που

χαίρομαι που σε βλέπω ξανά
chaíromai pou se vlépo xaná
I am glad to see you again
(literally, “…that I see you again”)


ače

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: аче (ače)

Old Ruthenian:

Belarusian: ач (ač) (dialectal)

Ukrainian: ач́ (ač́)

Russian: а́че (áče), ач (ač)

Old Novgorodian: аче (ače)

South Slavic:

⇒ Bulgarian: обаче (obače)

Serbo-Croatian: (Old Serbian)

Latin script: ače

Cyrillic script: аче

Slovene: àče (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:

Old Czech: ač

Czech: ač

Kashubian: acz

Old Polish: acz

Polish: acz

Slovak: ač

Sorbian:

Lower Sorbian: ac (obsolete)

Upper Sorbian: hač; ač (dated)


בגלל ש־

head

בִּגְלַל שֶׁ־

בִּגְלַל שֶׁ־ • (biglál she-)

בִּגְלַל שֶׁ־ (canonical)
biglál she- (romanization)


只是

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡siː³⁵ siː²²/

/t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si³³/

/t͡si⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ si³³/

/t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si²²/

/t͡si⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ si²²/

/t͡si⁵²⁻³⁵ si³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡siː³⁵ siː²²/

/t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si³³/

/t͡si⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ si³³/

/t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si²²/

/t͡si⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ si²²/

/t͡si⁵²⁻³⁵ si³⁵/


eš

Biša nu votu na vuk eš na lisica.

2010, Natalina Spadanuda, Le renard et le loup:

Once upon a time there was a wolf and a fox.


alors que

Alors que l’archipel commémore la fin de la guerre, le parti du Premier ministre, Shinzo Abe, vient de donner son feu vert à un projet de réforme extrêmement controversé concernant l’armée, un texte belliqueux, selon l’opposition.

2020 August 15, “Japon: 75 ans après la capitulation, Shinzo Abe veut réformer l'armée”, in rfi.fr, Radio France Internationale:

As the archipelago commemorates the end of the war, the party of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has just given the green light to an extremely controversial reform project concerning the army, a warmongering text according to the opposition.

while, whereas, though; expresses a sense of opposition between simultaneous events


dät

From Old Frisian thet, from Proto-Germanic *þat, neuter of *sa (“the”).

Dut aal is geskäin, dät dät uutkume skuul, wät die Here truch dän Profeet kweden häd:

2000, Marron C. Fort, transl., Dät Näie Tästamänt un do Psoolme in ju aasterlauwerfräiske Uurtoal fon dät Seelterlound, Fräislound, Butjoarlound, Aastfräislound un do Groninger Umelounde [The New Testament and the Psalms in the East Frisian language, native to Saterland, Friesland, Butjadingen, East Frisia and the Ommelanden of Groningen], →ISBN, Dät Evangelium ätter Matthäus 1:22:

This all has happened, so that it would come true, what the Lord through the prophet has said:


à mesure que

LL-Q150 (fra)-Poslovitch-à mesure que.wav


dagegen

[daːˈɡeːɡən]

[ˈdaːɡeːɡŋ̩]

[ˈdaːɡeːɡən]


even as

The enemy is advancing even as we speak.

Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Father which is in heaven is perfect.


və

From Arabic وَ (wa). Cognate with Turkish ve.


若其

/ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/jœːk̚² kʰei̯²¹/

/ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/jœːk̚² kʰei̯²¹/


համ

From Middle Armenian համ (ham), from Persian هم (ham). In some dialects, via Ottoman Turkish هم (hem).

համ սա, համ նա


ise

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ایسه (ise), from Proto-Turkic *er-ser (“if”), equivalent to inflection with -se (“conditional mood marker”). Generally viewed as the conditional mood of the defective verb imek.

inh+

If this affair is as so, there is nothing that can be done.

Bu iş böyle ise yapacak bir şey kalmadı. (= Bu iş böyleyse yapacak bir şey kalmadı.)


然而

/ʐän³⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² li²⁴/

/d͡ziɛn¹³⁻²² d͡zi¹³/

/d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ d͡zɯ⁵⁵/

/d͡zieŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ d͡zɯ⁵⁵/

/ʐän³⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² li²⁴/

/d͡ziɛn¹³⁻²² d͡zi¹³/

/d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ d͡zɯ⁵⁵/

/d͡zieŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ d͡zɯ⁵⁵/


ikään kuin

Hän oli ikään kuin ei olisi huomannut mitään.

He behaved as if he hadn't noticed anything.

Kaikki oli ikään kuin unta.

Petteri puhuu ikään kuin jotain tietäisi.


ged

According to Ó Maolalaigh, from delenition of early modern (originally copular) gidh, giodh before dentals (< eg. giodh do-bheir ‘though he gives’) or from early modern gé do before compound verbs in do- (gé do-ní ‘though he does’) or in the past tense and conditional mood (eg. gé do chumadar ‘although they made’, gé do bheannaigh ‘though he blessed’, ge d’fhosgail ‘though he opened’). MacBain explains it as a contraction of ge + ta. Ultimately from Old Irish cía (“though”) or cid (“though … is”).

Cha toil leis an leabhar, ged a bha e còrdadh ri a bhean gu dearbh.

He doesn't like the book, although his wife really enjoyed it.

Thiginn a steach a rithist ged a chuirteadh a mach mi.

I would come in again though I were put out.


sae

From Middle English so, swo, zuo, swa, swe, from Old English swā, swǣ, swē (“so, as, the same, such, that”), from Proto-Germanic *swa, *swē (“so”), from Proto-Indo-European *swē, *swō (reflexive pronomial stem). Cognate with English so (“so”), West Frisian sa (“so”), Low German so (“so”), Dutch zo (“so”), German so (“so”), Danish så (“so”), Norwegian Nynorsk so, Old Latin suad (“so”), Albanian sa (“how much, so, as”), Ancient Greek ὡς (hōs, “as”).


及至

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/kʰɐp̚² t͡siː³³/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/kʰɐp̚² t͡siː³³/


еслибы

head

е́слибы • (jésliby)

е́слибы (canonical)
jésliby (romanization)

[ˈjes⁽ʲ⁾lʲɪbɨ]

е́сли бы
если бы#Russian

(dated, nonstandard) a nonstandard or dated spelling of е́сли бы (jésli by)


nought-withstanding

nought withstanding
nought withstanding#English

Alternative spelling of nought withstanding


nought withstanding

Alternative spelling of noughtwithstanding


senão

From Old Galician-Portuguese senon. By surface analysis, se (“if”) + não (“not”). Compare French sinon, Spanish sino.


որ

Armenian: որ (or)

Related to ո (o, “who”) and inherited from Proto-Indo-European. For the -ր (-r) compare իր (ir), if related to ի (i).

որ զի

կարծեմ որ գայ

որ թէպէտեւ նոքա վեհք են


ինչ

head

ինչ • (inčʻ)

hy-con

ինչ • (inčʻ)

→ Georgian: ინჩი (inči)

ինչպես ինչպես#Armenian


այլ

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian այլ (ayl). The inherited form is էլ (ēl).

learned borrowing

Ուզում եմ ոչ թե ա՛յս մեկը, այլ ա՛յն մեկը։

ոչ թե «էք», այլ «էգ» ― očʻ tʻe “ēkʻ”, ayl “ēg” ― not “էք”, “էգ”

Հասա ու ի՞նչ տեսա. ոչ մեկդ հանգիստ նստած չէիք, այլ այստեղ-այնտեղ վազվզում էիք։

I arrived and what did I see? None of you were sitting calmly; instead, you were running around everywhere.

Hasa u inčʻ tesa. očʻ mekd hangist nstac čʻēikʻ, ayl aysteġ-aynteġ vazvzum ēikʻ.


այլ

desc

Armenian: այլ (ayl), այլք (aylkʻ), այլոց (aylocʻ), ալ (al), էլ (ēl), էլի (ēli)

այլ թէ

այլ սակայն

but, yet, nevertheless, however, notwithstanding

այլ զի

because; where as; even as : more than, rather: since, that, seeing that


նաև

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian նաեւ (naew).


pour que

Il faut aimer sans arrêt pour que le monde continue de tourner.

It is necessary to love without stopping so that the world continues to turn.


եթե

head

եթե • (etʻe)

hy-con

եթե • (etʻe)

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian եթէ (etʻē)

learned borrowing

Եթե հարցնես, կպատասխանեմ։


որովհետև

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian որովհետև (orovhetew).


որովհետև

desc

→ Armenian: որովհետև (orovhetew) (learned)


أو

ar-con

أَوْ • (ʔaw)

→ Swahili: au

From Proto-Semitic *ʔaw. Cognate with Hebrew אוֹ (’o), Ugaritic 𐎜 (ủ /ʾō/).

كُلِ التَّمْرَ الْهِنْدِيَّ أَوِ ٱشْرَبِ الْبُرْتُقَالَ.

Eat the tamarind! Or drink the orange-juice!

kuli t-tamra l-hindiyya ʔawi šrabi l-burtuqāla.

كُلُّ شَيْءٍ إِمَّا مَوْجُودٌ أَوْ غَيْرُ مَوْجُودٍ.

Every object is either existent or inexistent.

kullu šayʔin ʔimmā mawjūdun ʔaw ḡayru mawjūdin.

لَا أَدْرِي هَلْ صَاحِبُكَ شَقِيٌّ أَوْ سَعِيدٌ.

I do not know whether your friend is happy or downhearted.

lā ʔadrī hal ṣāḥibuka šaqiyyun ʔaw saʕīdun.

(only in declaratives) indicates an exclusive disjunction


أو

إما بتدفع كاش أو بالكرت.

or (mutually exclusive, when used together with إما (ʔimma))


miski

bcl-head

míski or miskí (Basahan spelling ᜋᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜒ)


tant'

(sometimes before a vowel) Apocopic form of tanto


an dèidh do

An dèidh do dh'Alasdair a shuipear ithe, choimhead e air an telebhisean.

After Alexander ate his supper he watched the television.


pendant que

Pendant que Monsieur se la coule douce, je trime comme un porc à essayer de nettoyer la cuisinière.

While you've been taking it easy, I've been slaving away trying to clean the cooker (UK) or stove (US).


taikka

[ˈt̪ɑ̝i̯kːɑ̝]

tai + -ka. In some dialects, tai causes gemination. The original form of tai appears to have been *tahdik, and taikka is then from *tahdikka.


ӕндӕр

head

ӕндӕр • (ændær)

Inherited from Proto-Iranian *Hántarah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hántaras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énteros (“other, second; beyond, further”). Compare Sanskrit अन्तर (ántara), English other (< Proto-Germanic *anþeraz).


настолько

head

насто́лько • (nastólʹko)

насто́лько (canonical)
nastólʹko (romanization)

Ru-настолько.ogg


achos

From Middle Welsh achaws, from Proto-Brythonic *axọs, from Vulgar Latin *accāsiō, from Latin occāsiō.

Fydd e ddim yma heddiw achos fod e’n sâl.

He won’t be here today because he’s sick.

Aethon ni ddim achos nad oedd digon o amser gyda ni.

We didn’t go because we didn’t have enough time.

because (followed by fod or a “that”-clause)


では

Of で (de, conjunctive adverb) and は (wa, topic particle).

では&& C-v &&（次の画面を見る）をタイプして次の画面に進んで下さい。（さあ、やってみましょう。コントロールキーを押しながら&& v &&です）
De wa&& C-v &&(tsugi no gamen o miru) o taipu shite tsugi no gamen ni susunde kudasai.(Sā, yattemimashō. Kontorōrukī o oshinagara&& v &&desu)

Now type C-v (View next screen) to move to the next screen. (go ahead, do it by depressing the control key and v together)

well, so, well then (used at the start of a sentence as an interjection or conjunction, leading in from the previous statement)


aneb

Hobit aneb cesta tam a zase zpátky

or (connecting title and a subtitle; connecting two specifications of the same object)


будто

бу́дто • (búdto)

Поднялся́ шум, бу́дто кто́-то бил молотко́м по желе́зному листу́.

Some noise started, as if someone hammered an iron sheet.

Podnjalsjá šum, búdto któ-to bil molotkóm po želéznomu listú.

Говоря́т, бу́дто он уе́хал за грани́цу.

They say he's gone abroad/overseas, apparently.

allegedly, apparently, that (with some uncertainty)


की

Borrowed from Classical Persian که (kē). Compare Gujarati કે (ke), Hindi कि (ki), Punjabi ਕਿ (ki) / کہ (kh).

मला माहीत नव्हते की तू मराठी बोलू शकतोस.
malā māhīt navhate kī tū marāṭhī bolū śaktos.
I didn't know that you speak Marathi
(literally, “I wasn't aware that you can speak Marathi.”)


quantumvis

[kʷän̪ˈt̪ʊmu̯iːs̠]

From quantusvīs (“as much as you want”).


à condition que

LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-à condition que.wav


kva

From Old Norse hvat, from Proto-Germanic *hwat, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷód, *kʷod. Akin to English what.

ka

Sunnhordlandsk, bracket form between 1938 and 1959

kå

Hallingmål, Sognamål, Setesdal, Gudbrandsdal, Meldal

Han veit kva han vil ha.


by the time

I'll be an old man by the time you finish!

It was ready by the time he arrived.

It had been just finished by the time of his arrival.

But Miss Thorn relieved the situation by laughing aloud,[…]. By the time we reached the house we were thanking our stars she had come. Mrs. Cooke came out from under the port-cochere to welcome her.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

By the time I get to Phoenix she'll be rising. She'll find the note I left hanging on her door.

1965, Jimmy Webb (lyrics and music), “By the Time I Get to Phoenix”:

When (some future event has come to pass).


whenas

Only this I marvelled, and other men have since, whenas I, in a ſubject ſo new to this age, and ſo hazardous to pleaſe, concealed not my name, why this author, defending that part which is ſo creeded by the people, would conceal his.

1645 March 4, J[ohn] M[ilton], Colasterion: A Reply to a Nameles Ansvver against The Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce. Wherein the Trivial Author of that Answer is Discover’d, the Licencer Conferr’d with, and the Opinion which They Traduce Defended, [London]: [Printed by Matthew Simmons?], →OCLC; republished in The Works of John Milton, Historical, Political, and Miscellaneous. Now More Correctly Printed from the Originals, than in Any Former Edition, and may Passages Restored, which have been hitherto Omitted. To which is Prefixed, an Account of His Life and Writings [by Thomas Birch]. In Two Volumes, volume I, London: Printed for A[ndrew] Millar, in the Strand, 1753, →OCLC, page 326:


ანუ

დასჭირდება 60 წუთი, ანუ 1 საათი.

Used to connect words of similar meaning when the next word clarifies, specifies the previous one; that is, i.e.


ანუ

Georgian: ან (an)


bycause

. called animal, bycause it is the first instrument of the soule, which the Latins call animam .”

2009 March 15, William Safire, “Animal Spirits”, in New York Times:


leč

Inherited from Old Czech leč, from Proto-Slavic *lěče. Compare Polish lecz.


leč

Czech: leč

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lěče. Compare Old Polish lecz.

Jáť udeřím, več tna ránu,
 leč buď kámen, leč buď v stěnu.

