See tomaculum on Wiktionary
{
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"etymology_text": "Uncertain; probably derived in some way from Greek.\nLewis and Short refer it to Greek Ancient Greek τομή (tomḗ, “cutting, incision, insection”), in which case the ending is presumably the instrument noun suffix -culum.\nThe manuscripts of Petronius and Juvenal show a variety of other spellings, including thumatula, tumatula and thymatula; C. Pellegrino, taking this family of spellings as the true reading, argued that the cited passages actually contain a diminutive derived from Greek θῡ́μᾰτᾰ (thū́mata) (the plural of θῦμᾰ (thûma, “sacrificial animal”). However, it is difficult to get from the long vowel in Greek θῦμᾰ (thûma) to the short y̆/ŭ or ŏ attested by the scansion in Latin verse and required by Romance descendants that go back to a form *tomacella.\nBodel also considers these spellings to represent the original form, but favors an alternative etymology proposed by Watkins from Greek θύμον (thúmon, “thyme”). In Latin, thymum + -ātus would yield an adjective *thumātus (“made with thyme”), which would form a diminutive in the neuter as *thumātum + -ulus > thumātulum (“sausage seasoned with thyme”). Compare myrtum (“myrtle berry”) + -ātus > myrtātum, murtātum (“sausage seasoned with myrtle berries”), possibly the source of Italian mortadella.\nPer Bodel, the form tomācinae in Varro Res Rusticae 2.4.10, sometimes cited as an alternative derivation from the same base, is unrelated and should be emended to Comacinae.",
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"examples": [
{
"english": "There were sizzling tomacula located on a silver grill, and under the grill damsons with pomegranate seeds.",
"ref": "c. 27 CE – 66 CE, Petronius, Satyricon 31.11",
"text": "Fuerunt et tomacula ferventia supra craticulam argenteam posita, et infra craticulam Syriaca pruna cum granis Punici mali."
},
{
"english": "Putting on a tunic, the cook seized a knife and cut the pig's belly here and there with a fearful hand. At once, out of the gashes that were widenening from the weight, tomacula with botuli rushed out.",
"ref": "c. 27 CE – 66 CE, Petronius, Satyricon 49.10",
"text": "Recepta cocus tunica cultrum arripuit porcique ventrem hinc atque illinc timida manu secuit. Nec mora, ex plagis ponderis inclinatione crescentibus tomacula cum botulis effusa sunt."
},
{
"english": "Yet also if you request something and dedicate at shrines\nthe entrails and sacrificial tomacula of a shining white piglet,\nyour prayer should be for a healthy mind in a healthy body.",
"ref": "c. 100 CE – c. 130 CE, Juvenal, Satires 10.355, (dactylic hexameter)",
"roman": "ōra͞ndum e͞st u͞t si͞t mēns sāna i͞n co͞rpŏrĕ sānō.",
"text": "U͞t tămĕn e͞t po͞scās ălĭqui͞d vŏvĕāsquĕ săce͞llīs\ne͞xta e͞t ca͞ndĭdŭlī dīvīnă tŏmācŭlă po͞rcī,"
},
{
"english": "...hoarse cook who carries around smoking tomacla at tepid eating-houses",
"ref": "86 CE – 103 CE, Martial, Epigrammata 1.41.9, (Phalacean hendecasyllable)",
"roman": "Ci͞rcu͞mfe͞rt tĕpĭdīs cŏcu͞s pŏpīnīs",
"text": "quo͞d fūma͞ntĭă quī tŏmāclă ra͞ucu͞s"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a type of sausage"
],
"id": "en-tomaculum-la-noun-s4swgJEm",
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]
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{
"word": "tomāclum"
},
{
"word": "tumātulum"
},
{
"word": "thumātulum"
},
{
"word": "thymātulum"
}
],
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"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/toˈmaː.ku.lum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ɔˈmäːkʊɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/toˈma.ku.lum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪oˈmäːkulum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "tomaculum"
}
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"title": "Uncertain"
