"reuþe" meaning in All languages combined

See reuþe on Wiktionary

Noun [Middle English]

IPA: /ˈrɔu̯ð(ə)/, /ˈrɛu̯ð(ə)/, /ˈriu̯ð(ə)/, /-θ(ə)/
Etymology: From rewe (“rue”) + -the (abstract nominal suffix); the formation is influenced by Old Norse hrygð. For the phonology, see trouthe. Etymology templates: {{af|enm|rewe|-the|id1=rue|id2=abstract nominal|pos2=abstract nominal suffix|t1=rue}} rewe (“rue”) + -the (abstract nominal suffix), {{der|enm|non|hrygð}} Old Norse hrygð Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} reuþe, {{enm-noun|reuþes|pl2=reoðen}} reuþe (plural reuþes or reoðen) Forms: reuþes [plural], reoðen [plural], reoðe [alternative], reowthe [alternative], reuthe [alternative], rewðe [alternative], rewthe [alternative], routhe [alternative], rouþe [alternative], rowthe [alternative], ruthe [alternative]
  1. Sadness, misery; despair and despondence:
    Pitifulness; empathy, mercy or sorrow for the weak or innocent.
    Sense id: en-reuþe-enm-noun-OoMwTu4a Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal), Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Emotions Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 22 17 14 16 14 14 4 Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal): 19 16 16 15 15 15 5 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 26 18 10 17 13 13 4 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 30 18 10 17 11 11 2 Disambiguation of Emotions: 38 15 15 12 8 8 2
  2. Sadness, misery; despair and despondence:
    The experience of remorsefulness; self-reproach.
    Sense id: en-reuþe-enm-noun--TJqMdcn Categories (other): Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal) Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal): 19 16 16 15 15 15 5
  3. Sadness, misery; despair and despondence:
    Moaning, lamenting; a despondent cry.
    Sense id: en-reuþe-enm-noun-EL1JjYKQ Categories (other): Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal) Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal): 19 16 16 15 15 15 5
  4. An occurrence or thing that creates misery or ruth:
    Harmful or injurious behaviour; heartless acts.
    Sense id: en-reuþe-enm-noun-ZkM2gEj4 Categories (other): Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal) Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal): 19 16 16 15 15 15 5
  5. An occurrence or thing that creates misery or ruth:
    A disaster or catastrophe.
    Sense id: en-reuþe-enm-noun-PmaaLLnr Categories (other): Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal) Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal): 19 16 16 15 15 15 5
  6. An occurrence or thing that creates misery or ruth:
    An instance of moaning or complaining of discomfort.
    Sense id: en-reuþe-enm-noun-xOBBrMYl Categories (other): Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal) Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal): 19 16 16 15 15 15 5
  7. (rare) A lamentful petition or supplication. Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-reuþe-enm-noun-1yTK1RV8
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: reuþful, reuþeles

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "reuþful"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "reuþeles"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "ruth"
          },
          "expansion": "English: ruth",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: ruth"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "rewthe"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: rewthe",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "(obsolete)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: rewthe (obsolete)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "rewe",
        "3": "-the",
        "id1": "rue",
        "id2": "abstract nominal",
        "pos2": "abstract nominal suffix",
        "t1": "rue"
      },
      "expansion": "rewe (“rue”) + -the (abstract nominal suffix)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "hrygð"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse hrygð",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From rewe (“rue”) + -the (abstract nominal suffix); the formation is influenced by Old Norse hrygð. For the phonology, see trouthe.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "reuþes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "reoðen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "reoðe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "reowthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "reuthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rewðe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rewthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "routhe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rouþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rowthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "reuþe",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "reuþes",
        "pl2": "reoðen"
      },
      "expansion": "reuþe (plural reuþes or reoðen)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 17 14 16 14 14 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 16 16 15 15 15 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 18 10 17 13 13 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 18 10 17 11 11 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 15 15 12 8 8 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "enm:Emotions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Sadness, misery; despair and despondence:",
        "Pitifulness; empathy, mercy or sorrow for the weak or innocent."
      ],
      "id": "en-reuþe-enm-noun-OoMwTu4a",
      "links": [
        [
          "Sadness",
          "sadness"
        ],
        [
          "Pitifulness",
          "pitifulness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 16 16 15 15 15 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Sadness, misery; despair and despondence:",
        "The experience of remorsefulness; self-reproach."
      ],
      "id": "en-reuþe-enm-noun--TJqMdcn",
      "links": [
        [
          "Sadness",
          "sadness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 16 16 15 15 15 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Sadness, misery; despair and despondence:",
        "Moaning, lamenting; a despondent cry."
      ],
      "id": "en-reuþe-enm-noun-EL1JjYKQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "Sadness",
          "sadness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 16 16 15 15 15 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An occurrence or thing that creates misery or ruth:",
        "Harmful or injurious behaviour; heartless acts."
      ],
      "id": "en-reuþe-enm-noun-ZkM2gEj4"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 16 16 15 15 15 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An occurrence or thing that creates misery or ruth:",
        "A disaster or catastrophe."
      ],
      "id": "en-reuþe-enm-noun-PmaaLLnr"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 16 16 15 15 15 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An occurrence or thing that creates misery or ruth:",
        "An instance of moaning or complaining of discomfort."
      ],
      "id": "en-reuþe-enm-noun-xOBBrMYl"
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "A lamentful petition or supplication."
      ],
      "id": "en-reuþe-enm-noun-1yTK1RV8",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) A lamentful petition or supplication."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈrɔu̯ð(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈrɛu̯ð(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈriu̯ð(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-θ(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "reuþe"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -the (abstract nominal)",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Emotions"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "reuþful"
    },
    {
      "word": "reuþeles"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "ruth"
          },
          "expansion": "English: ruth",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: ruth"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "rewthe"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: rewthe",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "(obsolete)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: rewthe (obsolete)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "rewe",
        "3": "-the",
        "id1": "rue",
        "id2": "abstract nominal",
        "pos2": "abstract nominal suffix",
        "t1": "rue"
      },
      "expansion": "rewe (“rue”) + -the (abstract nominal suffix)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "hrygð"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse hrygð",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From rewe (“rue”) + -the (abstract nominal suffix); the formation is influenced by Old Norse hrygð. For the phonology, see trouthe.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "reuþes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "reoðen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "reoðe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "reowthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "reuthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rewðe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rewthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "routhe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rouþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rowthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruthe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "reuþe",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "reuþes",
        "pl2": "reoðen"
      },
      "expansion": "reuþe (plural reuþes or reoðen)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Sadness, misery; despair and despondence:",
        "Pitifulness; empathy, mercy or sorrow for the weak or innocent."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Sadness",
          "sadness"
        ],
        [
          "Pitifulness",
          "pitifulness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Sadness, misery; despair and despondence:",
        "The experience of remorsefulness; self-reproach."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Sadness",
          "sadness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Sadness, misery; despair and despondence:",
        "Moaning, lamenting; a despondent cry."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Sadness",
          "sadness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An occurrence or thing that creates misery or ruth:",
        "Harmful or injurious behaviour; heartless acts."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An occurrence or thing that creates misery or ruth:",
        "A disaster or catastrophe."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An occurrence or thing that creates misery or ruth:",
        "An instance of moaning or complaining of discomfort."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A lamentful petition or supplication."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) A lamentful petition or supplication."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈrɔu̯ð(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈrɛu̯ð(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈriu̯ð(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-θ(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "reuþe"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (85b9f46 and 1b6da77). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.