See pastinaca on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for pastinaca meaning in All languages combined (17.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "pastinaca",
"4": "",
"5": "parsnip, carrot"
},
"expansion": "Latin pastinaca (“parsnip, carrot”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pastinum",
"3": "",
"4": "two-pronged fork"
},
"expansion": "pastinum (“two-pronged fork”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pastino",
"3": "pastināre",
"4": "to dig up the ground"
},
"expansion": "pastināre (“to dig up the ground”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin pastinaca (“parsnip, carrot”), from pastinum (“two-pronged fork”); related to pastināre (“to dig up the ground”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pastinache",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "pastinaca f (plural pastinache)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧sti‧nà‧ca"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "trigone"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pastinaca comune"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Vegetables",
"orig": "it:Vegetables",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Plants",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Lifeforms",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"parsnip (plant or vegetable)"
],
"id": "en-pastinaca-it-noun-TDH4JhZ0",
"links": [
[
"parsnip",
"parsnip"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Fish",
"orig": "it:Fish",
"parents": [
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Celery family plants",
"orig": "it:Celery family plants",
"parents": [
"Apiales order plants",
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Spices and herbs",
"Lifeforms",
"Foods",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Fundamental",
"Nature",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stingray"
],
"id": "en-pastinaca-it-noun-9AX5XC9B",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"stingray",
"stingray"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) stingray"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa.stiˈna.ka/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aka"
}
],
"word": "pastinaca"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Dalmatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "pastinaccia"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: pastinaccia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: pastinaccia"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "pastricciola",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Corsican: pastricciola",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Corsican: pastricciola"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pastinaca"
},
"expansion": "Italian: pastinaca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: pastinaca"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "pastenaca"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: pastenaca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: pastenaca"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "vastunaca"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: vastunaca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: vastunaca"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "pastinaca"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: pastinaca",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "frustinaca"
},
"expansion": "frustinaca",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etc."
},
"expansion": "(etc.)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: pastinaca, frustinaca (etc.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "pasnaie"
},
"expansion": "Old French: pasnaie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: pasnaie"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "panais"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: panais",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: panais"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "panais"
},
"expansion": "French: panais\nHaitian Creole: pane",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "French: panais\nHaitian Creole: pane"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-brg",
"2": "patenaille",
"3": "potenaille",
"4": "pétenaille",
"5": "pait'naille"
},
"expansion": "Bourguignon: patenaille, potenaille, pétenaille, pait'naille",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bourguignon: patenaille, potenaille, pétenaille, pait'naille"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "pônais",
"3": "pânnais",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Norman: pônais, pânais, paunais; pânnais, pânnais, pônais",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: pônais, pânais, paunais; pânnais, pânnais, pônais"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "panåjhe",
"3": "pastenate"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: panåjhe, pastenate",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: panåjhe, pastenate"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "passenep",
"3": "pasnepe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: passenep, pasnepe",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "neep",
"3": "",
"4": "turnip"
},
"expansion": "neep (“turnip”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "influenced by <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"enm\">neep</i> (“turnip”)"
},
"expansion": "(influenced by neep (“turnip”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: passenep, pasnepe (influenced by neep (“turnip”))"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "parsnepe",
"3": "parsnep"
},
"expansion": "English: parsnepe, parsnep",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "parsnip",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "parsnip\n→ Japanese: パースニップ (pāsunippu)\n→ Maori: pānipi",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "English: parsnepe, parsnep, parsnip\n→ Japanese: パースニップ (pāsunippu)\n→ Maori: pānipi"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "passeneip",
"3": "paseneip",
"4": "parsnip"
},
"expansion": "Scots: passeneip, paseneip, parsnip",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: passeneip, paseneip, parsnip"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "panes",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Cornish: panes",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Cornish: panes"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "panesenn",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Breton: panesenn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Breton: panesenn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "panez"
},
"expansion": "Breton: panez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: panez"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "pannas",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: pannas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: pannas"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "pastenago",
"3": "pastenaga"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: pastenago, pastenaga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: pastenago, pastenaga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "pastanaga",
"3": "pastenaga",
"4": "bastanaga",
