"limn" meaning in All languages combined

See limn on Wiktionary

Verb [English]

IPA: /lɪm/ [General-American, Received-Pronunciation] Audio: En-uk-limn.oga [Received-Pronunciation] Forms: limns [present, singular, third-person], limning [participle, present], limned [participle, past], limned [past]
enPR: lĭm Rhymes: -ɪm Etymology: From Middle English limnen, limyne, lymm, lymn, lymne (“to illuminate (a manuscript)”), a variant of luminen (“to illuminate (a manuscript)”), short form of enluminen (“to shed light on, illuminate; to enlighten; to make bright or clear; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript); to depict, describe; to adorn or embellish with figures of speech or poetry; to make famous, glorious, or illustrious”), from Old French enluminer (“to brighten, light up; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript)”), from Latin illūminō (“to brighten, light up; to adorn; to make conspicuous”), from il- (a variant of in- (prefix meaning ‘in, inside’)) + lūminō (“to brighten, illuminate; to reveal”) (from lūmen (“light; (poetic) brightness”) (from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“bright; to shine; to see”)) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*lewk-}}, {{inh|en|enm|limnen}} Middle English limnen, {{m|enm|limyne}} limyne, {{m|enm|lymm}} lymm, {{m|enm|lymn}} lymn, {{m|enm|lymne|t=to illuminate (a manuscript)}} lymne (“to illuminate (a manuscript)”), {{m|enm|luminen|t=to illuminate (a manuscript)}} luminen (“to illuminate (a manuscript)”), {{m|enm|enluminen|t=to shed light on, illuminate; to enlighten; to make bright or clear; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript); to depict, describe; to adorn or embellish with figures of speech or poetry; to make famous, glorious, or illustrious}} enluminen (“to shed light on, illuminate; to enlighten; to make bright or clear; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript); to depict, describe; to adorn or embellish with figures of speech or poetry; to make famous, glorious, or illustrious”), {{der|en|fro|enluminer|t=to brighten, light up; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript)}} Old French enluminer (“to brighten, light up; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript)”), {{der|en|la|illūminō|t=to brighten, light up; to adorn; to make conspicuous}} Latin illūminō (“to brighten, light up; to adorn; to make conspicuous”), {{m|la|il-}} il-, {{m|la|in-|pos=prefix meaning ‘in, inside’}} in- (prefix meaning ‘in, inside’), {{m|la|lūminō|t=to brighten, illuminate; to reveal}} lūminō (“to brighten, illuminate; to reveal”), {{m|la|lūmen||light; (poetic) brightness}} lūmen (“light; (poetic) brightness”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*lewk-|t=bright; to shine; to see}} Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“bright; to shine; to see”), {{m|la|-ō|pos=suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs}} -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs) Head templates: {{en-verb}} limn (third-person singular simple present limns, present participle limning, simple past and past participle limned)
  1. (transitive, also figuratively) To draw or paint; to delineate. Tags: also, figuratively, transitive Synonyms: depict Translations (to delineate — see also delineate): dépeindre (French) Translations (to draw — see also draw): dessiner (French)
    Sense id: en-limn-en-verb-7PYrdYMt Disambiguation of 'to delineate — see also delineate': 81 19 Disambiguation of 'to draw — see also draw': 59 41
  2. (transitive, obsolete) To illuminate, as a manuscript; to decorate with gold or some other bright colour. Tags: obsolete, transitive Synonyms: enlimn (english: to illuminate (a manuscript)) Translations (to illuminate, as a manuscript — see also illuminate): enluminer (French)
    Sense id: en-limn-en-verb-olNUe0Eu Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 9 91 Disambiguation of 'to illuminate, as a manuscript — see also illuminate': 2 98
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: limne [obsolete] Derived forms: dislimn, enlimn, limner, limning [noun], unlimned Translations (to paint — see also paint): peindre (French)
Disambiguation of 'to paint — see also paint': 51 49

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for limn meaning in All languages combined (11.1kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "dislimn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "enlimn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "limner"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "limning"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "unlimned"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*lewk-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "limnen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English limnen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "limyne"
      },
      "expansion": "limyne",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "lymm"
