See s-riŋ ~ s-r(j)aŋ on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Chinese:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "生 (*sreŋ, sreŋ-s, “to live; to be born; to bear”), 生 (*ɴ-sreŋ, “fresh, raw (B-S); *sl̥eːŋ, sreŋs (ZS)”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "(in the oracle bone script)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "牲 (*sreŋ (B-S; unlisted, theoretical); *sreŋ (ZS), “a (live) sacrificial animal”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "青 (*ɴ-sˁ‹r›eŋ (B-S); *sl̥eːŋ (ZS), “blue-green”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Vietnamese",
"2": "<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">xanh</i> (“blue, green”)"
},
"expansion": "→Vietnamese: xanh (“blue, green”)",
"name": "sit-loan"
}
],
"text": "→Vietnamese: xanh (“blue, green”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "*k-saŋ"
},
"expansion": "*k-saŋ",
"name": "IPAfont"
}
],
"text": "蒼 /苍 (*t͡sʰˁaŋ (B-S); *sʰaːŋ (ZS), “deep blue-green”) (< *k-saŋ? (Schuessler, 2007))"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "性 (*seŋ-s (B-S); *sleŋs (ZS), “nature (of man)”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "姓 (*seŋ-s (B-S); *sleŋs (ZS), “surname”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "菁 (*ʔsleŋ (ZS), “luxuriant”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "and perhaps 情 (*dzeŋ (B-S); *zleŋ (ZS), “emotion, nature”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Modern Mandarin"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Beijing: 生, 牲 (shēng) (shēng, /ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/), 青 (qīng, /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/), 蒼 /苍 (cāng, /t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/), 性 (xìng), 姓 (xìng) (xìng, /ɕiŋ⁵¹/), 菁 (jīng) (jīng, /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/), 情 (qíng) (qíng, /t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Himalayish"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tibeto-Kanauri"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Bodic"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tibetan"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "གསིང་མ",
"t": "pastureland, meadow with green grass"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan: གསིང་མ (gsing ma, “pastureland, meadow with green grass”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Written Tibetan: གསིང་མ (gsing ma, “pastureland, meadow with green grass”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lolo-Burmese-Naxi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tbq-lob-pro",
"2": "*tsiŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Lolo-Burmese: *tsiŋ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Lolo-Burmese: *tsiŋ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Burmish"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "ရှင်",
"t": "to live; alive"
},
"expansion": "Burmese: ရှင် (hrang, “to live; alive”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Burmese: ရှင် (hrang, “to live; alive”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lsi",
"2": "htsáng",
"t": "to give birth"
},
"expansion": "Lashi: htsáng (“to give birth”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lashi: htsáng (“to give birth”)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "* Proto-Sino-Tibetan:\n*:: *sring (\"live, bear\") (Coblin, 1986)\n** Proto-Tibeto-Burman:\n**: *s-riŋ ~ *s-raŋ (\"live, alive, green, raw\") (Benedict, 1972) - later modified to *śriŋ, explaining the ‑a‑ in Written Burmese hraŋ as being \"conditioned by the initial cluster\".\n**: *s-riŋ ~ *s-rɑŋ (\"live, bear, be born, fresh (e.g. greens)\"), *śriŋ (\"live, alive, green, raw\") (Chou, 1972)\n**: *s-ring(*A) (\"live, bear\") (Coblin, 1986)\n**: *s-riŋ, *s-raŋ (\"live\") (Weidert, 1987)\n**: *śriN (\"live\") (Michailovsky, 1991)\n**: *s-riŋ ⪤ *s-r(y)aŋ (\"live, alive, green, raw, give birth\") (Matisoff, STEDT)\nA well-attested root, (in particular) with its parallel allofams reflected in Chinese in different forms, including the original vocalism variation *‑a‑ ⪤ *‑i‑ and/or forms lacking medial *r. Schuessler (2007) argued that this was originally a ST terminative final *-ŋ derivation from PST *sri (“to be, exist”), hence literally \"come into existence → give birth → live\". The original etymon perhaps survives in Chinese as 體 /体 (Old Chinese /*r̥ˤijʔ/, \"body, limbs\").\nThe allofam *siŋ appears identical in form to PST *siŋ ~ sik (“tree”); the two are perhaps related (Schuessler, 2007). The Chinese reflex of the latter (薪 (xīn)) is homophonic with 新 (xīn) (\"new\").",
