See pīrum on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎱𐎡𐎽𐎢𐏁",
"bor": "1",
"t": "ivory",
"tr": "",
"ts": "piruš"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Persian: 𐎱𐎡𐎽𐎢𐏁 (p-i-ru-u-š /piruš/, “ivory”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Persian: 𐎱𐎡𐎽𐎢𐏁 (p-i-ru-u-š /piruš/, “ivory”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "elx",
"2": "𒉿𒊑𒌝𒈾",
"bor": "1",
"t": "from ivory",
"tr": "pi-ri-um-na"
},
"expansion": "→ Elamite: 𒉿𒊑𒌝𒈾 (pi-ri-um-na, “from ivory”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Elamite: 𒉿𒊑𒌝𒈾 (pi-ri-um-na, “from ivory”)\""
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "pyl",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "pīl"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Persian: pyl (pīl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Persian: pyl (pīl)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "پیل",
"tr": "pil"
},
"expansion": "Persian: پیل (pil)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: پیل (pil)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "پیل",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "pil"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: پیل (pil)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: پیل (pil)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "пыл",
"3": "пил",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ossetian: пыл (pyl), пил (pil)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ossetian: пыл (pyl), пил (pil)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "فِيل",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: فِيل (fīl)\n→ Azerbaijani: فیل / фил / fil (fil)\n→ Judeo-Tat: fil / фил / פאִל (fil / фил / fil)\n→ Central Kurdish: فیل (fîl)\n→ Middle Armenian: ֆիլ (fil)\nArmenian: ֆիլ (fil)\n→ Old Norse: fíll\nFaroese: fílur\nIcelandic: fíll\n⇒ Old Norse: fílsbein (“ivory”)\nIcelandic: fílsbein\nDanish: filsben\n→ Ottoman Turkish: فیل (fil)\nTurkish: fil\n→ Albanian: fil\n→ Laz: ჶილი (fili)\n→ Serbo-Croatian: fȉl／фи̏л\n⇒ Ottoman Turkish: فیل دیشی (fildişi, “ivory”)\nTurkish: fildişi\n→ Romanian: fildeș\n→ Serbo-Croatian: фѝлдиш / fìldiš\n→ Greek: φίλντισι (fílntisi)\n→ Persian: فیل (fil)\n→ Bashkir: фил (fil)\n→ Yagnobi: фил (fil)\n→ Chechen: пийл (piı̇l)\n→ Georgian: ჶილი (fili) — Fereydan\n→ Hindi: फ़ील (fīl)\n→ Kazakh: піл (pıl)\n→ Kyrgyz: пил (pil)\n→ Northern Kurdish: fîl\n→ Pashto: پيل (pil)\n→ Tajik: фил (fil)\n→ Tatar: фил (fil)\n→ Turkmen: pil\n→ Urdu: فیل (fīl)\n→ Uyghur: پىل (pil)\n→ Uzbek: fil\n→ Old Spanish: alfil (“bishop (chess)”)\nSpanish: alfil\n→ Asturian: alfil\n→ Galician: alfil\n→ Catalan: alfil\n⇒ Arabic: عَظْم اَلْفِيل (ʕaẓm al-fīl, “ivory”)\n→ Old Spanish: almalfil\nSpanish: marfil\n→ Galician: marfil\n→ Catalan: marfil\n→ Old Galician-Portuguese: marfil, almafil\nPortuguese: marfim",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: فِيل (fīl)\n→ Azerbaijani: فیل / фил / fil (fil)\n→ Judeo-Tat: fil / фил / פאִל (fil / фил / fil)\n→ Central Kurdish: فیل (fîl)\n→ Middle Armenian: ֆիլ (fil)\nArmenian: ֆիլ (fil)\n→ Old Norse: fíll\nFaroese: fílur\nIcelandic: fíll\n⇒ Old Norse: fílsbein (“ivory”)\nIcelandic: fílsbein\nDanish: filsben\n→ Ottoman Turkish: فیل (fil)\nTurkish: fil\n→ Albanian: fil\n→ Laz: ჶილი (fili)\n→ Serbo-Croatian: fȉl／фи̏л\n⇒ Ottoman Turkish: فیل دیشی (fildişi, “ivory”)\nTurkish: fildişi\n→ Romanian: fildeș\n→ Serbo-Croatian: фѝлдиш / fìldiš\n→ Greek: φίλντισι (fílntisi)\n→ Persian: فیل (fil)\n→ Bashkir: фил (fil)\n→ Yagnobi: фил (fil)\n→ Chechen: пийл (piı̇l)\n→ Georgian: ჶილი (fili) — Fereydan\n→ Hindi: फ़ील (fīl)\n→ Kazakh: піл (pıl)\n→ Kyrgyz: пил (pil)\n→ Northern Kurdish: fîl\n→ Pashto: پيل (pil)\n→ Tajik: фил (fil)\n→ Tatar: фил (fil)\n→ Turkmen: pil\n→ Urdu: فیل (fīl)\n→ Uyghur: پىل (pil)\n→ Uzbek: fil\n→ Old Spanish: alfil (“bishop (chess)”)\nSpanish: alfil\n→ Asturian: alfil\n→ Galician: alfil\n→ Catalan: alfil\n⇒ Arabic: عَظْم اَلْفِيل (ʕaẓm al-fīl, “ivory”)\n→ Old Spanish: almalfil\nSpanish: marfil\n→ Galician: marfil\n→ Catalan: marfil\n→ Old Galician-Portuguese: marfil, almafil\nPortuguese: marfim"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ka",