"5": "bastenaga"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: pastanaga, pastenaga, bastanaga, bastenaga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: pastanaga, pastenaga, bastanaga, bastenaga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "pastenaga",
"3": "pastanaca",
"4": "pastanaga",
"5": "pastanagra",
"6": "pastanarga"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: pastenaga, pastanaca, pastanaga, pastanagra, pastanarga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: pastenaga, pastanaca, pastanaga, pastanagra, pastanarga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "pastenaille",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle French: pastenaille, pastenade, pastenaie\nFrench: pastenade, patenais\n→ German: Pastiney, Pastinei\n→ Ottoman Turkish: پاستنای (pastinay)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle French: pastenaille, pastenade, pastenaie\nFrench: pastenade, patenais\n→ German: Pastiney, Pastinei\n→ Ottoman Turkish: پاستنای (pastinay)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "pastenague",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle French: pastenague",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle French: pastenague"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pastenague"
},
"expansion": "French: pastenague",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: pastenague"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "pestenéga"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: pestenéga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: pestenéga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "bostanàja",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Cimbrian: bostanàja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Cimbrian: bostanàja"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "pistinèga"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: pistinèga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: pistinèga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xaa",
"2": "بِسْنَاج",
"3": "بِسْتِنَاج",
"4": "بِسْتِنَاجَة",
"5": "بِشْتِْنَاجَة",
"6": "بِشْتِنَاقَة",
"bor": "1",
"t5": "parsnip",
"tr": "bisnāj",
"tr2": "bistināj",
"tr3": "bistināja",
"tr4": "bištināja",
"tr5": "bištināqa"
},
"expansion": "→ Andalusian Arabic: بِسْنَاج (bisnāj), بِسْتِنَاج (bistināj), بِسْتِنَاجَة (bistināja), بِشْتِْنَاجَة (bištināja), بِشْتِنَاقَة (bištināqa, “parsnip”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Andalusian Arabic: بِسْنَاج (bisnāj), بِسْتِنَاج (bistināj), بِسْتِنَاجَة (bistināja), بِشْتِْنَاجَة (bištināja), بِشْتِنَاقَة (bištināqa, “parsnip”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "bisnaga",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: bisnaga, bisnaca, visnaga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: bisnaga, bisnaca, visnaga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "biznaga",
"bor": "1",
"id": "pastinaca"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: biznaga\n→ Basque: bisnaga, biznaga\n→ Catalan: bisnaga, biçnaga (obsolete)\n→ Galician: bisnaga, biznaga, bizniega",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: biznaga\n→ Basque: bisnaga, biznaga\n→ Catalan: bisnaga, biçnaga (obsolete)\n→ Galician: bisnaga, biznaga, bizniega"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "pastinaca",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: pastinaca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: pastinaca"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pcd",
"2": "pasternache",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Picard: pasternache",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Picard: pasternache"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "pastinaca",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: pastinaca, pastinaga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: pastinaca, pastinaga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "pastinåke",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Walloon: pastinåke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Walloon: pastinåke"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "παστινάκη",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: παστινάκη (pastináki)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: παστινάκη (pastináki)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "Pastinaca",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Translingual: Pastinaca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Translingual: Pastinaca"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*pastinakā",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *pastinakā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *pastinakā (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pastinum",
"3": "",
"4": "kind of two-pronged dibble"
},
"expansion": "pastinum (“kind of two-pronged dibble”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pastinum (“kind of two-pronged dibble”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pastināca",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pastināca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pastināca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pastināca<1>"
},
"expansion": "pastināca f (genitive pastinācae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pastināca<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Fish",
"orig": "la:Fish",
"parents": [
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Plants",
"orig": "la:Plants",
"parents": [
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Vegetables",
"orig": "la:Vegetables",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Plants",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Lifeforms",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"parsnip"
],
"id": "en-pastinaca-la-noun-PtcnfUU9",
"links": [
[
"parsnip",
"parsnip"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Fish",
"orig": "la:Fish",
"parents": [
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Plants",
"orig": "la:Plants",
"parents": [
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Vegetables",
"orig": "la:Vegetables",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Plants",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Lifeforms",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stingray"
],
"id": "en-pastinaca-la-noun-9AX5XC9B",
"links": [
[
"stingray",
"stingray"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pas.tiˈnaː.ka/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[päs̠t̪ɪˈnäːkä]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pas.tiˈna.ka/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[päst̪iˈnäːkä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "pastinaca"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la",
"3": "pastinaca"
},
"expansion": "Latin pastinaca",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin pastinaca.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pastinacas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "pastinaca f (plural pastinacas)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pas‧ti‧na‧ca"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"parsnip (Pastinaca sativa, a plant known for its edible root)"
],
"id": "en-pastinaca-pt-noun-u94x~QBJ",
"links": [
[
"parsnip",
"parsnip"
],
[
"Pastinaca sativa",
"Pastinaca sativa#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cherovia"
},
{
"word": "cenoura-brava"
