See wnpšk' on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for wnpšk' meaning in All languages combined (12.3kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mazanderani ونوشه (vanūše)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "بنفشه",
"tr": "banafše"
},
"expansion": "Persian: بنفشه (banafše)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: بنفشه (banafše)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "av",
"2": "мана́рша",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Avar: мана́рша (manárša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Avar: мана́рша (manárša)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "bənövşə",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: bənövşə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: bənövşə"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "миләүшә",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bashkir: миләүшә (miləwşə)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bashkir: миләүшә (miləwşə)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "গুলবনফ্শা",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bengali: গুলবনফ্শা (gulbonophśa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bengali: গুলবনফ্শা (gulbonophśa)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Central Iranian dialects:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gzi",
"2": "benapše"
},
"expansion": "Gazi: benapše",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gazi: benapše"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kafruni: benewše"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kasha’i: benafša"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Qohrudi: benawša"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "siy",
"2": "benafše"
},
"expansion": "Sivandi: benafše",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sivandi: benafše"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Vonishuni: benafša"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Zefra’i: bönowše"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "બનફશા",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Gujarati: બનફશા (banaphśā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Gujarati: બનફશા (banaphśā)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "बनफ़्शा"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: बनफ़्शा (banafśā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: बनफ़्शा (banafśā)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "بنفشہ",
"tr": "banafša"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: بنفشہ (banafša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: بنفشہ (banafša)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: binefş, benefş, binevş"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lbe",
"2": "банавша",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lak: банавша (banawša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lak: банавша (banawša)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lez",
"2": "бене́вша",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lezgi: бене́вша (benévša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lezgi: бене́вша (benévša)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "بنفشه",
"3": "منكشه",
"4": "منوشه",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "benefşe",
"tr2": "menekşe",
"tr3": "menevşe"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: بنفشه (benefşe), منكشه (menekşe), منوشه (menevşe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: بنفشه (benefşe), منكشه (menekşe), منوشه (menevşe)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "menekşe"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: menekşe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: menekşe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "menekshe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: menekshe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: menekshe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "մէնէքշէ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: մէնէքշէ (mēnēkʻšē)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: մէնէքշէ (mēnēkʻšē)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "менекше́",
"3": "мана́кше",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bulgarian: менекше́ (menekšé), мана́кше (manákše)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bulgarian: менекше́ (menekšé), мана́кше (manákše)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "μενεξές",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: μενεξές (menexés)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: μενεξές (menexés)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "axm",
"2": "մանօշայ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: մանօշայ (manōšay)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Armenian: մանօշայ (manōšay)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "micșunea",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: micșunea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: micșunea"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "менѐкше",
"3": "менѐкша",
"4": "менѐвша",
"5": "меневиш",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: менѐкше, менѐкша, менѐвша, меневиш",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: менѐкше, менѐкша, менѐвша, меневиш"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgr",
"2": "benafše",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sangisari: benafše",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sangisari: benafše"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srh",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "banafša"
},
"expansion": "→ Sarikoli: [script needed] (banafša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sarikoli: [script needed] (banafša)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Sedehi: benafše"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srz",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "benafše"
},