"2": "სპილო",
"3": "პილო",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Georgian: სპილო (sṗilo), პილო (ṗilo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Georgian: სპილო (sṗilo), პილო (ṗilo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "փիղ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: փիղ (pʻił)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: փիղ (pʻił)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "փիղ"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: փիղ (pʻiġ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: փիղ (pʻiġ)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "egy",
"3": "pꜣ-ꜣb(w)"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian pꜣ-ꜣb(w)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐλέφας",
"3": "ἐλ-έφας"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐλ-έφας (el-éphas)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "elephant"
},
"expansion": "English elephant",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ebur",
"3": "eb-ur",
"4": "ivory"
},
"expansion": "Latin eb-ur (“ivory”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "*pirl-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *pirl-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "dra-pro",
"3": "*pal"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *pal",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Usually regarded as a loanword from some other non-Semitic or Afroasiatic language. Has been compared to Middle Egyptian pꜣ-ꜣb(w) (with the Egyptian definite article prefixed; reconstructed as /piʀ-ˈʀuːbaw/), from which Ancient Greek ἐλ-έφας (el-éphas) (whence also English elephant) and Latin eb-ur (“ivory”) are derived, too. Blažek 1998 postulates Proto-Semitic *pirl-, with assimilation r-l → r-r or r-l → l-l, yielding Akkadian forms 𒉿𒄿𒊒 (pīru) and 𒉿𒄿𒇻 (pīlu). Alternatively also said to be a loan from Proto-Dravidian *pal.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pīrū",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pīrātum",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Assyrian",
"tags": [
"Babylonian",
"Middle"
]
},
{
"form": "Neo-Assyrian",
"tags": [
"Babylonian"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mf",
"pl": "pīrū",
"pl2": "pīrātum",
"pl2g": "f",
"plg": "m"
},
"expansion": "pīrum m or f (plural pīrū m or pīrātum f)",
"name": "akk-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Akkadian",
"lang_code": "akk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Akkadian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Babylonian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Assyrian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Neo-Assyrian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "akk",
"name": "Mammals",
"orig": "akk:Mammals",
"parents": [
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elephant"
],
"id": "en-pīrum-akk-noun-zQjExDFt",
"links": [
[
"elephant",
"elephant"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "non-mimated",
"word": "pīru"
},
{
"word": "pīlu"
},
{
"word": "pēru"
},
{
"word": "pēlu"
}
],
"tags": [
"Babylonian",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpiː.rum/",
"note": "Old Babylonian"
}
],
"word": "pīrum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎱𐎡𐎽𐎢𐏁",
"bor": "1",
"t": "ivory",
"tr": "",