"forms": [
{
"form": "s-riŋ ~ s-raŋ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sit-pro",
"2": "adjective",
"cat2": "verbs",
"cat3": "roots"
},
"expansion": "*s-riŋ ~ s-r(j)aŋ",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"lang_code": "sit-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/s-riŋ ~ s-r(j)aŋ",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "clear, clean, white, bright",
"word": "seŋ Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "clear, clean, white, bright",
"word": "s-riŋ ~ s-r(j)aŋ saŋ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "to die",
"word": "səj"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to live"
],
"id": "en-s-riŋ_~_s-r(j)aŋ-sit-pro-adj-ipZlC7B7",
"links": [
[
"live",
"live"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 34 2 34 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:Sinoxenic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 21 0 41 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 29 0 39 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 40 1 38 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 36 1 37 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alive"
],
"id": "en-s-riŋ_~_s-r(j)aŋ-sit-pro-adj-E1~HoJ2i",
"links": [
[
"alive",
"alive"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"green"
],
"id": "en-s-riŋ_~_s-r(j)aŋ-sit-pro-adj-ukeIsiaq",
"links": [
[
"green",
"green"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 34 2 34 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:Sinoxenic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 21 0 41 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 29 0 39 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 40 1 38 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 36 1 37 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"raw"
],
"id": "en-s-riŋ_~_s-r(j)aŋ-sit-pro-adj-10Ob7iR3",
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 34 2 34 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:Sinoxenic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "0 21 0 41 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 29 0 39 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 40 1 38 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 36 1 37 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to give birth"
],
"id": "en-s-riŋ_~_s-r(j)aŋ-sit-pro-adj-J6sX9zkJ",
"links": [
[
"give birth",
"give birth"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "s-riŋ ~ s-r(j)aŋ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:Sinoxenic",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Sino-Tibetan adjectives",
"Proto-Sino-Tibetan entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Sino-Tibetan lemmas",
"Proto-Sino-Tibetan roots",
"Proto-Sino-Tibetan verbs",
"sit-pro:Colors"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Chinese:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "生 (*sreŋ, sreŋ-s, “to live; to be born; to bear”), 生 (*ɴ-sreŋ, “fresh, raw (B-S); *sl̥eːŋ, sreŋs (ZS)”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "(in the oracle bone script)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "牲 (*sreŋ (B-S; unlisted, theoretical); *sreŋ (ZS), “a (live) sacrificial animal”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "青 (*ɴ-sˁ‹r›eŋ (B-S); *sl̥eːŋ (ZS), “blue-green”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Vietnamese",
"2": "<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">xanh</i> (“blue, green”)"
},
"expansion": "→Vietnamese: xanh (“blue, green”)",
"name": "sit-loan"
}
],
"text": "→Vietnamese: xanh (“blue, green”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "*k-saŋ"
},
"expansion": "*k-saŋ",
"name": "IPAfont"
}
],
