See skuppōną on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "schuppen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: schuppen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: schuppen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "scuppen",
"3": "*scoppen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: scuppen, *scoppen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: scuppen, *scoppen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schoppen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: schoppen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: schoppen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "skop"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: skop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: skop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "schopfen",
"3": "schupfen",
"4": "schüpfen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: schopfen, schupfen, schüpfen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "northern"
},
"expansion": "(northern)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: schopfen, schupfen, schüpfen; (northern) schoppen, schuppen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "schupfn"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian: schupfn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bavarian: schupfn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schubsen"
},
"expansion": "German: schubsen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "regional"
},
"expansion": "(regional)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "(German: schubsen); schuppen, schupfen (regional)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "*skopa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: *skopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: *skopa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "skopa"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: skopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: skopa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "skopa"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: skopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: skopa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "skubba",
"3": "skuppa",
"4": "skopa"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: skubba, skuppa, skopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: skubba, skuppa, skopa"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skùbinti",
"3": "",
"4": "to rush, hurry"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian skùbinti (“to rush, hurry”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Pre-Germanic *skubʰnéh₂-, an iterative formation to *skeubaną (“to shove”). Particularly close in formation to Lithuanian skùbinti (“to rush, hurry”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōsai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōsau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōndz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "skupp"
},
"name": "gem-conj-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skuppōną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to shove, push, swing"
],
"id": "en-skuppōną-gem-pro-verb-pHCQ81av",
"links": [
[
"shove",
"shove"
],
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"swing",
"swing"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈskup.pɔː.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "skuppōną"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "schoven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: schoven",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: schoven"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schobben",
"3": "schoppen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: schobben, schoppen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "early modern"
},
"expansion": "(early modern)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: schobben, schoppen (early modern)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "schopfen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: schopfen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: schopfen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skopa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: skopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: skopa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "skopa"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: skopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: skopa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "skopa"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: skopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: skopa"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*skep-",
"t": "to mock"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *skep- (“to mock”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκώπτω",
"t": "to mock"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σκώπτω (skṓptō, “to mock”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Considered by Kroonen to be a secondary zero-grade iterative to a Proto-Indo-European *skep- (“to mock”), and not equivalent to the \"shove\" sense of Etymology 1. Probably related to Ancient Greek σκώπτω (skṓptō, “to mock”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōsai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōsau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōndz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "skupp"
},
"name": "gem-conj-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skuppōną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to mock, scoff"
],
"id": "en-skuppōną-gem-pro-verb-vQ5W5q~V",
"links": [
[
"mock",
"mock"
],
[
"scoff",
"scoff"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "skaupą"
},
{
"word": "skupą"
},
{
"word": "skufą"
},
{
"word": "skupaz"
},
{
"word": "skuppaz"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈskup.pɔː.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "skuppōną"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic class 2 weak iterative verbs",
"Proto-Germanic class 2 weak verbs",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "schuppen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: schuppen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: schuppen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "scuppen",
"3": "*scoppen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: scuppen, *scoppen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: scuppen, *scoppen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schoppen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: schoppen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: schoppen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "skop"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: skop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: skop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "schopfen",
"3": "schupfen",
"4": "schüpfen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: schopfen, schupfen, schüpfen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "northern"
},
"expansion": "(northern)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: schopfen, schupfen, schüpfen; (northern) schoppen, schuppen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "schupfn"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian: schupfn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bavarian: schupfn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schubsen"
},
"expansion": "German: schubsen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "regional"
},
"expansion": "(regional)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "(German: schubsen); schuppen, schupfen (regional)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "*skopa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: *skopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: *skopa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "skopa"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: skopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: skopa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "skopa"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: skopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: skopa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "skubba",
"3": "skuppa",
"4": "skopa"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: skubba, skuppa, skopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: skubba, skuppa, skopa"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skùbinti",
"3": "",
"4": "to rush, hurry"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian skùbinti (“to rush, hurry”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Pre-Germanic *skubʰnéh₂-, an iterative formation to *skeubaną (“to shove”). Particularly close in formation to Lithuanian skùbinti (“to rush, hurry”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōsai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōsau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōndz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "skupp"
},
"name": "gem-conj-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skuppōną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to shove, push, swing"
],
"links": [
[
"shove",
"shove"
],
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"swing",
"swing"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈskup.pɔː.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "skuppōną"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic class 2 weak iterative verbs",
"Proto-Germanic class 2 weak verbs",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "schoven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: schoven",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: schoven"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schobben",
"3": "schoppen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: schobben, schoppen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "early modern"
},
"expansion": "(early modern)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: schobben, schoppen (early modern)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "schopfen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: schopfen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: schopfen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skopa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: skopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: skopa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "skopa"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: skopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: skopa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "skopa"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: skopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: skopa"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*skep-",
"t": "to mock"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *skep- (“to mock”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σκώπτω",
"t": "to mock"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σκώπτω (skṓptō, “to mock”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Considered by Kroonen to be a secondary zero-grade iterative to a Proto-Indo-European *skep- (“to mock”), and not equivalent to the \"shove\" sense of Etymology 1. Probably related to Ancient Greek σκώπτω (skṓptō, “to mock”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōsai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōsau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdēdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōndz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "skuppōdaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "skupp"
},
"name": "gem-conj-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skuppōną",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "skaupą"
},
{
"word": "skupą"
},
{
"word": "skufą"
},
{
"word": "skupaz"
},
{
"word": "skuppaz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to mock, scoff"
],
"links": [
[
"mock",
"mock"
],
[
"scoff",
"scoff"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈskup.pɔː.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "skuppōną"
}
Download raw JSONL data for skuppōną meaning in All languages combined (18.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.