confitetur. Fiat, fiat.

c. 5th century CE, Vigilius of Thapsus, De Trinitate 6.255

Accursed be he who does not confess the undivided godhead of Father, and Son, and Holy Spirit. So let it be, so let it be.

Expression of affirmation; make it so, so let it be, so be it


ale

Czech: ale

used at the beginning of a sentence; similar in meaning to the English "hey, not so fast", especially when used multiple times

The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:


apa

From Proto-Malayic *apa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *apa (compare Maori aha).

Apa, itu jawapan yang betul?

What:
An expression of surprise or disbelief.

Apa? Aku ada hal lain lah.

What? I have other business to attend to.

What do you want? An abrupt, usually unfriendly enquiry as to what a person desires.

— Saya nak yang eerrrrrr mmmm ...
— Apa?
— I want the eerrrrrr mmmm ...
— What?

What did you say? I beg your pardon? This usage is often considered impolite, with the more polite "Maaf?" or "Sori?" preferred.

Dia, apa, doktor, kan?

Indicating a guess or approximation, or a pause to try to recall information.


ish

en-adj

ish (comparative more ish, superlative most ish)

more ish (comparative)
most ish (superlative)

(informal, Canada, US, regional) ick, yuck


meef

1994, Don Blaheta, in rec.games.abstract http://groups.google.com/group/rec.games.abstract/msg/507f9cb8139f0115?dmode=source&hl=en
Also, I'd like NOMIC rules. Someone said they had already been posted here, but I don't see them. Meef.

1999, Adrian Kleinbergen, in alt.nosebeeping http://groups.google.com/group/alt.nosebeeping/msg/97636dbad3fe4410?dmode=source&hl=en
Whenever I beep my wife's nose, she says "meef!"

(informal) A cry of strangled surprise or confusion.


ciao

Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”), from Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant”), from Venetan s-ciao / s-ciavo (“servant, slave”), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”), related also to Italian schiavo, English Slav, slave and Old Venetan S-ciavón ("Slav"), from Latin Sclavus, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ. Not related to Vietnamese chào (“hello, goodbye”). Doublet of Slav and slave.

تْشَاو

transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell


ciao

Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”), from Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye; your (humble) servant”), from Venetan s-ciao (“servant, slave”) or s-ciavo (“servant, slave”), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”), related also to Italian schiavo, English Slav, slave and Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”), from Latin Sclavonia (“Slavonia”).


ciao

Borrowed from Italian ciao from Venetan ciao, ultimately from Latin sclavus. Doublet of Sklave and Slawe.


ciao

→ Alemannic German: tschau, tschavò

→ Bavarian: ciao

→ Bulgarian: ча́о (čáo)

→ Czech: čau

→ Dutch: tjo

→ Esperanto: ĉaŭ

→ Estonian: tšau, tsau, tšauki, tsauki

→ Finnish: tsau, tsaukki

→ French: ciao, tchao

→ German: tschau, ciao

→ Hungarian: csaó, csá

→ Interlingua: ciao

→ Japanese: チャオ (chao)

→ Latvian: čau

→ Macedonian: чао (čao)

→ Maltese: ċaw

→ Norwegian Bokmål: ciao

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: ciao

→ Polish: ciao

desc

→ Portuguese: tchau, chau, xau (Portugal), ciao (dated)

→ Russian: ча́о (čáo)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ћао

Latin script: ćao

→ Slovak: čau

→ Slovene: čáo

→ Spanish: chao, chau

→ Turkish: çav

→ Ukrainian: ча́о (čáo)

Borrowed from Venetan s-ciao, sciavo (“slave”) (in particular the expression s-ciao vostro (literally “(I am) your slave”), in essence meaning "I am at your service", or "your humble servant"), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”) (whence also standard Italian schiavo); in the Venetan language originally pronounced /stʃaʊ/. Development and use is similar to the Southern German and Central European greeting of servus.

È questo il fiore del partigiano,
o bella, ciao! bella, ciao! bella, ciao, ciao, ciao!
È questo il fiore del partigiano,

Early 1940s, written by an unknown Italian partisan, Bella Ciao (Goodbye, beautiful!)

This is the flower of the partisan,
Oh beautiful, goodbye! Beautiful, goodbye! Beautiful, goodbye, goodbye, goodbye!
This is the flower of the partisan,
Who died for freedom!


ciao

From Italian ciao, from Venetan sciavo (“slave”), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”), from Late Latin Sclavus (“Slav”) (as Slavs were often forced into slavery in the Middle Ages), from Byzantine Greek Σκλάβος (Sklábos), from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ. Doublet of slave and slaver.


ciao

From Italian ciao, from Venetan sciavo (“slave”), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“slave”). This in turn is from Late Latin Sclavus (“Slav”), from Byzantine Greek Σκλάβος (Sklábos), from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ, as Slavs were often forced into slavery in the Middle Ages. Doublet of slave and slavar.


