See penkwi on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Plains Algonquian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chy",
"2": "páa'e",
"gloss": "ashes, powder"
},
"expansion": "Cheyenne: páa'e (“ashes, powder”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cheyenne: páa'e (“ashes, powder”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Algonquian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crk",
"2": "pihko",
"3": "ᐱᐦᑯ",
"gloss2": "ashes, dust"
},
"expansion": "Plains Cree: pihko, ᐱᐦᑯ (“ashes, dust”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Plains Cree: pihko, ᐱᐦᑯ (“ashes, dust”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oj",
"2": "bingwi",
"gloss": "sand, ashes"
},
"expansion": "Ojibwe: bingwi (“sand, ashes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ojibwe: bingwi (“sand, ashes”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mia",
"2": "pinkwi",
"gloss": "ashes"
},
"expansion": "Miami: pinkwi (“ashes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Miami: pinkwi (“ashes”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Algonquian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "abe",
"2": "",
"alt": "pegw-",
"gloss": "dust, ash"
},
"expansion": "Abenaki: pegw- (“dust, ash”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Abenaki: pegw- (“dust, ash”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aaq",
"2": "pəkʷ",
"t": "dust, ashes, dirt, powder"
},
"expansion": "Penobscot: pəkʷ (“dust, ashes, dirt, powder”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Penobscot: pəkʷ (“dust, ashes, dirt, powder”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pim",
"2": "pungwe",
"t": "ashes"
},
"expansion": "Powhatan: pungwe (“ashes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Powhatan: pungwe (“ashes”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "probably t'pgwan (“gravel, soil, ash”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpq",
"2": "puqi",
"t": "dust, ashes"
},
"expansion": "Mohegan-Pequot: puqi (“dust, ashes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mohegan-Pequot: puqi (“dust, ashes”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qyp",
"2": "puckwe",
"gloss": "dirt"
},
"expansion": "Quiripi: puckwe (“dirt”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Quiripi: puckwe (“dirt”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wam",
"2": "pukquee",
"t": "ashes, dust"
},
"expansion": "Massachusett: pukquee (“ashes, dust”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Massachusett: pukquee (“ashes, dust”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "umu",
"2": "pónkw",
"t": "dust"
},
"expansion": "Munsee: pónkw (“dust”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Munsee: pónkw (“dust”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "unm",
"2": "punkw",
"gloss": "ash, dust, powder"
},
"expansion": "Unami: punkw (“ash, dust, powder”)\n→? English: punk (“powdered rotten wood”)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Unami: punkw (“ash, dust, powder”)\n→? English: punk (“powdered rotten wood”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alg-pro",
"2": "aql-pro",
"3": "*penekwe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Algic *penekwe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yur",
"2": "penkw",
"3": "",
"4": "acorn flour"
},
"expansion": "Yurok penkw (“acorn flour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yur",
"2": "pontet",
"3": "",
"4": "ashes"
},
"expansion": "Yurok pontet (“ashes”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wiy",
"2": "",
"3": "p̣aⁿ-ṭút"
},
"expansion": "Wiyot p̣aⁿ-ṭút",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sal-pro",
"2": "*pəq'ʷ",
"3": "*pəqʼʷ",
"4": "dust"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Salish *pəqʼʷ (“dust”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Algic *penekwe, whence also Yurok penkw (“acorn flour”). (Compare Yurok pontet (“ashes”) and Wiyot p̣aⁿ-ṭút.)\nSome scholars have suggested links to other language families, such as Proto-Salish *pəqʼʷ (“dust”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alg-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*penkwi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Algonquian",
"lang_code": "alg-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Algonquian/penkwi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Algonquian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dust, ash(es)"
],
"id": "en-penkwi-alg-pro-noun-~Yte7ZM5",
"links": [
[
"dust",
"dust"
],
[
"ash",
"ash"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "penkwi"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Plains Algonquian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chy",