},
{
"word": "pastinaga"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pas.t͡ʃiˈna.kɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pas.t͡ʃiˈna.kɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/paʃ.t͡ʃiˈna.kɐ/",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pas.t͡ʃiˈna.ka/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɐʃ.tiˈna.kɐ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "pastinaca"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 4-syllable words",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian feminine nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Italian/aka",
"Rhymes:Italian/aka/4 syllables",
"it:Celery family plants",
"it:Vegetables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "pastinaca",
"4": "",
"5": "parsnip, carrot"
},
"expansion": "Latin pastinaca (“parsnip, carrot”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pastinum",
"3": "",
"4": "two-pronged fork"
},
"expansion": "pastinum (“two-pronged fork”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pastino",
"3": "pastināre",
"4": "to dig up the ground"
},
"expansion": "pastināre (“to dig up the ground”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin pastinaca (“parsnip, carrot”), from pastinum (“two-pronged fork”); related to pastināre (“to dig up the ground”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pastinache",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "pastinaca f (plural pastinache)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa‧sti‧nà‧ca"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "trigone"
},
{
"word": "pastinaca comune"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"parsnip (plant or vegetable)"
],
"links": [
[
"parsnip",
"parsnip"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"it:Fish"
],
"glosses": [
"stingray"
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"stingray",
"stingray"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) stingray"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa.stiˈna.ka/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aka"
}
],
"word": "pastinaca"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 4-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin nouns with red links in their inflection tables",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"la:Fish",
"la:Plants",
"la:Vegetables"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Dalmatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "pastinaccia"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: pastinaccia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: pastinaccia"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "pastricciola",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Corsican: pastricciola",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Corsican: pastricciola"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pastinaca"
},
"expansion": "Italian: pastinaca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: pastinaca"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "pastenaca"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: pastenaca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: pastenaca"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "vastunaca"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: vastunaca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: vastunaca"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "pastinaca"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: pastinaca",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "frustinaca"
},
"expansion": "frustinaca",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etc."
},
"expansion": "(etc.)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: pastinaca, frustinaca (etc.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "pasnaie"
},
"expansion": "Old French: pasnaie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: pasnaie"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "panais"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: panais",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: panais"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "panais"
},
"expansion": "French: panais\nHaitian Creole: pane",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "French: panais\nHaitian Creole: pane"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-brg",
"2": "patenaille",
"3": "potenaille",
"4": "pétenaille",
"5": "pait'naille"
},
"expansion": "Bourguignon: patenaille, potenaille, pétenaille, pait'naille",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bourguignon: patenaille, potenaille, pétenaille, pait'naille"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "pônais",
"3": "pânnais",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Norman: pônais, pânais, paunais; pânnais, pânnais, pônais",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: pônais, pânais, paunais; pânnais, pânnais, pônais"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "panåjhe",
"3": "pastenate"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: panåjhe, pastenate",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: panåjhe, pastenate"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "passenep",
"3": "pasnepe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: passenep, pasnepe",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "neep",
"3": "",
"4": "turnip"
},
"expansion": "neep (“turnip”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "influenced by <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"enm\">neep</i> (“turnip”)"
},
"expansion": "(influenced by neep (“turnip”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: passenep, pasnepe (influenced by neep (“turnip”))"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "parsnepe",
"3": "parsnep"
},
"expansion": "English: parsnepe, parsnep",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "parsnip",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "parsnip\n→ Japanese: パースニップ (pāsunippu)\n→ Maori: pānipi",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "English: parsnepe, parsnep, parsnip\n→ Japanese: パースニップ (pāsunippu)\n→ Maori: pānipi"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "passeneip",
"3": "paseneip",
"4": "parsnip"
},
"expansion": "Scots: passeneip, paseneip, parsnip",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: passeneip, paseneip, parsnip"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "panes",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Cornish: panes",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Cornish: panes"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "panesenn",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Breton: panesenn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Breton: panesenn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "panez"
},
"expansion": "Breton: panez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: panez"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "pannas",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: pannas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: pannas"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "pastenago",
"3": "pastenaga"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: pastenago, pastenaga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: pastenago, pastenaga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "pastanaga",
