"stelaną" meaning in All languages combined

See stelaną on Wiktionary

Verb [Proto-Germanic]

IPA: /ˈste.lɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology: According to Kroonen & Lubotsky (2009), from Proto-Indo-European *tsel- (“to sneak”) (compare e.g. Sanskrit त्सर् (tsar), Shughni се̂рт (sêrt, “to steal, sneak”), Old Armenian սողիմ (sołim, “to creep, to steal”)). The supposed metathesis *ts > *st has no exact parallels, but a similar development appears in *spenô (“nipple”), from Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn (“breast”). Numerous other etymologies with semantic or phonetic difficulties have been earlier proposed as well. Etymology templates: {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro|*tsel-||to sneak}} Proto-Indo-European *tsel- (“to sneak”), {{cog|sa|त्सर्}} Sanskrit त्सर् (tsar), {{cog|sgh|се̂рт||to steal, sneak}} Shughni се̂рт (sêrt, “to steal, sneak”), {{cog|xcl|սողիմ||to creep, to steal}} Old Armenian սողիմ (sołim, “to creep, to steal”), {{m|gem-pro|*spenô||nipple}} *spenô (“nipple”), {{cog|ine-pro|*pstḗn||breast}} Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn (“breast”) Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-st|stel|stal|stēl|stul|class=4}} Forms: strong [table-tags], stelō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], stelaų [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], stelai [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], stilizi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], stelaiz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], stel [active, imperative, second-person, singular], stelazai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], stelaizau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], stilidi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], stelai [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], steladau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], steladai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], stelaidau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], stelōz [active, dual, first-person, indicative], stelaiw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], steladiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], stelaidiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], steladiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], stelamaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], stelaim [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], stelandai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], stelaindau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], stilid [active, indicative, plural, second-person], stelaid [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], stilid [active, imperative, plural, second-person], stelandai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], stelaindau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], stelandi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], stelain [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], stelandau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], stelandai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], stelaindau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], stal [active, first-person, indicative, singular], stēlį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], stalt [active, indicative, second-person, singular], stēlīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], stal [active, indicative, singular, third-person], stēlī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], stēlū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], stēlīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], stēludiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], stēlīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], stēlum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], stēlīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], stēlud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], stēlīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], stēlun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], stēlīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], stelandz [active, participle, present], stulanaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to steal Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-stelaną-gem-pro-verb-6exYWwd2
  2. to sneak Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-stelaną-gem-pro-verb-0MrTOxoq Categories (other): Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 20 80
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: hlefaną Derived forms: stuldiz, stulraz Related terms: stalōną, stullōną

