wʾčʾl in All languages combined

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Etymology: From Old Iranian *wahā-čā̆rana- (“market”, literally “trade-walkabout”) — the first and latter elements whereof ultimately deriving from Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to sell”) (compare Persian بها (bahâ)) and *kʷel- (“to turn, revolve”) respectively. Cognate with Gilaki واجار (vājār, “open market, bazaar”), Northern Kurdish bajar (“city (place of trade)”) Mazanderani واجار (vājār, “known, famous”) (in the sense of revealing something in front of everyone in a bazaar), Sogdian 𐫇𐫀𐫝𐫡𐫗 (wʾcrn, “market, bazaar”), Bactrian οασαρο (oasaro, “market”). Akin to the Iranian borrowings: Old Armenian վաճառ (vačaṙ, “market; trade”), Old Georgian ვაჭარი (vač̣ari, “merchant”), Aghwan 𐕛𐔰𐕖𐔰𐕙 (vačar, “Jew”). Etymology templates: {{der|pal|ira-old}} Old Iranian, {{der|pal|ine-pro|*wes-||to sell}} Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to sell”), {{cog|fa|بها|tr=bahâ}} Persian بها (bahâ), {{cog|glk|واجار||t=open market, bazaar|tr=vājār}} Gilaki واجار (vājār, “open market, bazaar”), {{cog|kmr|bajar||t=city (place of trade)}} Northern Kurdish bajar (“city (place of trade)”), {{cog|mzn|واجار|t=known, famous|tr=vājār}} Mazanderani واجار (vājār, “known, famous”), {{qual|in the sense of revealing something in front of everyone in a bazaar}} (in the sense of revealing something in front of everyone in a bazaar), {{cog|sog|𐫇𐫀𐫝𐫡𐫗|t=market, bazaar}} Sogdian 𐫇𐫀𐫝𐫡𐫗 (wʾcrn, “market, bazaar”), {{cog|xbc|οασαρο|t=market}} Bactrian οασαρο (oasaro, “market”), {{cog|xcl|վաճառ|t=market; trade}} Old Armenian վաճառ (vačaṙ, “market; trade”), {{cog|oge|ვაჭარი|t=merchant}} Old Georgian ვაჭარი (vač̣ari, “merchant”), {{cog|xag|𐕛𐔰𐕖𐔰𐕙|t=Jew}} Aghwan 𐕛𐔰𐕖𐔰𐕙 (vačar, “Jew”) Head templates: {{head|pal|noun|ts=wāzār}} wʾčʾl • (/wāzār/)

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fa",
            "2": "بازار",
            "tr": "bâzâr"
          },
          "expansion": "Persian: بازار (bâzâr)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Persian: بازار (bâzâr) (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "ira-old"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Iranian",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wes-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to sell"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to sell”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "بها",
        "tr": "bahâ"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian بها (bahâ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "glk",
        "2": "واجار",
        "3": "",
        "t": "open market, bazaar",
        "tr": "vājār"
      },
      "expansion": "Gilaki واجار (vājār, “open market, bazaar”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "bajar",
        "3": "",
        "t": "city (place of trade)"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Kurdish bajar (“city (place of trade)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mzn",
        "2": "واجار",
        "t": "known, famous",
        "tr": "vājār"
      },
      "expansion": "Mazanderani واجار (vājār, “known, famous”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "in the sense of revealing something in front of everyone in a bazaar"
      },
      "expansion": "(in the sense of revealing something in front of everyone in a bazaar)",
      "name": "qual"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sog",
        "2": "𐫇𐫀𐫝𐫡𐫗",
        "t": "market, bazaar"
      },
      "expansion": "Sogdian 𐫇𐫀𐫝𐫡𐫗 (wʾcrn, “market, bazaar”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xbc",
        "2": "οασαρο",
        "t": "market"
      },
      "expansion": "Bactrian οασαρο (oasaro, “market”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "վաճառ",
        "t": "market; trade"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian վաճառ (vačaṙ, “market; trade”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "oge",
        "2": "ვაჭარი",
        "t": "merchant"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Georgian ვაჭარი (vač̣ari, “merchant”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xag",
        "2": "𐕛𐔰𐕖𐔰𐕙",
        "t": "Jew"
      },
      "expansion": "Aghwan 𐕛𐔰𐕖𐔰𐕙 (vačar, “Jew”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Iranian *wahā-čā̆rana- (“market”, literally “trade-walkabout”) — the first and latter elements whereof ultimately deriving from Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to sell”) (compare Persian بها (bahâ)) and *kʷel- (“to turn, revolve”) respectively.\nCognate with Gilaki واجار (vājār, “open market, bazaar”), Northern Kurdish bajar (“city (place of trade)”) Mazanderani واجار (vājār, “known, famous”) (in the sense of revealing something in front of everyone in a bazaar), Sogdian 𐫇𐫀𐫝𐫡𐫗 (wʾcrn, “market, bazaar”), Bactrian οασαρο (oasaro, “market”). Akin to the Iranian borrowings: Old Armenian վաճառ (vačaṙ, “market; trade”), Old Georgian ვაჭარი (vač̣ari, “merchant”), Aghwan 𐕛𐔰𐕖𐔰𐕙 (vačar, “Jew”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "noun",
        "ts": "wāzār"
      },
      "expansion": "wʾčʾl • (/wāzār/)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Persian",
  "lang_code": "pal",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Persian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Persian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Undetermined language links",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pal",
          "name": "Trading",
          "orig": "pal:Trading",
          "parents": [
            "Business",
            "Economics",
            "Society",
            "Social sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "alt": "wʾčʾlkʾn' /⁠wāzāragān⁠/",
          "english": "merchant",
          "word": "[Book Pahlavi needed]"
        },
        {
          "alt": "wʾčʾlkʾnyh /⁠wāzār(a)gānīh⁠/",
          "english": "trade",
          "word": "[Book Pahlavi needed]"
        },
        {
          "alt": "wʾčʾlpt /⁠wāzārbed⁠/",
          "word": "𐭥𐭠𐭰𐭠𐭫𐭯𐭲"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "market, bazaar"
      ],
      "id": "en-wʾčʾl-pal-noun-sqnndvjn",
      "links": [
        [
          "market",
          "market"
        ],
        [
          "bazaar",
          "bazaar"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "wʾčʾl"
}