Repeated, disjunctive conjunction; either... or... let


takže

From tak + že.
West Slavic cognates include Kashubian także, Polish także, Silesian także, and Slovak takže.
East Slavic cognates include Russian та́кже (tákže).


takže

From tak + že.
West Slavic cognates include Kashubian także, Polish także, and Silesian także.
East Slavic cognates include Russian та́кже (tákže).


kadangi

From an unattested *kadān + gi (“particle”), the former related to kadà (“when”).

Kadangi jai patinka filmai, ji perka televizorių.

Because she likes films, she's buying a TV.


باش

ary-con

بَاش • (bāš or baš)

بَاش (canonical)
bāš (romanization)
baš (romanization)

From Arabic بِأَيِّ شَيْء (biʔayyi šayʔ, “with what thing”).

inh

بِأَيِّ شَيْء

دخلت للكوزينة باش نشرب الما

subjunctive mood
subjunctive mood#English

in order to, in order that, so that: followed by the subjunctive mood


yt

Abbreviation of þat (“that”), the letter y takes the place of the old letter thorn (þ), as in ye for þe (“the”).

The King appear'd to be much hurt at this, told me he did not credit what he told him, as he knew yt. you & I had never had any dispute together, & yt. William & you had had some misunderstanding in Germany[…]

1791, George IV, “Carlton House, 24 July 1791”, in A. Aspinall, editor, The Correspondence of George, Prince of Wales, 1770–1812, volumes II: 1789–1794, London: Cassell, published 1964, page 177:


cus

Nonstandard spelling of 'cause (“because”).


entweder

entweder ... oder


yif

Inherited from Middle English yif, from Old English ġif, from Proto-Germanic *jabai.


yif

"Wite thou wele his wille; / Know well what he intends / To wende with him thou say, / And yif he loveth the stille, / "Thou do Tristrem away" / Biseche him he se thertille, / Thi fo is Tristrem ay.

12??, Thomas of Erceldoune, Sir Tristrem

And at the laste, yif that any wight wene a thing to ben other weyes thanne it is, it is nat only unscience, but it is deceivable opinioun ful diverse and fer fro the sothe of science.

13??, Geoffrey Chaucer, Boethius and Troilus


buď

The conjunction comes from the imperative buď, which formed from budu (“I will be”), from Proto-Slavic *bǫdǫ (“I will become, I will be”), which was a future tense of *byti (“to be”).


منذ

ar-con

مُنْذُ • (munḏu)

Maltese: mindu

مَا خَرَجَ مِنَ ٱلْبَيْتِ مُنْذُ نَزَلَ ٱلْمَطَرُ.

He has not stepped out of the house since the rain set in.

mā ḵaraja mina l-bayti munḏu nazala l-maṭaru.

اِسمُهُ عِزُّهُ مُنْذُ كَانَ الجُدُود

1925, “النشيد الوطني اللبناني [The Lebanese National Anthem]”, رشيد نخلة [Rashid Nakhle] (lyrics), وديع صبرا [[[w:Wadih Sabra|Wadih Sabra]]] (music):

Its name has been its glory since the time of [our] ancestors.


whereinbefore

In which, before; in which (speech, book, etc.) occurred earlier.


av di

Dei kunne ikkje vera med av di dei var sjuke.

They could not participate because they were ill.


իսկ

ես խելոք եմ, իսկ դու՝ ոչ

ծնողները հեռացան, իսկ երեխաները մնացին տանը

the parents went away, while the children stayed at home

cnoġnerə heṙacʻan, isk erexanerə mnacʻin tanə

իսկ ինչո՞ւ ոչ


що

From Proto-Slavic *čьto, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷid, *kʷis.

шо

Native pronoun in the west of Ukraine and the western part of central Ukraine

што

Native pronoun in some parts of western Ukraine


forthy

From Middle English forthy, from Old English forþȳ, for þȳ [þe] (“because [that]”), forþon (“because, since”), from for + þȳ, þon (“by that, therefore”), instrumental case of þæt (“that”); Cognate with Yola farthoo (“why”), Old Norse fyrir því (at) (Danish & Norwegian fordi (“because”), Swedish för att). More at for, the, that.


քան

head

քան • (kʻan)

hy-con

քան • (kʻan)

ավելի, քան

ես ավելի խելոք եմ, քան դու


كما

ar-con

كَمَا • (kamā)

→ Salar: kema

→ Swahili: kama

كَ (ka, “like”) + مَا (mā, “that”). Cognate with Ge'ez ክመ (kəmä), Hebrew כמו.

وَإِذَا بَلَغَ ٱلْأَطْفَالُ مِنْكُمُ ٱلْحُلُمَ فَلْيَسْتَأْذِنُوا كَمَا ٱسْتَأْذَنَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ

And when the children among you reach puberty, let them ask permission as those before them have asked.

wa-ʔiḏā balaḡa l-ʔaṭfālu minkumu l-ḥuluma falyastaʔḏinū kamā staʔḏana llaḏīna min qablihim


كن

كنّـ (canonical)
kinn- (romanization)
كنّـ
كنّي (first-person singular)
كنّا (first-person plural)
كنّك (masculine second-person singular)
كنّك (feminine second-person singular)
كنكم (plural second-person)
كنّه (masculine singular third-person)
كنها (feminine singular third-person)
كنهم (plural third-person)

Invariable form: كنه (kinno)


дека

From Proto-Slavic *kъde (“where”), with loss of the yer and simplification of the initial cluster, and extended with the adverbial suffix -ка (-ka). The shift from a locative to a completive function appears to be calqued on Greek που (pou).


כל עוד

כֹּל עוֹד בַּלֵּבָב פְּנִימָה \ נֶפֶשׁ יְהוּדִי הוֹמִיָּה, \ […] \ עוֹד לֹא אָבְדָה תִּקְוָתֵנוּ, […]
kol od balevav pnima / nefesh y'hudi homiya, / […] / od lo avda tikvateinu, […]

1878, Naftali Herz Imber, הַתִּקְוָה (Hatikvah, “The Hope”: the Israeli national anthem)

As long as in the heart, within, / A Jewish soul still yearns, / […] / Our hope is not yet lost, […]


indes

From Middle High German innen des. Compare indessen.

Er zog näher zu seiner Arbeitsstelle, indes die Firma ihn nach drei Monaten entlassen hat.

He moved closer to his place of work, and still the company sacked him three months later.

Ich bekam einen Asthmaanfall, indes ich spazieren ging.

I suffered an asthma attack while on a walk


або

head

або́ • (abó)

From Old Ruthenian або (abo), from Old East Slavic або (abo), from Proto-Slavic *abo.


або

або́ • (abó)


або

Inherited from Old Slovak abo, from Proto-Slavic *abo. Cognate with Carpathian Rusyn або (abo) and Slovak abo.


або

або́ • (abó)


аби

аби́ • (abý)

From Old Ukrainian абы (aby), аби (abi), from Old East Slavic абꙑ (aby).


vì

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 爲 (“because; for”, SV: vị). Doublet of vị.

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">vị</i>

vi-etym-sino

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-vì.wav

because (by or for the cause that; on this account that; for the reason that)


verken

neither (in combination with eller; verken ... eller... / neither ... nor ...)


когато

head

кога́то • (kogáto)

кога́то (canonical)
kogáto (romanization)

ела́, кога́то и́скаш

кога́то си в Рим, пра́ви като́ ри́мляните


като

като́ • (kató)

Те се срещнаха, като бяха в колежа.

Като си идвах, заваля дъжд.

While I was coming home, it started raining.

Тя разля млякото точно като ставаше.

She spilled the milk just as she was getting up.

като пресичате улицата

present participle
present participle#English

while, as, or translated with the present participle

Обади ми се, като се прибереш.

Винаги плача, като чуя тази песен.

I always cry when/whenever I hear that song.

Като бяхме на ваканция, отидохме за риба.

When we were on vacation we went fishing.

Kato bjahme na vakancija, otidohme za riba.

Като си отвори очите, бебето започна да плаче.

Opening her eyes, the baby began to cry.

Kato si otvori očite, bebeto započna da plače.

when, as, whenever, or translated with a participle clause

Като каза това, той си отиде.
Kato kaza tova, toj si otide.
After he said that, he went away./(Аfter) saying that, he went away./Having said that, he went away.

Като пристигнахме, му се обадихме по телефона.

Kato pristignahme, mu se obadihme po telefona.

after, or translated with a participle clause

Като искаш да научиш италиански, трябва да прекараш известно време в Италия.

Since/Because you want to learn Italian, you need to spend some time in Italy.

Kato iskaš da naučiš italianski, trjabva da prekaraš izvestno vreme v Italija.

Като работиш усърдно, ще те оценят.

If you work hard, you will be appreciated.

Като те е страх от паяци, не ходи в градината.

If you're scared of spiders, don't go into the garden.

Kato te e strah ot pajaci, ne hodi v gradinata.

used to state the reason for something, since, because, if

Включете го, като натиснете този бутон.

Vključete go, kato natisnete tozi buton.

Той вървеше, като се подпираше на ръката на сина си.

Toj vǎrveše, kato se podpiraše na rǎkata na sina si.

Можеше да стигне прозореца, само като стоеше на стълба.

He could only reach the window by standing on a ladder.

Možeše da stigne prozoreca, samo kato stoeše na stǎlba.

Тя успя да завърши доклада преди крайния срок, като работи всяка вечер и през съботите и неделите.

She managed to complete the report before the deadline by working every evening and at weekends.

Tja uspja da zavǎrši doklada predi krajnija srok, kato raboti vsjaka večer i prez sǎbotite i nedelite.

used to show how or in what way something is done, by, or translated with a participle clause


cah

Borrowed from Jamaican Creole cah (“because”). Ultimately from English because.

bor+

Man said 1 out of a benners lool bro sack your dealer & pick up off man cah that is brazyyy 🤣🤣


nuair

head

nuair (with direct relative form of verb)

Nuair a thiocfas an bás ní imeoidh sé folamh. (proverb)

Nuair d’fhás an gasúr suas, chuir a mháthair ar scoil é, ⁊ bhíodh sí ag tabhairt airgid dó, gan fhios do’n rígh, le leabhairidhe ⁊ neithe cheannach dó.

1894 March 5, Peadar Mac Fionnlaoigh, “An rí nach robh le fagháil bháis”, in Irisleabhar na Gaedhilge, volume 1:5, Dublin: Gaelic Union, pages 185–88:

When the lad grew up, his mother sent him to school, and she used to give him money unknown to the king, to buy books, &c.


nuair

Tha i as toilichte nuair nach eil e a' seinn.

Nì mi sin nuair a bhios àm agam.

Bha i dorcha nuair a ràinig iad an t-eilean.

It was dark when they reached the island.


kaş

Kaş ki, gəlməyəydim.

Kaş ki, cavabı biləydim.

Kaş ki, deməyəydin bu sözləri.

(somewhat poetic) would; if only (a conjunction indicating a wish, often for counterfactual events)


ase-conj

Upload png, jpg, or gif image. (ASL gloss: PUSH-ASIDE)

(in recounting) Used to indicate the abandonment of a topic and the start of another.


OpenB@Sfhead Y@FromSfhead

(ASL gloss) ME WAIT FOR PULL-ONE-CLOSE[you→me] WHY ME DROOL HORNY YOU MAKE-LOVE-TO-EACH-OTHER __ME-FORMAL__hn

“I've been waiting to pull you close to me because I've been dying for us to make love.”


või

→ Latvian: vai

From Proto-Finnic *vai. According to Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat suggested cognates include vahe (“difference”) and vaja (“necessary”).

Kas need on küüned või kunstküüned?

Kas ma pean tulema või?

(somewhat colloquial) interrogative particle (placed at the end of the sentence)


लेकिन

Borrowed from Classical Persian لیکِن (lēkin), from Arabic لٰكِنْ (lākin).


لیکن

Dari: لیکِن (lēkin)

desc

Iranian Persian: لیکِن (liken) (uncommon)

Tajik: лекин (lekin)

→ Azerbaijani: lakin

→ Bengali: লেকিন (lekin)

→ Chagatai:

Uyghur: لېكىن (lëkin)

Uzbek: lekin

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: लेकिन (lekin)

Urdu: لیکِن (lekin)

→ Kurdish:

Central Kurdish: لێکن (lêkin)

Northern Kurdish: lêkin, lê

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਲੇਕਿਨ (lekin)

Shahmukhi script: لیکن (lekin, lekan)

Borrowed from Arabic لٰكِنْ (lākin, “but”) (with the long vowel shifted by imāla). Compare Classical Persian ایمِنْ (ēmin) and بَلی (balē), from Arabic آمِنْ (ʔāmin) and بَلَى (balā).

bor+

عشق در عالم معنی ست نهالی شاداب
خوش نهالی ست و لیکن ثمرش جز غم نیست

c. 1911, Mohammad Hossein Âğuli Torki-ye Shirâzi, دیوان ترکی شیرازی:

The meaning of love in the world is a well-watered sapling;
It is a pretty sapling, but its fruit is naught but grief.

ešq dar âlam ma'ni-st nahâli šâdâb
xoš nahâli-st va likan samr-aš joz ğam nist


لیکن

pa-con

لیکن • (lekin, lekan) (Gurmukhi spelling ਲੇਕਿਨ)

lekin (romanization)
lekan (romanization)
ਲੇਕਿਨ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian لیکن (lekin), from Arabic لٰكِنْ (lākin).


om och endast om

if and only if (implies and is implied by)


forwhy

From Middle English forwhy, forwhi, from Old English forhwī, forhwȳ (“why, wherefore”). Equivalent to for + why.

Then did he cast to steale her thence away, / And with him beare where none of her might know: / But all in vaine, for-why he found no way / To enter in […]

1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, IV.12:

But of the day—and of the weeks bygone, and of many other things—this deponent saith nil, whereby and forwhy he is going to bed.

1863 February 22, Edward Lear, Letter from Edward Lear to Fortescue:

(obsolete) Because; for the reason that.


ہم

ہَم (canonical)
ham (romanization)
हम (Hindi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian هَم (ham), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *somHós. Cognate of English same.


מה־דאָך

head

מה־דאָך • (madekh)

From Hebrew מַה (ma, “what”) + Middle High German doch (“yet”).

...מה־דאָך ער מיינט ניט אַזוי


comme si

Il sortit par la porte et Roger put voir que son visage était pâle, comme s’il avait vu un fantôme.

He went out the door and Roger could see that his face was white, as though he had seen a phantom.


voordat

Afrikaans: voordat

Negerhollands: voor dat

Univerbation of voor (“before”) + dat (“that”).


třebaže

[ˈtr̝̊ɛbaʒɛ]


nhân

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-nhân.wav

Vừa rồi:
Nhân họ Hồ chính sự phiền hà,
Để trong nước lòng dân oán hận,
Quân cuồng Minh thừa cơ gây hoạ,
Bọn gian tà còn bán nước cầu vinh.
Nướng dân đen trên ngọn lửa hung tàn,
Vùi con đỏ xuống dưới hầm tai vạ.

(Can we date this quote?), Nguyễn Trãi, translated by Ngô Tất Tố, Bình Ngô đại cáo [The Great Proclamation of Wu Pacification]:

In the wake of the Hồ clan's tumultuous politics,
Which ended up in a nationwide resentful sentiment,
Ming ravagers mobilized their troops, hoping to oppress our people,
Malicious factions seized their opportunity, aiming to sell out our homeland.
They all wanted to roast our folk over vicious hellfire,
At the same time, they wished to bury our people in calamitous pits.


vaik

Hää vaik saoi, miä unohin.