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"4": "",
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"etymology_text": "Uncertain; probably derived in some way from Greek.\nLewis and Short refer it to Greek Ancient Greek τομή (tomḗ, “cutting, incision, insection”), in which case the ending is presumably the instrument noun suffix -culum.\nThe manuscripts of Petronius and Juvenal show a variety of other spellings, including thumatula, tumatula and thymatula; C. Pellegrino, taking this family of spellings as the true reading, argued that the cited passages actually contain a diminutive derived from Greek θῡ́μᾰτᾰ (thū́mata) (the plural of θῦμᾰ (thûma, “sacrificial animal”). However, it is difficult to get from the long vowel in Greek θῦμᾰ (thûma) to the short y̆/ŭ or ŏ attested by the scansion in Latin verse and required by Romance descendants that go back to a form *tomacella.\nBodel also considers these spellings to represent the original form, but favors an alternative etymology proposed by Watkins from Greek θύμον (thúmon, “thyme”). In Latin, thymum + -ātus would yield an adjective *thumātus (“made with thyme”), which would form a diminutive in the neuter as *thumātum + -ulus > thumātulum (“sausage seasoned with thyme”). Compare myrtum (“myrtle berry”) + -ātus > myrtātum, murtātum (“sausage seasoned with myrtle berries”), possibly the source of Italian mortadella.\nPer Bodel, the form tomācinae in Varro Res Rusticae 2.4.10, sometimes cited as an alternative derivation from the same base, is unrelated and should be emended to Comacinae.",
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{
"english": "There were sizzling tomacula located on a silver grill, and under the grill damsons with pomegranate seeds.",
"ref": "c. 27 CE – 66 CE, Petronius, Satyricon 31.11",
"text": "Fuerunt et tomacula ferventia supra craticulam argenteam posita, et infra craticulam Syriaca pruna cum granis Punici mali."
},
{
"english": "Putting on a tunic, the cook seized a knife and cut the pig's belly here and there with a fearful hand. At once, out of the gashes that were widenening from the weight, tomacula with botuli rushed out.",
"ref": "c. 27 CE – 66 CE, Petronius, Satyricon 49.10",
"text": "Recepta cocus tunica cultrum arripuit porcique ventrem hinc atque illinc timida manu secuit. Nec mora, ex plagis ponderis inclinatione crescentibus tomacula cum botulis effusa sunt."
},
{
"english": "Yet also if you request something and dedicate at shrines\nthe entrails and sacrificial tomacula of a shining white piglet,\nyour prayer should be for a healthy mind in a healthy body.",
"ref": "c. 100 CE – c. 130 CE, Juvenal, Satires 10.355, (dactylic hexameter)",
"roman": "ōra͞ndum e͞st u͞t si͞t mēns sāna i͞n co͞rpŏrĕ sānō.",
"text": "U͞t tămĕn e͞t po͞scās ălĭqui͞d vŏvĕāsquĕ săce͞llīs\ne͞xta e͞t ca͞ndĭdŭlī dīvīnă tŏmācŭlă po͞rcī,"
},
{
"english": "...hoarse cook who carries around smoking tomacla at tepid eating-houses",
"ref": "86 CE – 103 CE, Martial, Epigrammata 1.41.9, (Phalacean hendecasyllable)",
"roman": "Ci͞rcu͞mfe͞rt tĕpĭdīs cŏcu͞s pŏpīnīs",
"text": "quo͞d fūma͞ntĭă quī tŏmāclă ra͞ucu͞s"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a type of sausage"
],
"links": [
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"sausage",
"sausage"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/toˈmaː.ku.lum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ɔˈmäːkʊɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/toˈma.ku.lum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪oˈmäːkulum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tomāclum"
},
{
"word": "tumātulum"
},
{
"word": "thumātulum"
},
{
"word": "thymātulum"
}
],
"word": "tomaculum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tomaculum meaning in All languages combined (6.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.