See rafale on Wiktionary
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In the military context the term may well be obsolete in English; it had been been introduced into French military usage by General Hippolyte Langlois in the late nineteenth century, and adopted into English and American usage not long after, but the usage seems to have petered out in English by the end of World War I.", "forms": [ { "form": "rafales", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "rafale (plural rafales)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 3 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Military", "orig": "en:Military", "parents": [ "Society", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1903, Andrew Hero Jr., “Opening & Conduct of Fire”, in Antiaircraft Journal, volume 20, page 47:", "text": "[…] a salvo is […] a succession of shots […] with the same elevation... a single shot for each piece. By a rafale is meant all the shots of a battery fired with the same elevation, without any determined order, at the rate of more than one shot per gun. According to circumstances, three different kinds of fire are employed ... first, progressive fire; second, fire with a single elevation; third, fire by salvos or by rafales...", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1916, John Buchan, Greenmantle:", "text": "And then, above the hum of the roadside, rose the voice of the great guns. The shells were bursting four or five miles away, and the guns must have been as many more distant. But in that upland pocket of plain in the frosty night they sounded most intimately near. They kept up their solemn litany, with a minute's interval between each - no rafale which rumbles like a drum, but the steady persistence of artillery exactly ranged on a target.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1916, John Buchan, Greenmantle:", "text": "Then, as if a spring had been loosed, the world suddenly leaped to a hideous life. With a growl the guns opened round all the horizon. They were especially fierce to the south, where a rafale beat as I had never heard it before. The one glance I cast behind me showed the gap in the hills choked with fumes and dust.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A short, intense burst of artillery fire from a number of weapons fired with the intention of overwhelming resistance or routing an attacking force." ], "id": "en-rafale-en-noun-h-hw393k", "links": [ [ "military", "military" ], [ "intense", "intense" ], [ "burst", "burst" ], [ "artillery", "artillery" ], [ "fire", "fire" ], [ "intention", "intention" ], [ "overwhelming", "overwhelming" ], [ "resistance", "resistance" ], [ "rout", "rout" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(military) A short, intense burst of artillery fire from a number of weapons fired with the intention of overwhelming resistance or routing an attacking force." ], "topics": [ "government", "military", "politics", "war" ] } ], "word": "rafale" } { "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "microrafale" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fr", "nocap": "1" }, "expansion": "uncertain", "name": "unc" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "it", "3": "raffica" }, "expansion": "Italian raffica", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "Origin uncertain. Possibly related to Italian raffica influenced by affaler.", "forms": [ { "form": "rafales", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "f" }, "expansion": "rafale f (plural rafales)", "name": "fr-noun" } ], "lang": "French", "lang_code": "fr", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "fr", "name": "Meteorology", "orig": "fr:Meteorology", "parents": [ "Atmosphere", "Earth sciences", "Nature", "Sciences", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "41 43 16", "kind": "other", "name": "French entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "39 40 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 3 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "41 42 16", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "50 50 0", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "fr", "name": "Weather", "orig": "fr:Weather", "parents": [ "Atmosphere", "Nature", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "gust (strong, abrupt rush of wind)" ], "id": "en-rafale-fr-noun-RJ-Y-uLt", "links": [ [ "meteorology", "meteorology" ], [ "gust", "gust" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(meteorology) gust (strong, abrupt rush of wind)" ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "bourrasque" } ], "tags": [ "feminine" ], "topics": [ "climatology", "meteorology", "natural-sciences" ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "fr", "name": "Meteorology", "orig": "fr:Meteorology", "parents": [ "Atmosphere", "Earth sciences", "Nature", "Sciences", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "41 43 16", "kind": "other", "name": "French entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "39 40 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 3 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "41 42 16", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "50 50 0", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "fr", "name": "Weather", "orig": "fr:Weather", "parents": [ "Atmosphere", "Nature", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "sudden shower, flurry" ], "id": "en-rafale-fr-noun-Q207TpzX", "links": [ [ "meteorology", "meteorology" ], [ "shower", "shower" ], [ "flurry", "flurry" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(meteorology) sudden shower, flurry" ], "tags": [ "feminine" ], "topics": [ "climatology", "meteorology", "natural-sciences" ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "fr", "name": "Military", "orig": "fr:Military", "parents": [ "Society", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "41 43 16", "kind": "other", "name": "French entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "39 40 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 3 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "41 42 16", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 26 52", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "fr", "name": "Firearms", "orig": "fr:Firearms", "parents": [ "Weapons", "Hunting", "Military", "Tools", "Human activity", "Society", "Technology", "Human behaviour", "All topics", "Human", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "burst (series of shots fired from an automatic firearm)" ], "id": "en-rafale-fr-noun-QhYDa83f", "links": [ [ "military", "military" ], [ "burst", "burst" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(by extension, military) burst (series of shots fired from an automatic firearm)" ], "tags": [ "broadly", "feminine" ], "topics": [ "government", "military", "politics", "war" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ʁa.fal/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-rafale.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DenisdeShawi-rafale.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DenisdeShawi-rafale.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DenisdeShawi-rafale.