1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 136:


เลย

th-con

เลย • (ləəi)

Cognate with Lao ເລີຍ (lœ̄i), Shan လိူဝ် (lǒe), Ahom 𑜎𑜢𑜤𑜈𑜫 (lüw).


dokud

dokud budu moci snít

dokud budu žít


固然

/ku⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/

/kɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ liɛn²⁴/

/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liɛn²⁴/

/kɔ²¹⁻⁵³ liɛn²⁴/

/kɔ²¹⁻⁵³ d͡ziɛn¹³/

/kɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ ziɛn²³/

/ku²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡zieŋ⁵⁵/

/ku²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/

/ku⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/

/kɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ liɛn²⁴/

/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liɛn²⁴/

/kɔ²¹⁻⁵³ liɛn²⁴/

/kɔ²¹⁻⁵³ d͡ziɛn¹³/

/kɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ ziɛn²³/

/ku²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡zieŋ⁵⁵/

/ku²¹³⁻⁵⁵ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/


何況

/xɤ³⁵ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/hɔː²¹ fɔːŋ³³/

/ho²⁴ kʰuɔŋ²¹³/

/ho¹¹ kʰoŋ³¹/

/hɔ¹³⁻²² hɔŋ⁵³/

/hɔ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/ho²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁵³/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴¹/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ⁵³/

/ho²⁴⁻²² kʰɔŋ⁵³/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ¹¹/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ hɔŋ²¹/

/ho⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰuaŋ²¹³/

/ɦu²² kʰuɑ̃⁴⁴/

/xɤ³⁵ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/hɔː²¹ fɔːŋ³³/

/ho²⁴ kʰuɔŋ²¹³/

/ho¹¹ kʰoŋ³¹/

/hɔ¹³⁻²² hɔŋ⁵³/

/hɔ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/ho²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁵³/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴¹/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ⁵³/

/ho²⁴⁻²² kʰɔŋ⁵³/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ¹¹/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ hɔŋ²¹/

/ho⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kʰuaŋ²¹³/

/ɦu²² kʰuɑ̃⁴⁴/


rather than

I'd like to go home early rather than risk the roads later.

According to this saga of intellectual-property misanthropy, these creatures [patent trolls] roam the business world, buying up patents and then using them to demand extravagant payouts from companies they accuse of infringing them. Often, their victims pay up rather than face the costs of a legal battle.

2013 June 8, “Obama goes troll-hunting”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, page 55:

Used to indicate that the following alternative is less preferred.


борон

head

борон • (boron) (takes nouns or verbs in action name form in ablative case, or verbs in negative participle (-maθ/-mäθ) form)

boron (romanization)
in negative participle (-maθ/-mäθ) form (verb)

From Proto-Turkic *burun (“before, earlier than”). Identical to Proto-Turkic *burun (“nose”) (See морон (moron, “animal's nose”)).
Cognate with
Old Uyghur [script needed] (burun, “before”),
Khakas пурун (purun, “before, earlier than”).

cog

Ҡалаға барып етмәҫ борон машинабыҙ ватылды.

Our car broke down before we reached the town.

Qalağa barıp yetməś boron maşinabıź vatıldı.


бе

Combines:
* An emphatic particle derived from Proto-Slavic *ba, *bo, coordinate to де (de), же (že), ле (le).
* A form of address borrowed from Ottoman Turkish به, from Byzantine Greek βρέ (bré), probably a colloquial form of Ancient Greek μωρέ (mōré), the vocative of μωρός (mōrós, “dull”).

бе това, бе онова

бе туй било, бе онуй било

used for emphasis in enumeration of entries


nichi

From Latin neque. Compare Romanian nici.


кога

head

ко́га • (kóga)

Вр́неше ко́га до́јдов вче́ра.


aamma

Qitsuteqarput, aamma marlunik qimmiuteqarput.

They have a cat and (they have) two dogs.

Jakob Sivertsen-illu Tunumi ajornartorsiutit immikkut ittut aamma eqqaavai: ...

1998 May 7, “Tasiilami efterskoleqalernissaa Jakob Sivertsen-ip sulissutigaa”, in Atuagagdliutit / Grønlandsposten:

Jakob Sivertsen also mentions the special problems that exist on Tunu.

2001 Louise Richter, for the Greenlandic Directorate of Culture, Education, Research and Ecclesiastical Affairs/Inerisaavik: "Kisitsineq/matematikki: Misilitsinnerit, naliliineq, atuartitsineq", p. 54

Calculation using large numbers, and growth.

Kisitsisit angisuut atorlugit kisitsineq aamma ineriartortitsineq.


kisianni

Nalunaajaat: gg, ll aamma rr tassaapput aappersarissat (tallisat) taaneri imernaalanngitsut, kisianni g, l aamma r aappersaraapput (naatsut) taaneri imernaalasut.

2002, Berthelsen, Jacobsen, Petersen, Kleivan, Rischel: Oqaatsit Kalaallisuumiit Qallunaatuumut, 3rd ed., p. 16

Note: gg, ll and rr are long consonants, pronounced voicelessly, whereas g, l and r are short consonants, pronounced voicedly.


pro ke

From pro (“because of”) + ke (“that”). Also a calque of French parce que, Italian perché, and Spanish porque Compare por ke, dum ke, depos ke, and til ke.


kande

Borrowed from French quand, Italian quando, Spanish cuando, cuándo, ultimately from Latin quandō. kande instead of quande so not to interfere with quanta.

Kande me esis yuna, me natis en la rivero.

When I was young, I would swim in the river.


quar

French: car


ovšem

Univerbation of o + všem. Compare Polish owszem.


дали

дали́ • (dalí)


дали

Не знам дали ќе си го исполниш ветувањето.

I don't know whether you'll fulfil your promise.

Ne znam dali ḱe si go ispolniš vetuvanjeto.


-li

From Proto-Slavic *-li; cognate with Upper Sorbian -li, Polish -li, Czech -li.

Coš-li, ga móžoš.

Jo-li tam, ga jo derje.

Zmejoš-li pjeńeze, dosć změjoš pśijaśelow.

If you have money, you’ll have plenty of friends.

Maš-li to na mysli, ga cyń.


可見

/kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/hɔː³⁵ kiːn³³/

/kʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɛn²¹/

/kʰɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiɛn²¹/

/kʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɛn¹¹/

/kʰɔ̃⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiɛn⁴¹/

/kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/hɔː³⁵ kiːn³³/

/kʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɛn²¹/

/kʰɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiɛn²¹/

/kʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɛn¹¹/

/kʰɔ̃⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiɛn⁴¹/


即使

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɪk̚⁵ siː³⁵/

/tet̚⁵⁵ ɬu⁵⁵/

/t͡siɪk̚³²⁻⁵ su⁵³/

/t͡siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ su⁵³/

/t͡siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ su⁴¹/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁴ su⁵³/

/t͡sit̚⁵⁻²⁴ sɯ⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡siak̚²⁻⁴ sai⁵²⁻²¹/

/t͡ɕiɪʔ³³ sz̩⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɪk̚⁵ siː³⁵/

/tet̚⁵⁵ ɬu⁵⁵/

/t͡siɪk̚³²⁻⁵ su⁵³/

/t͡siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ su⁵³/

/t͡siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ su⁴¹/

/t͡sit̚³²⁻⁴ su⁵³/

/t͡sit̚⁵⁻²⁴ sɯ⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡siak̚²⁻⁴ sai⁵²⁻²¹/

/t͡ɕiɪʔ³³ sz̩⁴⁴/

I will go out tomorrow, even if it rains.

zik¹ si² ting¹ jat⁶ lok⁶ jyu⁵, ngo⁵ dou¹ wui⁵ ceot¹ heoi³.

即使聽日落雨，我都會出去。

即使听日落雨，我都会出去。

Even though you have left, my passion remains unchanged

張學友 (Jacky Cheung) (lyricist 劉卓輝), 還是覺得你最好

zik¹ si² nei⁵ lei⁴ hoi¹, ngo⁵ jit⁶ cing⁴ mei⁶ goi²

即使你離開，我熱情未改

即使你离开，我热情未改


אע״פ

אַף עַל פִּי
אף על פי#Hebrew

Abbreviation of אַף עַל פִּי (af al pi, “although”).


אף על פי

he-con

אַף־עַל־פִּי

אַף־עַל־פִּי • (af al pi)

אַף ־עַל־פִּי (canonical)
af al pi (romanization)


кат

(poetic) Alternative form of като́ (kató)


in order that

I am always trying new recipes, in order that I may become a better cook.


in quanto

Non gettare le batterie nel fuoco, in quanto potrebbero esplodere.

Do not dispose of batteries in a fire as they may explode.


per quanto

as far as, much as, as much as, however much


pedig

First attested in 1498. Split from the obsolete adverb and conjunction kedig, its initial k changed to p (for a similar dissimilation, see köszméte → pöszméte (“gooseberry [dialectal]”, standard: egres)). It may have been an adverb with emphatic function, hence its current role as a conjunction, partly expressing contrast or concession, and partly addition, stressing, and emphasis.

Péter a házban van, Juli pedig a kertben. (=…a házban van, és Juli…)

Peter is in the house, whereas Juli is in the garden.

Péter van a házban, nem pedig Juli. (=…a házban, és nem…)

Sem Péter, sem pedig Juli nincs a házban.

Neither Peter [“and”] nor Juli is in the house.

(after the first clause element, like a clitic) and, while, whereas, in turn (expressing addition or mild contrast)

A: Nem hiszem el. ¶ B: Pedig ez az igazság.

A: I don't believe it. ¶ B: But that's the truth.

Eljött, pedig mondtam neki, hogy ne jöjjön.

He came, although I told him not to come.

(before the first clause element) although, even though, notwithstanding, nevertheless, nonetheless


ар

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

non-lemma

агар агар#Tajik


就此

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ t͡sʰz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐu̯²² t͡sʰiː³⁵/

/t͡siu³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰu⁵³/

/t͡siu³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰu⁴¹/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ t͡sʰz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐu̯²² t͡sʰiː³⁵/

/t͡siu³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰu⁵³/

/t͡siu³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰu⁴¹/


veće

1891, recorded by Vuk Stefanović Karadžić, Srpske narodne pjesme

That was not a grey falcon-bird, / but rather it was the saint Elijah.

To ne bio soko tica siva, / veće bio svetitelj Ilija.


веће

То не био соко тица сива, / веће био светитељ Илија.

1891, recorded by Vuk Stefanović Karadžić, Srpske narodne pjesme

(archaic, rare) Alternative form of ве̏ћ


якщо

head

якщо́ • (jakščó)


калі

калі́ • (kalí)

From Proto-Slavic *kolě, cognate with Russian ко́ли (kóli), Ukrainian коли́ (kolý), Bulgarian коле (kole) and Slovene koli.


minthogy

(formal, conjunction of cause) as, because, since

(conjunction of purpose) Misspelling of mint hogy.


dehát

Itt az órád az asztalon. - Dehát én nem is oda tettem! - Your watch is here on the table. - But hey, I didn't even put it there!

but hey (said when surprised or being indignant)


mintha

Úgy haragszik rám, mintha én lennék a hibás.

S/he is angry at me as though I were at fault.

(for an unreal condition) as if, as though

(for a real condition) Misspelling of mint ha.

Mintha hallottam volna valami zajt.


deviszont

(disputed) but, nevertheless, on the other hand


mivelhogy

Az eddigi korábbi vallatásai a kerületi biztos elnöklete alatt mentek végbe, mivelhogy azok politikusok voltak.

1879, Mór Jókai, chapter 43, in Rab Ráby:


mégis

mégse

introducing a negative statement in contrast with an affirmative antecedent

(quasi-synonyms)

Kifizette az adósságát, mégis megverték.

He paid his debt, nevertheless, he was beaten.

Mégis busszal kell mennünk, mert a kocsi összetört.

We still need to go by bus, as the car got broken. (also applicable when returning to a previous idea that has been rejected)

Mégis meg lehet javítani.

It can be repaired, after all. (unlike it was previously thought, although it had been possibly hoped that it could be repaired)

yet, still, but, however, nevertheless, all the same, notwithstanding, after all (introducing a positive statement in contrast with a negative antecedent; the opposite of mégsem)

(software) redo (as an instruction; its literal meaning can be derived from mégis ezt szeretném “and yet I do want that”; “and yet this is what I want”)


viszont

Lexicalization of the visz- ~ vissz- stem of vissza (“back”) + -n (locative suffix) + -t (locative suffix).


thamana

-thamana (canonical)
engithamana (first-person singular)
ngithamana (copulative first-person singular)
othamana (second-person singular)
uthamana (copulative second-person singular)
esithamana (first-person plural)
sithamana (copulative first-person plural)
enithamana (plural second-person)
nithamana (copulative plural second-person)
othamana (class-1)
uthamana (class-1 copulative)
abathamana (class-2)
bathamana (class-2 copulative)
othamana (class-3)
uthamana (class-3 copulative)
ethamana (class-4)
ithamana (class-4 copulative)
elithamana (class-5)
lithamana (class-5 copulative)
athamana (class-6)
athamana (class-6 copulative)
esithamana (class-7)
sithamana (class-7 copulative)
ezithamana (class-8)
zithamana (class-8 copulative)
ethamana (class-9)
ithamana (class-9 copulative)
ezithamana (class-10)
zithamana (class-10 copulative)
obuthamana (class-14)
buthamana (class-14 copulative)
okuthamana (class-15)
kuthamana (class-15 copulative)
okuthamana (class-17)
kuthamana (class-17 copulative)


hanem

Nem a postára megyek, hanem a boltba.

I'm not going to the post office but to the store.

but (instead); the preceding clause contains a negative statement and the following clause contains the correction needed to make it positive. See the example.


ugyanis

as, because (usually if wanting to draw attention to the cause, e.g. because it is surprising)


是不是

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ b̥u¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/siː²² pɐt̚⁵ siː²²/

/sz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ put̚¹ sz̩⁵³/

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ b̥u¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/siː²² pɐt̚⁵ siː²²/

/sz̩⁵³⁻⁵⁵ put̚¹ sz̩⁵³/

是不是最近很忙？

咱是不是該撤了？

咱是不是该撤了？

我是不是对你很好？

(My) son's gotten skinny, says his bottom is itchy, has he got worms?

Érzǐ hěn shòuxuē, shuō pìgu yǎng, shìbùshì yǒu chóng le?

兒子很瘦削，說屁股癢，是不是有蟲了？

儿子很瘦削，说屁股痒，是不是有虫了？


for that

At this his relations were sore amazed; not for that they believed that what he had said to them was true, but because they thought that some frenzy distemper had got into his head; therefore, it drawing towards night, and they hoping that sleep might settle his brains, with all haste they got him to bed.

1678, John Bunyan, The Pilgrim's Progress:

Being desired to name some other persons for whom he made shoes; says, he made shoes for madam Loftus, (and named several others) and added, that he had custom enough, for that he made shoes for the troop.

