um

um (nominative singular)
umy (nominative plural)
umu (genitive singular)
umů (genitive plural)
umu (dative singular)
umům (dative plural)
um (accusative singular)
umy (accusative plural)
ume (singular vocative)
umy (plural vocative)
umě (locative singular)
umu (locative singular)
umech (locative plural)
umem (instrumental singular)
umy (instrumental plural)


um

From Old Norse um, from Proto-Germanic *umbi. Cognate with Swedish om.


um

Um, I don’t know.

Let’s see... um... how about this?

It's a great test of the claims of open-source gurus, who say that a self-motivated community can outcode any team working for a single employer—like, um, Microsoft.

Expression of hesitation, uncertainty or space filler in conversation.

"About the same, wherever you go," he agreed.
"Um," I said.

1963, Kurt Vonnegut, Cat's Cradle, Dell Publishing Co., Inc., page 65:

Um, excuse me!

(US) An expression to forcefully call attention to something wrong.

While I was in her room, Sam walked by and said, “Um, I'm telling!”
“You're telling what?” I asked.
“You're reading Tori's journal,” she said.

2011, Kimberly Willis Holt, Piper Reed, Clubhouse Queen:

Mair used to look after Laura. If anyone threatened to tease her, Mair would stand up straight, point her finger at the enemy and shout, 'Um! I'm telling on you!'

2021, Sarah Strangeways, The Gingerbread House, page 13:

(UK, childish) An expression of shocked disapproval used by a child who witnesses forbidden behavior.

umm (alternative)
uhm (alternative)
hum (alternative)
erm (alternative)


um

Meanwhile, in the popular mind umming was simply a bad habit, akin to spitting or picking one’s nose.

2007, Michael Erard, Um... Slips, Stumbles, and Verbal Blunders, and What They Mean, page 136:

(intransitive) To make the um sound to express uncertainty or hesitancy.

en-verb

um (third-person singular simple present ums, present participle umming, simple past and past participle ummed)

ums (present singular third-person)
umming (participle present)
ummed (participle past)
ummed (past)
umm (alternative)
uhm (alternative)
hum (alternative)
erm (alternative)


um

Me be Injun. Him um Growling Bear. Him um heap big chief.

“me heap brave—me talk to um white man so[…] me good injun, like um white man, mebbe so, ugh!”

1871, “Grand camp meeting on Bear River”, in The Keepapitchinin, volume III, page 3:

(dated, sometimes humorous, often offensive) An undifferentiated determiner or article; a miscellaneous linking word, or filler with nonspecific meaning; representation of broken English stereotypically or comically attributed to Native Americans.


um

From Old Norse umb, from Proto-Germanic *umbi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi (“round about, around”).


um

head

um m (feminine umha or uma, reintegrationist norm)


um

Es geht um den Kuchen.

Um die Ecke

Um acht Uhr reisen wir ab

Die Verkaufsmengen gingen um 6% zurück.

Um einen Euro bekommt man heute nicht besonders viel.

You can't buy much for one euro these days.

Heute im Sonderangebot um nur 99 Euro.

From Middle High German umbe, ümbe, from Old High German umbi, from Proto-West Germanic *umbi.
Central German dialects show regular umlaut; the standard form is from Upper German, where umlaut of -u- was blocked before labial geminates and clusters. Cognate with Luxembourgish ëm, Dutch om, English umbe.

umb (alternative)
ümb (alternative)
üm (alternative)


um

Wir sind gekommen, um zu helfen.


um

Werden dich in kurzem binden/ Erdgeist, deine Zeit ist um
We will shortly bind you/ Erdgeist, your time is up
(Friedrich von Hardenberg, Novalis)

(predicative, not attributive) up, in the sense of finished


um

turned over, changed, from one state to another


um

He tell um, “Go.” So dey wen let go da guys, an go take ova da pigs. An you know wat? All da pigs wen run down one steep hill an fall ova da cliff inside da lake, an drown inside da water.

2000, “Matthew 8”, in Joseph Grimes, transl., Da Jesus Book: Hawaii Pidgin New Testament, Wycliffe Bible Translators, →ISBN, page 110:

And he said unto them, Go. And they came out, and went into the swine: and behold, the whole herd rushed down the steep into the sea, and perished in the waters.


um

Ich hon mich en Duch um de Kopp gebunn.

Um acht Uher.


um

Das kost um zweu hunnerd Rëal.


um

Það er um að gera að sofa vel.

The important thing to do is to sleep well.

Hvað er um að vera?

Eins og um var talað.

From Old Norse um, from Proto-Germanic *umbi (“around, about”).


um

Um hvað ertu að tala?

Spurning um líf og dauða.

Áin rennur um dalinn.

Að fara út um gluggann.

Vestur um haf.

Við förum um alla sveitina.

Hann var breiður um herðar.

Hún hafði klút um hálsinn.

Hvenær gerðist þetta? - Þetta gerðist um sumarið.

When did this happen? - It happened during the summer.

Ég fór um nóttina.

