See speḱ- on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for speḱ- meaning in All languages combined (17.9kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*spać-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spać-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spać-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*spaś-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spaś-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spaś-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्पश्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: स्पश् (spaś)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: स्पश् (spaś)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*spac-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *spac-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *spac-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbc",
"2": "σπισ-",
"3": "ασπισ-",
"4": "σαπισ-"
},
"expansion": "Bactrian: σπισ- (spis-), ασπισ- (aspis-), σαπισ- (sapis-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bactrian: σπισ- (spis-), ασπισ- (aspis-), σαπισ- (sapis-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"gloss": "to look",
"tr": "spāśś-"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (spāśś-, “to look”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (spāśś-, “to look”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫙𐫘𐫛"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: 𐫙𐫘𐫛 (ʿsp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: 𐫙𐫘𐫛 (ʿsp)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"tr": "ʾspʾyš",
"tr2": "ʾspyš",
"tr3": "spyš",
"tr4": "spxš"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: [script needed] (ʾspʾyš), [script needed] (ʾspyš), [script needed] (spyš), [script needed] (spxš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: [script needed] (ʾspʾyš), [script needed] (ʾspyš), [script needed] (spyš), [script needed] (spxš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*päk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *päk-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *päk-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-e-ti (thematic e-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*spáćati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spáćati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spáćati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*spáśati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spáśati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spáśati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्पशति",
"tr": "spáśati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: स्पशति (spáśati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: स्पशति (spáśati)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*spácati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *spácati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *spácati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬴𐬌𐬙𐬌",
"t": "sight; protection"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬴𐬌𐬙𐬌 (spaṣ̌iti, “sight; protection”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬴𐬌𐬙𐬌 (spaṣ̌iti, “sight; protection”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"2": "",
"t": "look",
"tr": "spāśś"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (spāśś, “look”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (spāśś, “look”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbc",
"2": "σπασο",
"t": "service",
"ts": "spās"
},
"expansion": "Bactrian: σπασο (spaso /spās/, “service”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bactrian: σπασο (spaso /spās/, “service”), ασπασο (aspaso /əspās/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"t": "service, worship, respect",
"ts": "(ə)spās"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: (/(ə)spās/, “service, worship, respect”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: (/(ə)spās/, “service, worship, respect”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫀𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘 (ʾspʾs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘 (ʾspʾs), 𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘 (spʾs)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "ʾspʾs"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (ʾspʾs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (ʾspʾs), [script needed] (spʾs)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܐܣܦܐܣ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "ʾspʾs"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܐܣܦܐܣ (ʾspʾs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܐܣܦܐܣ (ʾspʾs), ܣܦܐܣ (spʾs)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "سپاس"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: سپاس (spas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: سپاس (spas), سوپاس (supas)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "spas"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: spas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: spas"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdh",
"2": "سِپاس"
},
"expansion": "Southern Kurdish: سِپاس (sipas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Kurdish: سِپاس (sipas)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "-",
"t": "service",
"ts": "(a)spās"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: (/(a)spās/, “service”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: (/(a)spās/, “service”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐭎𐭐𐭎𐭉",
"sc": "Prti",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭎𐭐𐭎𐭉 (spsy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭎𐭐𐭎𐭉 (spsy)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫀𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘 (ʾspʾs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘 (ʾspʾs)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"t": "service; thanks, gratitude",
"ts": "(i)spās"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/(i)spās/, “service; thanks, gratitude”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/(i)spās/, “service; thanks, gratitude”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐭮𐭯𐭠𐭮𐭩",
"sc": "Phli",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭮𐭯𐭠𐭮𐭩 (spʾsy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭮𐭯𐭠𐭮𐭩 (spʾsy)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘 (ʿspʾs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘 (ʿspʾs)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "spʾs"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (spʾs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (spʾs)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-ye-ti (ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spḱ-néw-ti ~ *spḱ-n̥w-énti (*new-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*spaćnáwti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spaćnáwti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spaćnáwti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*spacnáwti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *spacnáwti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *spacnáwti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-old",
"2": "𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬥𐬎𐬚𐬁",
"pos": "2pl.pres.ind."