"expansion": "→ Shahmirzadi: [script needed] (benafše)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Shahmirzadi: [script needed] (benafše)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tab",
"2": "беневша",
"3": "бене́ш",
"4": "бене́вш",
"5": "бала́вш",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tabasaran: беневша (benevša), бене́ш (benéš), бене́вш (benévš), бала́вш (balávš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tabasaran: беневша (benevša), бене́ш (benéš), бене́вш (benévš), бала́вш (balávš)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "banāfš"
},
"expansion": "→ Wakhi: [script needed] (banāfš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Wakhi: [script needed] (banāfš)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "binafsha",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Uzbek: binafsha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uzbek: binafsha"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "بنفسج",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "banafsaj"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: بنفسج (banafsaj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: بنفسج (banafsaj), بنفشج (banafšaj), منفشج (manafšaj)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xaa",
"2": "بنفسج",
"tr": "banafsaj"
},
"expansion": "Andalusian Arabic: بنفسج (banafsaj)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "علی صیادانی، وامواژههای فارسی دیوان ابن هانی؛ شاعر شیعه اندلس, پژوهشهای زبانشناسی تطبیقی، ص ۱۵۵"
},
"expansion": "علی صیادانی، وامواژههای فارسی دیوان ابن هانی؛ شاعر شیعه اندلس, پژوهشهای زبانشناسی تطبیقی، ص ۱۵۵",
"name": "lang"
}
],
"text": "Andalusian Arabic: بنفسج (banafsaj)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syc",
"2": "ܡܢܝܫܟܐ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "mənīškāʼ"
},
"expansion": "→ Classical Syriac: ܡܢܝܫܟܐ (mənīškāʼ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Classical Syriac: ܡܢܝܫܟܐ (mənīškāʼ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Middle Armenian: մանիշակ (manišak), մանեմշակ (manemšak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "մանիշակ"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: մանիշակ (manišak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: մանիշակ (manišak)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Dersim"
},
"expansion": "(Dersim)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Kurdish: (Dersim) մանիշակ (manišak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "մանուշակ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: մանուշակ (manušak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: մանուշակ (manušak)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "մանուշակ"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: մանուշակ (manušak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: մանուշակ (manušak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "udi",
"2": "мамушӏакӏ",
"3": "мумушӏакӏ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Udi: мамушӏакӏ (mamuš:aḳ), мумушӏакӏ (mumuš:aḳ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Udi: мамушӏакӏ (mamuš:aḳ), мумушӏакӏ (mumuš:aḳ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "ма́лусӕг",
"bor": "1",
"t": "snowdrop"
},
"expansion": "→ Ossetian: ма́лусӕг (málusæg, “snowdrop”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ossetian: ма́лусӕг (málusæg, “snowdrop”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or"
},
"expansion": "or",
"name": "non-gloss definition"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"t": "plum <span class=\"Latn\" lang=\"en\">or</span> pear",
"tr": "banāte"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese [script needed] (banāte, “plum or pear”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ƿann",
"t": "dark"
},
"expansion": "Old English ƿann (“dark”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "վան-",
"t": "crystal"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian վան- (van-, “crystal”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cannabis"
},
"expansion": "Latin cannabis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἴον",
"t": "violet"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἴον (íon, “violet”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "viola",
"t": "violet"
},
"expansion": "Latin viola (“violet”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "թեղօշ",
"3": "թեղաւշ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian թեղաւշ (tʻeławš)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "մանուշակ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian մանուշակ (manušak)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The origin is uncertain.\nBailey derives from the Iranian colour-name *van- (“blue”), comparing for it Khotanese [script needed] (banāte, “plum or pear”), Old English ƿann (“dark”) and Old Armenian վան- (van-, “crystal”). For the suffix -ap- he compares Latin cannabis.\nOn the other hand, Martirosyan proposes connection with Ancient Greek ἴον (íon, “violet”), earlier *ϝίον (*wíon), γία (gía, “ἄνθη”) = ϝία (wía), and Latin viola (“violet”), suggesting that \"we might be dealing with a Mediterranean-Iranian/Near-Eastern flower-name\" with a proto-form like *wion- which might yield Iranian *v(y)an-. He regards Iranian *-afš as a suffix of substrate origin comparable with -աւշ (-awš) in Old Armenian թեղաւշ (tʻeławš).\nSome of the descendants (e.g. Old Armenian մանուշակ (manušak)) presuppose a by-form *manafšak.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "wanafšag"
},
"expansion": "wnpšk' • (wanafšag)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined language links",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pal",
"name": "Flowers",
"orig": "pal:Flowers",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"violet (flower)"
],
"id": "en-wnpšk'-pal-noun-LL2Q6bcV",
"links": [
[
"violet",
"violet"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "vanafša",
"word": "[script needed]"
}
]
}
],
"word": "wnpšk'"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mazanderani ونوشه (vanūše)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "بنفشه",