      },
      "expansion": "lymm",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "lymn"
      },
      "expansion": "lymn",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "lymne",
        "t": "to illuminate (a manuscript)"
      },
      "expansion": "lymne (“to illuminate (a manuscript)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "luminen",
        "t": "to illuminate (a manuscript)"
      },
      "expansion": "luminen (“to illuminate (a manuscript)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "enluminen",
        "t": "to shed light on, illuminate; to enlighten; to make bright or clear; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript); to depict, describe; to adorn or embellish with figures of speech or poetry; to make famous, glorious, or illustrious"
      },
      "expansion": "enluminen (“to shed light on, illuminate; to enlighten; to make bright or clear; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript); to depict, describe; to adorn or embellish with figures of speech or poetry; to make famous, glorious, or illustrious”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "enluminer",
        "t": "to brighten, light up; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript)"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French enluminer (“to brighten, light up; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript)”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "illūminō",
        "t": "to brighten, light up; to adorn; to make conspicuous"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin illūminō (“to brighten, light up; to adorn; to make conspicuous”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "il-"
      },
      "expansion": "il-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "in-",
        "pos": "prefix meaning ‘in, inside’"
      },
      "expansion": "in- (prefix meaning ‘in, inside’)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "lūminō",
        "t": "to brighten, illuminate; to reveal"
      },
      "expansion": "lūminō (“to brighten, illuminate; to reveal”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "lūmen",
        "3": "",
        "4": "light; (poetic) brightness"
      },
      "expansion": "lūmen (“light; (poetic) brightness”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*lewk-",
        "t": "bright; to shine; to see"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“bright; to shine; to see”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-ō",
        "pos": "suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "-ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English limnen, limyne, lymm, lymn, lymne (“to illuminate (a manuscript)”), a variant of luminen (“to illuminate (a manuscript)”), short form of enluminen (“to shed light on, illuminate; to enlighten; to make bright or clear; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript); to depict, describe; to adorn or embellish with figures of speech or poetry; to make famous, glorious, or illustrious”), from Old French enluminer (“to brighten, light up; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript)”), from Latin illūminō (“to brighten, light up; to adorn; to make conspicuous”), from il- (a variant of in- (prefix meaning ‘in, inside’)) + lūminō (“to brighten, illuminate; to reveal”) (from lūmen (“light; (poetic) brightness”) (from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“bright; to shine; to see”)) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "limns",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "limning",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "limned",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "limned",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "limn (third-person singular simple present limns, present participle limning, simple past and past participle limned)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "a. 1627, Francis Bacon, “[Poems Found among the Papers of Sir Henry Wotton.] The World.”, in Henry Wotton, edited by Izaac Walton [i.e., Izaak Walton], Reliquiæ Wottonianæ: Or, A Collection of Lives, Letters, Poems; with Characters of Sundry Personages: And Other Incomparable Pieces of Language and Art. […], 4th edition, London: Printed for B[enjamin] Tooke, […], and T[homas] Sawbridge […], published 1685, →OCLC, page 397",
          "text": "Who then to frail Mortality ſhall truſt, / But limns in Water, or but writes in Duſt.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1652, J[ohn] A[mos] Comenius, “Of Opticks [Eye-craft,] and Painting”, in Tho[mas] Horn[e], transl., edited by Joh[n] Robotham, W[illiam] D[ugard], and G. P., Janua Linguarum Reserata: Sive, Omnium Scientiarum & Linguarum Seminarium: […] = The Gate of Languages Unlocked: Or, a Seed-plot of All Arts and Tongues; Containing a Ready Way to Learn the Latine and English Tongue. […], London: Printed by Edw[ard] Griffin, and Wil[liam] Hunt, for Thomas Slater, […], →OCLC, paragraph 770",
