See s-mun on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Chinese:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "悶 /闷 (*mɯːns (ZS), “melancholy, depressed; dull, stupid”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "昏 (*m̥ˁun (B-S), *m̥ɯːn (ZS), “dusk, evening; dark; confused, bewildered”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "> 婚 (*m̥ɯːn (ZS, “to marry; marriage”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "昏"
},
"expansion": "昏",
"name": "lang"
}
],
"text": "(traditionally (since Han Dynasty) regarded as a derivation from 昏, so named since marriage ceremonies took place at dusk in ancient times; may be folk etymology instead)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "惛 (*m̥ɯːn, *m̥ɯːns (ZS), “muddled, confused”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "殙 (*m̥ɯːn (ZS), “drizzly, misty”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "紊 (*mɯns (ZS), “disorderly, confused, tangled”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Modern Mandarin"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Beijing: 悶 /闷 (mèn, /mən⁵¹/, \"depressed, in low spirits\"; mēn, /mən⁵⁵/, \"tightly closed, suffocating, muffled\"), 燜 /焖 (mèn) (mèn, /mən⁵¹/, \"to stew\"), 昏 (hūn), 婚 (hūn), 殙 (hūn), 惛 (hūn, /xu̯ən⁵⁵/), 紊 (wěn) (wěn, /u̯ən²¹⁴/), 懣 /懑 (mèn) (mèn, /mən⁵¹/), 忽 (hū), 昒 (hū) (hū, /xu⁵⁵/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Himalayish"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tibeto-Kanauri"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Bodic"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tibetan"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "མུན་པ",
"t": "dark"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan: མུན་པ (mun pa, “dark”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Written Tibetan: མུན་པ (mun pa, “dark”), དམུན་པ (dmun pa, “darkened”), རྨུན་པོ (rmun po, “(archaic) dull, heavy, stupid”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lolo-Burmese-Naxi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lolo-Burmese"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Burmish"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "မှုန်",
"t": "dim, gloomy, sullen, indistinct"
},
"expansion": "Burmese: မှုန် (hmun, “dim, gloomy, sullen, indistinct”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Written Burmese: မှုန် (hmun, “dim, gloomy, sullen, indistinct”) (> အမှုန် (a.hmun, “particle, dust, speck”))"
}
],
"etymology_text": "* Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *mun/rmun (Coblin, 1986), *mun ~ s-mun (Chou, 1972)\n** Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *s-mun (Matisoff, STEDT)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sit-pro",
"2": "adjective",
"cat2": "roots"
},
"expansion": "*s-mun",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"lang_code": "sit-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/s-mun",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "muːŋ Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "s-mun r"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "s-muːk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "fog, mist, cloud; misty, dark, dull",
"word": "r-məw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "black, ink, deep",
"word": "s-maŋ Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "black, ink, deep",
"word": "s-mun s-mak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "to sleep, to lie down",
"word": "m-njal Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "to sleep, to lie down",
"word": "s-mun s-njal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "dream",
"word": "(s"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "dream",
"word": "r)-ma(ŋ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "dream",
"word": "k)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "no, not, none",
"word": "ma"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 33 18 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:Sinoxenic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 25 14 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 23 12 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 15 10 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 6 3 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dark, dim, dusky, blurred"
],
"id": "en-s-mun-sit-pro-adj-gv7F-Ppq",
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"dim",
"dim"
],
[
"dusky",
"dusky"
],
[
"blurred",
"blurred"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 33 18 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:Sinoxenic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dusk, evening, darkness"
],
"id": "en-s-mun-sit-pro-adj-8bKSIYd~",
"links": [
[
"dusk",
"dusk"
],
[
"evening",
"evening"
],
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 33 18 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:Sinoxenic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dull, stupid, confused"
],
"id": "en-s-mun-sit-pro-adj-CEQKJEQ~",
"links": [
[
"dull",
"dull"
],
[
"stupid",
"stupid"
],
[
"confused",
