din

di (feminine)
ditt (neuter)
dine (plural)
din (accusative masculine nominative singular)
di (accusative feminine nominative singular)
ditt (accusative neuter nominative singular)
dinom (dative dialectal masculine rare singular)
dinne (dative dialectal feminine rare singular)
dino (dative dialectal neuter rare singular)
dine (accusative masculine nominative plural)
dina (accusative feminine nominative plural)
dine (accusative neuter nominative plural)
di (accusative neuter nominative plural)
dinom (dative dialectal plural rare)

Declension of din


din

dīn (canonical)
dīnēr (masculine nominative singular)
dīn (masculine nominative singular)
dīniu (feminine nominative singular)
dīn (feminine nominative singular)
dīnaz (neuter nominative singular)
dīn (neuter nominative singular)
dīnan (accusative masculine singular)
dīna (accusative feminine singular)
dīnaz (accusative neuter singular)
dīnes (genitive masculine singular)
dīnera (feminine genitive singular)
dīnes (genitive neuter singular)
dīnemu (dative masculine singular)
dīneru (dative feminine singular)
dīnemu (dative neuter singular)
dīnu (instrumental masculine singular)
dīnu (instrumental neuter singular)
dīne (masculine nominative plural)
dīn (masculine nominative plural)
dīno (feminine nominative plural)
dīn (feminine nominative plural)
dīniu (neuter nominative plural)
dīn (neuter nominative plural)
dīne (accusative masculine plural)
dīno (accusative feminine plural)
dīniu (accusative neuter plural)
dīnero (genitive masculine plural)
dīnero (feminine genitive plural)
dīnero (genitive neuter plural)
dīnēm (dative masculine plural)
dīnēm (dative feminine plural)
dīnēm (dative neuter plural)

Middle High German: dīn

Alemannic German: diin, dyn

Bavarian: dei

Cimbrian: dain, doi (Luserna)

German: dein

Hunsrik: dein

Luxembourgish: däin

Yiddish: דײַן (dayn)

From Proto-West Germanic *þīn, whence also Old English þīn, Old Norse þínn.


din

head

din (feminine dien, neuter dien, plural dien, predicative dinnen)

dien (feminine)
dien (neuter)
dien (plural)
dinnen (predicative)

From Old Frisian thīn, from Proto-West Germanic *þīn. Cognates include West Frisian dyn and German dein.


din

din c (neuter singular ditt, plural dina)

ditt (neuter singular)
dina (plural)
jag (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
mig (first-person oblique personal pronoun singular)
mej (colloquial first-person oblique personal pronoun pronunciation-spelling singular)
min (first-person personal possessed-common possessive pronoun singular)
mitt (first-person personal possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular)
mina (first-person personal possessed-many possessive pronoun singular)
du (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
dig (oblique personal pronoun second-person singular)
dej (colloquial oblique personal pronoun pronunciation-spelling second-person singular)
din (personal possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person singular)
ditt (personal possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person singular)
dina (personal possessed-many possessive pronoun second-person singular)
han (masculine nominative person personal pronoun singular third-person)
honom (masculine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
han (informal masculine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (dialectal informal masculine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
hans (masculine person personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
hon (feminine nominative person personal pronoun singular third-person)
henne (feminine oblique person personal pronoun singular third-person)
hennes (feminine person personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
hen (gender-neutral neologism nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
hen (gender-neutral neologism oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
henom (gender-neutral neologism oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
hens (gender-neutral neologism personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
den (common-gender nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
den (common-gender oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
dess (common-gender personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
det (neuter nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
det (neuter oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
dess (neuter personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
man (indefinite nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (indefinite nominative personal pronoun singular third-person)
en (indefinite oblique personal pronoun singular third-person)
ens (indefinite personal possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun singular third-person)
sig (oblique personal pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sej (colloquial oblique personal pronoun pronunciation-spelling reflexive singular third-person)
sin (personal possessed-common possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sitt (personal possessed-neuter possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
sina (personal possessed-many possessive pronoun reflexive singular third-person)
vi (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
oss (first-person oblique personal plural pronoun)
vår (first-person personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun)
våran (first-person informal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun)
vårt (first-person personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun)
vårat (first-person informal personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun)
våra (first-person personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun)
ni (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
er (oblique personal plural pronoun second-person)
er (personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person)
eran (informal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person)
ers (formal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person term-of-address)
ert (personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person)
erat (informal personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person)
era (personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun second-person)
I (archaic nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
eder (archaic oblique personal plural pronoun second-person)
eder (archaic personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person)
eders (archaic formal personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun second-person term-of-address)
edert (archaic personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun second-person)
edra (archaic personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun second-person)
de (nominative personal plural pronoun third-person)
dom (colloquial nominative personal plural pronoun pronunciation-spelling third-person)
dem (oblique personal plural pronoun third-person)
dom (colloquial oblique personal plural pronoun pronunciation-spelling third-person)
deras (personal plural possessed-common possessed-many possessed-neuter possessive pronoun third-person)
sig (oblique personal plural pronoun reflexive third-person)
sej (colloquial oblique personal plural pronoun pronunciation-spelling reflexive third-person)
sin (personal plural possessed-common possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)
sitt (personal plural possessed-neuter possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)
sina (personal plural possessed-many possessive pronoun reflexive third-person)

From Old Swedish þīn, from Old Norse þínn, from Proto-Germanic *þīnaz.

Din jävla idiot!

Din lille fan!

you; used for comparisons between the person spoken to and a common noun.


either

From Middle English either, from Old English ǣġhwæþer, from *aiwon + *gahwaþera. Akin to Old Saxon eogihwethar, iahwethar (Low German jeed); Old Dutch *iogewether, *iowether, *iother (Dutch ieder); Old High German eogihwedar, iegihweder, ieweder (German jeder).

You can have it in either colour.

There is a locomotive at either end of the train, one pulling and the other pushing.

His flowing hair
 In curls on either cheek played.

1667, John Milton, “Book III”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

Her hands, long and beautiful, lay on either side of her face.

1936, Djuna Barnes, Nightwood, Faber & Faber, published 2007, page 31:

I hope you will be ready to own publicly, whenever you shall be called to it, that by your great and frequent urgency you prevailed on me to publish a very loose and uncorrect account of my travels, with directions to hire some young gentleman of either university to put them in order, and correct the style, as my cousin Dampier did, by my advice, in his book called “A Voyage round the world.”

Jonathan Swift (1726) Gulliver's Travels, 1st edition

They entreat, they pray, they beg, they supplicate (will either of these do, Miss Clary?) that you will make no scruple to go to your uncle Antony's […].

1748, [Samuel Richardson], “Letter LI”, in Clarissa. Or, The History of a Young Lady: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to VII), London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; […], →OCLC:


either

English: either

Scots: aither

From Old English ǣġþer, a contraction of ǣġhwæþer.


ko

ko ñayko


mes

Inherited from Vulgar Latin mās, reduced form of Latin meās.


mes

Alternative form of mos, masculine plural of mon


mes

Louisiana Creole: mê

From Old French mes, from Latin meōs, meī and meās, meae.

Mes clés sont dans ma poche.

1 Also used before feminine adjectives and nouns beginning with a vowel

For the singular persons there are gender-neutral neologisms man


mes

French: mes


les

Alternative form of los, masculine plural of lo (“the”)


lo

lo m (prevocalic l', feminine singular la, masculine plural los, feminine plural les)

la (feminine singular)
los (masculine plural)
les (feminine plural)

the (masculine singular definite article)


lo

lo (demonstrative, Perso-Arabic spelling لوۡ)


nia

nia (plural niaj, accusative singular nian, accusative plural niajn)

niaj (plural)
nian (accusative singular)
niajn (accusative plural)


d'

d’athair

(before vowel sounds) Apocopic form of do: your (singular)


d'

deen (accusative masculine nominative)
déi (d') (accusative feminine nominative)
dat (d') (accusative neuter nominative)
déi (d') (accusative nominative plural)
deem (masculine)
där (feminine)
deem (neuter)
deen (plural)


d'

A bheil fios aig d’ athair?

Seo d’ fhaclair.

Apocopic form of do (“your”) (second-person singular possessive pronoun)


una

Inherited from Latin ūna, feminine of ūnus.


su

(Lagarteiru) Apocopic form of súa (“his, her, its, their”)

Determiner forms used in Lagarteiru before a noun


su

su (third person possessive of singular, plural sus)

of singular (possessive third-person)
sus (plural)

Inherited from Latin suum, from Proto-Italic *sowos, from Proto-Indo-European *sewos, from *swé.

Vino con su amigo.

Habló a sus hijas.

(before the noun) Apocopic form of suyo his, her, its, one's, their, your (formal)

Pesa sus dos kilogramos.

(literally, “It weighs its two kilograms.”)

used to express an approximate number: about, approximately


tia

eo-det

tia (accusative singular tian, plural tiaj, accusative plural tiajn)

tian (accusative singular)
tiaj (plural)
tiajn (accusative plural)

From ti- (demonstrative correlative prefix) + -a (correlative suffix of "kind").

suf

that kind of, such a (demonstrative correlative of kind)


ɔ

(please add the primary text of this usage example)


hora

(chiefly Early Middle English and West Midlands) Alternative form of here (“their”)


tra

head

tra (triggers lenition in the masculine/neuter singular, /h/-prothesis of the feminine singular, and nasalization (eclipsis) in the plural)

in the masculine (triggers-lenition)
neuter singular (triggers-lenition)
tra (mutation mutation-radical)
thra (mutation mutation-nasal)
tra (mutation)

Univerbation of tar (“over, across”) + a (“his, her, its, their”)


tra

da tarra sondeh mi no si ju

1783, C. L. Schumann, Neger-Englisches Worterbuch [Negro English Dictionary], archived from the original on 2023-02-08:


bu

From Proto-Turkic *bu(-n) (“this”) Compare Old Turkic 𐰉𐰆 (b¹u /bu/, “this”).

Bu uşaqlar məktəbə gedirlər.

Mən bu uşağın atası deyiləm.


bu

neuter nominative/accusative singular of beġen


bu

Bu sahifada hozircha hech qanday matn yoʻq.

There is currently no text in this page. / This page currently has no text.


par

Obsolete spelling of paar (“a few, couple”).


ikä

From Proto-Finnic *ikä. Cognate with Estonian iga and Livonian jega.


des

Des ròss is net main.

nominative/accusative singular neuter of dèar


scant

Adjective and determiner from Middle English scant, from Old Norse skamt, neuter of skammr (“short”), from Proto-Germanic *skammaz (“short”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱem- (“mutilated, hornless”). Verb from Middle English scanten, from the adjective. Noun and adverb from Middle English scant, from the adjective.

der

After his previous escapades, Mary had scant reason to believe John.

(as pronoun) The failure of this project has scant to do with me.

The summer I answered my first personals, I was a 19-year-old dyke living alone in a three-room bachelorette pad, scant blocks from Main Street, Waltham, Massachusetts.

1979 April 7, Pat M. Kuras, “Advertising for Love”, in Gay Community News, page 11:

[Minnesota Senator Steve] Daines isn’t the only example of right-wing politicians who wish to wield anti-Semitism as a convenient cudgel against their political enemies, with scant if any evidence. But Montana’s vanishingly small Jewish population makes it particularly clear that this strategy has little to do with flesh-and-blood Jews at all.

