See sorweful on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "sorrowful"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sorrafu"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "sorowfull"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sorrafu"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "sorrowfull"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swergʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sorhful",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English sorhful",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sorhful"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English sorhful",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sorwe",
"3": "-ful",
"nocap": "1",
"t1": "sorrow, suffering",
"t2": "-ful"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, sorwe (“sorrow, suffering”) + -ful (“-ful”)",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English sorhful; by surface analysis, sorwe (“sorrow, suffering”) + -ful (“-ful”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sorewful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sorghful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sorowful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soruful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sorwful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "seorhful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "seoruhful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sorchful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sorehful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sorhful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "serrhfull",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
},
{
"form": "sorefull",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "soreuful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sorȝfol",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sorofull",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sorowfull",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sorwefol",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sorwfulle",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "zorȝvol",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "sereuhful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "sorful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "sorþfol",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"form": "sereuful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "serful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "serwȝful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "serwhful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sorweful",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sorweful",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Goes in the chamber roaming to and fro,\nAnd to himself lamenting his woe;\nThat he was born, full often he said, ‘alas!’",
"ref": "late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Knight's Tale, The Canterbury Tales, line 1070-1073",
"roman": "This sorrowful prisoner, this Palamon,",
"text": "This sorweful prisoner, this Palamoun,\nGoth in the chambre, roming to and fro,\nAnd to him-self compleyning of his wo;\nThat he was born, ful ofte he seyde, ‘alas!’",
"translation": "Goes in the chamber roaming to and fro,\nAnd to himself lamenting his woe;\nThat he was born, full often he said, ‘alas!’",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sorrowful, sad, distressed"
],
"id": "en-sorweful-enm-adj-x8bWFOta",
"links": [
[
"Sorrowful",
"sorrowful"
],
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"distressed",
"distressed"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Sorrowful, sad, distressed:"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 63 29 3 0 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sadness",
"orig": "enm:Sadness",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sorrowful, sad, distressed:",
"Distressing; inducing sadness."
],
"id": "en-sorweful-enm-adj-rAsvw2kv",
"links": [
[
"Sorrowful",
"sorrowful"
],
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"distressed",
"distressed"
],
[
"Distressing",
"distressing"
],
[
"inducing",
"induce"
],
[
"sadness",
"sadness"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Sorrowful, sad, distressed:",
"Contrite, repentant; having regret."
],
"id": "en-sorweful-enm-adj-w1eRiL9P",
"links": [
[
"Sorrowful",
"sorrowful"
],
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"distressed",
"distressed"
],
[
"Contrite",
"contrite"
],
[
"repentant",
"repentant"
],
[
"regret",
"regret"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Sorrowful, sad, distressed:",
"Suffering, miserable, troubled; beset with woe."
],
"id": "en-sorweful-enm-adj-xYKUXTz3",
"links": [
[
"Sorrowful",
"sorrowful"
],
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"distressed",
"distressed"
],
[
"Suffering",
"suffering"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"woe",
"woe"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Painful, intolerable; hard to endure (especially from physical pain)"
],
"id": "en-sorweful-enm-adj-3bCf0xeL",
"links": [
[
"Painful",
"painful"
],
[
"intolerable",
"intolerable"
],
[
"endure",
"endure"
],
[
"physical",
"physical#English"
],
[
"pain",
"pain#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 17 8 11 0 33 22",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Anger",
"orig": "enm:Anger",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Irate, angered (especially from envy)"
],
"id": "en-sorweful-enm-adj-0Oe0412B",
"links": [
[
"Irate",
"irate"
],
[
"angered",
"anger"
],
[
"envy",
"envy#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 15 11 14 6 13 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 10 16 3 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -ful",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 18 12 18 0 10 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 6 9 0 5 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 14 13 3 14 48",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Ethics",
"orig": "enm:Ethics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 25 28 45",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Pain",
"orig": "enm:Pain",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Evil, detestable; of low morals."