1813, Thomas Bayly Howell, “The Trial in Ejectment between Campbell Craig, Lessee of James Annesley, esq. and others, Plaintiff; and the Right Hon. Richard Earl of Anglesea, Defendant, A.D. 1743”, in A Complete Collection of State Trials, volume 17, page 1185:


เพื่อ

th-con

เพื่อ • (pʉ̂ʉa)

Cognate with Lao ເພື່ອ (phư̄a), Lü ᦵᦗᦲᧈ (poe¹), Shan ပိူဝ်ႈ (pōe).

cog

Lü ᦵᦗᦲᧈ (poe¹)

2001, ราชบัณฑิตยสถาน, พจนานุกรมศัพท์วรรณคดี สมัยอยุธยา โคลงยวนพ่าย, Bangkok: ราชบัณฑิตยสถาน, →ISBN, pages 123–124:
เพื่อเกรงพระเจ้าคลื่น คลาพล
pʉ̂ʉa greeng prá-jâao klʉ̂ʉn · klaa pon
Due to fearing that Our Lord would march and move men in


כש־

head

כְּשֶׁ־ • (k'she-)

כְּשֶׁ־ (canonical)
k'she- (romanization)

From כְּ־ (k'-, “like, as”) + שֶׁ־ (she-, “that, which”); compare כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka'ashér).

הוּא הָיָה אוֹמֵר אִם אֵין אֲנִי לִי. מִי לִי. וּכְשֶׁאֲנִי לְעַצְמִי. מָה אֲנִי. וְאִם לֹא עַכְשָׁיו. אֵימָתָי:

a. 10 B.C.E., Hillel the Elder, quoted in Pirkei Avot 1:14

He [Hillel] used to say, “If I am not for me, who is for me? And when I am for myself, what am I? And if not now, when?”

hû hāyâ ʾômēr ʾim ʾên ʾăniîlî, mî lî, uḵəšeʾănî ləʿaṣmî, mâ ʾănî, wəʾim lô ʿaḵšaw, ʾêmāṯāy.

גופה של קשישה בת 80 נמצאה היום (חמישי) בחדרה בבית האבות "מגדלי הים התיכון" כשעליה סימני אלימות רבים.
gufáh shél k'shishá bát 80 nimts'á hayóm (khamishí) b'khad'ráh bevéit ha'avót "migd'léi hayám hatikhón" k'she'aléiha simanéi alimút rabím.

2011 September 22, Yaniv Kubovich (יניב קובוביץ), Ha'Aretz, “[http:／www.haaretz.co.il/news/law/1.1480813 הקשישה נמצאה מתה בחדרה, המטפל קפץ מהבניין] (hak'shishá nimts'á méta b'khad'ráh, ham'tapél kafáts mehabinyán, “Elderly Woman Found Dead in Room, Caretaker Jumps from Building”)

The body of an 80-year-old woman was found today (Thursday) in her room in the "Mediterranean Towers" nursing home with many marks of violence on it [literally, when on it [are] many marks of violence].

(formal) With, with it being the case that.


εφόσον

εφόσον • (efóson)

el-conjunction

εφόσον • (efóson)

Univerbation of ἐφ' ὅσον (eph' hóson), a learned borrowing from Koine Greek ἐφ' ὅσον (eph' hóson, “for as long as possible”), with semantic loan from English as long as and/or semantic loan from German solange, sofern.

lbor

Εφόσον έχουν καταβληθεί τα πρόστιμα, είναι ελεύθεροι να φύγουν.

As long as the fines are paid, they can go free.

Efóson échoun katavlitheí ta próstima, eínai eléftheroi na fýgoun.


จึง

th-con

จึง • (jʉng)

2019 February 26, “ภาคประชาชนเรียกร้องให้ สนช. ยุติการพิจารณากฎหมายในช่วงเลือกตั้ง”, in iLaw, Bangkok: iLaw, retrieved 2019-02-28:
องค์กรและบุคคลผู้มีรายชื่อท้ายจดหมายเปิดผนึกฉบับนี้จึงขอเรียกร้องให้ประธานสภานิติบัญญัติแห่งชาติ สมาชิกสภานิติบัญญัติแห่งชาติ ได้ตระหนักว่า อำนาจอธิปไตยเป็นของปวงชนชาวไทย
ong-gɔɔn lɛ́ bùk-kon pûu mii raai-chʉ̂ʉ táai jòt-mǎai-bpə̀ət-pà-nʉ̀k chà-bàp níi jʉng kɔ̌ɔ rîiak-rɔ́ɔng hâi bprà-taan sà-paa-ní-dtì-ban-yàt hɛ̀ng châat · sà-maa-chík sà-paa-ní-dtì-ban-yàt hɛ̀ng châat · dâai dtrà-nàk wâa · am-nâat à-tí-bpà-dtai bpen kɔ̌ɔng bpuuang chon chaao tai
The organs and persons that are listed at the end of the present open letter would, therefore, like to demand the President of the National Legislative Assembly [and] the Members of the National Legislative Assembly to bear in mind that the sovereign power belongs to all the Thai people.

2018, ดวงกมล ธงชมเชย, “โครงสร้างเนื้อหาในประกาศการพระราชพิธีสมัยอยุธยาและสมัยรัตนโกสินทร์”, in ดำรงวิชาการ, volume 17, number 2 (pdf), Bangkok: คณะโบราณคดี มหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร, retrieved 2019-02-28, page 118:
จึงสันนิษฐานได้ว่า โองการแช่งน้ำพราหมณ์ในราชสำนักเป็นผู้แต่ง
jʉng sǎn-nít-tǎan dâai wâa · oong-gaan chɛ̂ng-náam praam nai râat-chá-sǎm-nák bpen pûu-dtɛ̀ng
It could thus be presumed that the person who composed the Water Cursing Declaration was a Brahmin priest in the royal court.

2019 February 27, “พระราชบัญญัติแก้ไขเพิ่มเติมประมวลรัษฎากร (ฉบับที่ ๔๙) พ.ศ. ๒๕๖๒”, in ราชกิจจานุเบกษา, volume 136, number 23 A (pdf), Bangkok: สำนักเลขาธิการคณะรัฐมนตรี, retrieved 2019-02-28, page 1:
จึงทรงพระกรุณาโปรดเกล้าฯให้ตราพระราชบัญญัติขึ้นไว้โดยคำแนะนำและยินยอมของสภานิติบัญญัติแห่งชาติทำหน้าที่รัฐสภาดังต่อไปนี้
jʉng song-prá-gà-rú-naa bpròot-glâao-bpròot-grà-mɔ̀m hâi dtraa prá-râat-chá-ban-yàt kʉ̂n wái dooi kam-nɛ́-nam lɛ́ yin-yɔɔm kɔ̌ɔng sà-paa-ní-dtì-ban-yàt hɛ̀ng châat tam nâa-tîi rát-tà-sà-paa dang-dtɔ̀ɔ-bpai-níi
Be it, therefore, enacted by the King's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the National Legislative Assembly, in its capacity as the National Assembly, as follows:

so, thus, therefore, accordingly, consequentially, because of that, for that reason, hence; then.


мен

Haplologised variant of менен (menen), from original برلان (birlān /birlän/, attested to be pronounced as мінен (mınen)).

ата мен ана


rox

Compare Bouyei rox, Lao ຫຼື (lư̄), Thai หรือ (rʉ̌ʉ).

cog

Thai หรือ (rʉ̌ʉ)


rox

Thai หรือ (rʉ̌ʉ)


či

Inherited from Old Czech či, from Proto-Slavic *či.

Být, či nebýt?

Lidožrouti ostrovů Guinejských i Polynésie, než sežerou slavnostně své zajatce či lidi nepotřebné, jako misionáře, cestovatele a jednatele různých obchodních firem či prosté zvědavce, obětují předtím svým bohům, vykonávajíce nejrozmanitější náboženské výkony.

1925, Jaroslav Hašek, Osudy dobrého vojáka Švejka za světové války:

Nevěděl, či to má poslat.

He didn't know whether he should send it?


či

Czech: či


či

East Slavic:

Old East Slavic: чи (či)

Old Ruthenian: чи (či), чы (čy)

Belarusian: ці (ci)

Ukrainian: чи (čy)

Russian: чи (či) (dialectal)

Old Novgorodian: ци (ci)

South Slavic:

Old Church Slavonic:

Church Slavonic: чи (či)

Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: či, če

Cyrillic script: чи, че

Slovene: če, čì

West Slavic:

Old Czech: či
Czech: či

desctree

Old Polish: czy
Polish: czy
Silesian: czy, czi

Old Slovak: či

Pannonian Rusyn: чи (či)

Slovak: či

Polabian: cĕ

Pomeranian:

Kashubian: czë

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷéy, initially instrumental singular of pronoun *kʷo-/*kʷe-; compare Latin qui, Avestan 𐬗𐬌𐬱 (ciš), Old Saxon hwi.


ос

Ань 1-4 классыт ма̄гыс туп корякский ос ма̄ньщи ла̄тӈыл щё̄питым нэ̄пакыт о̄ньще̄в...

2024 May 30, Tamara Merova, Лӯима̄ сэ̄рипос, volume 1316, number 10, page 8:

Anʹ 1-4 klassyt māgys tup korâkskij os mānʹŝi lātňyl ŝë̄pitym nè̄pakyt ōnʹŝēv...


úgyhogy

Tanulok, úgyhogy most ne zavarj!


ugyan

Lexicalization of úgy + -an (adverb-forming suffix).

Ugyan a választ nem tudom, megpróbálok segíteni.

Although I don't know the answer, I'll try to help.

A ház ugyan szép, de rossz helyen van.

Although the house itself is nice, but it's at a bad location.


úgyis

Ne keseregj, ennek már úgyis vége.

Don't be sad, it's already ended after all.

Minek kérdezed, ha úgyis tudod?

Why do you ask if you already know it anyway?

Úgyis mi nyerünk!

anyway, in any case, one way or another, whatever happens, regardless of any action

Nem nyertünk, de úgyis az a lényeg, hogy ott voltunk.

We did not win, but after all the important part is that we were there.

Menjünk el velük az étterembe, úgyis rég voltunk már!

Let's join them to the restaurant, we haven't been there in a long time, that's for sure / anyway.

Megnézhetjük a szobrot is, úgyis ott van közel.

We could take a look at the statue, too, it's quite close anyway.

Ha már úgyis bemegyünk a városba, akkor bevásárolhatnánk.

By the way if we already go in the city anyway, then we could also do the shopping.


hiszen

First attested in 1519. From hiszem (“I believe”), the first-person singular indicative present definite form of hisz (“to believe”). For the final m changing to n, compare talán.

Itt vagyok, hiszen megígértem, hogy eljövök!

I am here, of course, as I promised I would come.

as, because; said if something follows obviously for the speaker

Hiszen ez nem is nehéz!

De hiszen ott voltam!

hey, but, why; said when realizing something or wanting someone else to realize something


-a-

From earlier a (attested by the 14th c.), as a contraction of and and its various Middle English forms.

Chem a laced well-a-fine aread

1746, Exmoor Scolding, 3rd edition, section 81:


hasta que

Quiero ver cuanto antes aquella película nueva, pero no hasta que termine de leer el libro en el que se basa.

I want to see that new movie as soon as possible, but not until I finish reading the book it's based on.


oziroma

Spomenik naj bi postavili na trgu oziroma v parku.

The monument is to be placed on the square or in the park.

Plenilci, oziroma medvedi in volkovi, izumirajo zadnjih par let.

Predators, i.e. bears and wolves, have been dying out last couple of years.

Moji otroci so stari deset oziroma štirinajst let.

My kids are ten and fourteen years old, respectively.

Šport, oziroma alpinizem, je gojil od mladih nog

He has been into sports, or more specifically alpinism, since his childhood.


чи

Inherited from Old Ruthenian чи (či), from Old East Slavic чи (či), from Proto-Slavic *či, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷéy, initially instrumental singular of pronoun *kʷo-／*kʷe-.


மற்றும்

ta-con

மற்றும் • (maṟṟum)

From மற்று (maṟṟu). Cognate with Kannada ಮತ್ತು (mattu).


proque

Peter ha multe libros, proque ille ama leger.

Peter has a lot of books, because he loves to read.


甚至

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (甚至):
* → Vietnamese: thậm chí (甚至)

/ʂən⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sɐm²² t͡siː³³/

/sɨm⁵⁵ t͡sɨ⁵⁵/

/sɨm³¹ t͡sɨ⁵⁵/

/sim³³⁻¹¹ t͡si¹¹/

/sim³³⁻²¹ t͡si²¹/

/sim²²⁻²¹ t͡si²¹/

/sim³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡si²¹³/

/zən²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

/ʂən⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sɐm²² t͡siː³³/

/sɨm⁵⁵ t͡sɨ⁵⁵/

/sɨm³¹ t͡sɨ⁵⁵/

/sim³³⁻¹¹ t͡si¹¹/

/sim³³⁻²¹ t͡si²¹/

/sim²²⁻²¹ t͡si²¹/

/sim³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡si²¹³/

/zən²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

Even if they were going through a rough patch they would still go in split-up groups.

Shènzhì nào qǐ bièniǔ lái, tāmen yě shì lābāngjiépài de.

甚至鬧起彆扭來，她們也是拉幫結派的。

甚至闹起别扭来，她们也是拉帮结派的。

even; even if; go so far as to; to the extent that


en tant que

L’office des peuples modernes, en tant qu’ils se connaissent distincts, paraît bien être de se haïr. L’office des élites est au contraire de se comprendre en tant que distinctes, c’est-à-dire en tant que valeurs.

1945, Denis de Rougemont, Les personnes du drame, page 48:

En tant que je subis votre influence, en tant que je suis des vôtres, je me conformerai à vos lois. C’est-à-dire que je les accepterai sur les quelques points où elles me plaisent.

1908, Revue philosophique de la France et de l'étranger, page 154:

C’est pourquoi j’ai mieux aimé appuyer mon raisonnement sur l’existence de moi-même, laquelle ne dépend d’aucune suite de causes, et qui m’est si connue que rien ne peut être davantage ; et, m’interrogeant sur cela moi-même, je n’ai pas tant cherché par quelle cause j’ai autrefois été produit que j’ai cherché quelle est la cause qui à présent me conserve, afin de me délivrer par ce moyen de toute suite et succession de causes. Outre cela, je n’ai pas cherché quelle est la cause de mon être en tant que je suis composé de corps et d’âme, mais seulement et précisément en tant que je suis une chose qui pense.


in regard

Probably an elision of "in regard that".

I cannot say that I ever saw an adder, in regard there are none in these parts.

Yet, in regard they substance passeth his,
And that iust guerdon may befall desert,<br?To him we yeeld the armour of the prince.
How likes don Balthazar of this deuice?

That which comes fermented and dyed unto us affords no distinct account, in regard it is infected with a decoction or lixivium

(obsolete) since; because; inasmuch as; considering that; considering.


soos

lande soos Engeland en Frankryk

Soos ons vadere vertrou het ...

1921, “Die Stem van Suid-Afrika”, C.J. Langenhoven (lyrics), M.L. de Villiers (music), South Africa:


tofore

From Middle English tofore, toforn, from Old English tōforan (“in front of”), from tō (“to”) + foran (“front, fore-part”, n.), dative case of fora (“front”). Compare Dutch tevoren (“previously”), German zuvor (“before, previously”). More at to, fore.


tofore

From Old English tōforan; equivalent to to- + fore.

