See wayd- on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ni-wayd-, with *ni- (“down”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬥𐬌𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬉𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬨𐬌",
"t": "to invite a deity to the sacrifice, dedicate"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬉𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬨𐬌 (niuuaēδaiiemi, “to invite a deity to the sacrifice, dedicate”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬉𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬨𐬌 (niuuaēδaiiemi, “to invite a deity to the sacrifice, dedicate”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"t": "to invite, inform",
"tr": "nwʾyδ-",
"ts": "ni-wēδ-"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: [script needed] (nwʾyδ- /ni-wēδ-/, “to invite, inform”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: [script needed] (nwʾyδ- /ni-wēδ-/, “to invite, inform”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Parthian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "or"
},
"expansion": "or",
"name": "n-g"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean: nwyst (*niwist, “invited”); nwydg (*niwēdag, “invitation or good news”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: նուէր (nuēr, “oblation, sacrifice”) ← Middle Iranian *nivēδ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: նուիրակ (nuirak, “announcer, messenger, etc.”) ← Middle Iranian: *nivēδāk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Middle Persian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Book Pahlavi: nwstn' (*niwistan), nwyk- / nwyd- (*niwēy-, “to announce, consecrate”); nwyk' (*niwē, “good news”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*fra-wayd-, with *fra-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: հրաւէր (hrawēr), հրաւիրեմ (hrawirem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: հրաւիրակ (hrawirak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*pati-wayd-, with *pati-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: պատուէր (patuēr), պատուիրեմ (patuirem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: պատուիրակ (patuirak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬌𐬛",
"t": "to know"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬌𐬛 (vid, “to know”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬌𐬛 (vid, “to know”) (𐬬𐬌𐬜 (viδ), 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬛 (vaēd), 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬜 (vaēδ))"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Middle Persian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean: 𐫇𐫍𐫏𐫆 (whyẖ /wehīh/, “wisdom”) (possibly)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*wayd-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *wayd-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyd-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyd-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wayd-, from Proto-Indo-European *weyd-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "root"
},
"expansion": "*wayd-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/wayd-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to know"
],
"id": "en-wayd--ira-pro-root-Vk7G5aRj",
"links": [
[
"know",
"know"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 50 0 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 0 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Iranian roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to find"
],
"id": "en-wayd--ira-pro-root-dN8zHEYd",
"links": [
[
"find",
"find"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wayd-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wayd-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wayd-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wayd-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "विद्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: विद् (vid)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: विद् (vid)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wayd-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wayd-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wayd- (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyd-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyd-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *weyd-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "root"
},
"expansion": "*wayd-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/wayd-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to know"
],
"id": "en-wayd--iir-pro-root-Vk7G5aRj",
"links": [
[
"know",
"know"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wayd-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wayd-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wayd-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wayd-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "विद्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: विद् (vid)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: विद् (vid)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wayd-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wayd-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wayd-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬛"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬛 (vaēd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬛 (vaēd)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "wndʾtn'",
"t": "find"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: wndʾtn' (“find”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: wndʾtn' (“find”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "root"
},
"expansion": "*wayd-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/wayd-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 50 0 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 0 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to find"
],
"id": "en-wayd--iir-pro-root-dN8zHEYd",
"links": [
[
"find",
"find"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wayd-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian roots",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wayd-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wayd-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wayd-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "विद्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: विद् (vid)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: विद् (vid)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wayd-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wayd-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wayd- (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyd-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyd-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *weyd-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "root"
},
"expansion": "*wayd-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/wayd-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to know"
],
"links": [
[
"know",
"know"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wayd-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*wayd-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wayd-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wayd-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "विद्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: विद् (vid)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: विद् (vid)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wayd-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *wayd-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *wayd-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬛"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬛 (vaēd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬛 (vaēd)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "wndʾtn'",
"t": "find"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: wndʾtn' (“find”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: wndʾtn' (“find”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "root"
},
"expansion": "*wayd-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/wayd-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to find"
],
"links": [
[
"find",
"find"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wayd-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Iranian roots",
"Proto-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Proto-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ni-wayd-, with *ni- (“down”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬥𐬌𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬉𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬨𐬌",
"t": "to invite a deity to the sacrifice, dedicate"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬉𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬨𐬌 (niuuaēδaiiemi, “to invite a deity to the sacrifice, dedicate”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬉𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬨𐬌 (niuuaēδaiiemi, “to invite a deity to the sacrifice, dedicate”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"t": "to invite, inform",
"tr": "nwʾyδ-",
"ts": "ni-wēδ-"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: [script needed] (nwʾyδ- /ni-wēδ-/, “to invite, inform”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: [script needed] (nwʾyδ- /ni-wēδ-/, “to invite, inform”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Parthian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "or"
},
"expansion": "or",
"name": "n-g"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean: nwyst (*niwist, “invited”); nwydg (*niwēdag, “invitation or good news”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: նուէր (nuēr, “oblation, sacrifice”) ← Middle Iranian *nivēδ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: նուիրակ (nuirak, “announcer, messenger, etc.”) ← Middle Iranian: *nivēδāk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Middle Persian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Book Pahlavi: nwstn' (*niwistan), nwyk- / nwyd- (*niwēy-, “to announce, consecrate”); nwyk' (*niwē, “good news”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*fra-wayd-, with *fra-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: հրաւէր (hrawēr), հրաւիրեմ (hrawirem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: հրաւիրակ (hrawirak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*pati-wayd-, with *pati-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: պատուէր (patuēr), պատուիրեմ (patuirem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: պատուիրակ (patuirak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬌𐬛",
"t": "to know"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬌𐬛 (vid, “to know”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬬𐬌𐬛 (vid, “to know”) (𐬬𐬌𐬜 (viδ), 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬛 (vaēd), 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬜 (vaēδ))"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Middle Persian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean: 𐫇𐫍𐫏𐫆 (whyẖ /wehīh/, “wisdom”) (possibly)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*wayd-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *wayd-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyd-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyd-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wayd-, from Proto-Indo-European *weyd-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "root"
},
"expansion": "*wayd-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/wayd-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to know"
],
"links": [
[
"know",
"know"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to find"
],
"links": [
[
"find",
"find"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wayd-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wayd- meaning in All languages combined (7.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (1c4b89b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.