"ts": "piruš"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Persian: 𐎱𐎡𐎽𐎢𐏁 (p-i-ru-u-š /piruš/, “ivory”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Persian: 𐎱𐎡𐎽𐎢𐏁 (p-i-ru-u-š /piruš/, “ivory”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "elx",
"2": "𒉿𒊑𒌝𒈾",
"bor": "1",
"t": "from ivory",
"tr": "pi-ri-um-na"
},
"expansion": "→ Elamite: 𒉿𒊑𒌝𒈾 (pi-ri-um-na, “from ivory”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Elamite: 𒉿𒊑𒌝𒈾 (pi-ri-um-na, “from ivory”)\""
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "pyl",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "pīl"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Persian: pyl (pīl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Persian: pyl (pīl)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "پیل",
"tr": "pil"
},
"expansion": "Persian: پیل (pil)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: پیل (pil)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "پیل",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "pil"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: پیل (pil)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: پیل (pil)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "пыл",
"3": "пил",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ossetian: пыл (pyl), пил (pil)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ossetian: пыл (pyl), пил (pil)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "فِيل",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: فِيل (fīl)\n→ Azerbaijani: فیل / фил / fil (fil)\n→ Judeo-Tat: fil / фил / פאִל (fil / фил / fil)\n→ Central Kurdish: فیل (fîl)\n→ Middle Armenian: ֆիլ (fil)\nArmenian: ֆիլ (fil)\n→ Old Norse: fíll\nFaroese: fílur\nIcelandic: fíll\n⇒ Old Norse: fílsbein (“ivory”)\nIcelandic: fílsbein\nDanish: filsben\n→ Ottoman Turkish: فیل (fil)\nTurkish: fil\n→ Albanian: fil\n→ Laz: ჶილი (fili)\n→ Serbo-Croatian: fȉl／фи̏л\n⇒ Ottoman Turkish: فیل دیشی (fildişi, “ivory”)\nTurkish: fildişi\n→ Romanian: fildeș\n→ Serbo-Croatian: фѝлдиш / fìldiš\n→ Greek: φίλντισι (fílntisi)\n→ Persian: فیل (fil)\n→ Bashkir: фил (fil)\n→ Yagnobi: фил (fil)\n→ Chechen: пийл (piı̇l)\n→ Georgian: ჶილი (fili) — Fereydan\n→ Hindi: फ़ील (fīl)\n→ Kazakh: піл (pıl)\n→ Kyrgyz: пил (pil)\n→ Northern Kurdish: fîl\n→ Pashto: پيل (pil)\n→ Tajik: фил (fil)\n→ Tatar: фил (fil)\n→ Turkmen: pil\n→ Urdu: فیل (fīl)\n→ Uyghur: پىل (pil)\n→ Uzbek: fil\n→ Old Spanish: alfil (“bishop (chess)”)\nSpanish: alfil\n→ Asturian: alfil\n→ Galician: alfil\n→ Catalan: alfil\n⇒ Arabic: عَظْم اَلْفِيل (ʕaẓm al-fīl, “ivory”)\n→ Old Spanish: almalfil\nSpanish: marfil\n→ Galician: marfil\n→ Catalan: marfil\n→ Old Galician-Portuguese: marfil, almafil\nPortuguese: marfim",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: فِيل (fīl)\n→ Azerbaijani: فیل / фил / fil (fil)\n→ Judeo-Tat: fil / фил / פאִל (fil / фил / fil)\n→ Central Kurdish: فیل (fîl)\n→ Middle Armenian: ֆիլ (fil)\nArmenian: ֆիլ (fil)\n→ Old Norse: fíll\nFaroese: fílur\nIcelandic: fíll\n⇒ Old Norse: fílsbein (“ivory”)\nIcelandic: fílsbein\nDanish: filsben\n→ Ottoman Turkish: فیل (fil)\nTurkish: fil\n→ Albanian: fil\n→ Laz: ჶილი (fili)\n→ Serbo-Croatian: fȉl／фи̏л\n⇒ Ottoman Turkish: فیل دیشی (fildişi, “ivory”)\nTurkish: fildişi\n→ Romanian: fildeș\n→ Serbo-Croatian: фѝлдиш / fìldiš\n→ Greek: φίλντισι (fílntisi)\n→ Persian: فیل (fil)\n→ Bashkir: фил (fil)\n→ Yagnobi: фил (fil)\n→ Chechen: пийл (piı̇l)\n→ Georgian: ჶილი (fili) — Fereydan\n→ Hindi: फ़ील (fīl)\n→ Kazakh: піл (pıl)\n→ Kyrgyz: пил (pil)\n→ Northern Kurdish: fîl\n→ Pashto: پيل (pil)\n→ Tajik: фил (fil)\n→ Tatar: фил (fil)\n→ Turkmen: pil\n→ Urdu: فیل (fīl)\n→ Uyghur: پىل (pil)\n→ Uzbek: fil\n→ Old Spanish: alfil (“bishop (chess)”)\nSpanish: alfil\n→ Asturian: alfil\n→ Galician: alfil\n→ Catalan: alfil\n⇒ Arabic: عَظْم اَلْفِيل (ʕaẓm al-fīl, “ivory”)\n→ Old Spanish: almalfil\nSpanish: marfil\n→ Galician: marfil\n→ Catalan: marfil\n→ Old Galician-Portuguese: marfil, almafil\nPortuguese: marfim"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ka",