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DenisdeShawi-rafale.wav.ogg" } ], "word": "rafale" } { "forms": [ { "form": "rafales", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nrf", "10": "", "11": "", "12": "{{{3}}}", "2": "noun", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "plural", "6": "rafales", "7": "", "8": "", "9": "", "f2accel-form": "p", "g": "f", "g2": "", "head": "" }, "expansion": "rafale f (plural rafales)", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "f" }, "expansion": "rafale f (plural rafales)", "name": "nrf-noun" } ], "lang": "Norman", "lang_code": "nrm", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Jersey Norman", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Norman entries with incorrect 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{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "rafale" }, "expansion": "French rafale", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French rafale. In the military context the term may well be obsolete in English; it had been been introduced into French military usage by General Hippolyte Langlois in the late nineteenth century, and adopted into English and American usage not long after, but the usage seems to have petered out in English by the end of World War I.", "forms": [ { "form": "rafales", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "rafale (plural rafales)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from French", "English terms derived from French", "English terms with quotations", "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries", "Quotation templates to be cleaned", "en:Military" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1903, Andrew Hero Jr., “Opening & Conduct of Fire”, in Antiaircraft Journal, volume 20, page 47:", "text": "[…] a salvo is […] a succession of shots […] with the same elevation... a single shot for each piece. By a rafale is meant all the shots of a battery fired with the same elevation, without any determined order, at the rate of more than one shot per gun. According to circumstances, three different kinds of fire are employed ... first, progressive fire; second, fire with a single elevation; third, fire by salvos or by rafales...", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1916, John Buchan, Greenmantle:", "text": "And then, above the hum of the roadside, rose the voice of the great guns. The shells were bursting four or five miles away, and the guns must have been as many more distant. But in that upland pocket of plain in the frosty night they sounded most intimately near. They kept up their solemn litany, with a minute's interval between each - no rafale which rumbles like a drum, but the steady persistence of artillery exactly ranged on a target.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1916, John Buchan, Greenmantle:", "text": "Then, as if a spring had been loosed, the world suddenly leaped to a hideous life. With a growl the guns opened round all the horizon. They were especially fierce to the south, where a rafale beat as I had never heard it before. The one glance I cast behind me showed the gap in the hills choked with fumes and dust.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A short, intense burst of artillery fire from a number of weapons fired with the intention of overwhelming resistance or routing an attacking force." ], "links": [ [ "military", "military" ], [ "intense", "intense" ], [ "burst", "burst" ], [ "artillery", "artillery" ], [ "fire", "fire" ], [ "intention", "intention" ], [ "overwhelming", "overwhelming" ], [ "resistance", "resistance" ], [ "rout", "rout" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(military) A short, intense burst of artillery fire from a number of weapons fired with the intention of overwhelming resistance or routing an attacking force." ], "topics": [ "government", "military", "politics", "war" ] } ], "word": "rafale" } { "categories": [ "French 2-syllable words", "French countable nouns", "French entries with incorrect language header", "French feminine nouns", "French lemmas", "French nouns", "French terms derived from Italian", "French terms with IPA pronunciation", "French terms with unknown etymologies", "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries", "fr:Firearms", "fr:Weather" ], "derived": [ { "word": "microrafale" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fr", "nocap": "1" }, "expansion": "uncertain", "name": "unc" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "it", "3": "raffica" }, "expansion": "Italian raffica", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "Origin uncertain. Possibly related to Italian raffica influenced by affaler.", "forms": [ { "form": "rafales", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "f" }, "expansion": "rafale f (plural rafales)", "name": "fr-noun" } ], "lang": "French", "lang_code": "fr", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "fr:Meteorology" ], "glosses": [ "gust (strong, abrupt rush of wind)" ], "links": [ [ "meteorology", "meteorology" ], [ "gust", "gust" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(meteorology) gust (strong, abrupt rush of wind)" ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "bourrasque" } ], "tags": [ "feminine" ], "topics": [ "climatology", "meteorology", "natural-sciences" ] }, { "categories": [ "fr:Meteorology" ], "glosses": [ "sudden shower, flurry" ], "links": [ [ "meteorology", "meteorology" ], [ "shower", "shower" ], [ "flurry", "flurry" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(meteorology) sudden shower, flurry" ], "tags": [ "feminine" ], "topics": [ "climatology", "meteorology", "natural-sciences" ] }, { "categories": [ "fr:Military" ], "glosses": [ "burst (series of shots fired from an automatic firearm)" ], "links": [ [ "military", "military" ], [ "burst", "burst" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(by extension, military) burst (series of shots fired from an automatic firearm)" ], "tags": [ "broadly", "feminine" ], "topics": [ "government", "military", "politics", "war" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ʁa.fal/" }, { "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-rafale.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DenisdeShawi-rafale.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DenisdeShawi-rafale.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DenisdeShawi-rafale.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DenisdeShawi-rafale.wav.ogg" } ], "word": "rafale" } { "forms": [ { "form": "rafales", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nrf", "10": "", "11": "", "12": "{{{3}}}", "2": "noun", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "plural", "6": "rafales", "7": "", "8": "", "9": "", "f2accel-form": "p", "g": "f", "g2": "", "head": "" }, "expansion": "rafale f (plural rafales)", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "f" }, "expansion": "rafale f (plural rafales)", "name": "nrf-noun" } ], "lang": "Norman", "lang_code": "nrm", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Jersey Norman", "Norman entries with incorrect language header", "Norman feminine nouns", "Norman lemmas", "Norman nouns", "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries", "nrf:Wind" ], "glosses": [ "gust (of wind)" ], "links": [ [ "gust", "gust" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Jersey) gust (of wind)" ], "tags": [ "Jersey", "feminine" ] } ], "word": "rafale" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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