          "text": "Then the Painter, according to the pattern of ſome living thing, portraieth [draweth out] the picture groſly; afterward he reſembleth it to the life, and with his pencil limneth it with different painting colors.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1846, Charles Devonshire, The Sorceress of Saragossa; a Play, in Five Acts, Falmouth, Cornwall: Printed by Fred H. Earle, […], →OCLC, act II, scene i, page 23",
          "text": "Thou limnest well, / Were I to paint, I should shew you happy.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1661 November 1, Thomas Browne, “[Domestic Correspondence.] Dr. Browne to His Son Thomas.—Norwich, Nov. 1, [1661.]”, in Simon Wilkin, editor, The Works of Sir Thomas Browne (Bohn’s Antiquarian Library), volume III, London: Henry G[eorge] Bohn, published 1852, →OCLC, page 395",
          "text": "Read books which are in french and Latin, for so you may retain and increase your knowledge in Latin: some times draw and limn and practise perspective.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1905, Herbert A[llen] Giles, “Childbirth, Childhood, and the Position of Woman”, in Adversaria Sinica, number 1, Shanghai: Messrs. Kelly & Walsh, Ltd., →OCLC, page 377",
          "text": "[S]he laughs—in golden tones; she sleeps—like a fragrant lily; she dresses—limning her eyebrows like those of the silkworm moth.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1964, Kōbō Abe [pseudonym; Kimifusa Abe], chapter 30, in E. Dale Saunders, transl., The Woman in the Dunes: Translated from the Japanese, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A. Knopf, →OCLC; 1st Vintage International edition, New York, N.Y.: Vintage International, Vintage Books, April 1991, pages 226–227",
          "text": "As he looked up at the rim of the hole, faintly limned in the moonlight, he mused that this searching feeling of his was perhaps jealousy.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2000 March 10, Michiko Kakutani, “Earthlings may endanger your peaceful rationality [review of Mr. Spaceman (2000) by Robert Olen Butler]”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-27",
          "text": "In telling these people's stories Mr. [Robert Olen] Butler draws upon the same gifts of empathy and insight, the same ability to limn an entire life in a couple of pages, […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2014 October, Karen Hawkins, chapter 2, in The Prince who Loved Me, 1st Pocket Books paperback edition, New York, N.Y.: Pocket Books, page 9",
          "text": "And in her mind's eye, Roland had been exactly such a man as this—tall, dark, foreboding even, with a strong jaw that bespoke a character worth knowing, and intelligence agleam in his eyes. As if to reaffirm her imagination, the sun broke through the trees to limn his broad shoulders with gold.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2022, China Miéville, chapter 2, in A Spectre, Haunting: On the Communist Manifesto, →OCLC",
          "text": "Still, though their terminology changed and their analysis developed, the model is limned fairly clearly as early as 1845–46, in the co-written The German Ideology.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To draw or paint; to delineate."
      ],
      "id": "en-limn-en-verb-7PYrdYMt",
      "links": [
        [
          "draw",
          "draw#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "paint",
          "paint#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "delineate",
          "delineate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, also figuratively) To draw or paint; to delineate."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "depict"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "also",
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "59 41",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to draw — see also draw",
          "word": "dessiner"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 19",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to delineate — see also delineate",
          "word": "dépeindre"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1721, John Strype, chapter XXV, in Ecclesiastical Memorials; Relating Chiefly to Religion, and the Reformation of It, and the Emergencies of the Church of England, under King Henry VIII. King Edward VI. and Queen Mary the First. […] In Three Volumes. […], volume I, London: Printed for John Wyat, […], →OCLC, book I, page 182",
          "text": "Some of her [Elizabeth Barton's] Revelations were no better than ſilly Tales: Such was a certain Tale of Mary Magdalen, delivering her a Letter from Heaven, that was limned with golden Letters: which indeed was written by a Monk of St. Auguſtines, Canterbury: and another at Calais.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To illuminate, as a manuscript; to decorate with gold or some other bright colour."