],
"id": "en-sorweful-enm-adj-Vga9pbZ8",
"links": [
[
"Evil",
"evil"
],
[
"detestable",
"detestable"
],
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"moral",
"moral"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɔrwəful/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɔrɔu̯ful/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɔr(ə)ful/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzɔrxvul/",
"tags": [
"Kent"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzɛriu̯vul/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzɛrvul/",
"note": "Southwest Midland"
}
],
"word": "sorweful"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *swergʰ-",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -ful",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Anger",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:Pain",
"enm:Sadness"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "sorrowful"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sorrafu"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "sorowfull"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sorrafu"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "sorrowfull"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swergʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sorhful",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English sorhful",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sorhful"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English sorhful",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sorwe",
"3": "-ful",
"nocap": "1",
"t1": "sorrow, suffering",
"t2": "-ful"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, sorwe (“sorrow, suffering”) + -ful (“-ful”)",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English sorhful; by surface analysis, sorwe (“sorrow, suffering”) + -ful (“-ful”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sorewful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sorghful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sorowful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soruful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sorwful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "seorhful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "seoruhful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sorchful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sorehful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sorhful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "serrhfull",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
},
{
"form": "sorefull",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "soreuful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sorȝfol",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sorofull",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sorowfull",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sorwefol",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sorwfulle",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "zorȝvol",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "sereuhful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "sorful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "sorþfol",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"form": "sereuful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "serful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "serwȝful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "serwhful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sorweful",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sorweful",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Goes in the chamber roaming to and fro,\nAnd to himself lamenting his woe;\nThat he was born, full often he said, ‘alas!’",
"ref": "late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Knight's Tale, The Canterbury Tales, line 1070-1073",
"roman": "This sorrowful prisoner, this Palamon,",
"text": "This sorweful prisoner, this Palamoun,\nGoth in the chambre, roming to and fro,\nAnd to him-self compleyning of his wo;\nThat he was born, ful ofte he seyde, ‘alas!’",
"translation": "Goes in the chamber roaming to and fro,\nAnd to himself lamenting his woe;\nThat he was born, full often he said, ‘alas!’",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sorrowful, sad, distressed"
],
"links": [
[
"Sorrowful",
"sorrowful"
],
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"distressed",
"distressed"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Sorrowful, sad, distressed:"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"Sorrowful, sad, distressed:",
"Distressing; inducing sadness."
],
"links": [
[
"Sorrowful",
"sorrowful"
],
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"distressed",
"distressed"
],
[
"Distressing",
"distressing"
],
[
"inducing",
"induce"
],
[
"sadness",
"sadness"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"Sorrowful, sad, distressed:",
"Contrite, repentant; having regret."
],
"links": [
[
"Sorrowful",
"sorrowful"
],
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"distressed",
"distressed"
],
[
"Contrite",
"contrite"
],
[
"repentant",
"repentant"
],
[
"regret",
"regret"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"Sorrowful, sad, distressed:",
"Suffering, miserable, troubled; beset with woe."
],
"links": [
[
"Sorrowful",
"sorrowful"
],
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"distressed",
"distressed"
],
[
"Suffering",
"suffering"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"woe",
"woe"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Painful, intolerable; hard to endure (especially from physical pain)"
],
"links": [
[
"Painful",
"painful"
],
[
"intolerable",
"intolerable"
],
[
"endure",
"endure"
],
[
"physical",
"physical#English"
],
[
"pain",
"pain#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Irate, angered (especially from envy)"
],
"links": [
[
"Irate",
"irate"
],
[
"angered",
"anger"
],
[
"envy",
"envy#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Evil, detestable; of low morals."
],
"links": [
[
"Evil",
"evil"
],
[
"detestable",
"detestable"
],
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"moral",
"moral"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɔrwəful/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɔrɔu̯ful/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɔr(ə)ful/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzɔrxvul/",
"tags": [
"Kent"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzɛriu̯vul/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzɛrvul/",
"note": "Southwest Midland"
}
],
"word": "sorweful"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sorweful meaning in All languages combined (6.2kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''Sorrowful, sad, distressed:'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"sorweful"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "sorweful",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.