Pokinn er um fjögur kíló.

ganga um gólf

to walk up and down the floor, to pace the floor

hver um sig

each one of them, each in turn, each one on his/her own

um morguninn

in the morning, in the course of the morning


um

Um homm tinh doiz filh:

1883, Hugo Schuchardt, Kreolische Studien, volume 3:

From Portuguese um (“a”), from Old Galician-Portuguese ũu, from Latin ūnus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.


um

um (plus dative, triggers lenition, except of b, m, and p)

m (triggers-lenition)
p (triggers-lenition)
umam (first-person singular)
umamsa (emphatic first-person singular)
umat (second-person singular)
umatsa (emphatic second-person singular)
uime (masculine singular third-person)
uimesean (emphatic masculine singular third-person)
uimpi (feminine singular third-person)
uimpise (emphatic feminine singular third-person)
umainn (first-person plural)
umainne (emphatic first-person plural)
umaibh (plural second-person)
umaibhse (emphatic plural second-person)
umpu (plural third-person)
umpusan (emphatic plural third-person)
im (alternative)

From Old Irish imb, from Proto-Celtic *ambi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi (“round about, around”).


um

Le demandí kon la bava a la boka: "Um!… I de kualo es?"
"De pera", me disho Viktoria.
Yo al gostí… Estava maraviyoza.

2006, Matilda Koén-Sarano, Por el plazer de kontar, Nur Afakot, page 145:

I asked her mouthwateringly: ‘Mmm…! What is this?’
‘Pear’, Viktoria told me. To me, the taste was… wonderful.

emotional expression
w:emotional expression

(onomatopoeia) mmm (emotional expression of deliciousness)


um

first/third-person singular present indicative of vȱlda


um

contraction of op + dem; on the, at the, to the


um

Um biavle ist s?

What time is it? (literally, “How many is it at?”)

From Middle High German umbe, ümbe, from Old High German umbi, from Proto-West Germanic *umbi, from Proto-Germanic *umbi (“around, about”). Cognate with German um, English umbe.


um

(pre-1938 or dialectal) alternative form of om


um

during, at a point in time [with accusative]

From Proto-Germanic *umbi (“around, about”). Cognate with Old English ymbe, Old Frisian umbe, ombe, Old Saxon umbi, Old High German umbi.


um

Ek man jǫtna / ár um borna, […]

Vǫluspá, verse 2, lines 1-2, in 1860, T. Möbius, Edda Sæmundar hins fróða: mit einem Anhang zum Theil bisher ungedruckter Gedichte. Leipzig, page 1

(w:Poetic Edda) indicates that the verbal action is completed, compare English “through” as in “read through”. For semantic development, compare adjectival usage of German um.

Icelandic: um

Faroese: um

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: um; (dialectal) om, øm

Old Swedish: um

Swedish: om

Danish: om

Norwegian Bokmål: om

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: om


um

Compare German um, Dutch om, Old English ymb.


um

From Proto-Khasian *ʔum (“tree”). Cognate with Khasi um.


um

um (nominative singular)
umy (nominative plural)
umu (genitive singular)
umów (genitive plural)
umowi (dative singular)
umom (dative plural)
um (accusative singular)
umy (accusative plural)
umem (instrumental singular)
umami (instrumental plural)
umie (locative singular)
umach (locative plural)
umie (singular vocative)
umy (plural vocative)


um

Uma xícara de café

Indo-Portuguese: um

Kabuverdianu: un

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese ũu (“one; a”), from Latin ūnum (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one”). Doublet of uno.


um

Uns carros, umas casas.

(in the plural) some; a few (a small number of)

(indefinite) a, an
(with uncountable nouns) a bit of

Ontem de noite caiu uma chuva.

Estamos comendo um churrasco.

(usually in the feminine, pronounced slowly, emphatically and with a high intonation) indicates that what follows is exceptional; quite a; quite the

Um carro, uma casa.

Tenho um recado para você.

2005, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 186:

[…] disse o professor com um sorrisinho […]

2005, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 361:

[…] the teacher said with a little smile […]

head

um (feminine uma, masculine plural uns, feminine plural umas)

uma (feminine)
uns (masculine plural)
umas (feminine plural)
hum (alternative)


um

O um parece o sete sem gravata no pescoço.

The one looks like the seven with no tie at its neck.


um

Chegou-me um e disse: "Olá!"

Comprei uns e me decepcionei.

element(s) of a previously mentioned class: one; some (in the plural)


um

Bugun: ũm

desctree

Proto-Puroik: *ɨm̄
Puroik:
Bulu: ɨm
Kojo-Rojo: ɹɨm
Sanchu: ɯk

Proto-Western Kho-Bwa: *um
Chug-Lish:
Chug: ɔm
Lish: ɔm
Mey-Sartang:
Sartang:
Khoina: ũ
Jerigaon: uŋ
Khoitam: uŋ
Rahung: uŋ
Sherdukpen:
Rupa: uŋ
Shergaon: uŋ

Etymology tree
Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-sum
Proto-Kho-Bwa *um
Inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-sum.


um

Chug-Lish:

Chug: ɔm

Lish: ɔm

Mey-Sartang:

Sartang:

Khoina: ũ

Jerigaon: uŋ

Khoitam: uŋ

Rahung: uŋ

Sherdukpen:

Rupa: uŋ

Shergaon: uŋ

Etymology tree
Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-sum
Proto-Kho-Bwa *um
Proto-Western Kho-Bwa *um
Inherited from Proto-Kho-Bwa *um, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-sum.


um

From Latin homō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰmṓ (“earthling”).


um

ȗm (canonical masculine)
у̑м (Cyrillic)
ȗm (nominative singular)
úmovi (nominative plural)
uma (genitive singular)
umova (genitive plural)
umu (dative singular)
umovima (dative plural)
um (accusative singular)
umove (accusative plural)
ume (singular vocative)
umovi (plural vocative)
umu (locative singular)
umovima (locative plural)
umom (instrumental singular)
umovima (instrumental plural)


um

nominative
um (singular)
umy (plural)
genitive
umu (singular)
umov (plural)
dative
umom (plural)
accusative
locative
ume (singular)
umoch (plural)
instrumental
umom (singular)
umami (plural)


um

(international standards) Alternative form of µm