See wedʰ- on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wedʰ- (root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*westei",
"t": "to lead"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *westei (“to lead”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *westei (“to lead”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "vest"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: vest",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: vest"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vèsti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: vèsti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: vèsti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vestì"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *vestì",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *vestì (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wedeti",
"t": "to lead"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wedeti (“to lead”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wedeti (“to lead”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "feidid"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: feidid",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: feidid"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "arweddu"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: arweddu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: arweddu, arwain (< *ɸare-wedeti, ɸare-wedn-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wedaną",
"t": "to conjoin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wedaną (“to conjoin”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wedaną (“to conjoin”), *gawedaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wetan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: wetan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: wetan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wodʰ-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*wádīˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wádīˀtei",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wádīˀtei (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wādʰáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wādʰáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wādʰáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wādáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wādáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wādáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-yng",
"2": "𐬬𐬁𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬁𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (vāδaiieⁱti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬁𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (vāδaiieⁱti)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "վարեմ",
"bor": "on"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: վարեմ (varem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: վարեմ (varem)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wédʰ-tis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*gawissiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *gawissiz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *gawissiz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*swétu-wedʰ-tó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*hwátuvadatáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *hwátuvadatáh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *hwátuvadatáh"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬓𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬛𐬀𐬚𐬀",
"t": "kin-marrage"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬓𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬛𐬀𐬚𐬀 (xᵛaētuuadaθa, “kin-marrage”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬓𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬛𐬀𐬚𐬀 (xᵛaētuuadaθa, “kin-marrage”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1",
"ts": "xwēdōdah"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Persian: (/xwēdōdah/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Persian: (/xwēdōdah/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "hwytwdʾt'"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hwytwdʾt')",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hwytwdʾt'), [Book Pahlavi needed] (hwytwkdʾt'), [Book Pahlavi needed] (hwytwds)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐭤𐭥𐭩𐭲𐭥𐭲𐭣",
"sc": "Phli",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭤𐭥𐭩𐭲𐭥𐭲𐭣 (hʿytʿtd)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "in Kardir inscription"
},
"expansion": "(in Kardir inscription)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭤𐭥𐭩𐭲𐭥𐭲𐭣 (hʿytʿtd) (in Kardir inscription)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wedʰ-úHs (“bride”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wadʰúHs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wadʰúHs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wadʰúHs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wadʰúHs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wadʰúHs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wadʰúHs"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वधू",
"tr": "vadhū́"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वधू (vadhū́)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वधू (vadhū́) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wadʰúHh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wadʰúHh",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *wedʰúHs + *-akah"
},
"expansion": "(< *wedʰúHs + *-akah)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wadʰúHh, *wadʰúHhakah (< *wedʰúHs + *-akah)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬀𐬜𐬏"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬜𐬏 (vaδū)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬜𐬏 (vaδū)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sogdo-Bactrian:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xco",
"2": "ود",
"tr": "wd",
"ts": "wud"
},
"expansion": "Khwarezmian: ود (wd /wud/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khwarezmian: ود (wd /wud/), وذ (wδ /waδ, wuδ/)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-sgc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sogdic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Sogdic:"
},
{
"depth": 7,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"t": "wife",
"ts": "waδ(u), wəδ(u), wuδ(u)"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: (/waδ(u), wəδ(u), wuδ(u)/, “wife”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: (/waδ(u), wəδ(u), wuδ(u)/, “wife”)"
},
{
"depth": 7,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫇𐫔",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wδ"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫔 (wδ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫔 (wδ), 𐫇𐫔𐫇 (wδw)"
},
{
"depth": 7,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wδ"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (wδ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (wδ),"
},
{
"depth": 7,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܙܕ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wd"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܙܕ (wd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܙܕ (wd)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glk",
"2": "وؤۊ،بۊگ،وئی",
"tr": "vou,bug,vei"
},
"expansion": "Gilaki: وؤۊ،بۊگ،وئی (vou,bug,vei)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gilaki: وؤۊ،بۊگ،وئی (vou,bug,vei)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "بووک"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: بووک (bûk)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: بووک (bûk)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lki",
"2": "بەوی"
},
"expansion": "Laki: بەوی (bewî)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Laki: بەوی (bewî)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "bûk"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: bûk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: bûk"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdh",
"2": "وەۊ"
},
"expansion": "Southern Kurdish: وەۊ (weẅ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Kurdish: وەۊ (weẅ), بەۊ (beẅ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-mpr-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Medo-Parthian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Medo-Parthian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-azr",
"2": "*ویو",
"tr": "*vayō"
},
"expansion": "Old Azari: *ویو (*vayō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Azari: *ویو (*vayō)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrz",
"2": "ویی",
"tr": "viyi"
},
"expansion": "Harzani: ویی (viyi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Harzani: ویی (viyi)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kgn",