"2": "páa'e",
"gloss": "ashes, powder"
},
"expansion": "Cheyenne: páa'e (“ashes, powder”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cheyenne: páa'e (“ashes, powder”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Algonquian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crk",
"2": "pihko",
"3": "ᐱᐦᑯ",
"gloss2": "ashes, dust"
},
"expansion": "Plains Cree: pihko, ᐱᐦᑯ (“ashes, dust”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Plains Cree: pihko, ᐱᐦᑯ (“ashes, dust”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oj",
"2": "bingwi",
"gloss": "sand, ashes"
},
"expansion": "Ojibwe: bingwi (“sand, ashes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ojibwe: bingwi (“sand, ashes”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mia",
"2": "pinkwi",
"gloss": "ashes"
},
"expansion": "Miami: pinkwi (“ashes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Miami: pinkwi (“ashes”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Algonquian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "abe",
"2": "",
"alt": "pegw-",
"gloss": "dust, ash"
},
"expansion": "Abenaki: pegw- (“dust, ash”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Abenaki: pegw- (“dust, ash”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aaq",
"2": "pəkʷ",
"t": "dust, ashes, dirt, powder"
},
"expansion": "Penobscot: pəkʷ (“dust, ashes, dirt, powder”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Penobscot: pəkʷ (“dust, ashes, dirt, powder”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pim",
"2": "pungwe",
"t": "ashes"
},
"expansion": "Powhatan: pungwe (“ashes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Powhatan: pungwe (“ashes”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "probably t'pgwan (“gravel, soil, ash”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpq",
"2": "puqi",
"t": "dust, ashes"
},
"expansion": "Mohegan-Pequot: puqi (“dust, ashes”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mohegan-Pequot: puqi (“dust, ashes”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qyp",
"2": "puckwe",
"gloss": "dirt"
},
"expansion": "Quiripi: puckwe (“dirt”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Quiripi: puckwe (“dirt”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wam",
"2": "pukquee",
"t": "ashes, dust"
},
"expansion": "Massachusett: pukquee (“ashes, dust”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Massachusett: pukquee (“ashes, dust”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "umu",
"2": "pónkw",
"t": "dust"
},
"expansion": "Munsee: pónkw (“dust”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Munsee: pónkw (“dust”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "unm",
"2": "punkw",
"gloss": "ash, dust, powder"
},
"expansion": "Unami: punkw (“ash, dust, powder”)\n→? English: punk (“powdered rotten wood”)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Unami: punkw (“ash, dust, powder”)\n→? English: punk (“powdered rotten wood”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alg-pro",
"2": "aql-pro",
"3": "*penekwe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Algic *penekwe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yur",
"2": "penkw",
"3": "",
"4": "acorn flour"
},
"expansion": "Yurok penkw (“acorn flour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yur",
"2": "pontet",
"3": "",
"4": "ashes"
},
"expansion": "Yurok pontet (“ashes”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wiy",
"2": "",
"3": "p̣aⁿ-ṭút"
},
"expansion": "Wiyot p̣aⁿ-ṭút",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sal-pro",
"2": "*pəq'ʷ",
"3": "*pəqʼʷ",
"4": "dust"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Salish *pəqʼʷ (“dust”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Algic *penekwe, whence also Yurok penkw (“acorn flour”). (Compare Yurok pontet (“ashes”) and Wiyot p̣aⁿ-ṭút.)\nSome scholars have suggested links to other language families, such as Proto-Salish *pəqʼʷ (“dust”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alg-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*penkwi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Algonquian",
"lang_code": "alg-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Algonquian/penkwi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Algonquian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Algonquian lemmas",
"Proto-Algonquian nouns",
"Proto-Algonquian terms derived from Proto-Algic",
"Proto-Algonquian terms inherited from Proto-Algic"
],
"glosses": [
"dust, ash(es)"
],
"links": [
[
"dust",
"dust"
],
[
"ash",
"ash"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "penkwi"
}
Download raw JSONL data for penkwi meaning in All languages combined (4.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.