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{
  "derived": [
    {
      "alt": "wʾčʾlkʾn' /⁠wāzāragān⁠/",
      "english": "merchant",
      "word": "[Book Pahlavi needed]"
    },
    {
      "alt": "wʾčʾlkʾnyh /⁠wāzār(a)gānīh⁠/",
      "english": "trade",
      "word": "[Book Pahlavi needed]"
    },
    {
      "alt": "wʾčʾlpt /⁠wāzārbed⁠/",
      "word": "𐭥𐭠𐭰𐭠𐭫𐭯𐭲"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fa",
            "2": "بازار",
            "tr": "bâzâr"
          },
          "expansion": "Persian: بازار (bâzâr)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Persian: بازار (bâzâr) (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "ira-old"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Iranian",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wes-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to sell"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to sell”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "بها",
        "tr": "bahâ"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian بها (bahâ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "glk",
        "2": "واجار",
        "3": "",
        "t": "open market, bazaar",
        "tr": "vājār"
      },
      "expansion": "Gilaki واجار (vājār, “open market, bazaar”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "bajar",
        "3": "",
        "t": "city (place of trade)"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Kurdish bajar (“city (place of trade)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mzn",
        "2": "واجار",
        "t": "known, famous",
        "tr": "vājār"
      },
      "expansion": "Mazanderani واجار (vājār, “known, famous”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "in the sense of revealing something in front of everyone in a bazaar"
      },
      "expansion": "(in the sense of revealing something in front of everyone in a bazaar)",
      "name": "qual"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sog",
        "2": "𐫇𐫀𐫝𐫡𐫗",
        "t": "market, bazaar"
      },
      "expansion": "Sogdian 𐫇𐫀𐫝𐫡𐫗 (wʾcrn, “market, bazaar”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xbc",
        "2": "οασαρο",
        "t": "market"
      },
      "expansion": "Bactrian οασαρο (oasaro, “market”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "վաճառ",
        "t": "market; trade"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian վաճառ (vačaṙ, “market; trade”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "oge",
        "2": "ვაჭარი",
        "t": "merchant"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Georgian ვაჭარი (vač̣ari, “merchant”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xag",
        "2": "𐕛𐔰𐕖𐔰𐕙",
        "t": "Jew"
      },
      "expansion": "Aghwan 𐕛𐔰𐕖𐔰𐕙 (vačar, “Jew”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Iranian *wahā-čā̆rana- (“market”, literally “trade-walkabout”) — the first and latter elements whereof ultimately deriving from Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to sell”) (compare Persian بها (bahâ)) and *kʷel- (“to turn, revolve”) respectively.\nCognate with Gilaki واجار (vājār, “open market, bazaar”), Northern Kurdish bajar (“city (place of trade)”) Mazanderani واجار (vājār, “known, famous”) (in the sense of revealing something in front of everyone in a bazaar), Sogdian 𐫇𐫀𐫝𐫡𐫗 (wʾcrn, “market, bazaar”), Bactrian οασαρο (oasaro, “market”). Akin to the Iranian borrowings: Old Armenian վաճառ (vačaṙ, “market; trade”), Old Georgian ვაჭარი (vač̣ari, “merchant”), Aghwan 𐕛𐔰𐕖𐔰𐕙 (vačar, “Jew”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "noun",
        "ts": "wāzār"
      },
      "expansion": "wʾčʾl • (/wāzār/)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Persian",
  "lang_code": "pal",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Persian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Middle Persian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
        "Middle Persian lemmas",
        "Middle Persian nouns",
        "Middle Persian terms derived from Old Iranian languages",
        "Middle Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Undetermined language links",
        "pal:Trading"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "market, bazaar"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "market",
          "market"
        ],
        [
          "bazaar",
          "bazaar"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "wʾčʾl"
}

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{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: /wāzār/",
  "path": [
    "wʾčʾl"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Persian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "wʾčʾl",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"wʾčʾl" meaning in All languages combined

Noun [Middle Persian]