See xeer on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "xeer (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1977, David D Laitin, Politics, language, and thought: the Somali experience:",
"text": "It arranges for settlement of collective debts, discusses xeer dealings with central authorities, maintains the group wells, and protects grazing areas.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Walter Dostal, Wolfgang Kraus, Shattering tradition: custom, law and the individual in the Muslim Mediterranean:",
"text": "In rural areas, there is still confusion between xeer and shari'a.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Lars Buur, Helene Maria Kyed, State recognition and democratization in Sub-Saharan Africa:",
"text": "The key feature of the xeer is its common law character...",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The traditional legal system of Somalia, believed to predate Islam, in which elders serve as mediators and people are responsible for the actions of their families."
],
"id": "en-xeer-en-noun-mot8zRdU",
"links": [
[
"traditional",
"traditional"
],
[
"legal",
"legal"
],
[
"Somalia",
"Somalia"
],
[
"predate",
"predate"
],
[
"Islam",
"Islam"
],
[
"elder",
"elder"
],
[
"mediator",
"mediator"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"wikipedia": [
"xeer"
]
}
],
"word": "xeer"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ff",
"2": "hayre",
"3": "",
"4": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Fula hayre (“stone”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly cognate with Fula hayre (“stone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "form xeer wi",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wo",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite form",
"4": "xeer wi",
"f1request": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "xeer (definite form xeer wi)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wi"
},
"expansion": "xeer (definite form xeer wi)",
"name": "wo-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Wolof",
"lang_code": "wo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Wolof entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stone, rock"
],
"id": "en-xeer-wo-noun-McMaRgtK",
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
],
[
"rock",
"rock"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Wo-xeer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/Wo-xeer.ogg/Wo-xeer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Wo-xeer.ogg"
}
],
"word": "xeer"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "xeer (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1977, David D Laitin, Politics, language, and thought: the Somali experience:",
"text": "It arranges for settlement of collective debts, discusses xeer dealings with central authorities, maintains the group wells, and protects grazing areas.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Walter Dostal, Wolfgang Kraus, Shattering tradition: custom, law and the individual in the Muslim Mediterranean:",
"text": "In rural areas, there is still confusion between xeer and shari'a.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Lars Buur, Helene Maria Kyed, State recognition and democratization in Sub-Saharan Africa:",
"text": "The key feature of the xeer is its common law character...",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The traditional legal system of Somalia, believed to predate Islam, in which elders serve as mediators and people are responsible for the actions of their families."
],
"links": [
[
"traditional",
"traditional"
],
[
"legal",
"legal"
],
[
"Somalia",
"Somalia"
],
[
"predate",
"predate"
],
[
"Islam",
"Islam"
],
[
"elder",
"elder"
],
[
"mediator",
"mediator"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"wikipedia": [
"xeer"
]
}
],
"word": "xeer"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ff",
"2": "hayre",
"3": "",
"4": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Fula hayre (“stone”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly cognate with Fula hayre (“stone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "form xeer wi",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wo",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite form",
"4": "xeer wi",
"f1request": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "xeer (definite form xeer wi)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wi"
},
"expansion": "xeer (definite form xeer wi)",
"name": "wo-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Wolof",
"lang_code": "wo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Wolof entries with incorrect language header",
"Wolof lemmas",
"Wolof nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"stone, rock"
],
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
],
[
"rock",
"rock"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Wo-xeer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/Wo-xeer.ogg/Wo-xeer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Wo-xeer.ogg"
}
],
"word": "xeer"
}
Download raw JSONL data for xeer meaning in All languages combined (2.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.