2019 July 17, Talia Lavin, “When Non-Jews Wield Anti-Semitism as Political Shield”, in GQ:


az

az (nominative singular)
azok (nominative plural)
azt (accusative singular)
azokat (accusative plural)
annak (dative singular)
azoknak (dative plural)
azzal (instrumental singular)
azokkal (instrumental plural)
azért (causal-final singular)
azokért (causal-final plural)
azzá (singular translative)
azokká (plural translative)
addig (singular terminative)
azokig (plural terminative)
akként (essive-formal singular)
azokként (essive-formal plural)
abban (inessive singular)
azokban (inessive plural)
azon (singular superessive)
azokon (plural superessive)
annál (adessive singular)
azoknál (adessive plural)
abba (illative singular)
azokba (illative plural)
arra (singular sublative)
azokra (plural sublative)
ahhoz (allative singular)
azokhoz (allative plural)
abból (elative singular)
azokból (elative plural)
arról (delative singular)
azokról (delative plural)
attól (ablative singular)
azoktól (ablative plural)
azé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
azoké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
azéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
azokéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)

The pronoun and determiner senses probably derive from an earlier a + a pronoun-forming suffix -z, where the former element originates from Proto-Uralic *o or *u (“that, that other”). Its cognates include Moksha омба (omba, “other”), омбоце (omboće, “second”), Eastern Mari умбал (umbal, “far, distant”), Udmurt отын (otyn, “there”) and Komi-Zyrian ата (ata, “here”), асы (asy, “look here”).
The definite article was created by means of conversion, originally only in the form az, later shortened to a’ before consonants until the early 20th century, when the spelling a was accepted.

cog

Az a ház nagyon szép.

Azzal a dobozzal nem tudok mit kezdeni.

Azokban a házakban venezuelaiak laknak.

In those houses, Venezuelan people are living.

(used before a noun phrase with a definite article, declined in accordance with the noun phrase it applies to) that

az ügyben (equivalent to abban az ügyben, but with an emphatic az)

az évben (equivalent to abban az évben, but with an emphatic az)

az az évi díjak (with an emphatic second az)

(rare, archaic, except in vowel-initial fixed phrases, with zero article) that


az

head

az (comparative daha az, superlative en az)

daha az (comparative)
en az (superlative)
azım (first-person predicative present singular)
az mıyım? (first-person interrogative predicative present singular)
az değilim (first-person interrogative negative predicative present singular)
az değil miyim? (first-person interrogative negative predicative present singular)
azsın (predicative present second-person singular)
az mısın? (interrogative predicative present second-person singular)
az değilsin (interrogative negative predicative present second-person singular)
az değil misin? (interrogative negative predicative present second-person singular)
az (predicative present singular third-person)
azdır (predicative present singular third-person)
az mı? (interrogative predicative present singular third-person)
az değil (interrogative negative predicative present singular third-person)
az değil mi? (interrogative negative predicative present singular third-person)
azız (first-person plural predicative present)
az mıyız? (first-person interrogative plural predicative present)
az değiliz (first-person interrogative negative plural predicative present)
az değil miyiz? (first-person interrogative negative plural predicative present)
azsınız (plural predicative present second-person)
az mısınız? (interrogative plural predicative present second-person)
az değilsiniz (interrogative negative plural predicative present second-person)
az değil misiniz? (interrogative negative plural predicative present second-person)
az (plural predicative present third-person)
azlar (plural predicative present third-person)
az mı? (interrogative plural predicative present third-person)
azlar mı? (interrogative plural predicative present third-person)
az değil (interrogative negative plural predicative present third-person)
az değiller (interrogative negative plural predicative present third-person)
az değiller mi? (interrogative negative plural predicative present third-person)
azdım (first-person past predicative singular)
az mıydım? (first-person interrogative past predicative singular)
az değildim (first-person interrogative negative past predicative singular)
az değil miydim? (first-person interrogative negative past predicative singular)
azdın (past predicative second-person singular)
az mıydın? (interrogative past predicative second-person singular)
az değildin (interrogative negative past predicative second-person singular)
az değil miydin? (interrogative negative past predicative second-person singular)
azdı (past predicative singular third-person)
az mıydı? (interrogative past predicative singular third-person)
az değildi (interrogative negative past predicative singular third-person)
az değil miydi? (interrogative negative past predicative singular third-person)
azdık (first-person past plural predicative)
az mıydık? (first-person interrogative past plural predicative)
az değildik (first-person interrogative negative past plural predicative)
az değil miydik? (first-person interrogative negative past plural predicative)
azdınız (past plural predicative second-person)
az mıydınız? (interrogative past plural predicative second-person)
az değildiniz (interrogative negative past plural predicative second-person)
az değil miydiniz? (interrogative negative past plural predicative second-person)
azdılar (past plural predicative third-person)
az mıydılar? (interrogative past plural predicative third-person)
az değildi (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
az değildiler (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
değillerdi (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
az değil miydiler? (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
azmışım (first-person past predicative singular)
az mıymışım? (first-person interrogative past predicative singular)
az değilmişim (first-person interrogative negative past predicative singular)
az değil miymişim? (first-person interrogative negative past predicative singular)
azmışsın (past predicative second-person singular)
az mıymışsın? (interrogative past predicative second-person singular)
az değilmişsin (interrogative negative past predicative second-person singular)
az değil miymişsin? (interrogative negative past predicative second-person singular)
azmış (past predicative singular third-person)
az mıymış? (interrogative past predicative singular third-person)
az değilmiş (interrogative negative past predicative singular third-person)
az değil miymiş? (interrogative negative past predicative singular third-person)
azmışız (first-person past plural predicative)
az mıymışız? (first-person interrogative past plural predicative)
az değilmişiz (first-person interrogative negative past plural predicative)
az değil miymişiz? (first-person interrogative negative past plural predicative)
azmışsınız (past plural predicative second-person)
az mıymışsınız? (interrogative past plural predicative second-person)
az değilmişsiniz (interrogative negative past plural predicative second-person)
az değil miymişsiniz? (interrogative negative past plural predicative second-person)
azmışlar (past plural predicative third-person)
az mıymışlar? (interrogative past plural predicative third-person)
az değilmiş (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
az değilmişler (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
değillermiş (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
az değil miymişler? (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
azsam (conditional first-person predicative singular)
az mıysam? (conditional first-person interrogative predicative singular)
az değilsem (conditional first-person interrogative negative predicative singular)
az değil miysem? (conditional first-person interrogative negative predicative singular)
azsan (conditional predicative second-person singular)
az mıysan? (conditional interrogative predicative second-person singular)
az değilsen (conditional interrogative negative predicative second-person singular)
az değil miysen? (conditional interrogative negative predicative second-person singular)
azsa (conditional predicative singular third-person)
az mıysa? (conditional interrogative predicative singular third-person)
az değilse (conditional interrogative negative predicative singular third-person)
az değil miyse? (conditional interrogative negative predicative singular third-person)
azsak (conditional first-person plural predicative)
az mıysak? (conditional first-person interrogative plural predicative)
az değilsek (conditional first-person interrogative negative plural predicative)
az değil miysek? (conditional first-person interrogative negative plural predicative)
azsanız (conditional plural predicative second-person)
az mıysanız? (conditional interrogative plural predicative second-person)
az değilseniz (conditional interrogative negative plural predicative second-person)
az değil miyseniz? (conditional interrogative negative plural predicative second-person)
azsalar (conditional plural predicative third-person)
az mıysalar? (conditional interrogative plural predicative third-person)
az değilseler (conditional interrogative negative plural predicative third-person)
değillerse (conditional interrogative negative plural predicative third-person)
az değil miyseler? (conditional interrogative negative plural predicative third-person)

From Ottoman Turkish آز (az, “little”), from Proto-Turkic *āŕ (“few, a little”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰀𐰕 (az /āz/, “few, little, a bit, a little”), Karakhanid اازْ (āz, “few, scanty”).


moi

From Middle High German mīn, form Old High German mīn, from Proto-West Germanic *mīn, from Proto-Germanic *mīnaz (“my, mine”). Cognate with German mein, English mine.

Moi pruadar Sèpp hatt 9 djar.


dot

dōt (canonical)
dōt (nominative singular)
dōt (nominative plural)
dōn (accusative singular)
dōid (accusative plural)
dōn (genitive singular)
dōid (genitive plural)
dōsa (illative singular)
dōidda (illative plural)
dōs (locative singular)
dōin (locative plural)
dōinna (comitative singular)
dōiguin (comitative plural)
dōnin (essive)

yonder, that way over there (very far from speaker and listener)


how much

How much (cheese) is left in the fridge?

How much of a problem will that cause the government?

(interrogative) What amount or quantity (of something stated or implied).

How much do you want for it?

How much is it?

(specifically, when referring to the cost of an item) What amount of money.


yo

Yo sandwich has only bacon in it. Want some ketchup on that?

Pronunciation spelling
pronunciation spelling

(colloquial) Pronunciation spelling of your.


le

head

le (demonstrative, Perso-Arabic spelling لےۡ)

that, this (agr: dist fem / dist non-nom masc)


tot

tot m sg (feminine tota or toda, masculine plural totz, feminine plural totas or todas)

tota (feminine)
toda (feminine)
totz (masculine plural)
totas (feminine plural)
todas (feminine plural)


tot

frp-det

tot (feminine tota, masculine plural tôs, feminine plural totes)

tota (feminine)
tôs (masculine plural)
totes (feminine plural)


tot

From Proto-Indo-European *toti, adverb from *só. Cognate with Sanskrit तति (táti), Ancient Greek τόσος (tósos).

Quid faciant paucī contrā tot mīlia fortēs?

What can a few brave men do against so many thousands [of soldiers]?
(Ovid here recounts the Battle of the Cremera.)

† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated° Rare‡only used as a conjunction


tot

ro-det

tot m or n (feminine singular toată, masculine plural toți, feminine and neuter plural toate)

toată (feminine singular)
toți (masculine plural)
toate (feminine neuter plural)
tot (accusative masculine neuter nominative singular)
toată (accusative feminine nominative singular)
toți (accusative masculine nominative plural)
toate (accusative feminine neuter nominative plural)
tuturor (dative genitive masculine plural)
tuturor (dative feminine genitive neuter plural)

Inherited from Latin tōtus. Compare Aromanian tut, Catalan tot, French tout, Italian tutto, Portuguese todo, Spanish todo. First attested in the Hurmuzaki Psalter, dated to circa 1500–1510.

etydate/the

Hurmuzaki Psalter, dated to circa 1500–1510

the Hurmuzaki Psalter, dated to circa 1500–1510

etydate

ши мергѫндь а҆фа́рѫ де́ла Фа́раѡ҆́нь ꙟмблѫ то́ть пъмѫнтоуⷧ Є҆ги́петꙋлꙋи .

1581–1582, Palia de la Orăștie (manuscript); edited in Viorica Pamfil, editor, Palia de la Orăștie. 1581–1582. Text—Facsimile—Indice^(https://bibl-dlr.lingv.ro/BAZA%20DE%20DATE%20DLR/CARTI/Palia%20Orastie%20%E2%80%93%20T.%20(1581-1582)/), Bucharest: Academy of the Socialist Republic of Romania, 1968, page 144:

And Joseph went out from the presence of Pharaoh, and went throughout all the land of Egypt. (Genesis 41:46)

Și mergând afară de la Faraon îmblă tot pământul Eghipetului.

Îĭ аскᲈnсе тот плаnᲈл съᲈ̆[…]

1840, Ion Heliade Rădulescu, transl., Don Quichotte^(https://web.archive.org/web/20230819042358/https://bibl-dlr.lingv.ro/BAZA%20DE%20DATE%20DLR/CARTI/HELIADE-RADULESCU/HELIADE,%20D.%20Chishot,%20I-II%20(1840)/), volume 2, Bucharest, translation of Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes, archived from the original on 2023-08-19, page 329:

În sfârșit, s-a hotărât a se duce în toată lumea, să-și caute bărbatul.

In the end, she decided to go out in the entire world to search for her man.

Am aflat curând toată povestea[…]

1928, Panait Istrati, Ciulinii Bărăganului:

Uranus se află tot anul în constelația Fecioara.

1972, Anuarul Observatorului din București [Yearly of the Bucharest Observatory], Bucharest: Academy of the Socialist Republic of Romania, page 92:

După o săptămână am înțeles și noi că toată treaba cu-ntrerupătorul era o păcăleală și-o capcană.