},
"expansion": "Old Avestan: 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬥𐬎𐬚𐬁 (spašnuθā, 2pl.pres.ind.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Avestan: 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬥𐬎𐬚𐬁 (spašnuθā, 2pl.pres.ind.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spḗḱ-s-t ~ *spéḱ-s-n̥t (*s-perfective)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*éskēpset"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *éskēpset",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *éskēpset"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκέψατο"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: σκέψατο (sképsato)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: σκέψατο (sképsato)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Háspāćšt"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háspāćšt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háspāćšt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Háspāṭṣat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Háspāṭṣat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Háspāṭṣat"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अस्पष्ट",
"tr": "áspaṣṭa"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: अस्पष्ट (áspaṣṭa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: अस्पष्ट (áspaṣṭa)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*speksai"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *speksai",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *speksai"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spexī"
},
"expansion": "Latin: spexī",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: spexī"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-eh₂-ti (eh₂-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*spehōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *spehōną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *spehōną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spoḱ-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*skopéyō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *skopéyō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *skopéyō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκοπέω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: σκοπέω (skopéō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: σκοπέω (skopéō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*spāćáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spāćáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spāćáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*spāśáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spāśáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spāśáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्पाशयति",
"tr": "spāśáyati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: स्पाशयति (spāśáyati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: स्पाशयति (spāśáyati)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-s ~ *spḱ-és"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*speḱ-u-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*spekus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *spekus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *spekus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "specus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: specus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: specus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*speḱ-yeh₁-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*spekjēs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *spekjēs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *spekjēs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "speciēs"
},
"expansion": "Latin: speciēs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: speciēs"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spoḱ-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*spokós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *spokós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *spokós"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκοπός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: σκοπός (skopós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: σκοπός (skopós)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spoḱ-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*spahō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *spahō\nProto-West Germanic: *spehu\nOld Saxon: *speha\nMiddle Low German: *spē\nLow German: spee\nOld Dutch: *spia\nMiddle Dutch: spie\nDutch: spie, spee, spij (dialectal)\nOld High German: speha\nMiddle High German: spehe, spē\nGerman: Spähe\nProto-Norse: ᛋᛒᛡ (sbᴀ)\nOld Norse: spá\nIcelandic: spá",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *spahō\nProto-West Germanic: *spehu\nOld Saxon: *speha\nMiddle Low German: *spē\nLow German: spee\nOld Dutch: *spia\nMiddle Dutch: spie\nDutch: spie, spee, spij (dialectal)\nOld High German: speha\nMiddle High German: spehe, spē\nGerman: Spähe\nProto-Norse: ᛋᛒᛡ (sbᴀ)\nOld Norse: spá\nIcelandic: spá"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*skopā́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *skopā́",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *skopā́"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκοπή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: σκοπή (skopḗ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: σκοπή (skopḗ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-mn̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*spekmen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *spekmen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *spekmen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "specimen"
},
"expansion": "Latin: specimen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inserted i"
},
"expansion": "(inserted i)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Latin: specimen (inserted i)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-tis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*sképtis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *sképtis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *sképtis"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκέψις"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: σκέψις (sképsis)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: σκέψις (sképsis)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spḱ-tós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*spaštás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spaštás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spaštás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*spaṣṭás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spaṣṭás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spaṣṭás"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्पष्ट",
"tr": "spaṣṭá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: स्पष्ट (spaṣṭá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: स्पष्ट (spaṣṭá)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*spaštáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *spaštáh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *spaštáh"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬌𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬌𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀 (auuispašta)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬌𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀 (auuispašta)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫏𐫢𐫤"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: 𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫏𐫢𐫤 (ʿspyšt)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: 𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫏𐫢𐫤 (ʿspyšt)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*spektos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *spektos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *spektos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spectus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: spectus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: spectus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xum",
"2": "𐌔𐌐𐌄𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌄",
"pos": "dat.sg."