"2": "وی",
"tr": "vay"
},
"expansion": "Karingani: وی (vay)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karingani: وی (vay)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "-",
"ts": "vayo"
},
"expansion": "Talysh: (/vayo/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Talysh: (/vayo/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "ویو",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Arabic script: ویو",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Arabic script: ویو"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "vəyo",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: vəyo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: vəyo"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-zgr-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Zaza-Gorani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Zaza-Gorani:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hac",
"2": "وەیوە",
"tr": "waywa"
},
"expansion": "Gurani: وەیوە (waywa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurani: وەیوە (waywa)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "veyve"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: veyve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: veyve"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "wayōg"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/wayōg/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/wayōg/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫇𐫏𐫇𐫃",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫇𐫃 (wywg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫇𐫃 (wywg)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wydwk'"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wydwk')",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wydwk')"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wódʰ-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*woss"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *woss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *woss"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vas",
"t": "surety"
},
"expansion": "Latin: vas (“surety”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: vas (“surety”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wodʰ-yom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wadją",
"t": "wager, stake, pledge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wadją (“wager, stake, pledge”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wadją (“wager, stake, pledge”) > *wadjōną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Other formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vādas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: vādas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: vādas, vadúoti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Celtic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gwedd",
"t": "yoke, team"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: gwedd (“yoke, team”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: gwedd (“yoke, team”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "fedan",
"t": "act of carrying"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: fedan (“act of carrying”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: fedan (“act of carrying”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wedesman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wedesman",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wedesman"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "feidm"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: feidm",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: feidm (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wedʰ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to bind, to secure"
],
"id": "en-wedʰ--ine-pro-root-ldVNxe1T",
"links": [
[
"bind",
"bind"
],
[
"secure",
"secure"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 73 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 83 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 83 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European ReC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to pledge, to guarantee"
],
"id": "en-wedʰ--ine-pro-root-1scs4G1X",
"links": [
[
"pledge",
"pledge"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to lead"
],
"id": "en-wedʰ--ine-pro-root-LeKtxggY",
"links": [
[
"lead",
"lead"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "wedʰ-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European ReC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wedʰ- (root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*westei",
"t": "to lead"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *westei (“to lead”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *westei (“to lead”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "vest"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: vest",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: vest"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vèsti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: vèsti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: vèsti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vestì"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *vestì",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *vestì (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wedeti",
"t": "to lead"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wedeti (“to lead”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wedeti (“to lead”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "feidid"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: feidid",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: feidid"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "arweddu"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: arweddu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: arweddu, arwain (< *ɸare-wedeti, ɸare-wedn-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wedaną",
"t": "to conjoin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wedaną (“to conjoin”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wedaną (“to conjoin”), *gawedaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wetan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: wetan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: wetan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wodʰ-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*wádīˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wádīˀtei",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wádīˀtei (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wādʰáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wādʰáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wādʰáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wādáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wādáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wādáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-yng",
"2": "𐬬𐬁𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬁𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (vāδaiieⁱti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬁𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (vāδaiieⁱti)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "վարեմ",
"bor": "on"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: վարեմ (varem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: վարեմ (varem)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wédʰ-tis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*gawissiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *gawissiz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *gawissiz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*swétu-wedʰ-tó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*hwátuvadatáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *hwátuvadatáh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *hwátuvadatáh"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬓𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬛𐬀𐬚𐬀",
"t": "kin-marrage"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬓𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬛𐬀𐬚𐬀 (xᵛaētuuadaθa, “kin-marrage”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬓𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬛𐬀𐬚𐬀 (xᵛaētuuadaθa, “kin-marrage”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1",
"ts": "xwēdōdah"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Persian: (/xwēdōdah/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Persian: (/xwēdōdah/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "hwytwdʾt'"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hwytwdʾt')",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hwytwdʾt'), [Book Pahlavi needed] (hwytwkdʾt'), [Book Pahlavi needed] (hwytwds)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐭤𐭥𐭩𐭲𐭥𐭲𐭣",