      ],
      "id": "en-limn-en-verb-olNUe0Eu",
      "links": [
        [
          "illuminate",
          "illuminate"
        ],
        [
          "manuscript",
          "manuscript"
        ],
        [
          "decorate",
          "decorate"
        ],
        [
          "gold",
          "gold"
        ],
        [
          "bright",
          "bright"
        ],
        [
          "colour",
          "colour#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, obsolete) To illuminate, as a manuscript; to decorate with gold or some other bright colour."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "english": "to illuminate (a manuscript)",
          "word": "enlimn"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 98",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to illuminate, as a manuscript — see also illuminate",
          "word": "enluminer"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/lɪm/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪm"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "lim"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "limb"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-uk-limn.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-uk-limn.oga/En-uk-limn.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-uk-limn.oga",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (RP)"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "lĭm"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "limne"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "_dis1": "51 49",
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to paint — see also paint",
      "word": "peindre"
    }
  ],
  "word": "limn"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewk-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɪm",
    "Rhymes:English/ɪm/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "dislimn"
    },
    {
      "word": "enlimn"
    },
    {
      "word": "limner"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "limning"
    },
    {
      "word": "unlimned"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*lewk-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "limnen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English limnen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "limyne"
      },
      "expansion": "limyne",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "lymm"
      },
      "expansion": "lymm",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "lymn"
      },
      "expansion": "lymn",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "lymne",
        "t": "to illuminate (a manuscript)"
      },
      "expansion": "lymne (“to illuminate (a manuscript)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "luminen",
        "t": "to illuminate (a manuscript)"
      },
      "expansion": "luminen (“to illuminate (a manuscript)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "enluminen",
        "t": "to shed light on, illuminate; to enlighten; to make bright or clear; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript); to depict, describe; to adorn or embellish with figures of speech or poetry; to make famous, glorious, or illustrious"
      },
      "expansion": "enluminen (“to shed light on, illuminate; to enlighten; to make bright or clear; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript); to depict, describe; to adorn or embellish with figures of speech or poetry; to make famous, glorious, or illustrious”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "enluminer",
        "t": "to brighten, light up; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript)"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French enluminer (“to brighten, light up; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript)”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "illūminō",
        "t": "to brighten, light up; to adorn; to make conspicuous"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin illūminō (“to brighten, light up; to adorn; to make conspicuous”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "il-"
      },
      "expansion": "il-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "in-",
        "pos": "prefix meaning ‘in, inside’"
      },
      "expansion": "in- (prefix meaning ‘in, inside’)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "lūminō",
        "t": "to brighten, illuminate; to reveal"
      },
      "expansion": "lūminō (“to brighten, illuminate; to reveal”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "lūmen",
        "3": "",
        "4": "light; (poetic) brightness"
      },
      "expansion": "lūmen (“light; (poetic) brightness”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*lewk-",
        "t": "bright; to shine; to see"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“bright; to shine; to see”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-ō",
        "pos": "suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "-ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English limnen, limyne, lymm, lymn, lymne (“to illuminate (a manuscript)”), a variant of luminen (“to illuminate (a manuscript)”), short form of enluminen (“to shed light on, illuminate; to enlighten; to make bright or clear; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript); to depict, describe; to adorn or embellish with figures of speech or poetry; to make famous, glorious, or illustrious”), from Old French enluminer (“to brighten, light up; to give colour to; to illuminate (a manuscript)”), from Latin illūminō (“to brighten, light up; to adorn; to make conspicuous”), from il- (a variant of in- (prefix meaning ‘in, inside’)) + lūminō (“to brighten, illuminate; to reveal”) (from lūmen (“light; (poetic) brightness”) (from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“bright; to shine; to see”)) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "limns",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "limning",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "limned",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "limned",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "limn (third-person singular simple present limns, present participle limning, simple past and past participle limned)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "a. 1627, Francis Bacon, “[Poems Found among the Papers of Sir Henry Wotton.] The World.”, in Henry Wotton, edited by Izaac Walton [i.e., Izaak Walton], Reliquiæ Wottonianæ: Or, A Collection of Lives, Letters, Poems; with Characters of Sundry Personages: And Other Incomparable Pieces of Language and Art. […], 4th edition, London: Printed for B[enjamin] Tooke, […], and T[homas] Sawbridge […], published 1685, →OCLC, page 397",
