See spandrel on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for spandrel meaning in All languages combined (7.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spandrelled"
}
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"etymology_text": "From a diminutive in -el of Anglo-Norman spaundre, of uncertain origin, perhaps from Old French espandre (“to expand, extend, spread”). More at spawn, expand.\nIn the field of biology first used by Stephen Jay Gould and Richard Lewontin.",
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{
"ref": "2023 May 3, Philip Haigh, “The art and science of building bridges”, in RAIL, number 982, page 40",
"text": "Usual practice then builds a wall above each curved end of the arch, known as a spandrel, which directly joins the bridge's sidewalls. […] With sidewalls and spandrels in place, you can fill the space between them with material up to the height of the bridge deck, and then place the road or railway on top.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"text": "Coordinate term: pendentive"
}
],
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"The space (often more or less triangular) between the outer curve of an arch (the extrados) and a straight-sided figure that bounds it; the space between two contiguous arches and a straight feature above them."
],
"id": "en-spandrel-en-noun-Ub4m2jv0",
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"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture) The space (often more or less triangular) between the outer curve of an arch (the extrados) and a straight-sided figure that bounds it; the space between two contiguous arches and a straight feature above them."
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "54 32 8 5 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "space between an arch and another object",
"tags": [
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"word": "zwik"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 32 8 5 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "space between an arch and another object",
"tags": [
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"word": "Zwickel"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 32 8 5 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "space between an arch and another object",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bogenzwickel"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 32 8 5 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "space between an arch and another object",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pedentif"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 32 8 5 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "space between an arch and another object",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spandrille"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 32 8 5 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "space between an arch and another object",
"word": "csegely"
}
]
},
{
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"name": "Architecture",
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"examples": [
{
"text": "2002, Kerstin Lang, Seismic Vulnerability of Existing Buildings, vdf Hochschulverlag AG, page 25,\nDue to the fact that the walls are joined by floors and spandrels, a coupling effect is produced. Depending on the extent of the spandrels, this coupling effect will be bigger or smaller."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Horizontal member between the windows of successive storeys of a tall building."
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"id": "en-spandrel-en-noun-eXj8VqDG",
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"(architecture) Horizontal member between the windows of successive storeys of a tall building."
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],
"glosses": [
"The triangular space under a stair; the material that fills the space."
],
"id": "en-spandrel-en-noun-uqGLkhXB",
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[
"architecture",
"architecture"
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[
"stair",
"stair"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture) The triangular space under a stair; the material that fills the space."
],
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"architecture"
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},
{
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"glosses": [
"An oriental rug having a pattern of arches; the design in the corners of such a rug, especially in a prayer rug."
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009, Anna R. Kinsella, Language Evolution and Syntactic Theory, Cambridge University Press, page 13",
"text": "Another type of theory emphasises the sometimes accidental nature of evolution. A spandrel is a structure arising as a by-product of some other architectural configuration. In evolutionary terms, a spandrel is some trait of an organism which emerges not through direct adaptionist or exaptationist means, but rather as a side effect of some other evolutionary development.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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"A phenotypic characteristic that evolved as a side effect of an adaptation in response to evolutionary pressure."
],
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"(evolutionary theory) A phenotypic characteristic that evolved as a side effect of an adaptation in response to evolutionary pressure."
]
}
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"word": "spandril"
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"Richard Lewontin",
"Stephen Jay Gould"
],
"word": "spandrel"
}
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"ref": "2023 May 3, Philip Haigh, “The art and science of building bridges”, in RAIL, number 982, page 40",
"text": "Usual practice then builds a wall above each curved end of the arch, known as a spandrel, which directly joins the bridge's sidewalls. […] With sidewalls and spandrels in place, you can fill the space between them with material up to the height of the bridge deck, and then place the road or railway on top.",
"type": "quotation"
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{
"text": "Coordinate term: pendentive"
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"The space (often more or less triangular) between the outer curve of an arch (the extrados) and a straight-sided figure that bounds it; the space between two contiguous arches and a straight feature above them."
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"(architecture) The space (often more or less triangular) between the outer curve of an arch (the extrados) and a straight-sided figure that bounds it; the space between two contiguous arches and a straight feature above them."
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
},
{
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],
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{
"text": "2002, Kerstin Lang, Seismic Vulnerability of Existing Buildings, vdf Hochschulverlag AG, page 25,\nDue to the fact that the walls are joined by floors and spandrels, a coupling effect is produced. Depending on the extent of the spandrels, this coupling effect will be bigger or smaller."
}
],
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"Horizontal member between the windows of successive storeys of a tall building."
],
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"(architecture) Horizontal member between the windows of successive storeys of a tall building."
],
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},
{
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"The triangular space under a stair; the material that fills the space."
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"(architecture) The triangular space under a stair; the material that fills the space."
],
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},
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],
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"text": "Another type of theory emphasises the sometimes accidental nature of evolution. A spandrel is a structure arising as a by-product of some other architectural configuration. In evolutionary terms, a spandrel is some trait of an organism which emerges not through direct adaptionist or exaptationist means, but rather as a side effect of some other evolutionary development.",
"type": "quotation"
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"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "space between an arch and another object",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zwik"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "space between an arch and another object",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zwickel"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "space between an arch and another object",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bogenzwickel"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "space between an arch and another object",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pedentif"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "space between an arch and another object",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spandrille"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "space between an arch and another object",
"word": "csegely"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Richard Lewontin",
"Stephen Jay Gould"
],
"word": "spandrel"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.