Never sith myght he be heled, ne nought shal tofore we come to hym.

1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [Le Morte Darthur], (please specify the book number), [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:

Indicates that the antecedent clause occurred before the consequent clause in time.


thereas

1485 – Thomas Malory. Le Morte Darthur, Book IV, Chapter xx, leaf 74r
And euery day of thre dayes he strake doune twenty knyghtes therfore they gaf hym the pryse & forthe with all he wente there as the lady Ettard was and gaf her the serklet
"and every day of three days he struck down twenty knights, therefore they gave him the prize, and forthwithal he went thereas the Lady Ettard was, and gave her the circlet"

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


ocus

Irish: agus

Manx: as

Scottish Gaelic: agus

From Old Irish ocus, see there for more.


ocus

desctree

Middle Irish: ocus, acus
Irish: agus
Manx: as
Scottish Gaelic: agus

From Proto-Celtic *adgostus (“near”), with the initial o- arising under the influence of oc (“at”). Cognate to Welsh agos.


così che

Alternative form of cosicché (“so that”)


بل

ar-con

بَلْ • (bal)

desctree

→ Classical Persian: بَلْکِه (balki)
→ Armenian: բալքի (balkʻi)
→ Old Anatolian Turkish: بلكه (bälki)
Azerbaijani: bəlkə (“maybe, perhaps”)
Khalaj: bəlki (“maybe, perhaps”)
Ottoman Turkish: بلكه (“certainly, beyond any doubt; even; perhaps”)
Turkish: belki (“maybe, perhaps”)
→ Crimean Tatar: belki (“maybe, perhaps”)
→ Hijazi Arabic: بلكن (balkin, “maybe, perhaps”), بلكي (balki) (archaic)
→ South Levantine Arabic: بلكي (balki, “perhaps”), بلكن (balken), بركي (barki)
→ Libyan Arabic: بلكي (balki, “perhaps”)
→ Cypriot Arabic: perki (“maybe, perhaps”)
→ Laz: ბექითა (bekita)
→ Macedonian: белки (belki, “perhaps, possibly”), белким (belkim, “perhaps, possibly”)
→ Zazaki: belki (“maybe, perhaps”)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: बल्कि (balki)
Urdu: بلکہ (balki, “but”)
→ Phalura: bálki (“but”)
→ Uyghur: بەلكى (belki, “maybe, perhaps”)
→ Uzbek: balki (“maybe, perhaps”)
→ Bashkir: бәлки (bəlki, “maybe, perhaps”)
→ Kazakh: бәлки (bälki), бәлкім (bälkım, “maybe, perhaps”)
→ Kyrgyz: балки (balki), балким (balkim, “maybe, perhaps”)

لَا يَكْرَهُهَا، بَل يُحِبُّهَا

He doesn’t hate her, but rather loves her.

جَاءَتْ سُعَادُ، بَلْ سَلْمَى

It wasn't Su'ad that came, but rather Salma.

(after an affirmative) used to cancel what precedes it and confirm what follows it


нежели

head

нежели • (neželi)


нежели

не́жели • (néželi)

не́жели (canonical)
néželi (romanization)


konsa

From Proto-Finnic *konsa, derived from Proto-Uralic *ko-. Related to Karelian konša, Ludian konz and Veps konz.


ལས

ཤི་ལས་ཐུ།

ཁྱི་ལས་ལོད།


ځکه چې

ځکه چې • (źëka če)


ту

То ынӈин намалгитан ыньаньньус аӈинмысъатылъын.

Then (the parents) saw (their daughter) who was talking alone.


but if

And therewithall he swange oute a swerde and seyde, ‘But yf thou telle me all who hath ben here, now shalt thou dey!’

1485, Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur, Book VIII:

Ne living aide for her on earth appeares, / But-if the heavens helpe to redresse her wrong, / Moved with pity of her plenteous teares.

1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IV, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


l.

Abbreviation of eli (“that is; also known as; or”).


l.

[Om ordet skälmer] opålitlig l. skrupelfri l. svekfull l. skurkaktig person, […]

[About the term scoundrel] unreliable or unscrupulous or deceitful or villainous individual, […]

(lexicography) Abbreviation of eller (“or”).


úa

From Proto-Celtic *aw (“away”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew (“away, down”).


ताकि

Borrowed from Classical Persian تا که (tā ki). By surface analysis, ता (tā) + कि (ki).

bor+

मैं जल्दी घर आ गया ताकि हम खा सकें।

ma͠i jaldī ghar ā gayā tāki ham khā sakẽ.


ė

Petnīčė īr dėina nedielie terp ketverga ė sobatas.

Friday is the day of the week between Thursday and Saturday.


якби

head

якби́ • (jakbý)

А що якби́ не я?

Якби́ ти знав як усі́ тебе́ лю́блять!

If only you knew how much everybody loves you!

Якби́ я хоті́в, я б це зроби́в.

Ми б пішли́ ра́зом якби́ ти не запізни́лася.

We would have gone together if you had not been late.

My b pišlý rázom jakbý ty ne zapiznýlasja.


𐌀

𐌄𐌖·𐌀·𐌄𐌖


phuti

-phutí (canonical)
lengiphuti (first-person singular)
ngiphuti (copulative first-person singular)
lophuti (second-person singular)
uphuti (copulative second-person singular)
lesiphuti (first-person plural)
siphuti (copulative first-person plural)
leniphuti (plural second-person)
niphuti (copulative plural second-person)
lophuti (class-1)
uphuti (class-1 copulative)
labaphuti (class-2)
baphuti (class-2 copulative)
lophuti (class-3)
uphuti (class-3 copulative)
lephuti (class-4)
iphuti (class-4 copulative)
leliphuti (class-5)
liphuti (class-5 copulative)
laphuti (class-6)
aphuti (class-6 copulative)
lesiphuti (class-7)
siphuti (class-7 copulative)
letiphuti (class-8)
tiphuti (class-8 copulative)
lephuti (class-9)
iphuti (class-9 copulative)
letiphuti (class-10)
tiphuti (class-10 copulative)
loluphuti (class-11)
luphuti (class-11 copulative)
lobuphuti (class-14)
buphuti (class-14 copulative)
lokuphuti (class-15)
kuphuti (class-15 copulative)
lokuphuti (class-17)
kuphuti (class-17 copulative)


कि

Borrowed from Classical Persian کِه (ki). Compare Gujarati કે (ke), Marathi की (kī), Punjabi ਕਿ (ki), Bengali যে (je).

bor+

मुझे मालूम नहीं था कि तुम्हें मराठी आती है।
mujhe mālūm nahī̃ thā ki tumhẽ marāṭhī ātī hai.
I didn't know that you speak Marathi
(literally, “It wasn't known to me that Marathi comes to you.”)


ǂʻá

tháa ǂʻá tháa

(lit.) thing and thing each thing, i.e. everything


dóigh

dóigh (mutation mutation-radical)
dhóigh (lenition mutation)
ndóigh (eclipsis mutation)

From Old Irish dáig (“for, since, because”)


က

မိုးရွာက


не говоря уже о

head

не говоря́ уже́ о

не говоря́ уже́ о • (ne govorjá užé o)

не говоря́ уже́ о (canonical)
ne govorjá užé o (romanization)

[nʲɪ‿ɡəvɐˈrʲa ʊˈʐɛ ɐ]


كأن

ar-con

كَأَنَّ • (kaʔanna)

كَأَنَّ (canonical)
kaʔanna (romanization)
كَأَنَّ (stem)
كَأَنَّنِي (feminine first-person masculine singular)
كَأَنَّنَا (common-gender dual feminine first-person masculine plural)
كَأَنَّكَ (masculine second-person singular)
كَأَنَّكِ (feminine second-person singular)
كَأَنَّكُمَا (common-gender dual second-person)
كَأَنَّكُمْ (masculine plural second-person)
كَأَنَّكُنَّ (feminine plural second-person)
كَأَنَّهُ (masculine singular third-person)
كَأَنَّهَا (feminine singular third-person)
كَأَنَّهُمَا (common-gender dual third-person)
كَأَنَّهُمْ (masculine plural third-person)
كَأَنَّهُنَّ (feminine plural third-person)


كأن

كَأَنْ • (kaʔan)

فَجَعَلْنَاهَا حَصِيدًا كَأَنْ لَمْ تَغْنَ بِالْأَمْسِ كَذٰلِكَ نُفَصِّلُ الْآيَاتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ

We make it as a harvest, as if it had not flourished yesterday. Thus do We explain in detail the signs for a people who give thought.

fa-jaʕalnāhā ḥaṣīdan kaʔan lam taḡna bi-l-ʔamsi kaḏālika nufaṣṣilu l-ʔāyāti li-qawmin yatafakkarūna


че

Че каза „не“, не е изненадващо.
Če kaza „ne“, ne e iznenadvašto.
That he said no is not surprising.

Не е изненадващо, че каза „не“.
Ne e iznenadvašto, če kaza „ne“.
It's not surprising (that) he said no.

Че още никой не е дошъл, е странно.

Странно е, че още никой не е дошъл.

It's strange (that) nobody has come yet.

(used to introduce a clause that is the subject of a verb) that (or is omitted)

Той каза, че ще дойде.

Видях, че тръгнаха към реката.

Чух, че ще се женят.

I heard (that) they were getting married.

(used to introduce a clause that is the object of a verb) that (or is omitted)

Мисълта, че повече няма да го види, беше непоносима.

The thought that she would never see him again was unbearable.

Misǎlta, če poveče njama da go vidi, beše neponosima.

Фактът, че е по-стар от мен, е без значение.

The fact that he's older than me is not relevant.

Faktǎt, če e po-star ot men, e bez značenie.

Сигурен съм, че е вярно.

Не се съмнявам, че ще го стори.

(used to introduce a clause that completes or explains the meaning of a previous noun or adjective) that (or is omitted)

Видях я, че плаче.

Видях го, че влиза в сградата.

used to introduce a clause that indicates an action taken by the main verb's direct object, translated with the present participle or the bare infinitive

Може да закъснея, че имаме гости.

I might be late because we are having guests.

(colloquial, used to introduce the reason for something) because, for

Беше толкова уморена, че не можеше да мисли ясно.

She was so tired (that) she couldn't think straight.

Beše tolkova umorena, če ne možeše da misli jasno.

Толкова бързаше, че забрави да си вземе шапката.

He was in such a rush (that) he forgot to take his hat.

Tolkova bǎrzaše, če zabravi da si vzeme šapkata.

(used to express a result) that (or is omitted)

Заплака, зарида, че на майка си продума.

He started crying, he started weeping and then he spoke to his mother.

Zaplaka, zarida, če na majka si produma.

(dated, used to join sentences or sentence fragments in chronological order) and

Изтървах я и тя се счупи. Че като се разкряска, не можеш да си представиш!

I dropped and it broke. And then you should have heard her shout!

Iztǎrvah ja i tja se sčupi. Če kato se razkrjaska, ne možeš da si predstaviš!

(colloquial, used to introduce the next part of a story) so, and then

Бързай, че ще закъснееш.

Внимавай, че ще си изпатиш!

Че тъкмо тази книга ми трябва.


коли

head

коли • (koĺi)

коли йодат, вашештем


коли

ко́ли • (kóli)

ну, уж коли грех твой тебя́ попутал, не́чего де́лать: свое́й судьбы не мину́ешь!

М. Ю. Лермонтов, Герой нашего времени 1839-1841

well, if sins enticed you, there is nothing you can do: you cannot escape your fate!

nu, už koli grex tvoj tebjá poputal, néčevo délatʹ: svojéj sudʹby ne minúješʹ!


коли

коли́ • (kolý)

Eastern Mari: коли (koĺi)

From Proto-Slavic *kolě, cognate with Belarusian калі́ (kalí), Bulgarian коле (kole), Russian коли (koli) and Slovene koli.


undtagen

Past participle common gender of undtage (“to except”). Compare Norwegian Bokmål unntagen, unntatt and Swedish undantagen.

[ˈɔnˈtˢæjˀən]

[ˈɔnˌtˢæjˀən]


agh

From Old Irish acht (“but, except”), from Proto-Celtic *extos, from Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs.

By vie lhiam cur da'n chayt ayd agh cha bloys dou.

I'd like to lash your cat but I dare not.

Cha daink eh agh dy akin cre va goll.


tedy

Polish: tedy

Silesian: tedy

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tъgъda. First attested in the 14th century.


када

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kogъda, a compound of *ko (from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos) and *gъda, genitive singular of *godъ (compare Old Church Slavonic годъ (godŭ, “right time”)), thus originally meaning 'at what time'.

cog

when, if etc.; see ка̏д for examples and details.


lykas

Hy lykt lykas syn heit.


бірақ

head

бірақ • (bıraq)


және

және • (jäne)

From Proto-Turkic *yana (“returning; again”), which was the imperfective converbal form of *yan- (“to return”).
Cognate with
Old Turkic 𐰖𐰣𐰀 (jana, “again”, in Irk Bitig);
Bashkir және (jəne, “йән”);
Kyrgyz жана (jana, “again”),
Southern Altai јаны (ǰanï, “near”),
Uzbek yana (“again”),
Uyghur يەنە (yene, “again”),
Turkmen ýene (“again”),
Turkish yine (“again”).

cog

Босния және Герцеговина ― Bosniä jäne Gersegovina ― Bosnia and Herzegovina


ពីព្រោះ

km-con

ពីព្រោះ • (pii prŭəh)


ព្រោះ

ព្រោះ • (prŭəh)

From Proto-Mon-Khmer *ruh ~ *ruəh (“to fall, to scatter, to sprinkle”). Cognate with Thai เพราะ (prɔ́)


уколико

уколѝко̄ (canonical)
ukolìkō (romanization)


acciò

(literary) (followed by che + subjunctive) in order that, so that


لون

لونّـ (canonical)
lawenn- (romanization)
لونّـ
لونّي (first-person singular)
لونّا (first-person plural)
لونّك (masculine second-person singular)
لونّك (feminine second-person singular)
لونكم (plural second-person)
لونّه (masculine singular third-person)
إلونها (feminine singular third-person)
لونهم (plural third-person)

if (hypothetical condition; followed by a suffix pronoun)


بس

From Persian بس (bas), from Middle Persian ws (/was/).


بس

رِحْتْ اِلْمَطْعَمْ بَسْ كَانْ مْسَكَّر

I went to the restaurant but it was closed.

سِعِر اِلْوَجْبَة بَسْ دِينَار

بَسِّكْ كَمْيُوتَر


بس

as soon as, once (with subjunctive verb)


както

head

както́ • (kaktó)

както́ зна́еш

както́ вали́, не мо́жем да си тръ́гнем


oubyen

From French ou bien (“or, as the case may be”).


