See lwa(ː)j on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Chinese: 易 (yì) /*lek-s/ (? < /*ɴ(ə)-lek-s/, see Sagart, 2007) (B-S), /*leːɡs/ (ZS) (\"easy\")"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "(in the oracle bone script)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Naga:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*m-laj (Bruhn, 2014)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Angami-Pochuri"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "njm",
"2": "meli",
"alt": "meli",
"t": "easy"
},
"expansion": "Angami: meli (“easy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Angami: meli (“easy”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tangkhulic"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*plaj (Mortensen, 2012)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Meitei [Manipuri]: লৈবা (laiba, “easy”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tangut-Qiang"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Tangut"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txg",
"2": "𗧙",
"t": "easy"
},
"expansion": "Tangut: 𗧙 (*ljɨ², “easy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tangut: 𗧙 (*ljɨ², “easy”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Jingpho [Kachin]: loi (“easy”), lwe (“easy”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lolo-Burmese"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Burmish"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "လွယ်",
"t": "easy"
},
"expansion": "Burmese: လွယ် (lwai, “easy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Written Burmese: လွယ် (lwai, “easy”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lsi",
"2": "lø"
},
"expansion": "Lashi: lø",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lashi: lø"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Loloish"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yi: ꆻ (liet, “easy”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kac",
"2": "loi ~ lwe",
"3": "",
"4": "easy"
},
"expansion": "Jingpho loi ~ lwe (“easy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "易",
"2": "easy",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "易 (OC *leːɡs, “easy”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "役",
"2": "to do service, do labour"
},
"expansion": "役 (OC *ɢʷeɡ, “to do service, do labour”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "易",
"2": "easy",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "易 (OC *leːɡs, “easy”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "易",
"2": "to change",
"id": "2"
},
"expansion": "易 (OC *leɡ, “to change”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "移",
"2": "to change"
},
"expansion": "移 (OC *lal, “to change”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "易",
"2": "easy",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "易 (OC *leːɡs, “easy”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sit-pro",
"2": "*l(j)a(k/ŋ)",
"3": "",
"4": "good, beautiful"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l(j)a(k/ŋ) (“good, beautiful”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "* Proto-Sino-Tibetan: ?\n** Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *lwa(ː)y (Matisoff, STEDT); *lway (Weidert, 1987; Benedict, 1972); *s-l(w)a-y (LaPolla, 1987)\nThe quantity of the nuclear vowel has not yet been established, although Jingpho loi ~ lwe (“easy”) doublet suggests that it might have been long (Matisoff, 2003: 213).\nMatisoff (STEDT) and Schuessler (2007) propose 易 (OC *leːɡs, “easy”) as Chinese comparandum. The presence of a labio-velar approximant as well as a velar coda in Chinese is confirmed by the fact that the character was borrowed to write 役 (OC *ɢʷeɡ, “to do service, do labour”) in some classical texts predating the Han dynasty. 易 (OC *leːɡs, “easy”) should not be confused with his homograph 易 (OC *leɡ, “to change”), a derivate of 移 (OC *lal, “to change”) via k-suffixation, i.e. OC *lek < *lajk < *laj + -k.\nAccording to Schuessler (2007), 易 (OC *leːɡs, “easy”) could be compared with Tibetan ལེགས་པོ (legs po, “good, beautiful”) and ཡག་པོ (yag po, “good, fine”) due to phonetic similarity. However, Matisoff (STEDT) reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l(j)a(k/ŋ) (“good, beautiful”) for these two Tibetan words.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lwaj",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sit-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*lwa(ː)j",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"lang_code": "sit-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/lwa(ː)j",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"easy"
],
"id": "en-lwa(ː)j-sit-pro-adj-l8EO~gHV",
"links": [
[
"easy",
"easy"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "lwa(ː)j"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Chinese: 易 (yì) /*lek-s/ (? < /*ɴ(ə)-lek-s/, see Sagart, 2007) (B-S), /*leːɡs/ (ZS) (\"easy\")"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "(in the oracle bone script)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Naga:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*m-laj (Bruhn, 2014)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Angami-Pochuri"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "njm",
"2": "meli",
"alt": "meli",
"t": "easy"
},
"expansion": "Angami: meli (“easy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Angami: meli (“easy”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tangkhulic"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*plaj (Mortensen, 2012)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Meitei [Manipuri]: লৈবা (laiba, “easy”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tangut-Qiang"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Tangut"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txg",
"2": "𗧙",
"t": "easy"
},
"expansion": "Tangut: 𗧙 (*ljɨ², “easy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tangut: 𗧙 (*ljɨ², “easy”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Jingpho [Kachin]: loi (“easy”), lwe (“easy”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lolo-Burmese"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Burmish"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "လွယ်",
"t": "easy"
},
"expansion": "Burmese: လွယ် (lwai, “easy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Written Burmese: လွယ် (lwai, “easy”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lsi",
"2": "lø"
},
"expansion": "Lashi: lø",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lashi: lø"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Loloish"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yi: ꆻ (liet, “easy”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kac",
"2": "loi ~ lwe",
"3": "",
"4": "easy"
},
"expansion": "Jingpho loi ~ lwe (“easy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "易",
"2": "easy",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "易 (OC *leːɡs, “easy”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "役",
"2": "to do service, do labour"
},
"expansion": "役 (OC *ɢʷeɡ, “to do service, do labour”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "易",
"2": "easy",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "易 (OC *leːɡs, “easy”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "易",
"2": "to change",
"id": "2"
},
"expansion": "易 (OC *leɡ, “to change”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "移",
"2": "to change"
},
"expansion": "移 (OC *lal, “to change”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "易",
"2": "easy",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "易 (OC *leːɡs, “easy”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sit-pro",
"2": "*l(j)a(k/ŋ)",
"3": "",
"4": "good, beautiful"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l(j)a(k/ŋ) (“good, beautiful”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "* Proto-Sino-Tibetan: ?\n** Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *lwa(ː)y (Matisoff, STEDT); *lway (Weidert, 1987; Benedict, 1972); *s-l(w)a-y (LaPolla, 1987)\nThe quantity of the nuclear vowel has not yet been established, although Jingpho loi ~ lwe (“easy”) doublet suggests that it might have been long (Matisoff, 2003: 213).\nMatisoff (STEDT) and Schuessler (2007) propose 易 (OC *leːɡs, “easy”) as Chinese comparandum. The presence of a labio-velar approximant as well as a velar coda in Chinese is confirmed by the fact that the character was borrowed to write 役 (OC *ɢʷeɡ, “to do service, do labour”) in some classical texts predating the Han dynasty. 易 (OC *leːɡs, “easy”) should not be confused with his homograph 易 (OC *leɡ, “to change”), a derivate of 移 (OC *lal, “to change”) via k-suffixation, i.e. OC *lek < *lajk < *laj + -k.\nAccording to Schuessler (2007), 易 (OC *leːɡs, “easy”) could be compared with Tibetan ལེགས་པོ (legs po, “good, beautiful”) and ཡག་པོ (yag po, “good, fine”) due to phonetic similarity. However, Matisoff (STEDT) reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l(j)a(k/ŋ) (“good, beautiful”) for these two Tibetan words.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lwaj",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sit-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*lwa(ː)j",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"lang_code": "sit-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/lwa(ː)j",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Sino-Tibetan adjectives",
"Proto-Sino-Tibetan entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Sino-Tibetan lemmas"
],
"glosses": [
"easy"
],
"links": [
[
"easy",
"easy"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "lwa(ː)j"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lwa(ː)j meaning in All languages combined (4.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (bb46d54 and 0c3c9f6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.