"tr": "banafše"
},
"expansion": "Persian: بنفشه (banafše)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: بنفشه (banafše)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "av",
"2": "мана́рша",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Avar: мана́рша (manárša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Avar: мана́рша (manárša)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "bənövşə",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: bənövşə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: bənövşə"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "миләүшә",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bashkir: миләүшә (miləwşə)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bashkir: миләүшә (miləwşə)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "গুলবনফ্শা",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bengali: গুলবনফ্শা (gulbonophśa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bengali: গুলবনফ্শা (gulbonophśa)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Central Iranian dialects:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gzi",
"2": "benapše"
},
"expansion": "Gazi: benapše",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gazi: benapše"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kafruni: benewše"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kasha’i: benafša"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Qohrudi: benawša"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "siy",
"2": "benafše"
},
"expansion": "Sivandi: benafše",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sivandi: benafše"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Vonishuni: benafša"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Zefra’i: bönowše"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "બનફશા",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Gujarati: બનફશા (banaphśā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Gujarati: બનફશા (banaphśā)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "बनफ़्शा"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: बनफ़्शा (banafśā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: बनफ़्शा (banafśā)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "بنفشہ",
"tr": "banafša"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: بنفشہ (banafša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: بنفشہ (banafša)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: binefş, benefş, binevş"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lbe",
"2": "банавша",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lak: банавша (banawša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lak: банавша (banawša)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lez",
"2": "бене́вша",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lezgi: бене́вша (benévša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lezgi: бене́вша (benévša)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "بنفشه",
"3": "منكشه",
"4": "منوشه",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "benefşe",
"tr2": "menekşe",
"tr3": "menevşe"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: بنفشه (benefşe), منكشه (menekşe), منوشه (menevşe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: بنفشه (benefşe), منكشه (menekşe), منوشه (menevşe)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "menekşe"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: menekşe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: menekşe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "menekshe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: menekshe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: menekshe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "մէնէքշէ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: մէնէքշէ (mēnēkʻšē)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: մէնէքշէ (mēnēkʻšē)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "менекше́",
"3": "мана́кше",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bulgarian: менекше́ (menekšé), мана́кше (manákše)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bulgarian: менекше́ (menekšé), мана́кше (manákše)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "μενεξές",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: μενεξές (menexés)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: μενεξές (menexés)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "axm",
"2": "մանօշայ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: մանօշայ (manōšay)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Armenian: մանօշայ (manōšay)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "micșunea",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: micșunea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: micșunea"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "менѐкше",
"3": "менѐкша",
"4": "менѐвша",
"5": "меневиш",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: менѐкше, менѐкша, менѐвша, меневиш",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: менѐкше, менѐкша, менѐвша, меневиш"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgr",
"2": "benafše",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sangisari: benafše",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sangisari: benafše"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srh",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "banafša"
},
"expansion": "→ Sarikoli: [script needed] (banafša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sarikoli: [script needed] (banafša)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Sedehi: benafše"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srz",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "benafše"
},
"expansion": "→ Shahmirzadi: [script needed] (benafše)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Shahmirzadi: [script needed] (benafše)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tab",
"2": "беневша",
"3": "бене́ш",
"4": "бене́вш",