2016, Carmen Pațac, transl., Jurnalul lui Adam și al Evei (ebook), Litera, translation of The Diaries of Adam and Eve by Mark Twain, →ISBN:

After a week we finally understood that the whole thing about the switch was a sham and a trap.

ипаⷦ҇ сьщїи кьбагь денᲅоᲅѐ·ѡ҆́рашеле·кьᲅе·м҇·деѡмиⷩ҇·сьѧ
фїе ꙟнажꙋᲅоⷬ·ꙟкорабїи
I pak să știi că bagă den tote orașele câte 50 de oamini să

Then, know that they are enlisting fifty people each from all towns to help on the ships.

Тевоⷬ҇ ꙟⷩ҇ кꙋн꙽ џꙋра́те^([sic]) нъроа́де деглоа́те,
 Ка́риле цай^([sic]) цѫнꙋ́тꙋц꙽ порꙋ́нчиле тоа́те.

1673, Dosoftei, Psaltirea în versuri [Metrical psalter], Iași, folio 9ʳ (ѳ҃):

Congregations of people shall surround you,
 Which have kept all your commandments. (Psalm 7:7)

Te vor încungiura-te năroade de gloate,
 Carile ț-au țânutu-ți poruncile toate.

а҆ши́ждерѣ мъ рѡ́гь шѝ тꙋтꙋрѡ́рь Крещи́нилѡрь кꙋ́й че́вою фѝ греши́ть ᲃъмъ ꙗ҆́рте:

1714, Antim the Iberian, Capete de poruncă la toată ceata besericească, archived from the original on 2023-08-01, folio 11ᵛ:

Likewise I ask all Christians to forgive me whatever I might have wronged them with.

Așijderea mă rog și tuturor Creștinilor cui ce voiu fi greșit să mă iarte.

Ла лꙋкрарѣ де сѣръ съ пот рекомендꙋі маі̆ кꙋ самъ лампеле, пентрꙋ къ еле ꙟмпръщіе ꙟн тоате пърціле о деопотрівъ лꙋмінъ.

1838, Ioan Albineț, Macroviotica, Iași, translation of original by Joseph Friedrich Sobernheim, page 198:

For evening work, lamps are especially recommended, as they spread an equal light in all directions.

La lucrarea de seară să pot recomendui mai cu samă lampele, pentru că ele împrăștie în toate părțile o deopotriva lumină.

Manifestul era adresat tuturor popoarelor din monarhie, numai nouă, românilor, nu.

1946, Lucian Blaga, Hronicul și cântecul vârstelor [Chronicle and song of the ages], 4th edition, Bucharest: Minerva, published 1990, →ISBN, page 174:

The manifesto was addressed to all of the peoples of the Monarchy, except for us, the Romanians.

Sînt chemați toți specialiștii, toți pricepuții.

1985 February, Aneta Dumitriu, Femeia, year 38, number 2, page 7:

All the specialists, all the skilled are called in.

în tot locul

tot felul

ᲅоаᲅъдыханїаселаоудедѡ́мнꙋлъ:⁓

c. 1500–1510, Hurmuzaki Psalter, folio 125ʳ, lines 23–24; edited in Ion Gheție, Mirela Teodorescu, editors, Psaltirea Hurmuzaki, volume I, Bucharest: Romanian Academy Press, 2005:

Let every thing that hath breath praise the Lord. (Psalm 150:6)

Ръспꙋ́нсе Іᲃ҃ ло́р, а҆девъ́р а҆́девъ́р гръе́скꙋ во́аѡ, къ̀ то́т̾ чи́не фа́че пъка́ть ро́бь ꙗ҆́сте пъка́тꙋлꙋи.

1648, New Testament of Bălgrad, Alba Iulia, folio 117ʳ (рꙁ҃ї), lines 8–9:

Jesus answered them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Whosoever committeth sin is the servant of sin. (John 8:34)

Răspunse Is[us] lor, adevăr adevăr grăesc voao, că tot cine face păcat rob iaste păcatului.

În ajunul Epifanieĭ, în tot anul, venéŭ aicĭ mulţime de chreştinĭ.

1856, Dimitrie Bolintineanu, Călĕtoriĭ la Ierusalim în serbătorile Pascelui şi în Egiptŭ [Journeys to Jerusalem during Easter and to Egypt], 2nd edition, Bucharest, published 1867, page 96:

On the day before Epiphany, each year, a multitude of Christians would come here.

Prescris era în legea veche, că toată femeia la patruzeci de zile după naștere să se ducă cu copilul la sfânta biserică și să ducă și jertfă.

1940 February 4, Victor Popovici, “Întâmpinarea Domnului [Welcoming the Lord]”, in Foaia Diecezană [Newsletter of the Diocese], year 55, number 5, Caransebeș, page 3:

In the old law it was prescribed that every woman go to the holy church forty days after giving birth, and to bring a sacrifice as well.

Începând chiar cu porumbul, la care tot țăranul trăgea nădejde că o să hrănească o vită, e la zero.

2012 July 27, Diana Răileanu, quoting a Moldovan peasant, “Țări mai mici, mai puțin dezvoltate ca noi au irigare…”, in Radio Free Europe Moldova:

The maize, to begin with, with which every peasant would hope to feed a cow—it’s nil.

(with singular countable nouns or relative pronouns; archaic, regional or colloquial) every

― Cum se es din peatră
Că sunt gólă tótă
Şi mĕ tem de sóre…

1866, Vasile Alecsandri (gatherer), “Erculean”, in Poesii populare ale românilor, Bucharest, page 15:

“How can I get out from the stone
When I’m all naked
And fear the sun…”

Da-i udă toată și ni strică hainele!

1916, Henric Sanielevici, Icoane fugare: documente omenești [Ephemeral icons: human documents], Bucharest: Socec, page 11:

But it’s all wet and it spoils our clothes!

Willie se arătă pe puntea de comandă, încă tot umflat de la înțepăturile de țînțari.

1980, Alfred Neagu, transl., Insulele lui Thomas Hudson, Univers, translation of Islands in the Stream by Ernest Hemingway, page 459:

Willie showed up on the control deck, still swollen all over from the mosquito stings.

Adrian era tot murdar, cu o vînătaie urîtă sub ochi.

1990, Miodrag Milin, Timișoara, 15–21 decembrie ’89, Timișoara, page 108:

Adrian was all dirty, with an ugly bruise under an eye.

(mostly used of bodies; preposited or postposited) all over


those

From Middle English thos (“those”), alteration of tho pl (“the; those”), equivalent to tho (“the; those”) + -s (plural ending), partly by analogy with thes (“these”), whose final -s is original and not a plural ending. More at tho.

Those bolts go with these parts.

Forasmuch as many have taken in hand to set forth in order a declaration of those things which are most surely believed among us.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Luke 1:1:

When you're well enough off so's you don't have to fret about anything but your heft or your diseases you begin to get queer, I suppose. And the queerer the cure for those ailings the bigger the attraction. A place like the Right Livers' Rest was bound to draw freaks, same as molasses draws flies.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter V, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

From the ground, Colombo’s port does not look like much. Those entering it are greeted by wire fences, walls dating back to colonial times and security posts.

2013 June 8, “The new masters and commanders”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, page 52:


nämä

tämä (nominative singular)
nämä (nominative plural)
täällä (singular superessive)
tämän (genitive singular)
näiden (genitive plural)
näitten (genitive plural)
täältä (delative singular)
tätä (partitive singular)
näitä (partitive plural)
tänne (singular sublative)
tämä (accusative singular)
tämän (accusative singular)
nämä (accusative plural)
tässä (inessive singular)
näissä (inessive plural)
tällöin (singular temporal)
tästä (elative singular)
näistä (elative plural)
täten (causative singular)
tähän (illative singular)
näihin (illative plural)
tällä (adessive singular)
näillä (adessive plural)
tältä (ablative singular)
näiltä (ablative plural)
tälle (allative singular)
näille (allative plural)
tänä (essive singular)
näinä (essive plural)
täksi (singular translative)
näiksi (plural translative)
tättä (abessive singular)
näittä (abessive plural)
näin (instructive plural)
näine (comitative plural)

Kven: nämät

From Proto-Finnic *nämä, from Proto-Uralic *nä; compare tämä.

*) See the usage notes under tuo for the difference between se and tuo


nämä

From Proto-Finnic *nämä. Cognates include Finnish nämä and Estonian nemad.


nämä

Finnish: nämä

Karelian:

North Karelian: nämä

South Karelian: nämä

Livvi: nämä

Ludian: nämä

Votic: nämä

Estonian: nemad

Finnish: (dialectal) nämät

Ingrian: nämät

Livvi: nämäd

Livonian: nämād

Ludian: nämäd

Võro: nimäq, niäq

Votic: nämäd

From Proto-Uralic *nä + *-mä (the suffix is only present in otherwise monosyllabic forms).


joka

From Proto-Finnic *joka, from Proto-Finno-Permic *jo. The nominative and genitive singular forms, which would have otherwise been monosyllabic, have been extended with -ka (as with kuka and mikä). Related to Karelian joka, Votic jõka, Northern Sami juohkẹ, juogọ, Erzya ю- (ju-) in юза-тоза (juza-toza, “back and forth”), Eastern Mari южо (južo, “some”) and Western Mari юж (juž, “some”).

Hän käy lenkillä joka päivä.

joka kerta

joka puolella/puolelta/puolelle, joka paikassa/paikasta/paikkaan

joka tapauksessa

joka toinen vuosi


joka

From Proto-Finnic *joka. Cognates include Finnish joka and Karelian joka.

joka päivä

Joka paikaas flakut, väki.

1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 49:

Everywhere there's flags, there's people

No joka predmetan kupahain päivän pittuueel muuttuu.

1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 7:

But the shadow of every object changes in length during the day.


joka

Finnish: joka

Ingrian: joka

Karelian:

North Karelian: joka

South Karelian: joga

Livvi: joga

Veps: joga

Votic: jõka

>? Estonian: iga, ega

>? Ingrian: ikä

→ Votic: ikä

>? Livonian: jegā, jõgā

>? Võro: igä, ôga

Votic:

>? Kukkuzi: ikä

From Proto-Finno-Permic *jo + *-ka, although the bare root surfaces in derived forms and potentially certain inflected forms of the pronoun. Cognate with Northern Sami juohke, Erzya ю- (ju-) in юза-тоза (juza-toza, “back and forth”), Eastern Mari южо (južo, “some”) and Western Mari юж (juž, “some”). Not related to *jo (“already”).


loro

From Latin illōrum, genitive plural of ille, illud (“that”).

i loro figli

le loro macchine

casa loro

loro padre

i Loro figli

le Loro macchine

casa Loro

il Loro padre

(possessive, often capitalised/capitalized) your (polite plural form)


nuo

tuo (nominative singular)
nuo (nominative plural)
tuolla (singular superessive)
tuon (genitive singular)
noiden (genitive plural)
noitten (genitive plural)
tuolta (delative singular)
tuota (partitive singular)
noita (partitive plural)
tuonne (singular sublative)
tuo (accusative singular)
tuon (accusative singular)
nuo (accusative plural)
tuossa (inessive singular)
noissa (inessive plural)
tuolloin (singular temporal)
tuosta (elative singular)
noista (elative plural)
tuohon (illative singular)
noihin (illative plural)
tuolla (adessive singular)
noilla (adessive plural)
tuolta (ablative singular)
noilta (ablative plural)
tuolle (allative singular)
noille (allative plural)
tuona (essive singular)
noina (essive plural)
tuoksi (singular translative)
noiksi (plural translative)
tuotta (abessive singular)
noitta (abessive plural)
noin (instructive plural)
noine (comitative plural)

Kven: nuot

From Proto-Finnic *noo, from Proto-Uralic *no. Related to Karelian nuo, Estonian noo (southern dialect), Erzya нонат (nonat), Eastern Mari нуно (nuno) and Northern Sami nuvt (“about”); possible cognates in Samoyedic but relations are indistinguishable from relations to other n-pronouns.

nominative plural of tuo: those (pointed at by the speaker)


nuo

From Proto-Finnic *noo. Cognates include Finnish nuo and Ingrian noot.


mikä

mikä (nominative singular)
mitkä (nominative plural)
minkä (genitive singular)
minkä (genitive plural)
mitä (partitive singular)
mitä (partitive plural)
minne (singular sublative)
mikä (accusative singular)
minkä (accusative singular)
mitkä (accusative plural)
missä (inessive singular)
missä (inessive plural)
milloin (singular temporal)
mistä (elative singular)
mistä (elative plural)
miten (causative singular)
mihin (illative singular)
mihin (illative plural)
millä (adessive singular)
millä (adessive plural)
miltä (ablative singular)
miltä (ablative plural)
mille (allative singular)
mille (allative plural)
minä (essive singular)
minä (essive plural)
miksi (singular translative)
miksi (plural translative)

From Proto-Finnic *mi, from Proto-Uralic *mi. The nominative and genitive singular forms, which would have otherwise been monosyllabic, have been extended with -kä (as with joka and kuka), possibly even in Proto-Finnic (*mikä), as reflected in Ingrian mikä and Voro mikä. Other cognates include Estonian mis, Veps mi, Erzya мезе (meźe), мее (meje), Komi-Zyrian мый (myj), Hungarian mi.


mikä

mikä (nominative singular)
migäd (nominative plural)
migä (genitive singular)
migä (accusative singular)
mitä (partitive singular)
migäse (illative singular)
migäz (inessive singular)
migässe (elative singular)
migäle (allative singular)
migälle (allative singular)
migälle (adessive singular)
migälte (ablative singular)
migässi (singular translative)

From Proto-Finnic *mikä, from Proto-Uralic *mi.