"confused"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 33 18 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:Sinoxenic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sad, sulky"
],
"id": "en-s-mun-sit-pro-adj-rzDX3wek",
"links": [
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"sulky",
"sulky"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Han Dynasty"
],
"word": "s-mun"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:Sinoxenic",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Sino-Tibetan adjectives",
"Proto-Sino-Tibetan entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Sino-Tibetan lemmas",
"Proto-Sino-Tibetan roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Chinese:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "悶 /闷 (*mɯːns (ZS), “melancholy, depressed; dull, stupid”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "昏 (*m̥ˁun (B-S), *m̥ɯːn (ZS), “dusk, evening; dark; confused, bewildered”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "> 婚 (*m̥ɯːn (ZS, “to marry; marriage”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "昏"
},
"expansion": "昏",
"name": "lang"
}
],
"text": "(traditionally (since Han Dynasty) regarded as a derivation from 昏, so named since marriage ceremonies took place at dusk in ancient times; may be folk etymology instead)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "惛 (*m̥ɯːn, *m̥ɯːns (ZS), “muddled, confused”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "殙 (*m̥ɯːn (ZS), “drizzly, misty”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "紊 (*mɯns (ZS), “disorderly, confused, tangled”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Modern Mandarin"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Beijing: 悶 /闷 (mèn, /mən⁵¹/, \"depressed, in low spirits\"; mēn, /mən⁵⁵/, \"tightly closed, suffocating, muffled\"), 燜 /焖 (mèn) (mèn, /mən⁵¹/, \"to stew\"), 昏 (hūn), 婚 (hūn), 殙 (hūn), 惛 (hūn, /xu̯ən⁵⁵/), 紊 (wěn) (wěn, /u̯ən²¹⁴/), 懣 /懑 (mèn) (mèn, /mən⁵¹/), 忽 (hū), 昒 (hū) (hū, /xu⁵⁵/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Himalayish"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tibeto-Kanauri"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Bodic"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tibetan"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "མུན་པ",
"t": "dark"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan: མུན་པ (mun pa, “dark”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "(archaic)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Written Tibetan: མུན་པ (mun pa, “dark”), དམུན་པ (dmun pa, “darkened”), རྨུན་པོ (rmun po, “(archaic) dull, heavy, stupid”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lolo-Burmese-Naxi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lolo-Burmese"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Burmish"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "မှုန်",
"t": "dim, gloomy, sullen, indistinct"
},
"expansion": "Burmese: မှုန် (hmun, “dim, gloomy, sullen, indistinct”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Written Burmese: မှုန် (hmun, “dim, gloomy, sullen, indistinct”) (> အမှုန် (a.hmun, “particle, dust, speck”))"
}
],
"etymology_text": "* Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *mun/rmun (Coblin, 1986), *mun ~ s-mun (Chou, 1972)\n** Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *s-mun (Matisoff, STEDT)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sit-pro",
"2": "adjective",
"cat2": "roots"
},
"expansion": "*s-mun",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"lang_code": "sit-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/s-mun",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "muːŋ Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan"
},
{
"word": "s-mun r"
},
{
"word": "s-muːk"
},
{
"english": "fog, mist, cloud; misty, dark, dull",
"word": "r-məw"
},
{
"english": "black, ink, deep",
"word": "s-maŋ Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan"
},
{
"english": "black, ink, deep",
"word": "s-mun s-mak"
},
{
"english": "to sleep, to lie down",
"word": "m-njal Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan"
},
{
"english": "to sleep, to lie down",
"word": "s-mun s-njal"
},
{
"english": "dream",
"word": "(s"
},
{
"english": "dream",
"word": "r)-ma(ŋ"
},
{
"english": "dream",
"word": "k)"
},
{
"english": "no, not, none",
"word": "ma"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"dark, dim, dusky, blurred"
],
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"dim",
"dim"
],
[
"dusky",
"dusky"
],
[
"blurred",
"blurred"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dusk, evening, darkness"
],
"links": [
[
"dusk",
"dusk"
],
[
"evening",
"evening"
],
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dull, stupid, confused"
],
"links": [
[
"dull",
"dull"
],
[
"stupid",
"stupid"
],
[
"confused",
"confused"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sad, sulky"
],
"links": [
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"sulky",
"sulky"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Han Dynasty"
],
"word": "s-mun"
}
Download raw JSONL data for s-mun meaning in All languages combined (4.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.