"5": "бала́вш",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tabasaran: беневша (benevša), бене́ш (benéš), бене́вш (benévš), бала́вш (balávš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tabasaran: беневша (benevša), бене́ш (benéš), бене́вш (benévš), бала́вш (balávš)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "banāfš"
},
"expansion": "→ Wakhi: [script needed] (banāfš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Wakhi: [script needed] (banāfš)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "binafsha",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Uzbek: binafsha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uzbek: binafsha"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "بنفسج",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "banafsaj"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: بنفسج (banafsaj)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: بنفسج (banafsaj), بنفشج (banafšaj), منفشج (manafšaj)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xaa",
"2": "بنفسج",
"tr": "banafsaj"
},
"expansion": "Andalusian Arabic: بنفسج (banafsaj)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "علی صیادانی، وامواژههای فارسی دیوان ابن هانی؛ شاعر شیعه اندلس, پژوهشهای زبانشناسی تطبیقی، ص ۱۵۵"
},
"expansion": "علی صیادانی، وامواژههای فارسی دیوان ابن هانی؛ شاعر شیعه اندلس, پژوهشهای زبانشناسی تطبیقی، ص ۱۵۵",
"name": "lang"
}
],
"text": "Andalusian Arabic: بنفسج (banafsaj)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syc",
"2": "ܡܢܝܫܟܐ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "mənīškāʼ"
},
"expansion": "→ Classical Syriac: ܡܢܝܫܟܐ (mənīškāʼ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Classical Syriac: ܡܢܝܫܟܐ (mənīškāʼ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Middle Armenian: մանիշակ (manišak), մանեմշակ (manemšak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "մանիշակ"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: մանիշակ (manišak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: մանիշակ (manišak)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Dersim"
},
"expansion": "(Dersim)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Kurdish: (Dersim) մանիշակ (manišak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "մանուշակ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: մանուշակ (manušak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: մանուշակ (manušak)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "մանուշակ"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: մանուշակ (manušak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: մանուշակ (manušak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "udi",
"2": "мамушӏакӏ",
"3": "мумушӏакӏ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Udi: мамушӏакӏ (mamuš:aḳ), мумушӏакӏ (mumuš:aḳ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Udi: мамушӏакӏ (mamuš:aḳ), мумушӏакӏ (mumuš:aḳ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "ма́лусӕг",
"bor": "1",
"t": "snowdrop"
},
"expansion": "→ Ossetian: ма́лусӕг (málusæg, “snowdrop”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ossetian: ма́лусӕг (málusæg, “snowdrop”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or"
},
"expansion": "or",
"name": "non-gloss definition"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"t": "plum <span class=\"Latn\" lang=\"en\">or</span> pear",
"tr": "banāte"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese [script needed] (banāte, “plum or pear”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ƿann",
"t": "dark"
},
"expansion": "Old English ƿann (“dark”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "վան-",
"t": "crystal"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian վան- (van-, “crystal”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cannabis"
},
"expansion": "Latin cannabis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἴον",
"t": "violet"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἴον (íon, “violet”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "viola",
"t": "violet"
},
"expansion": "Latin viola (“violet”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "թեղօշ",
"3": "թեղաւշ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian թեղաւշ (tʻeławš)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "մանուշակ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian մանուշակ (manušak)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The origin is uncertain.\nBailey derives from the Iranian colour-name *van- (“blue”), comparing for it Khotanese [script needed] (banāte, “plum or pear”), Old English ƿann (“dark”) and Old Armenian վան- (van-, “crystal”). For the suffix -ap- he compares Latin cannabis.\nOn the other hand, Martirosyan proposes connection with Ancient Greek ἴον (íon, “violet”), earlier *ϝίον (*wíon), γία (gía, “ἄνθη”) = ϝία (wía), and Latin viola (“violet”), suggesting that \"we might be dealing with a Mediterranean-Iranian/Near-Eastern flower-name\" with a proto-form like *wion- which might yield Iranian *v(y)an-. He regards Iranian *-afš as a suffix of substrate origin comparable with -աւշ (-awš) in Old Armenian թեղաւշ (tʻeławš).\nSome of the descendants (e.g. Old Armenian մանուշակ (manušak)) presuppose a by-form *manafšak.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "wanafšag"
},
"expansion": "wnpšk' • (wanafšag)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Persian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle Persian lemmas",
"Middle Persian nouns",
"Middle Persian terms derived from substrate languages",
"Middle Persian terms with unknown etymologies",
"Requests for native script for Khotanese terms",
"Undetermined language links",
"pal:Flowers"
],
"glosses": [
"violet (flower)"
],
"links": [
[
"violet",
"violet"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "vanafša",
"word": "[script needed]"
}
],
"word": "wnpšk'"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: wanafšag",
"path": [
"wnpšk'"
],
"section": "Middle Persian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "wnpšk'",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.