Synonym of milläin (“what kind of, which”)


ogni

From Old Italian onne~onni (with /ˈɔ-/ per the Latin etymon), from Latin omnis, from Proto-Italic *opnis, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ep- (“to work, toil”).
The development of palatalized /-ɲ-/ and closed /ˈo-/, already attested in the thirteenth century (ógne, later ógni), are due to the word being frequently unstressed. Variants with /ˈɔ-/ still survive in much of Tuscany and Central Italy.


beaucoup

Borrowed from French beaucoup. Popularized by the American GIs during the Vietnam War.

You know that cost beaucoup bucks!

“I bet the skipper’s been drinkin^([sic]) beaucoup highballs an^([sic]) thinks Brooklyn’s Hoboken.”

1925, John Dos Passos, Manhattan Transfer, New York, N.Y., London: Harper & Brothers, →OCLC, 3rd section, page 282:

Donlon says, "Well, we're rich and we got beaucoup beer and beaucoup chow. Now all we need is the Bob Hope show."

1979, Gustav Hasford, The Short-Timers, New York: Bantam Books, published 1980, →ISBN, page 93:

Then he'd have to be relieved of command. Which you could do, Doctor, but it's beaucoup trouble if you're wrong.

1987 November 2, Michael Halperin, w:Dorothy Catherine Fontana, “Lonely Among Us”, in Star Trek: The Next Generation, season 1, episode 7, spoken by Geordi La Forge (LeVar Burton), production code 108:


tuo

Kven: tuo

From Proto-Finnic *too, from Proto-Uralic *to. Cognates include Erzya тона (tona), Hungarian tova.

Näetkö tuon talon?

Mistä tuo valo tulee?

Voi tuota raukkaa.

Ravintola on kadun tuolla puolen.

The restaurant is on that side of the street.

Saimaa, tuo Suomen järvistä suurin

Saimaa, [that (lake which is)] the largest of all the lakes in Finland

that (pointed at by the speaker; compare se, see usage notes)


tuo

it-det

tuo (feminine tua, masculine plural tuoi, feminine plural tue)

tua (feminine)
tuoi (masculine plural)
tue (feminine plural)

From Latin tuus, from Proto-Italic *towos.
In the singular, Latin tuum underwent *ʊu > *ou > *ɔu dissimilation, cf. Sardinian tou, and also Latin ōvum > Italian òvo, Spanish huevo, ultimately producing [ˈtwɔu], and a plural [ˈtwɔi]. Italian then underwent its regular *wɔV > *uV sound change, cf. *bwɔe > bue, *mjɛu > mio, producing ultimately [ˈtu.o]. This latter sound change is blocked by a following [i], which explains the plural form tuoi, cf. *mjɛi > miei.

i tuoi figli

le tue macchine

casa tua

tuo padre


tuo

From Proto-Finnic *too. Cognates include Finnish tuo and Ingrian too.


tuo

From Finnish tuo, from Proto-Finnic *too, from Proto-Uralic *to.


tämä

Kven: tämä

From Proto-Finnic *tämä, from Proto-Uralic *tä. The older monosyllabic root *tä- (*nä- for plural) is only preserved in (most) inflected forms, while the nominative and (singular) genitive forms have been extended with *-ma.

tämä puoli ylöspäin

Aion käydä ulkomailla vielä tänä vuonna.

Tämä poika ei pelkää.

Mitä näillä uusilla omistajilla on oikein mielessään?


tämä

From Proto-Finnic *tämä, from Proto-Uralic *tä. Cognates include Finnish tämä and Estonian tema.

Panniit itseen ettee tämän paikan plaanun ja peenen priboran - „kumpassin“.

1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 5:

They put in front of themselves a plan of this place and a small equipment - „a compass“.


tämä

From Proto-Finnic *tämä. Cognates include Finnish tämä and Estonian tema.


tämä

From Finnish tämä, from Proto-Finnic *tämä, from Proto-Uralic *tä.


tämä

Estonian: tema

Finnish: tämä

Kven: tämä

Ingrian: tämä

Karelian:

North Karelian: tämä

South Karelian: tämä

Livonian: tämā

Livvi: tämä

Ludian: tämä

desc

Veps: tämä (rare, only in some expressions)

Võro: timä

Votic: tämä

From Proto-Uralic *tä + *-mä (the suffix is only present in otherwise monosyllabic forms).


ita

Borrowed from English that, Russian тот (tot), та (ta), то (to), Latin iste. Formed after ica (“this”).

Ita kamizo esas verda.


these

From Middle English þes, from Old English þas, from Proto-West Germanic *þes-, a form of Proto-Germanic *sa (“that”), from Proto-Indo-European *só. Compare with German diese.

He read the letter aloud. Sophia listened with the studied air of one for whom, even in these days, a title possessed some surreptitious allurement.

1921, Ben Travers, chapter 1, in A Cuckoo in the Nest, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 1925, →OCLC:

Seinfeld, The Alternate Side
These pretzels are making me thirsty.

ces

followed by adverb "ci" or "cial" or "vola" after noun


these

these (masculine nominative singular)
thit (neuter nominative singular)
thiusa (feminine nominative singular)
thiese (nominative plural)
thesen (accusative masculine singular)
thit (accusative neuter singular)
thesa (accusative feminine singular)
thesa (accusative plural)
theses (genitive masculine singular)
theses (genitive neuter singular)
therro (feminine genitive singular)
therre (genitive plural)
thesemo (dative masculine singular)
thesemo (dative neuter singular)
therro (dative feminine singular)
thesum (dative plural)
thise (instrumental masculine neuter singular)

desctree

Middle Dutch: dēse
Dutch: deze, dit
Limburgish: deze


these

these (masculine nominative singular)
thit (neuter nominative singular)
thius (feminine nominative singular)
thesa (nominative plural)
thesan (accusative masculine singular)
thit (accusative neuter singular)
thesa (accusative feminine singular)
thesa (accusative plural)
theses (genitive masculine singular)
theses (genitive neuter singular)
thesaro (feminine genitive singular)
thesaro (genitive plural)
thesemu (dative masculine singular)
thesemu (dative neuter singular)
thesaru (dative feminine singular)
thesum (dative plural)
thîs (instrumental masculine neuter singular)

Low German: düsse, disse

an thesum uueroldrīkea uuirkean scoldin: They should work on this world.


such

From Middle English such, swuch, swich, swilch, swulch, from Old English swelċ, from Proto-West Germanic *swalīk, from Proto-Germanic *swalīkaz (“so formed, so like”), equivalent to so + like. Cognate with Scots swilk, sic, sik (“such”), Saterland Frisian suk (“such”), West Frisian suk, sok (“such”), Dutch zulk (“such”), Low German sölk, sulk, sülk, suk (“such”), German solch (“such”), Danish slig (“like that, such”), Swedish slik (“such”), Icelandic slíkur (“such”). More at so, like.

inh

I’ve never seen such clouds in the sky before.  Such is life

I had occasion […] to make a somewhat long business trip to Chicago, and on my return […] I found Farrar awaiting me in the railway station. He smiled his wonted fraction by way of greeting, […], and finally leading me to his buggy, turned and drove out of town. I was completely mystified at such an unusual proceeding.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter II, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

She was a fat, round little woman, richly apparelled in velvet and lace, […]; and the way she laughed, cackling like a hen, the way she talked to the waiters and the maid,[…]—all these unexpected phenomena impelled one to hysterical mirth, and made one class her with such immortally ludicrous types as Ally Sloper, the Widow Twankey, or Miss Moucher.

1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter II, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

An artificial kidney these days still means a refrigerator-sized dialysis machine. Such devices mimic the way real kidneys cleanse blood and eject impurities and surplus water as urine.

2013 June 1, “A better waterworks”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 5 (Technology Quarterly):

(demonstrative) Like this, that, these, those; used to make a comparison with something implied by context.

مِثْل

the above address or at such other address as may be provided

(particularly used in formal documents) Any.

The party was such a bore. "Bottomless" is such a lie.

They burned the old gun that used to stand in the dark corner up in the garret, close to the stuffed fox that always grinned so fiercely. Perhaps the reason why he seemed in such a ghastly rage was that he did not come by his death fairly. Otherwise his pelt would not have been so perfect. And why else was he put away up there out of sight?—and so magnificent a brush as he had too.[…].

1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:

Mr. Cooke at once began a tirade against the residents of Asquith for permitting a sandy and generally disgraceful condition of the roads. So roundly did he vituperate the inn management in particular, and with such a loud flow of words, that I trembled lest he should be heard on the veranda.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

Charles had not been employed above six months at Darracott Place, but he was not such a whopstraw as to make the least noise in the performance of his duties when his lordship was out of humour.

1959, Georgette Heyer, chapter 1, in The Unknown Ajax:

(degree) Used as an intensifier roughly equivalent to very much (of), quite or rather.

Such hypocrisy!

Such bouncy children you have.

Why, I was absolutely spellbound. She sings with such passion!

(exclamative) Used with gradable noun phrases to form exclamations.

In rushed one and tells him such a knight / Is new arrived.

1595, Samuel Daniel, “(please specify the folio number)”, in The First Fowre Bookes of the Ciuile Wars between the Two Houses of Lancaster and Yorke, London: […] P[eter] Short for Simon Waterson, →OCLC:

To-day or to-morrow we will go into such a city, and continue there a year.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, James 4:13:

(obsolete) A certain; representing the object as already particularized in terms which are not mentioned.


such

Than ſpake ẜ Gawayne And ſeyde brothir · ẜ Aggravayne I pray you and charge you meve no ſuch · maters no more a fore me fro wyte you well I woll nat be of youre counceyle //

1470–1483 (date produced), Thom̃s Malleorre [i.e., Thomas Malory], “[Morte Arthur]”, in Le Morte Darthur (British Library Additional Manuscript 59678), [England: s.n.], folio 449, verso, lines 15–18:

Then spoke Sir Gawain, and said, “Brother, Sir Agrivain, I pray you and charge you move not such matters any more before me, for be ye assured I will not be of your counsel.”


t'

before a word starting with a, o, u, fha, fho, or fhu

before a word starting with e, i, fhe, or fhi

(Cois Fharraige) Alternative form of d’ (“your (singular)”)


t'

Alternative form of d’ (“your”) (second-person singular possessive pronoun)


's

Contractions of various words ending in s.