},
"expansion": "Umbrian: 𐌔𐌐𐌄𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌄 (speture, dat.sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Umbrian: 𐌔𐌐𐌄𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌄 (speture, dat.sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-tḗr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*spáštā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spáštā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spáštā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*spáštā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *spáštā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *spáštā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-yng",
"2": "𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀𐬭",
"t": "protector, guardian; seer"
},
"expansion": "Younger Avestan: 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀𐬭 (spaštar, “protector, guardian; seer”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀𐬭 (spaštar, “protector, guardian; seer”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-tro-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*spektrom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *spektrom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *spektrom"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spectrum"
},
"expansion": "Latin: spectrum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: spectrum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-tlo-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*spektlom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *spektlom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *spektlom"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "speculum"
},
"expansion": "Latin: speculum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: speculum, specula"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/speḱ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European sCeC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to see, to look, to observe"
],
"id": "en-speḱ--ine-pro-root-IXP5B6qW",
"links": [
[
"see",
"see"
],
[
"look",
"look"
],
[
"observe",
"observe"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "speḱ-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*spać-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spać-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spać-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*spaś-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spaś-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spaś-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्पश्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: स्पश् (spaś)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: स्पश् (spaś)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*spac-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *spac-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *spac-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbc",
"2": "σπισ-",
"3": "ασπισ-",
"4": "σαπισ-"
},
"expansion": "Bactrian: σπισ- (spis-), ασπισ- (aspis-), σαπισ- (sapis-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bactrian: σπισ- (spis-), ασπισ- (aspis-), σαπισ- (sapis-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"gloss": "to look",
"tr": "spāśś-"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (spāśś-, “to look”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (spāśś-, “to look”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫙𐫘𐫛"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: 𐫙𐫘𐫛 (ʿsp)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: 𐫙𐫘𐫛 (ʿsp)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"tr": "ʾspʾyš",
"tr2": "ʾspyš",
"tr3": "spyš",
"tr4": "spxš"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: [script needed] (ʾspʾyš), [script needed] (ʾspyš), [script needed] (spyš), [script needed] (spxš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: [script needed] (ʾspʾyš), [script needed] (ʾspyš), [script needed] (spyš), [script needed] (spxš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*päk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *päk-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *päk-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-e-ti (thematic e-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*spáćati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spáćati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spáćati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*spáśati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spáśati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spáśati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्पशति",
"tr": "spáśati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: स्पशति (spáśati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: स्पशति (spáśati)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*spácati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *spácati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *spácati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬴𐬌𐬙𐬌",
"t": "sight; protection"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬴𐬌𐬙𐬌 (spaṣ̌iti, “sight; protection”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬴𐬌𐬙𐬌 (spaṣ̌iti, “sight; protection”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"2": "",
"t": "look",
"tr": "spāśś"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (spāśś, “look”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (spāśś, “look”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbc",
"2": "σπασο",
"t": "service",
"ts": "spās"
},
"expansion": "Bactrian: σπασο (spaso /spās/, “service”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bactrian: σπασο (spaso /spās/, “service”), ασπασο (aspaso /əspās/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"t": "service, worship, respect",
"ts": "(ə)spās"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: (/(ə)spās/, “service, worship, respect”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: (/(ə)spās/, “service, worship, respect”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫀𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘 (ʾspʾs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘 (ʾspʾs), 𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘 (spʾs)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "ʾspʾs"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (ʾspʾs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (ʾspʾs), [script needed] (spʾs)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܐܣܦܐܣ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "ʾspʾs"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܐܣܦܐܣ (ʾspʾs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܐܣܦܐܣ (ʾspʾs), ܣܦܐܣ (spʾs)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "سپاس"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: سپاس (spas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: سپاس (spas), سوپاس (supas)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "spas"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: spas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: spas"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdh",
"2": "سِپاس"
},
"expansion": "Southern Kurdish: سِپاس (sipas)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Kurdish: سِپاس (sipas)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "-",
"t": "service",
"ts": "(a)spās"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: (/(a)spās/, “service”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: (/(a)spās/, “service”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐭎𐭐𐭎𐭉",
"sc": "Prti",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭎𐭐𐭎𐭉 (spsy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭎𐭐𐭎𐭉 (spsy)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫀𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘 (ʾspʾs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘 (ʾspʾs)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"t": "service; thanks, gratitude",
"ts": "(i)spās"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/(i)spās/, “service; thanks, gratitude”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/(i)spās/, “service; thanks, gratitude”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐭮𐭯𐭠𐭮𐭩",
"sc": "Phli",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭮𐭯𐭠𐭮𐭩 (spʾsy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭮𐭯𐭠𐭮𐭩 (spʾsy)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘 (ʿspʾs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫀𐫘 (ʿspʾs)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "spʾs"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (spʾs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (spʾs)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-ye-ti (ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spḱ-néw-ti ~ *spḱ-n̥w-énti (*new-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*spaćnáwti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spaćnáwti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spaćnáwti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*spacnáwti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *spacnáwti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *spacnáwti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-old",
"2": "𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬥𐬎𐬚𐬁",
"pos": "2pl.pres.ind."