"text": "蒼 /苍 (*t͡sʰˁaŋ (B-S); *sʰaːŋ (ZS), “deep blue-green”) (< *k-saŋ? (Schuessler, 2007))"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "性 (*seŋ-s (B-S); *sleŋs (ZS), “nature (of man)”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "姓 (*seŋ-s (B-S); *sleŋs (ZS), “surname”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "菁 (*ʔsleŋ (ZS), “luxuriant”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "and perhaps 情 (*dzeŋ (B-S); *zleŋ (ZS), “emotion, nature”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Modern Mandarin"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Beijing: 生, 牲 (shēng) (shēng, /ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/), 青 (qīng, /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/), 蒼 /苍 (cāng, /t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/), 性 (xìng), 姓 (xìng) (xìng, /ɕiŋ⁵¹/), 菁 (jīng) (jīng, /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/), 情 (qíng) (qíng, /t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Himalayish"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tibeto-Kanauri"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Bodic"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tibetan"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "གསིང་མ",
"t": "pastureland, meadow with green grass"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan: གསིང་མ (gsing ma, “pastureland, meadow with green grass”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Written Tibetan: གསིང་མ (gsing ma, “pastureland, meadow with green grass”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lolo-Burmese-Naxi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tbq-lob-pro",
"2": "*tsiŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Lolo-Burmese: *tsiŋ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Lolo-Burmese: *tsiŋ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Burmish"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "ရှင်",
"t": "to live; alive"
},
"expansion": "Burmese: ရှင် (hrang, “to live; alive”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Burmese: ရှင် (hrang, “to live; alive”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lsi",
"2": "htsáng",
"t": "to give birth"
},
"expansion": "Lashi: htsáng (“to give birth”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lashi: htsáng (“to give birth”)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "* Proto-Sino-Tibetan:\n*:: *sring (\"live, bear\") (Coblin, 1986)\n** Proto-Tibeto-Burman:\n**: *s-riŋ ~ *s-raŋ (\"live, alive, green, raw\") (Benedict, 1972) - later modified to *śriŋ, explaining the ‑a‑ in Written Burmese hraŋ as being \"conditioned by the initial cluster\".\n**: *s-riŋ ~ *s-rɑŋ (\"live, bear, be born, fresh (e.g. greens)\"), *śriŋ (\"live, alive, green, raw\") (Chou, 1972)\n**: *s-ring(*A) (\"live, bear\") (Coblin, 1986)\n**: *s-riŋ, *s-raŋ (\"live\") (Weidert, 1987)\n**: *śriN (\"live\") (Michailovsky, 1991)\n**: *s-riŋ ⪤ *s-r(y)aŋ (\"live, alive, green, raw, give birth\") (Matisoff, STEDT)\nA well-attested root, (in particular) with its parallel allofams reflected in Chinese in different forms, including the original vocalism variation *‑a‑ ⪤ *‑i‑ and/or forms lacking medial *r. Schuessler (2007) argued that this was originally a ST terminative final *-ŋ derivation from PST *sri (“to be, exist”), hence literally \"come into existence → give birth → live\". The original etymon perhaps survives in Chinese as 體 /体 (Old Chinese /*r̥ˤijʔ/, \"body, limbs\").\nThe allofam *siŋ appears identical in form to PST *siŋ ~ sik (“tree”); the two are perhaps related (Schuessler, 2007). The Chinese reflex of the latter (薪 (xīn)) is homophonic with 新 (xīn) (\"new\").",
"forms": [
{
"form": "s-riŋ ~ s-raŋ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sit-pro",
"2": "adjective",
"cat2": "verbs",
"cat3": "roots"
},
"expansion": "*s-riŋ ~ s-r(j)aŋ",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"lang_code": "sit-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/s-riŋ ~ s-r(j)aŋ",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"english": "clear, clean, white, bright",
"word": "seŋ Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan"
},
{
"english": "clear, clean, white, bright",
"word": "s-riŋ ~ s-r(j)aŋ saŋ"
},
{
"english": "to die",
"word": "səj"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to live"
],
"links": [
[
"live",
"live"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"alive"
],
"links": [
[
"alive",
"alive"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"green"
],
"links": [
[
"green",
"green"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"raw"
],
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to give birth"
],
"links": [
[
"give birth",
"give birth"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "s-riŋ ~ s-r(j)aŋ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for s-riŋ ~ s-r(j)aŋ meaning in All languages combined (5.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.