Duncan’s in ’s grave


мы

мы бэнанэ

мы пшъашъэ

мы кӏалэм еӏуэ

мы мэгъэ


nana

Cognates include Minica Huitoto nana and Nüpode Huitoto nana.


영적

[jʌ̹ŋt͡ɕ͈ʌ̹k̚]


molto

it-det

molto (feminine molta, masculine plural molti, feminine plural molte, superlative moltissimo)

molta (feminine)
molti (masculine plural)
molte (feminine plural)
moltissimo (superlative)

From Latin multus, from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥tos (“crumbled, crumpled”, past passive participle). Compare Portuguese muito, Romanian mult, Catalan molt.

inh

Voglio molti amici.

Ho mangiato molta cioccolata ultimamente.

I've been eating a lot of chocolate lately.

a lot of, much, great, (in the plural) many, a lot of, lots of

Fa molto freddo.

Dobbiamo procedere con molta attenzione.


ma

(dialectal, informal) Alternative spelling of my


ma

Alternative spelling of my (“1st person singular possessive determiner”)


ma

From Vulgar Latin *mam, reduced form of Latin meam.


ma

Louisiana Creole: mâ

Ma mère est venue me voir.


ma

French: ma


ma

pala ma ilamo

oma ma


muito

pt-det

muito (feminine muita, masculine plural muitos, feminine plural muitas)

muita (feminine)
muitos (masculine plural)
muitas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese muito, from Latin multus (“much; many”), from the Proto-Indo-European *ml̥tos (“crumbled, crumpled”, past passive participle). Compare Galician moito, Italian molto, Romanian mult, and Spanish mucho.

Tenho muitas coisas para fazer.

Choveu muita água.

Não gosto daqui. Tem muita gente.

I don’t like it here. There are too many people.

too much; too many (an excessive amount of)


joku

joku abbr. jk (nominative singular)
jotkut (nominative plural)
jonkun abbr. jkn (genitive singular)
joidenkuiden (genitive plural)
joittenkuitten (genitive plural)
jotakuta abbr. jkta (partitive singular)
joitakuita (partitive plural)
joku (accusative singular)
jonkun (accusative singular)
jotkut (accusative plural)
joskus (lative singular)
jossakussa abbr. jkssa (inessive singular)
joissakuissa (inessive plural)
jostakusta abbr. jksta (elative singular)
joistakuista (elative plural)
jotenkuten (causative singular)
johonkuhun abbr. jkhun (illative singular)
joihinkuihin (illative plural)
jollakulla abbr. jklla (adessive singular)
joillakuilla (adessive plural)
joltakulta abbr. jklta (ablative singular)
joiltakuilta (ablative plural)
jollekulle abbr. jklle (allative singular)
joillekuille (allative plural)
jonakuna (essive singular)
joinakuina (essive plural)
joksikuksi (singular translative)
joiksikuiksi (plural translative)
jottakutta (abessive singular)
joittakuitta (abessive plural)
joinkuin (instructive plural)
joinekuine (comitative plural)

jo- + ku-. Originally an old compound of two pronominal stems, but is practically never considered a compound by speakers.

Äiti, ovella on joku kaupustelija.

Joku kaupustelija kävi meillä eilen.

(indefinite) one, a, any, some (of people)

Ota joku näistä!

(colloquial, indefinite) one, a, any, some (of things)

Ostin jonkun/joku 5 kiloa mansikoita.

I bought around 5 kilos of strawberries.

(colloquial, indefinite) some, around, approximately


zein

From Proto-Basque *zeren, genitive of *zer. Doublet of zeren.

what (in terms of a very specific item), which


'm

Rwy'n myned yn ôl adref i’m hannwyl famwlad.

I am going back home to my dear homeland.

(literary) my (triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)


hire

English: her

Scots: her

Yola: her

From Old English hire (“her”), from Proto-West Germanic *heʀā, *hiʀā, from Proto-Germanic *hezōz, genitive feminine singular of *hiz (“this”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱe (“here; this”).

Third-person singular feminine genitive determiner: her, of her.

Here begynnyt the wyf of bathe hir tale.

1430, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Wife of Bath's Prologue and Tale.”, in Canterbury Tales:

Used in place of the possessive suffix -es to denote possession by an antecedent noun.


요

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 요 (Yale: yo), derived from 이 (i, “this”) with a yang vowel introduced for sound-symbolic diminutiveness.

ko-etym-native

요 애기 너무 귀엽다!

요 새끼가 뭐라고?


네

First attested in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103, as Late Old Korean 迺 (Yale: *nay).
In the hangul script, first attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 네〯 (Yale: něy).
Beyond Middle Korean, the reconstruction of the ancestral Koreanic root for "four" is difficult. See a list of relevant attestations and forms in Appendix:Historical Koreanic numerals#Four.

학생 네 명

비둘기 네 마리

네 개의 그림이 있습니다. ― Ne gae-ui geurim-i itseumnida. ― There are four pictures.


hir

Getting down to cases now, a child's learning, L, in the sixth grade will be a function of a number, say k, of variables X1 X2, X3, ... Xk representing hir (hir is an abbreviation for his or her and is pronounced here) previous education, motivation, rapport with teachers, peers' atitudes toward education, teachers' ability, and so on.

1971 March 1, Alexander M. Mood, “Partitioning Variance in Multiple Regression Analyses as a Tool For Developing Learning Models”, in American Educational Research Journal, volume 8, number 2, American Educational Research Association, →DOI, page 192:

But once the disorientation had passed, hir forced hirself back to full consciousness--and worked quickly to establish hir position, and Ruskin's.

1988, Jeffrey Carver, From a Changeling Star, New York: Bantam Books, →ISBN, →OL, page 232:

It is here that Scratch has found hirself, bored out of hir mind but unable to sleep.

1996 June, Caitlin Sullivan with Bornstein, Kate, Nearly Roadkill: an Infobahn erotic adventure, New York: Serpent's Tail, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OL, LCC PS3569.U3449 N43 1996, page 13:

The player playing hir character in a MUD (usually) tries to portray a credible, convincing person within the theme of that world, using the tools that MUD provides, hir imagination, and hir social and communicative skills.

2002, Frank Schaap, The Words That Took Us There: Ethnography in a Virtual Reality, Amsterdam: Aksant Academic Publishers, →ISBN, →OL, page 32:

"It's a scientific matter," Ludo announces, explaining hir very out transgender behavior (an ongoing source of embarrassment to hir would-be upwardly mobile parents) as the result of hir other X chromosome's having accidentally fallen into the trash on its way down from heaven.

2011 March 29, Jody Norton, “Transchildren and the Discipline of Children's Literature”, in Kenneth B. Kidd, Michelle Ann Abate, editors, Over the Rainbow: Queer Children's and Young Adult Literature, University of Michigan, →ISBN, LCC PS374.H63 O84 2011, page 305:

Sie may feel that hir actual identity of hir gender is supposed to be both/neither male or female, outside of gender, third gender, beyond gender, absence of gender, mixing gender, changing gender, or all genders.

2011 May 19, Ken Wickham, The Other Genders: Androgyne, Genderqueer, Non-Binary Gender Variant, CreateSpace, →ISBN, page 7:

A lifelong political activist, Leslie Feinberg (who used the pronoun hir) devoted most of hir writing to exploring the complexities of gender.

2023 June 22, Kurt Soller, Liz Brown, Rose Courteau, Kate Guadagnino, Sara Holdren, “The 25 Most Influential Works of Postwar Queer Literature”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(nonstandard) Belonging to hir, their (singular). Gender-neutral third-person singular possessive adjective, coordinate with his and her.


수

Sino-Korean word from 數 (“number”), from the Middle Korean reading 수〯 (Yale: swǔ).

수 킬로미터

수십 명

the hanja entry at 數 for Sino-Korean compounds of 수


ur

(Internet slang, text messaging, colloquial) Abbreviation of your.


ur

From Old Irish for. Cognates include Irish bhur.

Ciamar a tha ur sgòrnan, a sheanair?

Bhruidhinn mi ri ur màthraichean.


성

Sino-Korean word from 聖, from the Middle Korean reading 셔ᇰ〯 (Yale: syěng).

성 베드로


From Proto-West Germanic *nain, from Proto-Germanic *nainaz, equivalent to ne (“not”) + ān (“one”).

nān mann

nān þing

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Assumption of St. John the Apostle"
Iohannes þa gegaderode ðæra gymstana bricas, and beseah to heofonum, þus cweðende, "Drihten Hælend, nis ðe nān ðing earfoðe; þu ge-edstaðelodest ðisne tobrocenan middangeard on þinum geleaffullum, þurh tácen þære halgan rode; ge-edstaðela nu þas deorwurðan gymstanas, ðurh ðinra engla handa, þæt ðas nytenan menn þine mihta oncnāwon, and on þe gelyfon."

John then gathered the fragments of the jewels, and looked to heaven, thus saying, "Lord Jesus, to thee nothing is difficult; thou didst restore this crushed world for thy faithful, through sign of the holy rood; restore now these precious gems, by thy angels' hands, that these ignorant men may acknowledge thy powers, and in thee believe."

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Assumption of St. John the Apostle"
Iohannes þa bead ðreora daga fæsten gemænelice; and he æfter ðam fæstene wearð swa miclum mid Godes gaste afylled, þæt he ealle Godes englas, and ealle gesceafta, mid heahlicum mode oferstáh, and mid ðysum wordum þa godspellican gesetnysse ongan, "In principio erat uerbum, et uerbum erat apud Deum, et Deus erat uerbum, et reliqua:" þæt is on Englisc, "On frymðe wæs word, and þæt word wæs mid Gode, and þæt word wæs God; þis wæs on frymðe mid Gode; ealle ðing sind þurh hine geworhte, and nis nān þing būton him gesceapen."

John then ordered a general fast of three days; and after the fast he was so greatly filled with the spirit of God, that he excelled all God's angels and all creatures with his exalted mind, and began the evangelical memorial with these words, "In principio erat verbum," etc., that is in English, "In the beginning was the word, and the word was with God, and the word was God; this was in the beginning with God; all things are made through him, and without him nothing is created.".

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Assumption of St. John the Apostle"
Nu wæs se bigleofa gemett on Iohannes byrgene, and nān ðing elles; and se mete is weaxende on hire oð ðisne andweardan dæg.

Now this food was found in the grave of John, and nothing else, and the meat is growing in it to this present day.

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Nativity of St. Clement the Martyr"
Wēn is þæt ēower sum cweðe to him sylfum on stillum geðohtum, Hwæt forlēton has ġebroðru, Petrus and Andreas, þe for nēan nān ðing næfdon? ac wē sceolon on þisum ðinge heora gewilnunge swīðor āsmēaġan þonne heora ġestreon.

It is to be expected that one of you in his still thoughts say to himself, What did the brothers, Peter and Andrew, leave, who had almost nothing? but in this case we should rather consider their desire than their possession.

c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
Þæt word willan næfþ nān bebēodendlīċ, for þon þe sē willa sċeal bēon ǣfre frī.

The word 'to want' has no imperative, because the will must always be free.


tine

(chiefly Northern and northern East Midland dialectal) Alternative form of þin (“thy”)


mere

Dutch: meer

Afrikaans: meer

From Old Dutch mēro, from Proto-West Germanic *maiʀō.


jo

Likely a babble word, compare Turkish yok (“no”), and its derivates in other Balkanic languages such as Romanian ioc, Macedonian јок (jok). Comparison with German ja (“yes”) is semantically hard to explain.


jo

his (3rd person singular masculine possessive)


jo

your (second-person singular formal possessive determiner)


ana

From Proto-Polynesian *qa-na. Cognates include Hawaiian āna and Samoan āna.


sen

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


sufficient

From Old French sufisanz, soficient, from Latin sufficiēns, present participle of sufficiō.

