system

head

system n (singular definite systemet, plural indefinite systemer)

systemet (definite singular)
systemer (indefinite plural)
system (indefinite nominative singular)
systemet (definite nominative singular)
systemer (indefinite nominative plural)
systemerne (definite nominative plural)
systems (genitive indefinite singular)
systemets (definite genitive singular)
systemers (genitive indefinite plural)
systemernes (definite genitive plural)

From late Latin systēma, from Ancient Greek σύστημα (sústēma, “organised whole, body”), from σύν (sún, “with, together”) + ἵστημι (hístēmi, “I stand”).


system

WIPO [the World Intellectual Property Organization] reported that China had 17 of the top 20 academic organizations filing for AI-related patents. It noted China was especially strong in the fast-growing area of "deep learning." This is a machine learning method that includes speech and facial recognition systems.

2019 February 3, “UN Study: China, US, Japan Lead World AI Development”, in Voice of America, archived from the original on 2019-02-07:

A group or set of related things that operate together as a complex whole.

(computing) A set of hardware and software operating in a computer.

The method of solving systems of equations by matrices that we will look at is based on procedures involving equations that we are familiar with from previous mathematics courses. The main idea is to reduce a given system of equations to another simpler system that has the same solutions.

2017, Ken Levasseur, Al Doerr, “More Matrix Algebra”, in Applied Discrete Structures – Part 2: Algebraic Structures: Version 3.3, [Morrisville, N.C.]: Lulu.com, →ISBN, section 12.1.1 (Solutions), page 59:

(mathematics) A set of equations involving the same variables, which are to be solved simultaneously.

To notate music that is played on a piano or is played by different musicians on various instruments, one often uses several staves to notate the various musical voices. A single vertical line drawn to the left of multiple staves creates a staff system, which indicates that the music on all staves is to be played simultaneously. A bracket is an additional vertically aligned symbol joining staves. This symbol shows groupings of instruments that function as a unit, such as the string section of an orchestra[…].

2015, Meinhard Müller, “Music Representations”, in Fundamentals of Music Processing: Audio, Analysis, Algorithms, Applications, Cham, Switzerland, Heidelberg: Springer International Publishing, →DOI, →ISBN, section 1.1.2 (Western Music Notation), page 8:

(music) A set of staves linked by a brace that indicate instruments or sounds that are to be played simultaneously.

the digestive system  the nervous system

Animals have evolved a variety of digestive systems to utilise fibre. The kangaroos have evolved a digestive system that has much in common with those found in ruminant mammals from other continents, but there are also unique features.

1995, Terence J. Dawson, “Living in the Environment – Feeding”, in Kangaroos: Biology of the Largest Marsupials, Ithaca, N.Y.: Comstock Publishing Associates, Cornell University Press, published 1998, →ISBN, page 102:

(physiology) A set of body organs having a particular function.

A set of body organs having a particular function.

But that alter often turns out to be relatively recent and fairly peripheral in the multiple's total system of alters.

1995, Stephen E. Braude, First Person Plural: Multiple Personality and the Philosophy of Mind, revised edition, Lanham, Md., London: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, →ISBN, page 56:

Rosie's courage allowed her to engage with me quickly and soon provided reassurance to others in the system that I was safe and non-abusive. Soon after, a number of other alters made themselves known to me. […] I was initially very worried that I would offend the system by missing when switches occurred, or even misidentify who was present with me.

2017, “A New Therapist”, in Patricia Frankish, Valerie Sinason, editors, Holistic Therapy for People with Dissociative Identity Disorder, London: Karnac Books, →ISBN, page 79:

multiple personalities
multiple personality

(multiplicity) A set of alters of a person, or the multiple (“an individual with multiple personalities”) who contains them.

There are eight planets in the solar system.

Yukawa is a small rock planet with a thin atmosphere of carbon dioxide. After a labor dispute with companies shipping metallic asteroids to the nearby Arcturus system, Yukawa's iron core and blanket of hematite were briefly mined to aid in the construction of Arcturus Station.