"3": "pastenaga",
"4": "bastanaga",
"5": "bastenaga"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: pastanaga, pastenaga, bastanaga, bastenaga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: pastanaga, pastenaga, bastanaga, bastenaga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "pastenaga",
"3": "pastanaca",
"4": "pastanaga",
"5": "pastanagra",
"6": "pastanarga"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: pastenaga, pastanaca, pastanaga, pastanagra, pastanarga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: pastenaga, pastanaca, pastanaga, pastanagra, pastanarga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "pastenaille",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle French: pastenaille, pastenade, pastenaie\nFrench: pastenade, patenais\n→ German: Pastiney, Pastinei\n→ Ottoman Turkish: پاستنای (pastinay)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle French: pastenaille, pastenade, pastenaie\nFrench: pastenade, patenais\n→ German: Pastiney, Pastinei\n→ Ottoman Turkish: پاستنای (pastinay)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "pastenague",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle French: pastenague",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle French: pastenague"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pastenague"
},
"expansion": "French: pastenague",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: pastenague"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "pestenéga"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: pestenéga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: pestenéga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "bostanàja",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Cimbrian: bostanàja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Cimbrian: bostanàja"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "pistinèga"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: pistinèga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: pistinèga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xaa",
"2": "بِسْنَاج",
"3": "بِسْتِنَاج",
"4": "بِسْتِنَاجَة",
"5": "بِشْتِْنَاجَة",
"6": "بِشْتِنَاقَة",
"bor": "1",
"t5": "parsnip",
"tr": "bisnāj",
"tr2": "bistināj",
"tr3": "bistināja",
"tr4": "bištināja",
"tr5": "bištināqa"
},
"expansion": "→ Andalusian Arabic: بِسْنَاج (bisnāj), بِسْتِنَاج (bistināj), بِسْتِنَاجَة (bistināja), بِشْتِْنَاجَة (bištināja), بِشْتِنَاقَة (bištināqa, “parsnip”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Andalusian Arabic: بِسْنَاج (bisnāj), بِسْتِنَاج (bistināj), بِسْتِنَاجَة (bistināja), بِشْتِْنَاجَة (bištināja), بِشْتِنَاقَة (bištināqa, “parsnip”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "bisnaga",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: bisnaga, bisnaca, visnaga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: bisnaga, bisnaca, visnaga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "biznaga",
"bor": "1",
"id": "pastinaca"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: biznaga\n→ Basque: bisnaga, biznaga\n→ Catalan: bisnaga, biçnaga (obsolete)\n→ Galician: bisnaga, biznaga, bizniega",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: biznaga\n→ Basque: bisnaga, biznaga\n→ Catalan: bisnaga, biçnaga (obsolete)\n→ Galician: bisnaga, biznaga, bizniega"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "pastinaca",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: pastinaca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: pastinaca"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pcd",
"2": "pasternache",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Picard: pasternache",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Picard: pasternache"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "pastinaca",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: pastinaca, pastinaga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: pastinaca, pastinaga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "pastinåke",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Walloon: pastinåke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Walloon: pastinåke"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "παστινάκη",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: παστινάκη (pastináki)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: παστινάκη (pastináki)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "Pastinaca",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Translingual: Pastinaca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Translingual: Pastinaca"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*pastinakā",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *pastinakā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *pastinakā (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pastinum",
"3": "",
"4": "kind of two-pronged dibble"
},
"expansion": "pastinum (“kind of two-pronged dibble”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pastinum (“kind of two-pronged dibble”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pastināca",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pastināca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pastināca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pastinācae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pastināca<1>"
},
"expansion": "pastināca f (genitive pastinācae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pastināca<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"parsnip"
],
"links": [
[
"parsnip",
"parsnip"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"stingray"
],
"links": [
[
"stingray",
"stingray"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pas.tiˈnaː.ka/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[päs̠t̪ɪˈnäːkä]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pas.tiˈna.ka/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[päst̪iˈnäːkä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "pastinaca"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la",
"3": "pastinaca"
},
"expansion": "Latin pastinaca",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin pastinaca.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pastinacas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "pastinaca f (plural pastinacas)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pas‧ti‧na‧ca"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Portuguese 4-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese feminine nouns",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin",
"Portuguese terms derived from Latin",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"parsnip (Pastinaca sativa, a plant known for its edible root)"
],
"links": [
[
"parsnip",
"parsnip"
],
[
"Pastinaca sativa",
"Pastinaca sativa#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cherovia"
},
{
"word": "cenoura-brava"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pas.t͡ʃiˈna.kɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pas.t͡ʃiˈna.kɐ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/paʃ.t͡ʃiˈna.kɐ/",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pas.t͡ʃiˈna.ka/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɐʃ.tiˈna.kɐ/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pastinaga"
}
],
"word": "pastinaca"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.