We have sufficient supplies to last the winter.

There is not sufficient access to the Internet in many small rural villages.

We don't need any more; we already have sufficient.

Sufficient of us are against this idea that we should stop now.

(as pronoun) A quantity (of something) that is as large as is needed.


jokin

jokin (nominative singular)
jotkin (nominative plural)
jonkin (genitive singular)
joidenkin (genitive plural)
joittenkin (genitive plural)
jotakin (partitive singular)
jotain (partitive singular)
joitakin (partitive plural)
joitain (partitive plural)
jonnekin (singular sublative)
jokin (accusative singular)
jonkin (accusative singular)
jotkin (accusative plural)
joskin (lative singular)
jossakin (inessive singular)
jossain (inessive singular)
joissakin (inessive plural)
joissain (inessive plural)
jostakin (elative singular)
jostain (elative singular)
joistakin (elative plural)
joistain (elative plural)
jotenkin (causative singular)
johonkin (illative singular)
joihinkin (illative plural)
jollakin (adessive singular)
jollain (adessive singular)
joillakin (adessive plural)
joillain (adessive plural)
joltakin (ablative singular)
joltain (ablative singular)
joiltakin (ablative plural)
joiltain (ablative plural)
jollekin (allative singular)
joillekin (allative plural)
jonakin (essive singular)
jonain (essive singular)
joinakin (essive plural)
joinain (essive plural)
joksikin (singular translative)
joiksikin (plural translative)
jottakin (abessive singular)
joittakin (abessive plural)
joinkin (instructive plural)

Pronoun stem jo- (see joka) + enclitic particle -kin.

jollakin tavalla

somehow, someway (or another), in some way (or another), (in) one way or another, by some means


youse

Have youse gentlemen finished talking?


couple

From Middle English couple, from Old French couple, from Latin cōpula. Doublet of copula.

A couple fewer people show up every week.

I'll be there in a couple minutes.

Q. (Mr. Feldman, atty) You say you lived upstairs? A. (Emma Moore) I lived upstairs. Q. Until when? A. About couple months we lived upstairs. Q. Up until couple months ago? A. No, couple months after we moved in there because the down stairs was not finished.

1922, “Lewis J. Bennett et al vs. Sebastien L. Petrino”, in State of New York Supreme Court Appellate Division - Fourth Department:

Couple boys from way downcountry come for a summer in the woods. Isaac Cole talked to em.

2007, Jeffrey Lent, Lost Nation, page 182:

[At a pizza parlor] "Couple slices would be great. […]

2011, Elizabeth Eulberg, Prom and Prejudice:

(colloquial, US, Canada) Two or a few, a small number of.


yer

'Make yer way down to the station,' he said.

1991, Thomas Hayden, The Killing Frost, London: Random Century Group:

‘Las’ time I saw you, you was only a baby,’ said the giant. ‘Yeh look a lot like yer dad, but yeh’ve got yer mum’s eyes.’

1997 June 26, J. K. Rowling [pseudonym; Joanne Rowling], chapter IV, in Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone (Harry Potter; 1), London: Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN:

Old Lady: 'HOLLER AT THAT FELLER IN THE CHEST DOWNSTAIRS. IF Y'NEED CARDS, HE'S YER MAIN MAN, HEH HEH!'

2019 December 10, Yacht Club Games, Shovel Knight: King of Cards, Nintendo 3DS, level/area: House of Joustus:

(UK, Southern US, dialectal) Pronunciation spelling of your.


yer

From Middle English your, from Old English ēower, from Proto-West Germanic *iuwar.

Yer hele.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 45:

wi vengem o' core t'gie oure zense o' ye gradès whilke be ee-dighte wi yer name;

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 6-7:

to pour forth from the strength of our hearts, our sense of the qualities which characterise your name,

ye wake o'hopes ee-blighte, stampe na yer zwae be rare an lightzom.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 2-4:

the consequence of disappointed hopes, confirms your rule to be rare and enlightened.


כ

כפרא ממה


lap

From Middle Mongol ᠯᠠᠪ (lab). Compare Mongolian лав (lav, “clearly, actually, surely, evidently”).

cog

lap həmin dəqiqə

lap vaxtında

very (the same; identical) (especially when used with həmin)


quantum

→ Dutch: kvante (learned)

desctree

→ English: quantum (learned)
→ French: quantum
→ Portuguese: quantum

French: quant

→ German: Quantum (learned)

Italian: quanto

Spanish: cuanto

Portuguese: quanto

[ˈkʷän̪t̪ʊ̃ˑ]

da mihi tantum aquae quantum vini

(when coupled with tantum) as much of […] as


naan

head

naan (feminine neen, neuter neen, plural neen)

neen (feminine)
neen (neuter)
neen (plural)

From Old Frisian nān. Compare English none.


todo

pt-det

todo (feminine toda, masculine plural todos, feminine plural todas)

toda (feminine)
todos (masculine plural)
todas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese todo, from Latin tōtus, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂ (“people; tribe”). Compare Galician and Spanish todo, Catalan tot, French tout, Italian tutto, and Romanian tot.

der

Todas as crianças devem ler livros.

Faço isso todos os dias.

Li todo o livro.


todo

head

todo m (feminine toda, masculine plural todos, feminine plural todas, diminutive todito)

toda (feminine)
todos (masculine plural)
todas (feminine plural)
todito (diminutive)

Inherited from Latin tōtus. Compare Catalan tot, French tout. Related to total, which was borrowed from Latin.

todos los días

Todos somos jóvenes.

todo tipo de

every type/kind/sort of; all kinds/sorts of

Toda persona es un individuo.


quite a few

I've watched quite a few basketball games in my time.

Well, they say money doesn't grow on trees, but what about iron helmets? I appear to have quite a few of those.

2022 May 20, ISP, quoting iSorrowproductions, What Happens When You Randomise EVERYTHING In Minecraft:

An indefinite and somewhat large number; more than a few; a fair number of.


tutto

it-det

tutto (feminine tutta, masculine plural tutti, feminine plural tutte)

tutta (feminine)
tutti (masculine plural)
tutte (feminine plural)

From Vulgar Latin tōttus, alteration of Latin tōtus.


hoc

As a pronoun:

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Old Franco-Provençal: o

Franco-Provençal: ho, o, ou

Oïl:

Old Bourbonnais-Berrichon: o

Old French: o (only in early texts)

Old Poitevin-Saintongeais: au, ou, o

Poitevin-Saintongeais: au, ou, zou

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: hu, hue (Ribagorçan)

Catalan: ho

desc

Old Occitan: o, ou, vo, va, ag, ac, ec, heg

Occitan: o, vo, va, ac, ec, at, a, zo

As an affirmative particle:

Northern Gallo-Romance:

⇒ Old Franco-Provençal: dire que o (“say 'yes'”)

Oïl:

Franc-Comtois: o

Lorrain: o

Old French: ne dire ne o ne non (“say neither 'yes' nor 'no'”)

Poitevin-Saintongeais: vâou, gao

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Old Catalan: hoc, oc, hoch

Catalan: hoc ("indeed", adv.)

Old Occitan: oc

Occitan: òc

For *hod + -ce, from Proto-Italic *hod n sg (“this”) + *ke (“here”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰe (“discourse particle”) + *ḱe (“deictic particle”).

der

nominative/accusative neuter singular of hic (“this”)


hoc

ablative masculine/neuter singular of hic (“this”)

...quō maius crīmen sit id quod ostendātur falsum, hōc maiōrem ab eō iniūriam fierī, quī id cōnfingat.

...the more serious the accusation which is shown to be false, the greater the offense committed by the fabricator.

(with a comparative, correlative of quod) for this reason, because of this


mai

(anime, manga, fandom slang, Internet slang) Alternative form of my (used in the expressions mai waifu and mai husbando)


eh

Liho iang eh pwoud.

his, her, hers, its, third person possessive pronoun


y'all's

Here are y’all’s tickets for the show tonight.

“I ought to kick y’all’s asses,” he said. “Walking out on me the way you done, that’s no way to treat a friend.”

2004, David Sedaris, Dress Your Family in Corduroy and Denim, Little, Brown,, →ISBN, page 80:

(Southern US) Possessive of y’all (standing in for your).


ez

ez (nominative singular)
ezek (nominative plural)
ezt (accusative singular)
ezeket (accusative plural)
ennek (dative singular)
ezeknek (dative plural)
ezzel (instrumental singular)
ezekkel (instrumental plural)
ezért (causal-final singular)
ezekért (causal-final plural)
ezzé (singular translative)
ezekké (plural translative)
eddig (singular terminative)
ezekig (plural terminative)
ekként (essive-formal singular)
ezekként (essive-formal plural)
ebben (inessive singular)
ezekben (inessive plural)
ezen (singular superessive)
ezeken (plural superessive)
ennél (adessive singular)
ezeknél (adessive plural)
ebbe (illative singular)
ezekbe (illative plural)
erre (singular sublative)
ezekre (plural sublative)
ehhez (allative singular)
ezekhez (allative plural)
ebből (elative singular)
ezekből (elative plural)
erről (delative singular)
ezekről (delative plural)
ettől (ablative singular)
ezektől (ablative plural)
ezé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
ezeké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
ezéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
ezekéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)

From Proto-Uralic *e- (“this”). Cognates include Finnish että, Estonian et, Erzya эте (eťe).

Ez a ház nagyon szép.

Ezzel a lemezzel nem tudok mit kezdeni.

(used before a noun phrase with a definite article, gets the case of the noun phrase) this

ez ügyben (equivalent to ebben az ügyben)

ez esetben (equivalent to ebben az esetben)

ez évben (equivalent to ebben az évben)

az ez évi díjak

ez alkalommal

ez idő szerint

ez idő tájt

ez idáig

(archaic, otherwise only in certain fixed phrases beginning with a vowel, as a counterpart of e, followed by no article) this


alla

Har du plockat upp alla leksakerna från golvet?

Have you picked up all the toys from the floor?


mon

head

mon m (feminine ma, masculine plural mos, feminine plural mes)

ma (feminine)
mos (masculine plural)
mes (feminine plural)

Sicilian: mo (South Easy of Sicily, nearby Ragusa)

Inherited from Old Catalan mon, from Vulgar Latin *mum, reduced form of Latin meum, from Proto-Italic *meos. Compare Occitan and French mon.
In unstressed position in Vulgar Latin meum, meam etc. were monosyllabic and regularly became mon, ma etc. in Catalan. When stressed they were disyllabic and became meu, mia > meua etc.


mon

frp-det

mon (feminine ma, masculine plural mos or mes, feminine plural mes)

ma (feminine)
mos (masculine plural)
mes (masculine plural)
mes (feminine plural)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *mum. Doublet of min (possessive pronoun).


mon

Louisiana Creole: mô

Inherited from Middle French mon, from Old French mun, mon, meon, from Vulgar Latin, Late Latin mum, a reduced variant of Latin meum, accusative masculine and neuter singular of meus. Probably influenced by Gaulish mon.

J’ai perdu mon chapeau.

La décision a été prise pendant mon absence.

(possessive) my (used to qualify masculine nouns and vowel-initial words regardless of gender)

Followed by rank, obligatory way of addressing a (male) superior officer within the military. (Folk etymology: military-specific short for "monsieur".)


mon

head

mon m sg (feminine singular ma, masculine plural mos, feminine plural mas)

ma (feminine singular)
mos (masculine plural)
mas (feminine plural)

From Old Occitan mon, from Vulgar Latin mum, a reduced variant of Latin meum.


mon

French: mon

From Vulgar Latin, Late Latin mum, a reduced variant of Latin meum, nominative neuter singular of meus.

meon

very early Old French; Oaths of Strasbourg


qui

From a merger of Portuguese que, quer, and quão.

qui cuza?

what is that? (literally, “which thing?”)

qui laia?

qui-foi?

Qui vegónha!

Qui boniteza!