"sc": "Phli",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭤𐭥𐭩𐭲𐭥𐭲𐭣 (hʿytʿtd)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "in Kardir inscription"
},
"expansion": "(in Kardir inscription)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭤𐭥𐭩𐭲𐭥𐭲𐭣 (hʿytʿtd) (in Kardir inscription)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wedʰ-úHs (“bride”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*wadʰúHs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wadʰúHs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wadʰúHs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wadʰúHs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wadʰúHs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wadʰúHs"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वधू",
"tr": "vadhū́"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: वधू (vadhū́)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: वधू (vadhū́) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wadʰúHh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wadʰúHh",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *wedʰúHs + *-akah"
},
"expansion": "(< *wedʰúHs + *-akah)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wadʰúHh, *wadʰúHhakah (< *wedʰúHs + *-akah)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬀𐬜𐬏"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬜𐬏 (vaδū)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬜𐬏 (vaδū)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sogdo-Bactrian:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xco",
"2": "ود",
"tr": "wd",
"ts": "wud"
},
"expansion": "Khwarezmian: ود (wd /wud/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khwarezmian: ود (wd /wud/), وذ (wδ /waδ, wuδ/)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-sgc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sogdic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Sogdic:"
},
{
"depth": 7,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"t": "wife",
"ts": "waδ(u), wəδ(u), wuδ(u)"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: (/waδ(u), wəδ(u), wuδ(u)/, “wife”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: (/waδ(u), wəδ(u), wuδ(u)/, “wife”)"
},
{
"depth": 7,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫇𐫔",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wδ"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫔 (wδ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫔 (wδ), 𐫇𐫔𐫇 (wδw)"
},
{
"depth": 7,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wδ"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (wδ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (wδ),"
},
{
"depth": 7,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܙܕ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wd"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܙܕ (wd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܙܕ (wd)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glk",
"2": "وؤۊ،بۊگ،وئی",
"tr": "vou,bug,vei"
},
"expansion": "Gilaki: وؤۊ،بۊگ،وئی (vou,bug,vei)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gilaki: وؤۊ،بۊگ،وئی (vou,bug,vei)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "بووک"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: بووک (bûk)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: بووک (bûk)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lki",
"2": "بەوی"
},
"expansion": "Laki: بەوی (bewî)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Laki: بەوی (bewî)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "bûk"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: bûk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: bûk"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdh",
"2": "وەۊ"
},
"expansion": "Southern Kurdish: وەۊ (weẅ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Kurdish: وەۊ (weẅ), بەۊ (beẅ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-mpr-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Medo-Parthian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Medo-Parthian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-azr",
"2": "*ویو",
"tr": "*vayō"
},
"expansion": "Old Azari: *ویو (*vayō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Azari: *ویو (*vayō)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrz",
"2": "ویی",
"tr": "viyi"
},
"expansion": "Harzani: ویی (viyi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Harzani: ویی (viyi)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kgn",
"2": "وی",
"tr": "vay"
},
"expansion": "Karingani: وی (vay)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karingani: وی (vay)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "-",
"ts": "vayo"
},
"expansion": "Talysh: (/vayo/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Talysh: (/vayo/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "ویو",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Arabic script: ویو",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Arabic script: ویو"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "vəyo",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: vəyo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: vəyo"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-zgr-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Zaza-Gorani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Zaza-Gorani:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hac",
"2": "وەیوە",
"tr": "waywa"
},
"expansion": "Gurani: وەیوە (waywa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurani: وەیوە (waywa)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "veyve"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: veyve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: veyve"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "wayōg"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/wayōg/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/wayōg/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫇𐫏𐫇𐫃",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫇𐫃 (wywg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫇𐫃 (wywg)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "wydwk'"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wydwk')",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wydwk')"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wódʰ-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*woss"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *woss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *woss"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vas",
"t": "surety"
},
"expansion": "Latin: vas (“surety”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: vas (“surety”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*wodʰ-yom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wadją",
"t": "wager, stake, pledge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *wadją (“wager, stake, pledge”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *wadją (“wager, stake, pledge”) > *wadjōną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Other formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vādas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: vādas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: vādas, vadúoti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Celtic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gwedd",
"t": "yoke, team"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: gwedd (“yoke, team”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: gwedd (“yoke, team”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "fedan",
"t": "act of carrying"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: fedan (“act of carrying”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: fedan (“act of carrying”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*wedesman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *wedesman",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *wedesman"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "feidm"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: feidm",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: feidm (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wedʰ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to bind, to secure"
],
"links": [
[
"bind",
"bind"
],
[
"secure",
"secure"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to pledge, to guarantee"
],
"links": [
[
"pledge",
"pledge"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to lead"
],
"links": [
[
"lead",
"lead"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "wedʰ-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wedʰ- meaning in All languages combined (13.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.