"2": "სპილო",
"3": "პილო",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Georgian: სპილო (sṗilo), პილო (ṗilo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Georgian: სპილო (sṗilo), პილო (ṗilo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "փիղ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Armenian: փիղ (pʻił)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Armenian: փիղ (pʻił)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "փիղ"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: փիղ (pʻiġ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: փիղ (pʻiġ)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "egy",
"3": "pꜣ-ꜣb(w)"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian pꜣ-ꜣb(w)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐλέφας",
"3": "ἐλ-έφας"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐλ-έφας (el-éphas)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "elephant"
},
"expansion": "English elephant",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ebur",
"3": "eb-ur",
"4": "ivory"
},
"expansion": "Latin eb-ur (“ivory”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "*pirl-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *pirl-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "dra-pro",
"3": "*pal"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *pal",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Usually regarded as a loanword from some other non-Semitic or Afroasiatic language. Has been compared to Middle Egyptian pꜣ-ꜣb(w) (with the Egyptian definite article prefixed; reconstructed as /piʀ-ˈʀuːbaw/), from which Ancient Greek ἐλ-έφας (el-éphas) (whence also English elephant) and Latin eb-ur (“ivory”) are derived, too. Blažek 1998 postulates Proto-Semitic *pirl-, with assimilation r-l → r-r or r-l → l-l, yielding Akkadian forms 𒉿𒄿𒊒 (pīru) and 𒉿𒄿𒇻 (pīlu). Alternatively also said to be a loan from Proto-Dravidian *pal.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pīrū",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pīrātum",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Assyrian",
"tags": [
"Babylonian",
"Middle"
]
},
{
"form": "Neo-Assyrian",
"tags": [
"Babylonian"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mf",
"pl": "pīrū",
"pl2": "pīrātum",
"pl2g": "f",
"plg": "m"
},
"expansion": "pīrum m or f (plural pīrū m or pīrātum f)",
"name": "akk-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Akkadian",
"lang_code": "akk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Akkadian entries with incorrect language header",
"Akkadian feminine nouns",
"Akkadian lemmas",
"Akkadian masculine nouns",
"Akkadian nouns",
"Akkadian nouns with multiple genders",
"Akkadian terms borrowed from Proto-Dravidian",
"Akkadian terms derived from Egyptian",
"Akkadian terms derived from Proto-Dravidian",
"Akkadian terms derived from Proto-Semitic",
"Akkadian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Akkadian terms with redundant head parameter",
"Babylonian",
"Middle Assyrian",
"Neo-Assyrian",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"akk:Mammals"
],
"glosses": [
"elephant"
],
"links": [
[
"elephant",
"elephant"
]
],
"tags": [
"Babylonian",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpiː.rum/",
"note": "Old Babylonian"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "non-mimated",
"word": "pīru"
},
{
"word": "pīlu"
},
{
"word": "pēru"
},
{
"word": "pēlu"
}
],
"word": "pīrum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pīrum meaning in All languages combined (7.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.