How beautiful! (literally, “What beauty!”)

what a (preceding nouns) (indicates surprise, delight, or other strong feelings)


wi

possessive determiner
possessive determiner

Alternative spelling of we (“1st person plural possessive determiner”)


wi

From English we. Compare Jamaican Creole wi.


sut

Borrowed from Middle English sute (“clothes, suit; type”). Doublet of siwt.

bor+

Sut brofiad oedd ysgrifennu'r llyfr 'ma?

What kind of experience was it to write this book?

Sut un ydy dy chwaer?

(literally, “What kind of one is your sister?”)


muu

muu (nominative singular)
muut (nominative plural)
muualla (singular superessive)
muun (genitive singular)
muiden (genitive plural)
muitten (genitive plural)
muualta (delative singular)
muuta (partitive singular)
muita (partitive plural)
muualle (singular sublative)
muu (accusative singular)
muun (accusative singular)
muut (accusative plural)
muussa (inessive singular)
muissa (inessive plural)
muulloin (singular temporal)
muilloin (plural temporal)
muusta (elative singular)
muista (elative plural)
muuten (causative singular)
muuhun (illative singular)
muihin (illative plural)
muulla (adessive singular)
muilla (adessive plural)
muulta (ablative singular)
muilta (ablative plural)
muulle (allative singular)
muille (allative plural)
muuna (essive singular)
muina (essive plural)
muuksi (singular translative)
muiksi (plural translative)
muutta (abessive singular)
muitta (abessive plural)
muin (instructive plural)
muine (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *muu, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *mu. Cognate with Estonian muu, Northern Sami nubbi, Northern Mansi мо̄т (mōt), Hungarian más.


muu

muu (nominative singular)
muut (nominative plural)
muun (genitive singular)
muijen (genitive plural)
muuta (partitive singular)
muita (partitive plural)
muuhu (illative singular)
muihe (illative plural)
muus (inessive singular)
muis (inessive plural)
muust (elative singular)
muist (elative plural)
muulle (allative singular)
muille (allative plural)
muul (adessive singular)
muil (adessive plural)
muult (ablative singular)
muilt (ablative plural)
muuks (singular translative)
muiks (plural translative)
muunna (essive singular)
muun (essive singular)
muinna (essive plural)
muin (essive plural)
muunt (exessive singular)
muint (exessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *muu. Cognates include Finnish muu and Estonian muu.


muu

olo-decl

Type 15/<i class="Latn mention" lang="olo">suu</i>, no gradation

muu (nominative singular)
muut (nominative plural)
muun (genitive singular)
muuloin (genitive plural)
muudu (partitive singular)
muuloi (partitive plural)
muuh (illative singular)
muuloih (illative plural)
muus (inessive singular)
muulois (inessive plural)
muuspäi (elative singular)
muuloispäi (elative plural)
muule (allative singular)
muuloile (allative plural)
muul (adessive singular)
muuloil (adessive plural)
muulpäi (ablative singular)
muuloilpäi (ablative plural)
muukse (singular translative)
muuloikse (plural translative)
muunnu (essive singular)
muuloinnu (essive plural)
muuttah (abessive singular)
muuloittah (abessive plural)
muunke (comitative singular)
muuloinke (comitative plural)
muuloiči (instructive plural)
muuči (prolative singular)


muu

From Proto-Finnic *muu, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *mu.


kilkanaście

kilkunastu (nominative plural virile)
kilkanaście (nominative plural)
kilkunastu (genitive plural)
kilkunastu (dative plural)
kilkunastu (accusative plural virile)
kilkanaście (accusative plural)
kilkunastoma (instrumental plural)
kilkunastu (locative plural)
kilkunastu (plural virile vocative)
kilkanaście (plural vocative)

a number between eleven and nineteen; umpteen, something-teen


aliqui

la-det

aliquī or aliquis (feminine aliqua, neuter aliquod); indeclinable portion with a relative/interrogative pronoun

aliquī (canonical)
aliquis (canonical)
indeclinable portion with a relative (canonical)
interrogative pronoun (canonical)
aliqua (feminine)
aliquod (neuter)
aliquī (masculine nominative singular)
aliquis (masculine nominative singular)
aliqua (feminine nominative singular)
aliquod (neuter nominative singular)
aliquī (masculine nominative plural)
aliquae (feminine nominative plural)
aliqua (neuter nominative plural)
alicuius (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
aliquōrum (genitive masculine plural)
aliquārum (feminine genitive plural)
aliquōrum (genitive neuter plural)
alicui (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
aliquīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
aliquibus (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
aliquem (accusative masculine singular)
aliquam (accusative feminine singular)
aliquod (accusative neuter singular)
aliquōs (accusative masculine plural)
aliquās (accusative feminine plural)
aliqua (accusative neuter plural)
aliquō (ablative masculine singular)
aliquā (ablative feminine singular)
aliquō (ablative neuter singular)
aliquīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)
aliquibus (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

(pronoun) someone, something, anyone, anything


various

General American, Mary–marry–merry merger

Borrowed from Middle French varieux, from Latin varius (“manifold, diverse, various, parti-colored, variegated, also changing, changeable, fickle, etc.”).

der

Various books have been taken.

There are various ways to fix the problem.

You have broken various of the rules.

More than one (of an indeterminate set of things).


iste

From Latin iste (“that”). Cognate to Spanish este (“this”).


iste

la-det

iste (feminine ista, neuter istud); demonstrative pronoun (pronominal)

ista (feminine)
istud (neuter)
iste (masculine nominative singular)
ista (feminine nominative singular)
istud (neuter nominative singular)
istī (masculine nominative plural)
istae (feminine nominative plural)
ista (neuter nominative plural)
istī̆us (feminine genitive masculine neuter singular)
istōrum (genitive masculine plural)
istārum (feminine genitive plural)
istōrum (genitive neuter plural)
istī (dative feminine masculine neuter singular)
istīs (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
istum (accusative masculine singular)
istam (accusative feminine singular)
istud (accusative neuter singular)
istōs (accusative masculine plural)
istās (accusative feminine plural)
ista (accusative neuter plural)
istō (ablative masculine singular)
istā (ablative feminine singular)
istō (ablative neuter singular)
istīs (ablative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Balkan Romance:

Romanian: ăst

Italo-Romance:

Italian: esto, 'sto ⇒ stesso

Neapolitan: stu ⇒ stesso

Sicilian: stu

Padanian:

Ligurian: sto

Lombard: sto

Piedmontese: st, ist, sto

Venetian: sto

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: est

desc

Franco-Provençal: sti (Forez), stu (Val Terbi), stú (Naisey) ⇒ stù sì, stù kyì (Naisey)

Old French: ist, es (early; last attested 11th c.)

Gascon: este

Old Occitan: est, esto, sto

Provençal: este, esto

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: esti

Mirandese: este

Mozarabic: שת (št)

Old Galician-Portuguese: [Term?]

Galician: este, iste

Portuguese: este

Spanish: este

Insular Romance

Sardinian: iste, istu

From Proto-Italic *esto, from Proto-Indo-European *só, with only the second part declining.
Cognate with Lepontic 𐌉𐌑𐌏𐌔 (iśos) and Albanian ashtu. See also tum, tam.

… Et suprā caput adstitit: “Hunc ego Dītī

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.702-703

And [Iris] placed herself just above [Dido’s] head: “Having been ordered [to do so], I am bringing this [lock of hair as] a sacred offering to Dis, and I release [your spirit] from that body [which was yours].”
(See: Dis Pater.)

sacrum iussa ferō, tēque istō corpore solvō.”

(determiner) that (near you); those (in the plural)

(pronoun) that one (near you); that (thing); those ones (in the plural); those (things); he, she, it


aliquot

English: aliquot

German: aliquot

French: aliquote

Interlingua: aliquot

Portuguese: alíquota

Spanish: alícuota

[ˈälʲɪkʷɔt̪]


ku

From Proto-Finnic *ku. Cognates include Finnish ku-.


ille

Balkan Romance:

Romanian: ăl, ăla, aia, ăia, alea, ăluia, ăleia, ălora (regional)

Italo-Romance:

Central Italian: illi (M.PL)

Old Neapolitan: illo (Salentino)

Sicilian: iḍḍu

Padanian:

Ligurian: lò (Pigna)

Piedmontese: lò

Gallo-Romance:

Old French: le, la, els (last attested 13th c.)

Old Occitan: lo

Occitan: le (Toulouse)

Ibero-Romance:

Spanish: lo

Insular Romance:

Old Sardinian: illu

From Old Latin olle (“he, that”) (also ollus, olla), from Proto-Italic *olnos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ol-no-s or *h₂l̥-no-s, from *h₂el- (“beyond, other”). Cognate with Latin uls (“beyond”), alius (“other”), and alter (“the other”); Umbrian ulu (“to that place”), Old Church Slavonic лани (lani, “last year”, literally “in that (year)”).
Initial i- from o- has no parallel case and may be owing to contamination from is, iste or due to the palatalizing effect of l exilis.

cog

ille regit dictīs animōs et pectora mulcet

that [man], by having spoken, guides [their] minds and soothes [their] hearts

4th century, St Jerome, Vulgate, Tobit 3:24
in illo tempore exauditae sunt preces amborum in conspectu gloriae summi Dei
at that time the prayers of them both were heard in the sight of the glory of the most high God


meh

Eh hud meh eh on a peh.


ki

Ki lekki


ki

From Proto-Katuic *kii (“that”). Cognate with Eastern Bru ki (“that, then, there”), Semelai ke ("that"), Besisi ke ("that"), and possibly Vietnamese cái (general classifier, focus marker).

ingay ki


dyn

From Old Frisian thīn, from Proto-West Germanic *þīn.

your (second-person singular informal possessive determiner)


neither

Alteration (after either) of nauther, from Middle English nawther, noþer, naðer (whence also Modern nor), from Old English nāwþer, contraction of nāhwæþer, corresponding to no + whether. Compare Latin neuter (“neither”). By surface analysis, not + either.

common sense is neither common nor sensical

neither fish, flesh, nor good red herring

neither fish nor flesh, nor good red herring

Neither definition seems correct.

She was neither learned nor intelligent, but she contrived to dress both herself and her daughter out of a meagre jointure, supplying with her clever fingers what her purse could not buy;[…].

1959, Georgette Heyer, chapter 1, in The Unknown Ajax:

Neither you nor I likes it.

لَا X وَلَا

not either (used with nor): neither X nor Y


alle

inflection of al:
masculine/feminine singular attributive

inflection of al:
definite neuter singular attributive


alle

inflection of all (“all”):
nominative/accusative singular feminine

inflection of all (“all”):
nominative/accusative plural


alle

inflection of al:
feminine nominative/accusative singular

inflection of al:
nominative/accusative plural


numerous

From Middle English numerous from Latin numerōsus (“numerous, abundant; harmonious”), from numerus (“number”). Doublet of numerose. Analyzeable as numero- + -ous.

der

There are numerous definitions of the word 'man'.

There are numerous reasons to refrain.

Numerous experimental tests and other observations have been offered in favor of animal mind reading, and although many scientists are skeptical, others assert that humans are not the only species capable of representing what others do and don’t perceive and know.

2012 March-April, Colin Allen, “Do I See What You See?”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, United States: Sigma Xi, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2012-04-26, page 168:


questo

it-det

questo (feminine questa, masculine plural questi, feminine plural queste)

questa (feminine)
questi (masculine plural)
queste (feminine plural)

From Vulgar Latin *eccum iste, from Latin eccum (deictic) + iste (“that”), the former surviving also as Italian ecco and the latter as esto.

Questo meraviglioso dolce è semplice da preparare.

Traduci questa pagina.