},
"expansion": "Old Avestan: 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬥𐬎𐬚𐬁 (spašnuθā, 2pl.pres.ind.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Avestan: 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬥𐬎𐬚𐬁 (spašnuθā, 2pl.pres.ind.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spḗḱ-s-t ~ *spéḱ-s-n̥t (*s-perfective)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*éskēpset"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *éskēpset",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *éskēpset"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκέψατο"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: σκέψατο (sképsato)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: σκέψατο (sképsato)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Háspāćšt"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háspāćšt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háspāćšt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Háspāṭṣat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Háspāṭṣat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Háspāṭṣat"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अस्पष्ट",
"tr": "áspaṣṭa"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: अस्पष्ट (áspaṣṭa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: अस्पष्ट (áspaṣṭa)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*speksai"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *speksai",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *speksai"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spexī"
},
"expansion": "Latin: spexī",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: spexī"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-eh₂-ti (eh₂-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*spehōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *spehōną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *spehōną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spoḱ-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*skopéyō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *skopéyō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *skopéyō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκοπέω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: σκοπέω (skopéō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: σκοπέω (skopéō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*spāćáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spāćáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spāćáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*spāśáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spāśáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spāśáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्पाशयति",
"tr": "spāśáyati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: स्पाशयति (spāśáyati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: स्पाशयति (spāśáyati)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-s ~ *spḱ-és"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*speḱ-u-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*spekus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *spekus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *spekus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "specus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: specus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: specus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*speḱ-yeh₁-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*spekjēs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *spekjēs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *spekjēs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "speciēs"
},
"expansion": "Latin: speciēs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: speciēs"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spoḱ-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*spokós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *spokós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *spokós"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκοπός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: σκοπός (skopós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: σκοπός (skopós)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spoḱ-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*spahō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *spahō\nProto-West Germanic: *spehu\nOld Saxon: *speha\nMiddle Low German: *spē\nLow German: spee\nOld Dutch: *spia\nMiddle Dutch: spie\nDutch: spie, spee, spij (dialectal)\nOld High German: speha\nMiddle High German: spehe, spē\nGerman: Spähe\nProto-Norse: ᛋᛒᛡ (sbᴀ)\nOld Norse: spá\nIcelandic: spá",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *spahō\nProto-West Germanic: *spehu\nOld Saxon: *speha\nMiddle Low German: *spē\nLow German: spee\nOld Dutch: *spia\nMiddle Dutch: spie\nDutch: spie, spee, spij (dialectal)\nOld High German: speha\nMiddle High German: spehe, spē\nGerman: Spähe\nProto-Norse: ᛋᛒᛡ (sbᴀ)\nOld Norse: spá\nIcelandic: spá"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*skopā́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *skopā́",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *skopā́"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκοπή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: σκοπή (skopḗ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: σκοπή (skopḗ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-mn̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*spekmen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *spekmen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *spekmen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "specimen"
},
"expansion": "Latin: specimen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inserted i"
},
"expansion": "(inserted i)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Latin: specimen (inserted i)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-tis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*sképtis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *sképtis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *sképtis"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκέψις"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: σκέψις (sképsis)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: σκέψις (sképsis)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spḱ-tós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*spaštás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spaštás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spaštás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*spaṣṭás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spaṣṭás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spaṣṭás"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्पष्ट",
"tr": "spaṣṭá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: स्पष्ट (spaṣṭá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: स्पष्ट (spaṣṭá)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*spaštáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *spaštáh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *spaštáh"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬌𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬌𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀 (auuispašta)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬌𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀 (auuispašta)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫏𐫢𐫤"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: 𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫏𐫢𐫤 (ʿspyšt)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: 𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫏𐫢𐫤 (ʿspyšt)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*spektos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *spektos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *spektos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spectus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: spectus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: spectus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xum",
"2": "𐌔𐌐𐌄𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌄",
"pos": "dat.sg."
},
"expansion": "Umbrian: 𐌔𐌐𐌄𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌄 (speture, dat.sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Umbrian: 𐌔𐌐𐌄𐌕𐌖𐌓𐌄 (speture, dat.sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-tḗr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*spáštā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spáštā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spáštā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*spáštā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *spáštā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *spáštā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-yng",
"2": "𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀𐬭",
"t": "protector, guardian; seer"
},
"expansion": "Younger Avestan: 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀𐬭 (spaštar, “protector, guardian; seer”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Younger Avestan: 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀𐬭 (spaštar, “protector, guardian; seer”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-tro-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*spektrom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *spektrom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *spektrom"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spectrum"
},
"expansion": "Latin: spectrum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: spectrum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*spéḱ-tlo-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*spektlom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *spektlom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *spektlom"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "speculum"
},
"expansion": "Latin: speculum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: speculum, specula"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/speḱ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots",
"Proto-Indo-European sCeC-shape roots",
"ine-pro:Vision"
],
"glosses": [
"to see, to look, to observe"
],
"links": [
[
"see",
"see"
],
[
"look",
"look"
],
[
"observe",
"observe"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "speḱ-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.