2012, BioWare, Mass Effect 3 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Yukawa, Euler system:

(astronomy) A system in which two or more objects are bound to each other by gravity.

In the footnote attached to this statement Rosen refers to the “hypnotic” quality of Kojève’s system.

2019, David McIlwain, Michael Oakeshott and Leo Strauss: The Politics of Renaissance and Enlightenment, →ISBN, page 131, note 5:

(philosophy) A comprehensive and logically organized set of propositions or philosophical beliefs.

Meronyms: the man, yes men, elephant in the room, emperor's new clothes

Some had already been incarcerated for several months awaiting trial, and some were being returned to their cells at Long Bay to wait several months longer ere they would have an` opportunity of disproving the allegations against them. Such mockery of justice is allowed by the all-powerful "system".

1919, Vance Marshall, Jail From Within, page 20:

Don't want to grow old too fast / Don't want to let the system get me down / I've got to find a way to make the good times last / And if you'll show me how, I'm ready now

1986, Madonna, Stephen Bray, Patrick Leonard, “Where's the Party”, in True Blue, performed by Madonna:

(derogatory) Preceded by the word the: the mainstream culture, controlled by the elites or government of a state, or a combination of them, seen as oppressive to the individual.

(roleplaying games) A set of rules for a tabletop roleplaying game.

A set of rules for a tabletop roleplaying game.

The capitalist system

Every age has its characteristic, and our present one is not behind its predecessors in that respect; it is the age of systems, every system enforced by a treatise. The politician who opposes the corn-laws and advocates free trade, does so on a system, which, as soon as it begins to work, will set the civilized world to rights.

1838 (date written), L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter IX, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], published 1842, →OCLC, page 112:

The bass and treble clefs combined, include all the sounds belonging to our musical system, as they appear on a 6½-octave pianoforte, extending from C C C in the bass to F in altissimo.

[1848], J[ames] A[lexander] Hamilton, “Stave”, in A New Musical Grammar, in Three Parts: viz. Notation; Harmony and Counterpoint; Rhythm or Melody, 4th edition, London: Published only by Robert Cocks and Co. […]; sold also by Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall, and Co. […], →OCLC, part I (Notation), page 23:

Similar studies of rats have employed four different intracranial resorbable, slow sustained release systems—surgical foam, a thermal gel depot, a microcapsule or biodegradable polymer beads.

2013 May–June, Charles T. Ambrose, “Alzheimer’s Disease: The Great Morbidity of the 21st Century”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, archived from the original on 2013-04-24, page 200:

Followers should have a system to follow that works in their interests, not against them.

But ſo Matters fell out, and ſo I muſt relate them; and if any Reader is ſhocked at their appearing unnatural, I cannot help it. I must remind ſuch Persons, that I am not writing a Syſtem, but a Hiſtory, and I am not obliged to reconcile every Matter to the received Notions concerning Truth and Nature.

1749, Henry Fielding, “In which Fortune Seems to have been in a Better Humour with Jones than We have hitherto Seen Her”, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume IV, London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book VIII, page 253:

As we passed along, the party of Too-wit (the whole hundred and ten savages of the canoes) was momentarily strengthened by smaller detachments, of from two to six or seven, which joined us, as if by accident, at different turns in the road. There appeared so much of system in this that I could not help feeling distrust, and I spoke to Captain Guy of my apprehensions.

1838, [Edgar Allan Poe], The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket. […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC:

As a political system democracy seems to me extraordinarily foolish, but I would not go out of my way to protest against it. My servant is, so far as I am concerned, welcome to as many votes as he can get. I would very gladly make mine over to him if I could.

1915, G[eorge] A. Birmingham [pseudonym; James Owen Hannay], chapter I, in Gossamer, New York, N.Y.: George H. Doran Company, →OCLC, pages 13–14:

He draws eclectically on studies of baboons, descriptive anthropological accounts of hunter-gatherer societies and, in a few cases, the fossil record. With this biological framework in place, [Peter] Corning endeavors to show that the capitalist system as currently practiced in the United States and elsewhere is manifestly unfair.