เพราะ

th-con

เพราะ • (prɔ́)


jika

Indonesian: jika


ว่า

มารีย์จะเกิดลูกป้อจาย เมื่อเกิดมาแล้วหื้อตั้งจื้อว่า ‘เยซู’ ย้อนว่าต้านจะจ้วยคนของต้านหื้อรอดป๊นบาปโต้ษ

2017, Wycliffe Bible Translators, พระคริสตธรรมคัมภีร์ [New Testament], →ISBN, Matthew i.21, page 4:

Mary shall give birth to a male child. Once he has been born, you shall give him 'Jesus' as his name for the reason that it is he who shall help his people to escape from their sins.

maa-rii cà kə̀ət lûuk pɔ̂ɔ-caai. mʉ̂ʉa kəət maa lɛ́ɛo, hʉ̂ʉ tâŋ cʉ̂ʉ wâa 'yeesuu' yɔ̂ɔn wâa tâan cà cûuai khon khɔ̂ɔŋ tâan hʉ̂ʉ rɔ̂ɔt pón bàap tôot


ว่า

From Middle Chinese 話 (MC hwaejH, “to say; to speak”). Cognate with Lao ວ່າ (wā), Northern Thai ᩅ᩵ᩤ, Khün ᩅ᩵ᩤ, Lü ᦞᦱᧈ (vaa¹), Shan ဝႃႈ (wāa), Tai Dam ꪫ꪿ꪱ, Ahom 𑜈𑜠 (ba), Zhuang vah.

1681, พระราชพงศาวดารกรุงเก่า ฉบับหลวงประเสริฐ, Bangkok: โรงพิมพ์ไทย, published 1907, page 3:
ศักราช ๗๘๑ กุญศก มีข่าวมาว่า พระมหาธรรมราชาธิราชเจ้านฤพานแลเมืองเหนือทั้งปวงเปนจลาจล
sàk-gà-ràat · jèt-rɔ́ɔi bpɛ̀ɛt-sìp èt · gun sòk · mii kàao maa wâa · prá má-hǎa tam-má-raa-chaa-tí-râat jâao ná-rʉ́-paan lɛɛ mʉʉang nʉ̌ʉa táng-bpuuang bpen jà-laa-jon
[In] the year 781, the Year of the Pig, there came the tidings that Phra Maha Thammarachathirat the Lord had passed into eternity and all the northern towns fell into turbulency.

1926, สิน เฉลิมเผ่า, ประชุมพงศาวดาร ภาคที่ ๓๔, Bangkok: โรงพิมพ์โสภณพิพรรฒธนากร, page 10:
ข้าพเจ้าได้พูดกับเจ้าพระยาวิชเยนทรว่า ชายคนนี้แลสมควรที่จะเปนราชทูตออกไปเมืองฝรั่งเศส
kâa-pá-jâao dâai pûut gàp jâao-prá-yaa wít-chá-yeen wâa · chaai kon níi lɛɛ sǒm-kuuan tîi jà bpen râat-chá-tûut ɔ̀ɔk bpai mʉʉang fà-ràng-sèet
I had spoken with Chaophraya Witchayen that this man, indeed, befitted being a royal diplomat [for] going out to France.

1935 June 10, “ประมวลกฎหมายวิธีพิจารณาความอาญา”, in ห้องสมุดกฎหมาย, Bangkok: สำนักงานคณะกรรมการกฤษฎีกา, archived from the original on 2020-10-04:
ถ้ามีเหตุควรเชื่อว่า ผู้ต้องหาหรือจำเลยเป็นผู้วิกลจริตและไม่สามารถต่อสู้คดีได้ ให้พนักงานสอบสวนหรือศาล แล้วแต่กรณี สั่งให้พนักงานแพทย์ตรวจผู้นั้น...
tâa mii hèet kuuan chʉ̂ʉa wâa · pûu-dtɔ̂ng-hǎa rʉ̌ʉ jam-ləəi bpen pûu wí-gon-jà-rìt lɛ́ mâi sǎa-mâat dtɔ̀ɔ-sûu ká-dii dâai · hâi pá-nák-ngaan-sɔ̀ɔp-sǔuan rʉ̌ʉ sǎan · lɛ́ɛo-dtɛ̀ɛ-gɔɔ-rá-nii · sàng hâi pá-nák-ngaan pɛ̂ɛt dtrùuat pûu nán ...
If there is a reasonable cause to believe that the alleged offender or accused person is a person of unsound mind and is unable to defend [his] case, the inquiry officer or court, as the case may be, shall order a medical officer to examine such person...

1894 February 5, “พระราชบัญญัติตั้งศาลรับสั่งเปนการพิเศษครั้งหนึ่งสำหรับชำระคนในบังคับสยามที่ต้องหาว่า กระทำความร้ายผิดกฎหมายที่ทุ่งเชียงคำ แลที่แก่งเจ๊ก เมืองคำมวญ”, in ราชกิจจานุเบกษา, volume 40, number 46, Bangkok, page 500:
คนในบังคับสยามผู้ต้องหาว่า กระทำความร้ายผิดกฎหมายต่อคนในบังคับฝรั่งเศส
kon nai bang-káp sà-yǎam pûu dtɔ̂ng hǎa wâa · grà-tam kwaam-ráai pìt gòt-mǎai dtɔ̀ɔ kon nai bang-káp fà-ràng-sèet
persons under Siamese protection who were accused of having committed offences [or] breaches of law against people under French protection


以及

/i²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/jiː¹³ kʰɐp̚²/

/i²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰip̚⁵/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kip̚⁴/

/i⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kip̚²⁴/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kip̚¹²¹/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kip̚⁴/

/i⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kip̚⁴/

/ĩ⁵²⁻³⁵ kip̚⁴/

/i²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/jiː¹³ kʰɐp̚²/

/i²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰip̚⁵/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kip̚⁴/

/i⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kip̚²⁴/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kip̚¹²¹/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kip̚⁴/

/i⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kip̚⁴/

/ĩ⁵²⁻³⁵ kip̚⁴/


再說

/t͡saɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɔːi̯³³ syːt̚³/

/t͡saɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɔːi̯³³ syːt̚³/


արդ

Armenian: արդ (ard)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rti (“now”); cognate with Ancient Greek ἄρτι (árti) and Lithuanian arti (“near”).


čili

Jestli tohle všechno někdo udělal čili stvořil, pak, řekněme si to upřímně, je to úžasné mrhačství.

1922, Karel Čapek, Továrna na absolutno:

or (connecting title and a subtitle; connecting two specifications of the same object), also called, in other words

Koukni, Muso Arbanase, zdali nyní slunce vychází čili zachází.

1905–1907, Karel Jaromír Erben, Vybrané báje a pověsti národní jiných větví slovanských:


док

Likely borrowed from Serbo-Croatian док／dok.


док

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *do kъ, as if from до̏ + к.

док је чов(ј)ек млад, не брине о здрављу

while one is young, he doesn't care about health

овдј(е) ћу чекати док се она не врати

ми се бринемо за кућу, док је њему свеједно

we worry about the house, while he doesn't care at all


indem

Thomas hat das Geld verdient, indem er Limonade verkauft hat.

Thomas earned the money by selling lemonade.


solange

Ich werde dich unterstützen, solange ich lebe.


deng

Shortening of Indonesian dengan (“with”) and Malay dengan (“with”). Perhaps merged with Indonesian dan (“and”) and Malay dan (“and”) for the first sense.


макар

head

мака́р • (makár)

(followed by да (da) or че (če)) although, though


чим

(nonstandard) since (causal), given that


čim

Čim si blizu, nazovi me!

Doći ću čim mogu!

Reći ću mu čim stignem!

Čim ima oblaka, bit će i kiše.

Since there are clouds, it will also rain.


au fur et à mesure

LL-Q150 (fra)-DSwissK-au fur et à mesure.wav

La demande diminue toujours au fur et à mesure que le prix augmente.

The demand decreases in keeping with the price increase.

Les dénivelés se font plus importants au fur et à mesure que les Pyrénées approchent.

The sloping sections become progressively more pronounced as the Pyrenees are approached.

(idiomatic) in keeping with (progressively, in sequence)


けれど

Kōjien
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
Shinmura Izuru

Clipping of けれども (keredomo, “although, but”).
First attested in 1711.


אז

(nonstandard) Unpointed form of אַז (az).


berre

From Old Norse berr. See also berr. Cognate with English «bare» (minimal; naked).

Berre fekk eg henne, så ville alt blitt bra.

If I only got her, then all wood be good.


հանձին

հանձինս հանձինս#Armenian


հանձինս

head

հանձինս • (hanjins) (traditional orthography spelling յանձինս)

hanjins (romanization)
orthography spelling յանձինս (traditional)

From Old Armenian յանձինս (yanjins, “in persons”), which is the plural locative case of անձն (anjn, “person”). The form հանձին (hanjin) is from յանձին (yanjin, “in person”), the singular locative.

uder

հանձինս Վահագի մենք ունենք աշխարհի ամենասիրուն էակը

in the person of Vahag we have the most beautiful creature on Earth

hanjins Vahagi menkʻ unenkʻ ašxarhi amenasirun ēakə


však

Inherited from Old Czech všako, from Proto-Slavic *vьśako.

Byl tam on, já však ne

On tam však nebyl

To však není vše


дакле

да̏кле̄ (canonical)
dȁklē (romanization)


tena

Compare Egyptian Arabic تاني (tāni, [tɛːnɪ], “again”), from Arabic ثانٍ (ṯānin, “second”). The similarity may be coincidental, however.

[…] si chini ya miaka thelathini, mwembamba tena mrefu, hadharani wa rangi, kavaa koti na suruali namna moja, rangi ya kijivujivu,[…]

1973, Mohammed S. Abdulla, Duniani kuna watu, page 3:

[…] not less than thirty years old, thin and tall, fair-skinned, wearing grey jacket and pants of a kind, […]


parquoy

French: pourquoi


engang

at some unspecified time in the past when...


მითამ

Armenian: միթամ (mitʻam)

ვითომ ვითომ#Georgian

(dialectal, Kakheti, Pshavi) Alternative form of ვითომ (vitom)


לו

שֵׁשׁ וָחֵצִי, שֶׁבַע, שְׁמוֹנֶה, בֹּקֶר יוֹם רִאשׁוֹן / לֹא רוֹצֶה לִשְׁמֹעַ רַדְיוֹ, לֹא לִקְרֹא עִתּוֹן / עוֹד מְעַט עוֹמֵד לָרֶדֶת גֶּשֶׁם שִׁטָּפוֹן / לוּ יָכֹלְתִּי עַכְשָׁו רָק לִישֹׁן

1985, “בוקר יום ראשון [Sunday Morning]”, in Yaakov Gilad (lyrics), עיניים שלי [My Dearest], performed by Yehuda Poliker:

Six-thirty, seven, eight, on a Sunday Morning / I don't want to listen to the radio, nor read a newspaper / Soon torrential rain will start coming down / If only I could just sleep right now


զի

Accusative of ի- (i-), composed of nota accusativi զ- (z-) + ի- (i-)

Զի քո արքայութիւն եւ զօրութիւն եւ փառք յաւիտեանս: Ամէն:

For thine is the kingdom, the power, and the glory, for ever and ever. Amen.

Zi kʻo arkʻayutʻiwn ew zōrutʻiwn ew pʻaṙkʻ yawiteans: Amēn:

եւ զի

վասն զի

զի մի, զի մի երբէք

մի՛ դատիք, զի մի՛ դատիցիք

որպէս զի

in order that, that, to the end that, so that; because, for

է զի, էր զի

զի՞ է զի

what is the motive for which? why? what is it? why then?

իբրեւ զի, իբր զի

կարեւոր է զի

մի՛ զի կոյր էր եւ մի զի աղքատ էր

in the first place he was blind, in the next poor

մինչ զի

փոխանակ զի

for, because; in order that, to the end that; that


an if

Ye are the salt of the erthe. but and if the salt be once unsavery, what can be salted therwith?

1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Matthew:

Noting this penury, to my selfe I said, An if a man did need a poyson now, Whose sale is present death in Mantua, Here liues a Caitiffe wretch would sell it him.

c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:


s.t.

Given r s.t. r#x3C;n...

(mathematics) Abbreviation of such that.


éí doodaí éí

head

éí doodaí éí

éí doodaí éí

éí (“that”) + doodaí (“or else”) + éí (“that”)

affix

or, or else, if not, otherwise (Western Navajo)


co-dhiù

Tha mi coma co-dhiù a rinn thu sin no nach do rinn.


کجا

head

کُجا • (kojâ)

[kʰʊ.d͡ʒɑ́ː]

[kʰʊ.d͡ʒɑ́ː]

[kʰo.d͡ʒɒ́ː]

From Middle Persian [script needed] (AYK gywʾk' /kū gyāg/). By surface analysis, کو (ku, “where”) + جا (jâ, “place”).

surf

کجا یزدان امیدم را وفا کرد
بدین پیوند کامم را روا کرد

c. 1030, Fakhr al-Dīn Asʿad Gurgānī, ويس و رامين [Vīs u Rāmīn]:

Because God was loyal to my hope,
He permitted my desire through this bond.

kujā yazdān umēd-am rā wafā kard
bad-ĕn paywand kām-am rā rawā kard


پس

From Middle Persian 𐭯𐭮 (ps /pas/, “then, afterwards, behind”), from Old Persian 𐎱𐎿𐎠 (p-s-a /pasā/), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pasčáH, from Proto-Indo-European *pos-(sḱ)-kʷéh₁.


kc

From K, pronounced as ka + similarly pronounced English C.


ចាំ

From Proto-Mon-Khmer *cam ~ *caam (“to wait, watch”); cognate with Ngeq cam ("to watch; look after; to wait for"), Vietnamese chăm (“diligent”). Compare Thai จำ (jam).

just wait until (+ clause), just let (+ clause)


從而

/t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ jiː²¹/

/t͡siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² li²⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ¹³⁻²² d͡zi¹³/

/t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ d͡zɯ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ jiː²¹/

/t͡siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² li²⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ¹³⁻²² d͡zi¹³/

/t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ d͡zɯ⁵⁵/


此外

/t͡sʰz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ waɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiː³⁵ ŋɔːi̯²²/

/t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡua⁴¹/

/t͡sʰu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡua²²/

/t͡sʰu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡua³³/

/t͡sʰu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡua³³/

/t͡sʰz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ waɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiː³⁵ ŋɔːi̯²²/

/t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡua⁴¹/

/t͡sʰu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡua²²/

/t͡sʰu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡua³³/

/t͡sʰu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡua³³/

besides; moreover; in addition; furthermore


але

head

але́ • (aljé)


але

кинош але театрыш каена?

should we go to the cinema or to the theater?

юж коштмаш, але мардеж, пӱртӱсыштӧ кугу верым налын шога

the movement of air, or wind, plays an important role in nature

juž koštmaš, aĺe mardež, pürtüsyštö kugu verym nalyn šoga


але

але́ • (alé)

Inherited from Old Ukrainian але (ale), алѣ (ali), from Proto-Slavic *ale. By surface analysis, а (a) + ле (le).


keza

From Ottoman Turkish كذا (keza), from Arabic كَذَا (kaḏā)


харын

харын • (xarın)

From Mongolic. Compare Mongolian харин (xarin, “but”).

Ол адазынга эвес, харын-даа авазынга дөмей.

He resembles not his father, but his mother.

Ol adazınga eves, xarın-daa avazınga dömey.


oswa

From French soit... soit (“either... or”).


jestli

Inherited from Old Czech jestli. By surface analysis, jest + -li. Compare Polish jeśli, Russian е́сли (jésli).

Zeptej se ho, jestli přijde.

Jestli přijde, zeptám se ho.

