See vernus on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for vernus meaning in All languages combined (5.7kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vēr",
"3": "-nus"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, vēr + -nus",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *wósr̥ \"spring\" (also reconstructed alternatively as *wésr̥ or *wḗsr̥), the root of Latin vēr \"spring\". The details of the derivation differ between sources. Vernus could be the reflex of a deadverbial adjective in -*no- built on a locative form of the *wósr̥/*wésr̥/*wḗsr̥ noun. Piotr Gąsiorowski (2012) presents the following derivation from the PIE locative stem *wesri where the final Latin form vernus results from haplology or syncope of *er: *wesri-no- > *wezr̥₂no- > *wererno- > vernus. In the case of a locative formation, vernus could instead come from a form vēri-no (with syncope of *i) (Alan Nussbaum, cited in de Vaan, 2008). As an alternative to the locative derivation, de Vaan suggests that the word could come from *wesinos (with rhotacism of *s and syncope of *i). By surface analysis, vēr + -nus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vē̆rnus",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rna",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vē̆rnus"
},
"expansion": "vē̆rnus (feminine vē̆rna, neuter vē̆rnum); first/second-declension adjective",
"name": "la-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vē̆rnus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -nus",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Seasons",
"orig": "la:Seasons",
"parents": [
"Nature",
"Periodic occurrences",
"All topics",
"Time",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "vē̆rnō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spring; vernal"
],
"id": "en-vernus-la-adj-0ZFEbmtD",
"links": [
[
"spring",
"spring"
],
[
"vernal",
"vernal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) spring; vernal"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "vēr"
},
{
"word": "vē̆rnālis"
}
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈu̯eːr.nus/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈu̯eːrnʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈu̯er.nus/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈu̯ɛrnʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈver.nus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛrnus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "vernus"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "vē̆rnō"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vēr",
"3": "-nus"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, vēr + -nus",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *wósr̥ \"spring\" (also reconstructed alternatively as *wésr̥ or *wḗsr̥), the root of Latin vēr \"spring\". The details of the derivation differ between sources. Vernus could be the reflex of a deadverbial adjective in -*no- built on a locative form of the *wósr̥/*wésr̥/*wḗsr̥ noun. Piotr Gąsiorowski (2012) presents the following derivation from the PIE locative stem *wesri where the final Latin form vernus results from haplology or syncope of *er: *wesri-no- > *wezr̥₂no- > *wererno- > vernus. In the case of a locative formation, vernus could instead come from a form vēri-no (with syncope of *i) (Alan Nussbaum, cited in de Vaan, 2008). As an alternative to the locative derivation, de Vaan suggests that the word could come from *wesinos (with rhotacism of *s and syncope of *i). By surface analysis, vēr + -nus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vē̆rnus",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rna",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vē̆rna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vē̆rnus"
},
"expansion": "vē̆rnus (feminine vē̆rna, neuter vē̆rnum); first/second-declension adjective",
"name": "la-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vē̆rnus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "vēr"
},
{
"word": "vē̆rnālis"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin adjectives",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin first and second declension adjectives",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin relational adjectives",
"Latin terms suffixed with -nus",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"la:Seasons"
],
"glosses": [
"spring; vernal"
],
"links": [
[
"spring",
"spring"
],
[
"vernal",
"vernal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relational) spring; vernal"
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"relational"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈu̯eːr.nus/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈu̯eːrnʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈu̯er.nus/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈu̯ɛrnʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈver.nus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛrnus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "vernus"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: vernus/Latin 'Number' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"vernus"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "vernus",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.