2012 March–April, John T[homas] Jost, “Social Justice: Is It in Our Nature (and Our Future)?”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 2017-06-21, page 162:

(countable, uncountable) A method or way of organizing or planning.

A method or way of organizing or planning.

en-noun

system (countable and uncountable, plural systems)

→ Japanese: システム (shisutemu)

系統 /系统

(computing) set of hardware and software operating in a computer

систе́ма

(mathematics) set of equations to be solved simultaneously

譜表組 /谱表组

(music) set of staves indicating instruments or sounds to be played simultaneously

系統 /系统

(physiology) set of body organs having a particular function

Partly borrowed from Middle French sisteme, systeme, partly directly from its etymon Late Latin systēma (“harmony; musical scale; set of celestial objects; set of troops; system”), from Ancient Greek σύστημα (sústēma, “musical scale; organized body; whole made of several parts or members”), from σῠνίστημῐ (sŭnístēmĭ, “to combine, organize”) + -μᾰ (-mă, resultative suffix). σῠνίστημῐ is from σῠν- (sŭn-, “with, together”) + ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to stand”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand (up)”).
Cognate with Dutch systeem, modern French système, German System, Italian sistema, Portuguese sistema, Spanish sistema. Doublet of systema.

der

Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand (up)”)


system

Borrowed from Polish system. Doublet of systema, a borrowing from German.


system

systemet (definite singular)
system (indefinite plural)
systemer (indefinite plural)
systema (definite plural)
systemene (definite plural)


system

systemet (definite singular)
system (indefinite plural)
systema (definite plural)


system

system (collection of organized things; whole composed of relationships among its members)

(technology) system (set of devices and tools as a whole)

(physiology) system (set of body organs having a particular function)

Near-synonym: teoria

(literary, philosophy) system (comprehensive and logically organized set of propositions or philosophical beliefs)

Near-synonym: metoda

system (method or way of organizing or planning)

(government) system (elites or government of a state)

(mathematics) system (set of equations involving the same variables, which are to be solved simultaneously)

(computing) system (set of hardware and software operating in a computer)

(geology) formation (layer of rock of common origin)

(astronomy) system (planetary system; a set of planets orbiting a star or star system)

(obsolete, music) system (set of staves linked by a brace that indicate instruments or sounds that are to be played simultaneously)

pl-noun

system m inan (diminutive systemik, related adjective systemowy)

systemik (diminutive)
systemowy (adjective)
system (nominative singular)
systemy (nominative plural)
systemu (genitive singular)
systemów (genitive plural)
systemowi (dative singular)
systemom (dative plural)
system (accusative singular)
systemy (accusative plural)
systemem (instrumental singular)
systemami (instrumental plural)
systemie (locative singular)
systemach (locative plural)
systemie (singular vocative)
systemy (plural vocative)
systema (alternative)

Borrowed from French système. First attested in 1628.

ref

Maksym (Melecjusz) Smotrycki (1628) APOLOGIA PEREGRYNATIEY do Kráiow Wschodnich, Przez mię MELETIVSZA SMOTRZYSKIE[G]O … Roku P. 1623 y 24. obchodzonej, przez fałszywą Bracią słownie y na pismie spotwarzoney, do przezacnego Narodu Ruskieo … sporządzona y podana. A. 1628. Augusti, Die 25. w Monasteru Dermaniu (in Polish), page 4: “O rzecz drugą, iż Haeretyckie swe bluźnierstwá poddał pod obronę systemu Kátholikowi, mężowi wysokich cnot, y okazáłey pobożnośći.”


system

a system, a way or method of organizing items and knowledge

a computer system (primarily its hardware)

a system of restricted sales of alcohol, including state-owned monopoly shops

system (indefinite nominative singular)
systems (genitive indefinite singular)
systemet (definite nominative singular)
systemets (definite genitive singular)
system (indefinite nominative plural)
systems (genitive indefinite plural)
systemen (definite nominative plural)
systemens (definite genitive plural)