Download JSON data for stelaną meaning in All languages combined (10.6kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "stuldiz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "stulraz"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*stelan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *stelan\nOld English: stelan\nMiddle English: stelen\nEnglish: steal\nOld Frisian: stela\nWest Frisian: stelle\nOld Saxon: stelan\nLow German: stehlen\nOld Dutch: *stelan\nMiddle Dutch: stēlen\nDutch: stelen\nLimburgish: staele\nOld High German: stelan\nMiddle High German: stelen, steln\nBavarian: stäihn, stöhln, stöhn\nGerman: stehlen\n→ Esperanto: ŝteli\nLuxembourgish: stielen",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *stelan\nOld English: stelan\nMiddle English: stelen\nEnglish: steal\nOld Frisian: stela\nWest Frisian: stelle\nOld Saxon: stelan\nLow German: stehlen\nOld Dutch: *stelan\nMiddle Dutch: stēlen\nDutch: stelen\nLimburgish: staele\nOld High German: stelan\nMiddle High German: stelen, steln\nBavarian: stäihn, stöhln, stöhn\nGerman: stehlen\n→ Esperanto: ŝteli\nLuxembourgish: stielen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "stela"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: stela, stjala\nIcelandic: stela\nFaroese: stjala\nNorwegian Nynorsk: stela, stele\nJamtish: stjæła\nElfdalian: stjälå\nOld Swedish: stiæla, stæla; stiala\nSwedish: stjäla\nOld Danish: stælæ, stialæ, stiælæ\nDanish: stjæle\nNorwegian Bokmål: stjele\nScanian: stjæla\nGutnish: stjäle",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: stela, stjala\nIcelandic: stela\nFaroese: stjala\nNorwegian Nynorsk: stela, stele\nJamtish: stjæła\nElfdalian: stjälå\nOld Swedish: stiæla, stæla; stiala\nSwedish: stjäla\nOld Danish: stælæ, stialæ, stiælæ\nDanish: stjæle\nNorwegian Bokmål: stjele\nScanian: stjæla\nGutnish: stjäle"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽 (stilan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽 (stilan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xvn",
            "2": "*stel-"
          },
          "expansion": "Vandalic: *stel-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Vandalic: *stel-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tsel-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to sneak"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tsel- (“to sneak”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "त्सर्"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit त्सर् (tsar)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sgh",
        "2": "се̂рт",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to steal, sneak"
      },
      "expansion": "Shughni се̂рт (sêrt, “to steal, sneak”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "սողիմ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to creep, to steal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian սողիմ (sołim, “to creep, to steal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*spenô",
        "3": "",
        "4": "nipple"
      },
      "expansion": "*spenô (“nipple”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*pstḗn",
        "3": "",
        "4": "breast"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn (“breast”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "According to Kroonen & Lubotsky (2009), from Proto-Indo-European *tsel- (“to sneak”) (compare e.g. Sanskrit त्सर् (tsar), Shughni се̂рт (sêrt, “to steal, sneak”), Old Armenian սողիմ (sołim, “to creep, to steal”)). The supposed metathesis *ts > *st has no exact parallels, but a similar development appears in *spenô (“nipple”), from Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn (“breast”). Numerous other etymologies with semantic or phonetic difficulties have been earlier proposed as well.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "4",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stilizi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stel",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelazai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaizau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stilidi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steladau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steladai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaidau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steladiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaidiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steladiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stilid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stilid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelandi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelandau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stal",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stalt",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stal",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēludiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulanaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "stel",
        "2": "stal",
        "3": "stēl",
        "4": "stul",
        "class": "4"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stelaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "stalōną"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "stullōną"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to steal"
      ],
      "id": "en-stelaną-gem-pro-verb-6exYWwd2",
      "links": [
        [
          "steal",
          "steal"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 80",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to sneak"
      ],
      "id": "en-stelaną-gem-pro-verb-0MrTOxoq",
      "links": [
        [
          "sneak",
          "sneak"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈste.lɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hlefaną"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "stelaną"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Germanic class 4 strong verbs",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Proto-Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "stuldiz"
    },
    {
      "word": "stulraz"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*stelan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *stelan\nOld English: stelan\nMiddle English: stelen\nEnglish: steal\nOld Frisian: stela\nWest Frisian: stelle\nOld Saxon: stelan\nLow German: stehlen\nOld Dutch: *stelan\nMiddle Dutch: stēlen\nDutch: stelen\nLimburgish: staele\nOld High German: stelan\nMiddle High German: stelen, steln\nBavarian: stäihn, stöhln, stöhn\nGerman: stehlen\n→ Esperanto: ŝteli\nLuxembourgish: stielen",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *stelan\nOld English: stelan\nMiddle English: stelen\nEnglish: steal\nOld Frisian: stela\nWest Frisian: stelle\nOld Saxon: stelan\nLow German: stehlen\nOld Dutch: *stelan\nMiddle Dutch: stēlen\nDutch: stelen\nLimburgish: staele\nOld High German: stelan\nMiddle High German: stelen, steln\nBavarian: stäihn, stöhln, stöhn\nGerman: stehlen\n→ Esperanto: ŝteli\nLuxembourgish: stielen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "stela"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: stela, stjala\nIcelandic: stela\nFaroese: stjala\nNorwegian Nynorsk: stela, stele\nJamtish: stjæła\nElfdalian: stjälå\nOld Swedish: stiæla, stæla; stiala\nSwedish: stjäla\nOld Danish: stælæ, stialæ, stiælæ\nDanish: stjæle\nNorwegian Bokmål: stjele\nScanian: stjæla\nGutnish: stjäle",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: stela, stjala\nIcelandic: stela\nFaroese: stjala\nNorwegian Nynorsk: stela, stele\nJamtish: stjæła\nElfdalian: stjälå\nOld Swedish: stiæla, stæla; stiala\nSwedish: stjäla\nOld Danish: stælæ, stialæ, stiælæ\nDanish: stjæle\nNorwegian Bokmål: stjele\nScanian: stjæla\nGutnish: stjäle"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽 (stilan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽 (stilan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xvn",
            "2": "*stel-"
          },
          "expansion": "Vandalic: *stel-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Vandalic: *stel-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tsel-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to sneak"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tsel- (“to sneak”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "त्सर्"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit त्सर् (tsar)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sgh",
        "2": "се̂рт",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to steal, sneak"
      },
      "expansion": "Shughni се̂рт (sêrt, “to steal, sneak”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "սողիմ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to creep, to steal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian սողիմ (sołim, “to creep, to steal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*spenô",
        "3": "",
        "4": "nipple"
      },
      "expansion": "*spenô (“nipple”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*pstḗn",
        "3": "",
        "4": "breast"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn (“breast”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "According to Kroonen & Lubotsky (2009), from Proto-Indo-European *tsel- (“to sneak”) (compare e.g. Sanskrit त्सर् (tsar), Shughni се̂рт (sêrt, “to steal, sneak”), Old Armenian սողիմ (sołim, “to creep, to steal”)). The supposed metathesis *ts > *st has no exact parallels, but a similar development appears in *spenô (“nipple”), from Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn (“breast”). Numerous other etymologies with semantic or phonetic difficulties have been earlier proposed as well.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "4",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stilizi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stel",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelazai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaizau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stilidi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steladau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steladai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaidau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steladiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaidiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steladiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stilid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stilid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelandi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelandau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stal",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stalt",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stal",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēludiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stēlīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stelandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stulanaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "stel",
        "2": "stal",
        "3": "stēl",
        "4": "stul",
        "class": "4"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stelaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "stalōną"
    },
    {
      "word": "stullōną"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to steal"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "steal",
          "steal"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to sneak"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sneak",
          "sneak"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈste.lɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "hlefaną"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "stelaną"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.