Introduces a subordinate content clause; whether


jestli

Czech: jestli

Univerbation of jest + li. Compare Old Polish jestli.

Introduces a subordinate content clause; whether, if


jestli

Polish: jeśli

Silesian: jeśli

desc

→ Old Ruthenian: єсли (jesli), єсьли (jesʹli), єстли (jestli), єстьли (jestʹli)

→ Russian: если (jesli)

Univerbation of jest + li. Compare Old Czech jestli. First attested in the 15th century.

Mnye wthoremu *dzeye luthy. Geszlisz nag, przyodzey[ey] [bo]thy

1927 [c. 1455], Kazimierz Dobrowolski, editor, Przyczynki do dziejów średniowiecznej kultury polskiej z rękopisu szczyrzyckiego, Szczyrzyc, page 324:

Wstan, mystrzv, othpovyecz, gyesthly vmyesz, za po polskv nye *roszvnyesz

1901 [1463-1465], Jan Rozwadowski, editor, De morte prologus [Rozmowa mistrza Polikarpa ze śmiercią], Mierzeniec, Płock, line 81:

Gestly we sswadze Pyotr Iana vranyl, tedi Ianowo swiadeczstwo ma bycz przypvsczono

1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I, Lesser Poland, page 23:

Yeszlysz szyn boszy (si filius dei es Mat 4, 3), rzekny, yszeby kamyenye tho chlebem szyą stalo

1928 [End of the fifteenth century], Jan Janów, editor, Zespół ewangelijny Biblioteki Ordynacji Zamoyskich nr 1116, Warsaw, page 300:

(attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia) introduces a conditional; if

Nye wybyeray yvnochv ywnochy z czwdnyma oczyma, alye szlwchay, yestly dobra yesth, czychyma wchoma

1874-1891 [End of the fifteenth century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, Zator, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, page 145:

(attested in Lesser Poland) introduces a subordinate content clause; whether


lorsqu'

Lorsqu'il était jeune, son meilleur ami était son chat.

(before a vowel) Apocopic form of lorsque; when


จะ

Compare Lao ຈະ (cha), ຈັກ (chak), Lü ᦈᧅ (ṫsak).

used to introduce alternatives: whether; either; etc.


เป็น

From Proto-Tai *m̩.pelᴬ (“to be; to become”). Cognate with Isan เป็น, Lao ເປັນ (pen), Northern Thai ᨸᩮ᩠ᨶ, Lü ᦔᦲᧃ (ṗiin), Tai Dam ꪹꪜꪸꪙ, Tai Dón ꪜꪲꪙ, Shan ပဵၼ် (pǎen), Tai Nüa ᥙᥥᥢ (pen), Ahom 𑜈𑜢𑜃𑜫 (bin), Zhuang baenz, Saek พั๊น, Zuojiang Zhuang binz.


cô

introduces a subordinate clause; that; in order to


كأنما

ar-con

كَأَنَّمَا • (kaʔannamā)

كَأَنَّمَا (canonical)
kaʔannamā (romanization)

af

كَأَنَّ (kaʔanna) + مَا (mā)

[…] مَنْ قَتَلَ نَفْسًا بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ أَوْ فَسَادٍ فِي ٱلْأَرْضِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَتَلَ ٱلنَّاسَ جَمِيعًا وَمَنْ أَحْيَاهَا فَكَأَنَّمَا أَحْيَا ٱلنَّاسَ جَمِيعًا […]

...whoever kills a soul unless for a soul or for corruption done in the land – it is as if he had slain mankind entirely. And whoever saves one – it is as if he had saved mankind entirely...

[…] man qatala nafsan biḡayri nafsin ʔaw fasādin fī l-ʔarḍi fa-kaʔannamā qatala n-nāsa jamīʕan wa-man ʔaḥyāhā fa-kaʔannamā ʔaḥyā n-nāsa jamīʕan […]


словно

head

сло́вно • (slóvno)

сло́вно (canonical)
slóvno (romanization)

Они́ дви́жутся, не прилага́я уси́лий, испо́льзуя ми́нимум во́здуха, поднима́ясь, опуска́ясь и́ли зависа́я, сло́вно по веле́нию мы́сли.

They glide effortlessly, use less air, and ascend, descend or hover, almost as if by the power of thought.

Oní dvížutsja, ne prilagája usílij, ispólʹzuja mínimum vózduxa, podnimájasʹ, opuskájasʹ íli zavisája, slóvno po veléniju mýsli.

Дере́вья кре́пкие, сло́вно сама́ны, затверде́вшие под горя́чим со́лнцем.

The trees are sturdy, like adobe bricks hardened under the hot sun.

Derévʹja krépkije, slóvno samány, zatverdévšije pod gorjáčim sólncem.

Не́бо бы́ло бело́(/бе́ло), сло́вно в пурге́.
Nébo býlo beló(/bélo), slóvno v purgé.
The sky was white, as if there were a blizzard.


'coz

Informal spelling of 'cause (“because”).


tại

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-tại.wav

Tại tôi không biết. Xin lỗi nhé.


另外

/liŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ waɪ̯⁵¹/

/lɪŋ²² ŋɔːi̯²²/

/len³² ᵑɡᵘɔi³²/

/len³² ᵑɡᵘɔi³²⁻³²⁵/

/naŋ⁵⁵ ŋoi̯⁵⁵/

/laŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋoɪ⁵³/

/lĩŋ⁴⁵ vai⁴⁵/

/liɪŋ²²⁻²¹ ɡua²²/

/liɪŋ⁴¹⁻²² ɡua⁴¹/

/liɪŋ²²⁻²¹ ɡua²²/

/liɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ ɡua³³/

/liɪŋ³³⁻²¹ ɡua³³/

/leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ɡua¹¹/

/lin²¹⁻¹¹ u̯ai̯²¹⁻¹¹/

/liŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ waɪ̯⁵¹/

/lɪŋ²² ŋɔːi̯²²/

/len³² ᵑɡᵘɔi³²/

/len³² ᵑɡᵘɔi³²⁻³²⁵/

/naŋ⁵⁵ ŋoi̯⁵⁵/

/laŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋoɪ⁵³/

/lĩŋ⁴⁵ vai⁴⁵/

/liɪŋ²²⁻²¹ ɡua²²/

/liɪŋ⁴¹⁻²² ɡua⁴¹/

/liɪŋ²²⁻²¹ ɡua²²/

/liɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ ɡua³³/

/liɪŋ³³⁻²¹ ɡua³³/

/leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ɡua¹¹/

/lin²¹⁻¹¹ u̯ai̯²¹⁻¹¹/

This issue is very complicated. In addition, I think it must have a lot of other factors.

Zhège wèntí hěn fùzá, lìngwài wǒ juéde tā yīdìng hái yǒu qítā de yīnsù.

這個問題很複雜，另外我覺得它一定還有其他的因素。

这个问题很复杂，另外我觉得它一定还有其他的因素。


nagh

From Old Irish nach, from Proto-Celtic *nekʷos (“someone, something”).

inh

Bare lhiam nagh beagh eh myr shen.

Cha nel blein erbee goll shaghey nagh screeuys eh hooin.

Never a year passes that he doesn't write to us.

Cha vel fer erbee cha bouyr as eshyn nagh jean clashtyn.

There is none so deaf as he that will not hear.

Cre ta jannoo er nagh vel eh çheet?

What is wrong with him that he does not come?

Hug mee ersyn dy hoiggal nagh lhisagh eh goll.

I made it clear to him that he shouldn't go.


пусть

head

пусть • (pustʹ)

Он хоро́ший рабо́тник, пусть и своенра́вный

On xoróšij rabótnik, pustʹ i svojenrávnyj


nehogy

Gyorsabban futok, nehogy elkapjon.


онда

From the earlier form *onъgda by analogy with *tъgda (compare та̀да̄).


只要

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡siː³⁵ jiːu̯³³/

/t͡sɨ³¹ i̯eu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iau²¹/

/t͡si⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ iau⁴¹/

/t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iau²¹/

/t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iau¹¹/

/t͡si⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ iau²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡siː³⁵ jiːu̯³³/

/t͡sɨ³¹ i̯eu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iau²¹/

/t͡si⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ iau⁴¹/

/t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iau²¹/

/t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iau¹¹/

/t͡si⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ iau²¹/

Difficulties can be overcome so long as you have confidence.

只要有信心，困難必戰勝。

只要有信心，困难必战胜。

As long as the family can be reunited, I am willing to endure any kind of hardship that comes my way.

Zhǐyào yījiārén néng tuánjù, shòu duōshǎo zuì, chī duōshǎo kǔ, wǒ dōu bùpà.

只要一家人能團聚，受多少罪，吃多少苦，我都不怕。

只要一家人能团聚，受多少罪，吃多少苦，我都不怕。

只要功夫深，鐵杵磨成針／只要功夫深，铁杵磨成针

zhǐyào gōngfu shēn, tiěchǔ mó chéng zhēn

只要目的正當，可以不擇手段／只要目的正当，可以不择手段

zhǐyào mùdì zhèngdàng, kěyǐ bùzéshǒuduàn


јер

Ми смо овд(ј)е јер је један серијски убојица/убица у б(иј)егу

We happen to be here because there is a serial killer on the loose.

Јер стално понављаш једно те исто.

'Cause you say the same thing over and over again.

Сви су мртви јер су тражили мене.

They' re all dead because they looked for me.

Нека све слободне д(ј)евојке крену на терасу јер младенка ће бацити букет.

Can we have all the single ladies out on the terrace for the tossing of the bride' s bouquet?


နဲ့

သူနဲ့ သူမ

ပြတိုက်နဲ့ စာကြည့်တိုက်

(colloquial) and (connects two nouns or pronouns)


kesa

Pronunciation spelling
pronunciation spelling


wherethan

Then Miriam wept passing sore wherethan naught could be more, making sure of separation, and cried to the druggist's wife, “O my mother, said I not to thee that my lord Nur al-Din had been tricked into selling me? […]

1885, Richard Francis Burton, One Thousand and One Nights:


ενόσω

ενόσω • (enóso)

el-conjunction

ενόσω • (enóso)

ενώσω (enóso)

Phrase from Ancient Greek ἐν ὅσῳ (en hósōi).


ενώ

Inherited from Byzantine Greek ἐνῶ (enô), from Ancient Greek ἐν ᾧ (en hôi).

inh+

Σφύριζε ενώ δούλευε.

Ο Κώστας βαρέθηκε να περιμένει, ενώ ήξερε πως δεν ήταν ποτέ στην ώρα της.

Costas was bored with waiting, although he knew that she was never on time.

O Kóstas varéthike na periménei, enó íxere pos den ítan poté stin óra tis.


in that

This essay is a good one in that it comprehensively outlines all the major arguments on this issue.

Some things they do in that they are men […]; some things in that they are men misled and blinded with error.

1594–1597, Richard Hooker, edited by J[ohn] S[penser], Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, […], London: […] Will[iam] Stansby [for Matthew Lownes], published 1611, →OCLC, (please specify the page):

In the fact that; in the sense that; for the cause or reason that; because.


'r

1967-1969, Lou Sullivan, personal diary, quoted in 2019, Ellis Martin, Zach Ozma (editors), We Both Laughed In Pleasure
One big tuffie stood there actin like Joe Coolie ’r sumthin.

(informal) Alternative form of or, representing an unstressed pronunciation.


puisqu'

(before vowel sound) Apocopic form of puisque


quoiqu'

(before vowel sound) Apocopic form of quoique


une fois

Une fois qu’elle l’aura vu, elle le comprendra.

Once she’s seen it, she'll understand it.

With que, introducing a full clause in the perfect aspect.

Une fois le déjeuner fini, vous pourrez remonter.

Introducing a reduced passive-voice clause consisting only of a subject plus a past participle phrase.

Une fois les professeurs arrivés, les élèves expliquèrent tout.

Once the teachers had arrived, the students explained everything.

Introducing a reduced perfect-aspect clause consisting only of a subject plus a past participle phrase (provided that the verb is one that forms the perfect aspect with être).

Une fois sortie de cette maison, elle se sentit libérée.

Once she was out of that house, she felt liberated.

Introducing a reduced clause in either of the above senses, consisting only a past participle phrase, its subject being implied.

2018, Zaz, on s'en remet jamais
Est-ce que tout ce que l’on se promet a pu se perdre dans un désert ? Ne reste-t-il que des poussières une fois que l’amour est absent.

Could everything we hoped for have been lost in a desert? Nothing but dust remains once the love is lost.


隨便

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ pi̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ piːn²²⁻³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ piːn²²/

/suɪ¹¹ pʰiɛn⁵³/

/sui⁵³⁻²¹ piɛŋ²⁴²/

/sui²⁴⁻²² piɛn²²/

/sui²⁴⁻²² piɛn⁴¹/

/sui¹³⁻²² piɛn²²/

/sui²⁴⁻¹¹ piɛn³³/

/sui²³⁻³³ piɛn³³/

/sui⁵⁵⁻¹¹ piaŋ³⁵/

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ pi̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ piːn²²⁻³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ piːn²²/

/suɪ¹¹ pʰiɛn⁵³/

/sui⁵³⁻²¹ piɛŋ²⁴²/

/sui²⁴⁻²² piɛn²²/

/sui²⁴⁻²² piɛn⁴¹/

/sui¹³⁻²² piɛn²²/

/sui²⁴⁻¹¹ piɛn³³/

/sui²³⁻³³ piɛn³³/

/sui⁵⁵⁻¹¹ piaŋ³⁵/

no matter (what, how, etc.); regardless of; whether


conciossiaché

con (“how”, archaic variant of com, apocopic form of come) + ciò (“this”) + sia (“be”, 3ʳᵈ-person singular present subjunctive of essere) + che (“that”).

compound

3ʳᵈ-person singular present subjunctive of <i class="Latn mention" lang="it">essere</i>


jednak

Clipping of jednako, from Old Polish jednako. First attested in 1500–1547.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “jednak”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

Tamen coniunctio, Wſzákże/ yednák wżdy.

tu tamen perge ut coepisti, Ty yednák pochadzay przedſię yákoś pocżął.

Verum coniunctio, Ale/ wżdy/ yednák.

(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain.


θ'

Apocopic form of τε (te) (used before a rough breathing)


kemm

Irrid kemm irrid.

Xorbu kemm birra kif ukoll inbid.

both; optionally introduces the first element in the construction “both A and B”, “A as well as B”


bt

(Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of but.


кад

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kogъda, a compound of *ko (from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos) and *gъda, genitive singular of *godъ (compare Old Church Slavonic годъ (godŭ, “right time”)), thus originally meaning "at what time".

Кад ћеш доћи?

Не знам кад ћу стићи на састанак.

I don't know when I will arrive at the meeting.

Само што је пала ноћ, кад поче киша.

The nigh has just fallen, when the rain began.

Кад бих само имао мало више слободног времена...

If only I had a little more free time...

кад(а) год

мало кад

кад-тад

(т)ко зна кад


方始

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː³⁵/

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː³⁵/


până

Inherited from Latin paene ad (“almost to”). Compare Aromanian pãnã.