будь здоров

head

будь здоро́в

будь здоро́в • (budʹ zdoróv)

будь здоро́в (canonical)
budʹ zdoróv (romanization)

LL-Q7737 (rus)-Tatiana Kerbush-будь здоров.wav

(informal, to a man/boy) gesundheit!, bless you!

(informal, to a man/boy) good-bye (lit., "be healthy"), take care


سلام

ar-interj

سَلَام • (salām)

Maltese: sliem

→ Azerbaijani: salam

→ Bashkir: сәләм (sələm)

→ Central Kurdish: سڵاو (siḷaw)

→ Chechen: салам (salam)

→ Chinese:

Dungan: сэляму (seli͡amu)

Mandarin: 色蘭／色兰 (sèlán), 薩拉姆／萨拉姆 (sàlāmǔ)

→ Chuvash: салам (salam)

desctree

→ Classical Persian: سلام (salām)
→ Bengali: সেলাম (śelam), সালাম (salam)
→ Gujarati: સલામ (salām)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: सलाम (salām)
Urdu: سلام (salām)
→ Mauritian Creole: salam
→ Kazakh: сәлем (sälem)
→ Kyrgyz: салам (salam)
→ Marathi: सलाम (salām)
→ Mazanderani: سلام (selâm)
→ Nepali: सलाम (salām)
→ Punjabi: ਸਲਾਮ (salām)
→ Pashto: سلام (salām)
→ Sindhi: (salāmu)
Arabic script: سَلامُ
Devanagari script: सलामु
→ Telugu: సలాము (salāmu), సలాం (salāṁ)
→ Turkmen: salam, selam
→ Uyghur: سالام (salam)
→ Uzbek: salom

→ English: salaam

→ Finnish: salaam

→ French: salam

→ Georgian: სალამი (salami)

→ German: Salam

→ Greek: σαλάμ (salám)

→ Hebrew: סלאם (salam)

→ Hungarian: szálem

→ Japanese: サラーム (sarāmu)

→ Korean: 살람 (sallam)

→ Lak: салам (salam)

→ Lezgi: салам (salam)

→ Malagasy: salama

→ Malay: salam

Indonesian: salam

→ Maranao: salam

desc

→ Middle Armenian: սալամ (salam), սէլամ (sēlam)

→ Northern Kurdish: selam, silav

→ Ossetian: салам (salam)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: سلام (selam), սէլամ (selam) — Armeno-Turkish
Turkish: selam
→ Albanian: selam
→ Cappadocian Greek: σελάμι (selámi)

→ Polish: salam

→ Portuguese: salama

desc

→ Russian: саля́м (saljám), селя́м (seljám), сала́м (salám), сало́м (salóm)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сѐла̄м

Latin script: sèlām

→ Swahili: salamu, salaam

→ Tatar: сәлам (sälam)

→ Vietnamese: xa-lam

Semantic loan from Aramaic שְׁלָמָא / ܫܠܵܡܵܐ (šəlāmā, “wholeness, welfare; peace”, used as a greeting). Cognate with Hebrew שלום (shalóm).


سلام

head

سلام • (salâm)

Borrowed from Arabic سَلَام (salām, “peace”).

bor+

سلام!

سلام علیکم!


سلام

سَلامُ (canonical)
salāmu (romanization)
सलामु (Devanagari)


سلام

سَلام (canonical)
salām (romanization)
सलाम (Hindi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian سَلَام (salām), itself from Arabic سَلَام (salām). First attested in c. 1503 as Middle Hindi سلام (slam).

Clipping of السلام علیکم (al-salām 'alaikum, “hello, hi, hiya”).
سَلام! ― salām! ― hello!
سَلام عَلَیکُم!
salām 'alaikum!
hello!

interjection used to greet or often fare adieu to someone.


punto

Inherited from Latin pūnctum (“point”), from pungō (“to prick, to puncture”). Cognate with Galician punto, Portuguese ponto, and Catalan punt.


kick ass

Kick ass! I just got my friend to stop playing that stupid song!

(sometimes vulgar, slang) Used to express happiness or a feeling of accomplishment.


anda

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


it's about time

So Johnny has finally learned the alphabet - it's about time too, he's 6!

(idiomatic, sarcastic) Used to express impatience at the eventual occurrence of something that the speaker or writer has deemed to be long overdue.


zum

(onomatopoeia) the sound of something rushing by


zum

zoom; a humming sound made by an insect's flight


azda

To azda nie!–I hope not., That can't be!, Perhaps not.

maybe, perhaps. Often used in negative sentences to express surprise or disapproval. Generally hard to translate with just a single word