          "text": "Who then to frail Mortality ſhall truſt, / But limns in Water, or but writes in Duſt.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1652, J[ohn] A[mos] Comenius, “Of Opticks [Eye-craft,] and Painting”, in Tho[mas] Horn[e], transl., edited by Joh[n] Robotham, W[illiam] D[ugard], and G. P., Janua Linguarum Reserata: Sive, Omnium Scientiarum & Linguarum Seminarium: […] = The Gate of Languages Unlocked: Or, a Seed-plot of All Arts and Tongues; Containing a Ready Way to Learn the Latine and English Tongue. […], London: Printed by Edw[ard] Griffin, and Wil[liam] Hunt, for Thomas Slater, […], →OCLC, paragraph 770",
          "text": "Then the Painter, according to the pattern of ſome living thing, portraieth [draweth out] the picture groſly; afterward he reſembleth it to the life, and with his pencil limneth it with different painting colors.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1846, Charles Devonshire, The Sorceress of Saragossa; a Play, in Five Acts, Falmouth, Cornwall: Printed by Fred H. Earle, […], →OCLC, act II, scene i, page 23",
          "text": "Thou limnest well, / Were I to paint, I should shew you happy.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1661 November 1, Thomas Browne, “[Domestic Correspondence.] Dr. Browne to His Son Thomas.—Norwich, Nov. 1, [1661.]”, in Simon Wilkin, editor, The Works of Sir Thomas Browne (Bohn’s Antiquarian Library), volume III, London: Henry G[eorge] Bohn, published 1852, →OCLC, page 395",
          "text": "Read books which are in french and Latin, for so you may retain and increase your knowledge in Latin: some times draw and limn and practise perspective.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1905, Herbert A[llen] Giles, “Childbirth, Childhood, and the Position of Woman”, in Adversaria Sinica, number 1, Shanghai: Messrs. Kelly & Walsh, Ltd., →OCLC, page 377",
          "text": "[S]he laughs—in golden tones; she sleeps—like a fragrant lily; she dresses—limning her eyebrows like those of the silkworm moth.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1964, Kōbō Abe [pseudonym; Kimifusa Abe], chapter 30, in E. Dale Saunders, transl., The Woman in the Dunes: Translated from the Japanese, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A. Knopf, →OCLC; 1st Vintage International edition, New York, N.Y.: Vintage International, Vintage Books, April 1991, pages 226–227",
          "text": "As he looked up at the rim of the hole, faintly limned in the moonlight, he mused that this searching feeling of his was perhaps jealousy.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2000 March 10, Michiko Kakutani, “Earthlings may endanger your peaceful rationality [review of Mr. Spaceman (2000) by Robert Olen Butler]”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-27",
          "text": "In telling these people's stories Mr. [Robert Olen] Butler draws upon the same gifts of empathy and insight, the same ability to limn an entire life in a couple of pages, […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2014 October, Karen Hawkins, chapter 2, in The Prince who Loved Me, 1st Pocket Books paperback edition, New York, N.Y.: Pocket Books, page 9",
          "text": "And in her mind's eye, Roland had been exactly such a man as this—tall, dark, foreboding even, with a strong jaw that bespoke a character worth knowing, and intelligence agleam in his eyes. As if to reaffirm her imagination, the sun broke through the trees to limn his broad shoulders with gold.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2022, China Miéville, chapter 2, in A Spectre, Haunting: On the Communist Manifesto, →OCLC",
          "text": "Still, though their terminology changed and their analysis developed, the model is limned fairly clearly as early as 1845–46, in the co-written The German Ideology.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To draw or paint; to delineate."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "draw",
          "draw#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "paint",
          "paint#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "delineate",
          "delineate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, also figuratively) To draw or paint; to delineate."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "depict"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "also",
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1721, John Strype, chapter XXV, in Ecclesiastical Memorials; Relating Chiefly to Religion, and the Reformation of It, and the Emergencies of the Church of England, under King Henry VIII. King Edward VI. and Queen Mary the First. […] In Three Volumes. […], volume I, London: Printed for John Wyat, […], →OCLC, book I, page 182",
          "text": "Some of her [Elizabeth Barton's] Revelations were no better than ſilly Tales: Such was a certain Tale of Mary Magdalen, delivering her a Letter from Heaven, that was limned with golden Letters: which indeed was written by a Monk of St. Auguſtines, Canterbury: and another at Calais.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To illuminate, as a manuscript; to decorate with gold or some other bright colour."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "illuminate",
          "illuminate"
        ],
        [
          "manuscript",
          "manuscript"
        ],
        [
          "decorate",
          "decorate"
        ],
        [
          "gold",
          "gold"
        ],
        [
          "bright",
          "bright"
        ],
        [
          "colour",
          "colour#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, obsolete) To illuminate, as a manuscript; to decorate with gold or some other bright colour."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "english": "to illuminate (a manuscript)",
          "word": "enlimn"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/lɪm/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪm"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "lim"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "limb"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-uk-limn.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-uk-limn.oga/En-uk-limn.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-uk-limn.oga",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (RP)"
    },
    {
      "enpr": "lĭm"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "limne"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to draw — see also draw",
      "word": "dessiner"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to paint — see also paint",
      "word": "peindre"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to delineate — see also delineate",
      "word": "dépeindre"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to illuminate, as a manuscript — see also illuminate",
      "word": "enluminer"
    }
  ],
  "word": "limn"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.