因而

/in⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵/

/jɐn⁵⁵ jiː²¹/

/in⁴⁴⁻²² li²⁴/

/in⁴⁴⁻³³ li²⁴/

/in⁴⁴⁻³³ zi²³/

/in⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zi¹³/

/iŋ³³⁻²³ d͡zɯ⁵⁵/

/in⁵⁵ ɦəl²¹/

/in⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵/

/jɐn⁵⁵ jiː²¹/

/in⁴⁴⁻²² li²⁴/

/in⁴⁴⁻³³ li²⁴/

/in⁴⁴⁻³³ zi²³/

/in⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zi¹³/

/iŋ³³⁻²³ d͡zɯ⁵⁵/

/in⁵⁵ ɦəl²¹/


譬若

/pʰi⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/pʰi⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹/


much less

Of the thing that sustains him through trials man has no inkling, much less knowledge, at the time.

1927-29, M.K. Gandhi, The Story of My Experiments with Truth, translated 1940 by Mahadev Desai, Part I, Chapter xxi

Why, not even a little bird or a tiny butterfly comes here, much less a human being!

1919, Parker Hoysted Fillmore, The Three Citrons:

1895. M.K. Gandhi, Petition to Natal Legislative Assembly
It is hopeless for him to return to India and expect to earn bread, much less to make a fortune.

We had not at Chattanooga animals to pull a single piece of artillery, much less a supply train.

1886, Ulysses S. Grant, Personal Memoirs of U. S. Grant:

(idiomatic) Let alone; to say nothing of.


לכי

תׄם קאל אללה למוסי אדכׄל אלי פרעון פאני קד קוית קלבה וקלב קואדה לכי אחל אפאתי הדׄה בהם׃

c. 10th century, Saadia Gaon, Tafsir, 10:1:

Then God said to Moses: Come to Pharaoh for I have just strengthened his heart and the heart of his commanders so that I might set upon them these my plagues.

ṯumma qāla llāhu limūsā dḵul ʔilā firʕawna faʔinnī qad qawwaytu qalbahu wa-qalba quwwādihi likay ʔuḥilla ʔāfātī hāḏihi bahum.

لِكَيْ لكي#Arabic

Judeo-Arabic spelling of لِكَيْ (likay, “so that, in order that”)


一經

/i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/jɐt̚⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/it̚³²⁻⁵ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/it̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiɪŋ³³/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/jɐt̚⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/it̚³²⁻⁵ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/it̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiɪŋ³³/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/


更不用說

ㄍㄥˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄩㄥˋ ㄕㄨㄛ

gèng bùyòng shuō [Phonetic:gèng búyòng shuō]

/kɤŋ⁵¹ pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ jʊŋ⁵¹ ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/kɐŋ³³ pɐt̚⁵ jʊŋ²² syːt̚³/

/kɤŋ⁵¹ pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ jʊŋ⁵¹ ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/kɐŋ³³ pɐt̚⁵ jʊŋ²² syːt̚³/


要不是

/jɑʊ̯⁵¹ pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/jɑʊ̯⁵¹ b̥u¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/jiːu̯³³ pɐt̚⁵ siː²²/

/iau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ put̚⁵⁻²⁴ si²²/

/iau²¹⁻⁵³ put̚³²⁻⁵ si²²/

/iau²¹⁻⁵³ put̚³²⁻⁴ si²²/

/jɑʊ̯⁵¹ pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/jɑʊ̯⁵¹ b̥u¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/jiːu̯³³ pɐt̚⁵ siː²²/

/iau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ put̚⁵⁻²⁴ si²²/

/iau²¹⁻⁵³ put̚³²⁻⁵ si²²/

/iau²¹⁻⁵³ put̚³²⁻⁴ si²²/

If you hadn't have taken me in, where could I have gone?

Yàobùshì nín shōuliú wǒ, wǒ hái néng shàng nǎr qù ya?

要不是您收留我，我還能上哪兒去呀？

要不是您收留我，我还能上哪儿去呀？


ligesom

From lige (“equally”) + som (“as, like”). Compare Norwegian Nynorsk liksom, Swedish liksom.


豈但

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ tän⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ tän⁵¹/


雖說

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ syːt̚³/

/sui⁴⁴⁻²² seʔ³²/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ syːt̚³/

/sui⁴⁴⁻²² seʔ³²/


si et seulement si

LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-si et seulement si.wav

(mathematics, logic) if and only if (implies and is implied by)


要不然

/jɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/

/jɑʊ̯⁵¹ b̥u¹ ʐän³⁵/

/jiːu̯³³ pɐt̚⁵ jiːn²¹/

/iau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ put̚⁵⁻²⁴ liɛn²⁴/

/iau²¹⁻⁵³ put̚³²⁻⁴ liɛn²⁴/

/iau²¹⁻⁵³ put̚³²⁻⁵ d͡ziɛn¹³/

/jɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹ ʐän³⁵/

/jɑʊ̯⁵¹ b̥u¹ ʐän³⁵/

/jiːu̯³³ pɐt̚⁵ jiːn²¹/

/iau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ put̚⁵⁻²⁴ liɛn²⁴/

/iau²¹⁻⁵³ put̚³²⁻⁴ liɛn²⁴/

/iau²¹⁻⁵³ put̚³²⁻⁵ d͡ziɛn¹³/


në

From Proto-Albanian *ana, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enō (“along a slanted surface, etc.”), from *h₂én (“on, upon, onto, up to”). Cognate to Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, “on, upwards, along”), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌰 (ana, “on, in, against, because of, about”), English on, and Old Prussian no, na (“on (where), against, about there”).

cog

në më do, mos më plas


like as

Thou shalt come to thy grave in a full age, like as a shock of corn cometh in in his season.

(archaic) Just as; in the same way as; even as.


gun luaidh

gun luaidh air a' ghinealach òg


тогда как

head

тогда́ как • (togdá kak)

тогда́ как (canonical)
togdá kak (romanization)

Ru-тогда как.ogg

whereas (but in contrast; whilst on the contrary…)


accussì

From Vulgar Latin *eccum sīc, from Latin eccum + sīc. Closely parallel to Catalan així. Compare also Dalmatian coisa, French ainsi, Friulian cussì, Italian così, Istriot cussèi, Portuguese assim, Romanian așa, Spanish así.


けれども

Originally a compound of けれ (kere, not found in isolation; meaning roughly “be that as it may”) + ども (domo, conjunctive particle introducing a contrary condition).
Etymology details
* The former kere part has multiple possible derivations:
*# The 已然形 (izenkei, “realis form”) suffix for classical -ku adjectives (modern -i adjectives)
*# The 已然形 (izenkei, “realis form”) suffix for classical negative supposition auxiliary verb まじ (maji)
*# The 已然形 (izenkei, “realis form”) of classical past recollective auxiliary verb けり (keri)
: Auxiliary verb maji conjugates almost identically to a classical -ku adjective, so 1 and 2 above can be broadly viewed together. This theory is somewhat flawed, in that the regular realis form of classical -ku adjectives would be not -kere, but rather -kare (as the fusion of adverbial ending -ku + the realis form are of classical copular or “to be” verb あり (ari), modern ある (aru)). There are historical examples of -ku + are fusing into -kere, but these appear to be restricted to early modern Japanese in the Kyoto area, while keredomo appears in the late middle Japanese period and was not restricted to Kyoto.
: The realis form of past recollective auxiliary verb keri was likewise formed by fusion, combining ki with the realis form are of existence verb あり (ari, “to be”). There are other documented examples of the diphthong ia changing into e, so the shift from ki + are to kere would not be unexpected. Some theories point towards the ki element being the past recollective auxiliary verb ki, but this had no known continuative form (for joining to following verbs). Other theories suggest that this was the continuative stem form ki of Old Japanese verb 来 (ku, “to come”), which would fit grammatically, with the compound presumably meaning “having come to be, having come into being”. Compare English be that as it may.
* The latter domo part was itself originally a compound of ど (do, conjunctive particle introducing a contrary condition) + も (mo, “even, also”, particle). The do conjunctive particle grammatically requires that the preceding conjugation be in the realis form, and this is indeed the form used for the preceding kere portion of keredomo.

compound

けどさあ、よく考えてみたらキモくね？

Kedo sā, yoku kangaete mitara kimoku ne?

But when you think about it though, isn't it kinda disgusting?

(formal) however; be that as it may; but


وا

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit वा (vā).


azaz

Holnap, azaz szombaton, kitakarítom a lakást.

Tomorrow, i.e. Saturday, I will clean the house.

that is, i.e. (in other words; used as a confirmation or interpretation of a statement to express agreement or identity)

Ilyen alkalmakkor (azaz karácsonykor, húsvétkor, születésnapokon) mindig összejön a család.

On such occasions (i.e. Christmas, Easter, birthdays) the family always gets together.

that is, i.e., namely, specifically (used before listing, as an introduction to a more detailed explanation)

A: Egyedül mentél moziba? B: Igen, azaz nem. A barátaim is ott voltak.

A: Did you go to the movies alone? B: Yes, that is, no. My friends were there too.

that is, I mean, rather (used as a correction, an introduction to withdrawal, invalidation or modification of a previous claim)


noor

From Middle English nother, from Old English nāhwæþer.

Ar aany noor dhing at woode comfoort mee,

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 104:

Or any other thing that would comfort me,


alsook

Afrikaans: asook


ock

From Old Swedish ok, from Old Norse auk.


inda

From Old Galician-Portuguese inda, ynda. Further etymology is debated.

unk

debated


зато што

нисам дошао зато што сам био болестан

Зашто си тако тужна? Зато што одлазиш..

Why are you so sad? Because you're leaving..


зато да

закони служе зато да би се кршили


zato da

Zakoni postoji zato da se očuva mir.

Laws exist so that peace can be preserved.

(informal, proscribed) so that, in order to


wheresoeer

/ˌʍɝ.səʊˈɛːɹ/


less'n

Probably from unless than or an; compare if'n (“if”).

You shouldn't feed that dog, less'n you want him followin' you home.

(Southern US, African-American Vernacular) Unless.


cha mhò

cha mhò chunnaic iad mise


ealswa

/ˈæ͜ɑlˌswɑː/


eallswa

Middle English: as, ase, als, os, also

English: as, also

Early Scots: allswa

Middle Scots: alswa

Scots: als, alsa, alse

/ˈæ͜ɑllˌswɑː/

[ˈæ͜ɑɫˌswɑː]

From Proto-West Germanic *allswā, equivalent to eall + swā. Cognate with Old Frisian alsa (“all so”), Old Saxon also (“all so”), Old High German alsō (“so, all so”).


ثم

ar-con

ثُمَّ • (ṯumma)

→ Ottoman Turkish: ثم (sümme)

then, afterward, subsequently; used to indicate order of time, being later occurring, or even in lesser degree of impressiveness

and again; used when repeating a word or short phrase in order to emphasize it

أَعْجَبَنِي مَا صَنَعْتَ اليَوْمَ ثُمَّ مَا صَنَعْتَ أَمْسِ أَعْجَبُ

What you did today caused me to be impressed; accordingly what you did yesterday was most impressive.

ʔaʕjabanī mā ṣanaʕta l-yawma ṯumma mā ṣanaʕta ʔamsi ʔaʕjabu

and so or also, likewise, accordingly, moreover, furthermore, additionally so; used to denote a speaker's order of enunciation, not indicating a sequence or delay of occurrence between two statements


como se

Como se ele pudesse vencer...

as if (ironically denoting something unlikely)


ʻàhn

ǁûm ʻàhn ǀ`a̰lu-tê ʻàhn
springbok and wildebeest

conjunction for coordinated nouns or noun phrases


niinkuin

(now proscribed) Alternative form of niin kuin


niin kuin

Vanha mies kompuroi, niin kuin olisi kaatumaisillaan.

The old man stumbled, as if he were about to fall.

Olen niin kuin en olisi kuullutkaan tuota!

as if, as though (in a manner suggesting)

Kun opettajan selkä kääntyi, luokan pelle piteli vatsaansa niin kuin voisi pahoin.

When the teacher's back was turned, the class clown would hold his stomach as if he were ill.

Älkää tehkö niin kuin minä teen, tehkää niin kuin minä sanon.

as, like (the same way; always followed by something compared to)

as in (with abbreviations, especially single-letter abbreviations), is for, stands for


awwer

Cognate to German aber, German Low German awer and Hunsrik awer.


բա

ասացի բա՛...


բամ

Armenian: բաս (bas), բա (ba)

ասացի բամ...


if so be

(archaic) If; if it happen (that); supposing that.


quhether

Then the nixt cair man be to try your faith, and to see quhether ye have faith, or not.

1843, Robert Bruce, Robert Wodrow, Sermons:


niech

Inherited from Old Polish niech. By surface analysis, clipping of niechaj. Compare Czech nechť, Serbo-Croatian neka, Ukrainian неха́й (nexáj), and Upper Sorbian njech.

surf

(Middle Polish) creates a subordinate clause expressing desire or wish; to, so that, for that, in order to

(Middle Polish) creates a conditional; if


除非

/ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ feɪ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ fei̯⁵⁵/

/tu²³⁻³³ hui⁴⁴/

/tu²⁴⁻¹¹ hui⁴⁴/

/tu²⁴⁻²² hui⁴⁴/

/tɯ²⁴⁻²² hui³³/

/ti²⁴⁻²² hui³³/

/ti¹³⁻²² hui⁴⁴/

/tɯ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hui³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ feɪ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ fei̯⁵⁵/

/tu²³⁻³³ hui⁴⁴/

/tu²⁴⁻¹¹ hui⁴⁴/

/tu²⁴⁻²² hui⁴⁴/

/tɯ²⁴⁻²² hui³³/

/ti²⁴⁻²² hui³³/

/ti¹³⁻²² hui⁴⁴/

/tɯ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hui³³/

除非另有說明

除非另有说明


kì

Sino-Vietnamese word from 期 (“period, term”).


ook al

Ook al investeert de regering, de crisis lijkt onafwendbaar.

Even if the government invests, crisis seems inevitable.

We zijn goed bezig, ook al zeggen ze van niet.

We are doing things right, even though people say we’re not.


óir

From Middle Irish ór, from Old Irish hóre.


čeprav

although, even though (in spite of the fact that)


αν και

Αν και δε συμφωνώ, θα το κάνω.

although, while, though (in spite of the fact that)


sementara

From Malay sementara, from Sanskrit समान्तर (samāntara, “parallel, interval of a year”).


þey

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of þouȝ (“though”)


nemcsak

Coordinate term: (but also) hanem …… is


অথবা

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अथवा (athavā), from अथ (atha) + वा (vā).


কিন্তু

head

কিন্তু • (kintu)

Borrowed from Sanskrit किन्तु (kintu, “but”).

bor+

মোৰ ভোক লাগিছে, কিন্তু মই ৰুটি না খাওঁ এতিয়া।

I am hungry but I don't want to eat roti now.

mür bhük lagise, kintu moi ruti na khaü̃ etia.


কিন্তু

head

কিন্তু • (kintu)

bn-conjunction

কিন্তু • (kintu)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit किन्तु (kintu, “but”), a compound of किम् (kim, “what”) + तु (tu, “or, but”).

lbor

আমার ক্ষুধা লেগেছে, কিন্তু আমি এখন রুটি খাবো না।

I am hungry but I will not eat roti now.

amar khudha legeche, kintu ami ekhôn ruṭi khabo na.


এবং

Borrowed from Sanskrit एवम् (evam, “so, thus”). Cognate with Hindi एवं (evã).