Questi fiori dicono che è primavera!


quello

Contracted from Vulgar Latin *eccum ille, from Latin eccum + ille.


só

Alternative spelling of so': his/her; of his/of hers


mitt

neuter nominative/accusative singular of minn


jul

Alternative form of julle; your (plural)

1. The forms jul and hul are unstressed variants. They are used mostly in possessive function

chiefly when the pronoun is repeated within the same sentence


taa

>? Estonian: (partially?) ta

Finnish: taa (dialectal), ⇒ taannoin

⇒ Ingrian: taano

Karelian:

North Karelian: toa

South Karelian: tua, toa

Livonian: ta

Livvi: tua

Ludian: tua, ⇒ tuai

⇒ Veps: tanoin

Võro: taa

⇒ Votic: taanõ

Possibly from Proto-Uralic *ta, probably a variant of Proto-Uralic *to, or alternatively borrowed from Proto-Baltic *tas (compare Latvian tas, Lithuanian tàs).


'e

Form of de, used before one-syllable prepositions ending in a consonant.


este

ca-det

este (feminine esta, masculine and feminine plural estos)

esta (feminine)
estos (feminine masculine plural)

Ultimately from Latin iste. Cf. Spanish este.


este

head

este m (feminine singular esta, masculine plural estes, feminine plural estas, neuter isto)

esta (feminine singular)
estes (masculine plural)
estas (feminine plural)
isto (neuter)

From Old Galician-Portuguese este, from Latin iste.

Este libro é meu


este

pt-det

este (feminine esta, masculine plural estes, feminine plural estas)

esta (feminine)
estes (masculine plural)
estas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese este (displacing collateral form aqueste), from Latin iste.

this (indicates something or someone nearby)

that (indicates something or someone just mentioned)

this (indicates something or someone about to be mentioned)

A segurança está cem vezes mais rigorosa este verão.

2005, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 127:

The security is a hundred times more severe this summer.

(of a unit of time) this (which is current)


este

head

este m sg (feminine esta, masculine plural estos, feminine plural estas)

esta (feminine)
estos (masculine plural)
estas (feminine plural)


que

From Old Galician-Portuguese que, from Latin quid (“what”) (usurping as well the roles of Latin quod), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷid, compare *kʷis. Cognate with English who.

Que livro é esse?

(interrogative) what (used to ask for a specification)

Que jogador!

what a (preceding nouns) (indicates surprise, delight, or other strong feelings)


tal

From Middle Dutch tal, from Old Dutch *tal, from Proto-West Germanic *tal, from Proto-Germanic *talą.

Je hebt tal van mogelijkheden


tal

From Old Galician-Portuguese tal, from Latin tālis, from Proto-Indo-European *tód (“demonstrative pronoun”). Displaced collateral form atal.


qualche

Ho qualche amico.


quale

Quale uomo era?

Quale macchina preferisci?

Quale fortuna!

Verdura quali le carote ed i piselli.


dado

pt-det

dado (feminine dada, masculine plural dados, feminine plural dadas)

dada (feminine)
dados (masculine plural)
dadas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese dado, from Latin datus. By surface analysis, dar + -ado. Doublet of data.

A família mora em uma dada localidade no vale.

The family lives in a given location in the valley.


ambaŭ

La diferenco en la aĝo de ambaŭ knabinoj povis esti ne pli ol kvar jaroj.

1891, L. L. Zamenhof, La batalo de l'vivo, translation of The Battle of Life by Charles Dickens:

The difference in age of both girls could be no more than four years.

Ili ambaŭ mire rigardis unu la alian.

2012 March, Onklo Adalberto, “Katido kaj la hundo”, in Vesperto, volume 19, number 238:

They both looked in wonder at one another.

Pli bone estas iri seninfana en la ĉielon, ol se ambaŭ, la patro kaj la filo, iras en la inferon.

1908, L. L. Zamenhof, La rabistoj: dramo en kvin aktoj, Paris: Hachette, translation of Die Räuber by Friedrich Schiller, page 10:

It's better to go childless into heaven, than if both, the father and the son, go into hell.

— Ŝnureton aŭ nenion! — ŝirkriis Golumo, nejuste, ĉar li enmetis samtempe du respondojn.
— Ambaŭ malĝustaj! — kriis Bilbo, trankviligita, kaj li tuj stariĝis, metis sin dorse al muro, kaj antaŭmetis sian etan glavon.

2005, Christopher Gledhill, La hobito, aŭ tien kaj reen, 2nd edition, Kaliningrad: Sezonoj, translation of The Hobbit by J.R.R. Tolkien, →OL, Ĉ. 5:

"String, or nothing!" shrieked Gollum, which was not quite fair — working in two guesses at once.
"Both wrong," cried Bilbo very much relieved; and he jumped at once to his feet, put his back to the nearest wall, and held out his little sword.


ek-

kiš kaayi ek-mootil

1921, María de los Angeles Colós, José Guzman, and John Peabody Harrington, Chochenyo Field Notes:

1Disjunctive is mostly used in copular sentences

with a clitic.2Null morpheme. An unmarked verb implies a third person singular pronoun. The disjunctives waaka and wiš may also be used.Note: Proclitic and enclitic forms can combine an undergo syncope


mia

eo-det

mia (accusative singular mian, plural miaj, accusative plural miajn)

mian (accusative singular)
miaj (plural)
miajn (accusative plural)


zer

From Proto-Basque *zer, containing the interrogative prefix *ze-.


altro

it-det

altro (feminine altra, masculine plural altri, feminine plural altre)

altra (feminine)
altri (masculine plural)
altre (feminine plural)

From Latin alterum, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élteros.


multiple

From French multiple, itself from Late Latin multiplus.

My Swiss Army knife has multiple blades.

Not long ago, it was difficult to produce photographs of tiny creatures with every part in focus.[…]A photo processing technique called focus stacking has changed that. Developed as a tool to electronically combine the sharpest bits of multiple digital images, focus stacking is a boon to biologists seeking full focus on a micron scale.

2013 July-August, Catherine Clabby, “Focus on Everything”, in American Scientist:


meu

pt-det

meu (feminine minha, masculine plural meus, feminine plural minhas)

minha (feminine)
meus (masculine plural)
minhas (feminine plural)

Alentejo, Algarve, Azores, Madeira, unstressed

From Old Galician-Portuguese meu, from Latin meus, from Proto-Italic *meos.

o meu computador

First-person singular possessive pronoun.

o meu carro

pt:2sg possessive
pt:that serves my interests

o herói da minha história

ainda não recebi o meu dinheiro

O meu pai veio me visitar.


meu

ro-det

meu m or n (feminine singular mea, masculine plural mei, feminine and neuter plural mele)

mea (feminine singular)
mei (masculine plural)
mele (feminine neuter plural)
meu (accusative indefinite masculine neuter nominative singular)
mea (accusative feminine indefinite nominative singular)
mei (accusative indefinite masculine nominative plural)
mele (accusative feminine indefinite neuter nominative plural)
meu (dative genitive indefinite masculine neuter singular)
mele (dative feminine genitive indefinite singular)
mei (dative genitive indefinite masculine plural)
mele (dative feminine genitive indefinite neuter plural)

Inherited from Latin meus, from Proto-Italic *meos.

(genitive form of eu used as a possessive determiner) my


meu

E canti volthi, o bidda mea natiba,
soggu giuntu a zirchà
da te li cosi mei chi v’aggiu pessu

1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Turrendi a bidda mea [Going back to my town]”, in La poesia di l'althri (overall work in Italian and Sassarese), Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 89:

And how many times, o native town of mine, have I come to you looking for the things that I have lost here

Lu méu nascimèntu l’abìa dinunziaddu sóru in municipiu

2020 March 25, Ignazio Sanna, “Di nomme fozzu Asdrubale [My name is Asdrubale]”, in Ignazio Sanna - Prosa e poesia in sassarese:

She [my mother] declared my birth only at the register office


minder

From Middle Dutch minre, from Old Dutch minniro, from Proto-Germanic *minnizô, comparative of adjective deriving from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“small”).

comparative degree of weinig; less, fewer


rai

rhai (mutation mutation-radical)
rai (mutation mutation-soft)


alt

Inherited from Old Norse allt. Compare to Swedish allt


alt

alt m or n (feminine singular altă, masculine plural alți, feminine and neuter plural alte)

altă (feminine singular)
alți (masculine plural)
alte (feminine neuter plural)
alt (accusative indefinite masculine neuter nominative singular)
altă (accusative feminine indefinite nominative singular)
alți (accusative indefinite masculine nominative plural)
alte (accusative feminine indefinite neuter nominative plural)
altui (dative genitive indefinite masculine neuter singular)
altei (dative feminine genitive indefinite singular)
altor (dative genitive indefinite masculine plural)
altor (dative feminine genitive indefinite neuter plural)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *altru, from Latin alter, alterum, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élteros.


kilka

kilku (nominative plural virile)
kilka (nominative plural)
kilku (genitive plural)
kilku (dative plural)
kilku (accusative plural virile)
kilka (accusative plural)
kilkoma (instrumental plural)
kilku (locative plural)
kilku (plural virile vocative)
kilka (plural vocative)

more than two but less than ten (a quantity from three to nine); several; few [with genitive]


ledit

fr-det

ledit m (feminine ladite, masculine plural lesdits, feminine plural lesdites)

ladite (feminine)
lesdits (masculine plural)
lesdites (feminine plural)

ledit jour

ladite occupation


nul

Inherited from Middle French nul, from Old French nul, from Latin nūllus.


singla

Borrowed from Latin singulus, English every single, Italian singolo.

Singla soldato havas fusilo.


cette

From Middle French ceste, from Old French ceste, from Vulgar Latin *ecce ista, feminine of *ecce iste.
The loss of internal /s/ triggered compensatory lengthening of the preceding vowel. Due to the unstressed position of this pronoun, however, the length was soon lost again, which explains the spelling without a circumflex (though the form cête was occasionally used). Compare notre and le nôtre.


esto

it-det

esto (feminine esta, masculine plural esti, feminine plural este)

esta (feminine)
esti (masculine plural)
este (feminine plural)

Ahi quanto a dir qual era è cosa dura ¶ esta selva selvaggia e aspra e forte ¶ che nel pensier rinova la paura!

1300s–1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto I”, in Inferno [Hell], lines 4–6; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate], 2ⁿᵈ revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:

Ah me! how hard a thing it is to say ¶ What was this forest savage, rough, and stern, ¶ Which in the very thought renews the fear.


tig

From the suffix -tig (“-ty”) used to form multiples of ten, after German zig.

Ik kan wel tig redenen bedenken waarom dit fout is!

I can think of dozens of reasons why this is wrong!


plein

Inherited from French plein (“full”), from
Old French plein, from Latin plēnus, from Proto-Italic *plēnos, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”). Compare English plenty.


leur

Inherited from Middle French leur, from Old French lor, from Latin illōrum, genitive masculine plural of ille.
As a possessive it was originally uninflected (as still is Italian loro), but adopted the plural ending in Middle French. Feminine -e was hindered by the analogy of other possessives, all of which have but one plural form and in the case of notre, votre no gender agreement at all.

Je peux voir leur maison d’ici.


ses

Inherited from Vulgar Latin sās, reduced form of Latin suās.


ses

Alternative form of sos, masculine plural of son


ses

Alicia dîne chez ses parents.

Alicia is having dinner at her parents' house.

Thomas a perdu ses clés.

Tout le monde doit apporter ses documents.

Everyone needs to bring their documents.

his, her, its, their, one's (when referring to a plural noun)


insufficient

From Middle French insufficient, from Latin insufficiens. See also in- + sufficient.

Insufficient time is available to reflect on the problem.

Insufficient of the building remains to determine its age.

(as pronoun) A quantity (of something) that is less than is needed.


certo

pt-det

certo (feminine certa, masculine plural certos, feminine plural certas)

certa (feminine)
certos (masculine plural)
certas (feminine plural)

From Old Galician-Portuguese certo, from Latin certus (“certain”), past participle of cernō (“to sift; to discern”), from Proto-Indo-European *krey- (“to move; to separate”).


mea

Inherited from Latin mea, feminine of meus.