See wicing on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Wiking",
"3": "Wiching",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: Wiking, Wiching (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: Wiking, Wiching (learned)"
}
],
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{
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"2": "non",
"3": "víkingr",
"4": "",
"5": "pirate"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse víkingr (“pirate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "non",
"3": "vík",
"t": "inlet"
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"expansion": "Old Norse vík (“inlet”)",
"name": "der"
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{
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"2": "wīċ",
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"expansion": "wīċ + -ing",
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{
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"2": "wīking",
"3": "",
"4": "pirate"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon wīking (“pirate”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly borrowed or calqued from Old Norse víkingr (“pirate”), itself from Old Norse vík (“inlet”) + -ingr (“one belonging to”, “one who frequents”). In any case, equivalent to wīċ + -ing. Compare Old Frisian wītsing (“pirate, viking”) and Old Saxon wīking (“pirate”), which are formed identically.\nThe North Sea Germanic form, existing in Old English since at least the eighth century, could also have been derived from or influenced by wīċ (“camp”), on account of the temporary encampments which were often a prominent feature of the Vikings’ raids.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wīcing",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "wīcing",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wīcingas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wīcing",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "wīcingas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wīcinges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wīcinga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wīcinge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wīcingum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "wīcing",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wīcing m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "wīcing"
},
"expansion": "wīcing m",
"name": "ang-noun"
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"1": "wīcing"
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"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
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{
"args": {
"1": "wīcing",
"2": "wīcingas",
"3": "wīcing",
"4": "wīcingas",
"5": "wīcinges",
"6": "wīcinga",
"7": "wīcinge",
"8": "wīcingum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "wīcian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "þēofsċip"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Piracy",
"orig": "ang:Piracy",
"parents": [
"Crime",
"Nautical",
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Transport",
"Law",
"All topics",
"Justice",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "After that, Philip concluded that on land, the gifts he awarded the common people who were always fighting on his side would never be enough to satisfy them, so he gathered ships and they became pirates, and very quickly captured 180 trading ships.",
"text": "late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans\nPhilippe ġeþūhte æfter þām þæt hē on lande ne meahte þām folce mid ġiefum ġecwēman þe him on simle wǣron mid winnende, ac hē sċipu ġegaderode and wīċingas wurdon, and sōna æt ānum ċierre ān hund and hundeahtatiġ ċēapsċipa ġefēngon.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pirate"
],
"id": "en-wicing-ang-noun-A73RTvh8",
"links": [
[
"pirate",
"pirate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 99",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 98",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English terms suffixed with -ing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 98",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Piracy",
"orig": "ang:Piracy",
"parents": [
"Crime",
"Nautical",
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Transport",
"Law",
"All topics",
"Justice",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "That same year, King Alfred sent a naval fleet from Cent to East Anglia. As soon as they reached the mouth of the Stour, they met sixteen ships of Vikings, fought them, seized all the ships, and killed the men inside. When they turned back homeward with the spoils, they met a large naval fleet of Vikings and then fought them the same day, and the Danes won the battle.",
"roman": "Þȳ ilcan ġēare sende Ælfrēd cyning sċiphere of Cente on Ēastengle. Sōna swā hīe cōmon on Stūre mūðan, þā ġemētton hīe sixtīene sċipu wīċinga and wiþ þā ġefuhton and þā sċipu eall ġerāhton and þā menn ofslōgon. Þā hīe hāmweard wendon mid þǣre herehūðe, þā mētton hīe miċelne sċiphere wīċinga and þā wiþ þā ġefuhton þȳ ilcan dæġe, and þā Deniscan āhton siġe.",
"text": "unknown author, Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, manuscript C, year 886",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Viking"
],
"id": "en-wicing-ang-noun-HBXftyTZ",
"links": [
[
"Viking",
"Viking"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwiː.kinɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈwiː.kiŋɡ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "æsċmann"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "flotmann"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sǣþēof"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sceġþmann"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "wiġcing"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"North Sea Germanic",
"Old Frisian"
],
"word": "wicing"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Old English terms suffixed with -ing",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"ang:Piracy"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Wiking",
"3": "Wiching",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: Wiking, Wiching (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: Wiking, Wiching (learned)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "calque",
"2": "calqued"
},
"expansion": "calqued",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "non",
"3": "víkingr",
"4": "",
"5": "pirate"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse víkingr (“pirate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "non",
"3": "vík",
"t": "inlet"
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"expansion": "wīċ + -ing",
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"1": "osx",
"2": "wīking",
"3": "",
"4": "pirate"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon wīking (“pirate”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly borrowed or calqued from Old Norse víkingr (“pirate”), itself from Old Norse vík (“inlet”) + -ingr (“one belonging to”, “one who frequents”). In any case, equivalent to wīċ + -ing. Compare Old Frisian wītsing (“pirate, viking”) and Old Saxon wīking (“pirate”), which are formed identically.\nThe North Sea Germanic form, existing in Old English since at least the eighth century, could also have been derived from or influenced by wīċ (“camp”), on account of the temporary encampments which were often a prominent feature of the Vikings’ raids.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wīcing",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wīcing",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wīcingas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wīcing",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wīcingas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wīcinges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wīcinga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wīcinge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wīcingum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
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"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "wīcing",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wīcing m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "wīcing"
},
"expansion": "wīcing m",
"name": "ang-noun"
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"inflection_templates": [
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"args": {
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},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
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{
"args": {
"1": "wīcing",
"2": "wīcingas",
"3": "wīcing",
"4": "wīcingas",
"5": "wīcinges",
"6": "wīcinga",
"7": "wīcinge",
"8": "wīcingum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "wīcian"
},
{
"word": "þēofsċip"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "After that, Philip concluded that on land, the gifts he awarded the common people who were always fighting on his side would never be enough to satisfy them, so he gathered ships and they became pirates, and very quickly captured 180 trading ships.",
"text": "late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans\nPhilippe ġeþūhte æfter þām þæt hē on lande ne meahte þām folce mid ġiefum ġecwēman þe him on simle wǣron mid winnende, ac hē sċipu ġegaderode and wīċingas wurdon, and sōna æt ānum ċierre ān hund and hundeahtatiġ ċēapsċipa ġefēngon.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pirate"
],
"links": [
[
"pirate",
"pirate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "That same year, King Alfred sent a naval fleet from Cent to East Anglia. As soon as they reached the mouth of the Stour, they met sixteen ships of Vikings, fought them, seized all the ships, and killed the men inside. When they turned back homeward with the spoils, they met a large naval fleet of Vikings and then fought them the same day, and the Danes won the battle.",
"roman": "Þȳ ilcan ġēare sende Ælfrēd cyning sċiphere of Cente on Ēastengle. Sōna swā hīe cōmon on Stūre mūðan, þā ġemētton hīe sixtīene sċipu wīċinga and wiþ þā ġefuhton and þā sċipu eall ġerāhton and þā menn ofslōgon. Þā hīe hāmweard wendon mid þǣre herehūðe, þā mētton hīe miċelne sċiphere wīċinga and þā wiþ þā ġefuhton þȳ ilcan dæġe, and þā Deniscan āhton siġe.",
"text": "unknown author, Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, manuscript C, year 886",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Viking"
],
"links": [
[
"Viking",
"Viking"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwiː.kinɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈwiː.kiŋɡ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "æsċmann"
},
{
"word": "flotmann"
},
{
"word": "sǣþēof"
},
{
"word": "sceġþmann"
},
{
"word": "wiġcing"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"North Sea Germanic",
"Old Frisian"
],
"word": "wicing"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wicing meaning in All languages combined (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.