kuru

By the late 1950s, kuru was the leading cause of death among Fore women, and it had killed so many that men outnumbered women by three to one.

1999, Matt Ridley, Genome, Harper Perennial, published 2004, page 273:

A chronic, progressive, fatal central nervous system disease found mainly among the Fore and neighboring peoples of New Guinea, caused by a prion that probably resembles the scrapie agent of sheep, transmissible to nonhuman primates, and believed to be transmitted by ritual cannibalism.

From Fore kúru (literally “trembling, shivering”). Perhaps eventually from Proto-Gorokan *kút(V) (“dangling, shaking”) if cognate with the reduplicated element of Yagaria gúli gúli hu- (“be loose, rattle”).


kuru

From Proto-Central-Pacific *kuru, from Proto-Oceanic *kuruq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *guruq.


kuru

(geography) gorge, gulch, ravine, flume (narrow v-shaped valley, often with water running through)

kuru (nominative singular)
kurut (nominative plural)
kuru (accusative nominative singular)
kurut (accusative nominative plural)
kurun (accusative genitive singular)
kurut (accusative genitive plural)
kurun (genitive singular)
kurujen (genitive plural)
kurua (partitive singular)
kuruja (partitive plural)
kurussa (inessive singular)
kuruissa (inessive plural)
kurusta (elative singular)
kuruista (elative plural)
kuruun (illative singular)
kuruihin (illative plural)
kurulla (adessive singular)
kuruilla (adessive plural)
kurulta (ablative singular)
kuruilta (ablative plural)
kurulle (allative singular)
kuruille (allative plural)
kuruna (essive singular)
kuruina (essive plural)
kuruksi (singular translative)
kuruiksi (plural translative)
kurutta (abessive singular)
kuruitta (abessive plural)
kuruin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
kuruni (nominative singular)
kuruni (nominative plural)
kuruni (accusative nominative singular)
kuruni (accusative nominative plural)
kuruni (accusative genitive singular)
kuruni (accusative genitive plural)
kuruni (genitive singular)
kurujeni (genitive plural)
kuruani (partitive singular)
kurujani (partitive plural)
kurussani (inessive singular)
kuruissani (inessive plural)
kurustani (elative singular)
kuruistani (elative plural)
kuruuni (illative singular)
kuruihini (illative plural)
kurullani (adessive singular)
kuruillani (adessive plural)
kurultani (ablative singular)
kuruiltani (ablative plural)
kurulleni (allative singular)
kuruilleni (allative plural)
kurunani (essive singular)
kuruinani (essive plural)
kurukseni (singular translative)
kuruikseni (plural translative)
kuruttani (abessive singular)
kuruittani (abessive plural)
kuruineni (comitative plural)
kurusi (nominative singular)
kurusi (nominative plural)
kurusi (accusative nominative singular)
kurusi (accusative nominative plural)
kurusi (accusative genitive singular)
kurusi (accusative genitive plural)
kurusi (genitive singular)
kurujesi (genitive plural)
kuruasi (partitive singular)
kurujasi (partitive plural)
kurussasi (inessive singular)
kuruissasi (inessive plural)
kurustasi (elative singular)
kuruistasi (elative plural)
kuruusi (illative singular)
kuruihisi (illative plural)
kurullasi (adessive singular)
kuruillasi (adessive plural)
kurultasi (ablative singular)
kuruiltasi (ablative plural)
kurullesi (allative singular)
kuruillesi (allative plural)
kurunasi (essive singular)
kuruinasi (essive plural)
kuruksesi (singular translative)
kuruiksesi (plural translative)
kuruttasi (abessive singular)
kuruittasi (abessive plural)
kuruinesi (comitative plural)
kurumme (nominative singular)
kurumme (nominative plural)
kurumme (accusative nominative singular)
kurumme (accusative nominative plural)
kurumme (accusative genitive singular)
kurumme (accusative genitive plural)
kurumme (genitive singular)
kurujemme (genitive plural)
kuruamme (partitive singular)
kurujamme (partitive plural)
kurussamme (inessive singular)
kuruissamme (inessive plural)
kurustamme (elative singular)
kuruistamme (elative plural)
kuruumme (illative singular)
kuruihimme (illative plural)
kurullamme (adessive singular)
kuruillamme (adessive plural)
kurultamme (ablative singular)
kuruiltamme (ablative plural)
kurullemme (allative singular)
kuruillemme (allative plural)
kurunamme (essive singular)
kuruinamme (essive plural)
kuruksemme (singular translative)
kuruiksemme (plural translative)
kuruttamme (abessive singular)
kuruittamme (abessive plural)
kuruinemme (comitative plural)
kurunne (nominative singular)
kurunne (nominative plural)
kurunne (accusative nominative singular)
kurunne (accusative nominative plural)
kurunne (accusative genitive singular)
kurunne (accusative genitive plural)
kurunne (genitive singular)
kurujenne (genitive plural)
kuruanne (partitive singular)
kurujanne (partitive plural)
kurussanne (inessive singular)
kuruissanne (inessive plural)
kurustanne (elative singular)
kuruistanne (elative plural)
kuruunne (illative singular)
kuruihinne (illative plural)
kurullanne (adessive singular)
kuruillanne (adessive plural)
kurultanne (ablative singular)
kuruiltanne (ablative plural)
kurullenne (allative singular)
kuruillenne (allative plural)
kurunanne (essive singular)
kuruinanne (essive plural)
kuruksenne (singular translative)
kuruiksenne (plural translative)
kuruttanne (abessive singular)
kuruittanne (abessive plural)
kuruinenne (comitative plural)
kurunsa (nominative singular)
kurunsa (nominative plural)
kurunsa (accusative nominative singular)
kurunsa (accusative nominative plural)
kurunsa (accusative genitive singular)
kurunsa (accusative genitive plural)
kurunsa (genitive singular)
kurujensa (genitive plural)
kuruaan (partitive singular)
kuruansa (partitive singular)
kurujaan (partitive plural)
kurujansa (partitive plural)
kurussaan (inessive singular)
kurussansa (inessive singular)
kuruissaan (inessive plural)
kuruissansa (inessive plural)
kurustaan (elative singular)
kurustansa (elative singular)
kuruistaan (elative plural)
kuruistansa (elative plural)
kuruunsa (illative singular)
kuruihinsa (illative plural)
kurullaan (adessive singular)
kurullansa (adessive singular)
kuruillaan (adessive plural)
kuruillansa (adessive plural)
kurultaan (ablative singular)
kurultansa (ablative singular)
kuruiltaan (ablative plural)
kuruiltansa (ablative plural)
kurulleen (allative singular)
kurullensa (allative singular)
kuruilleen (allative plural)
kuruillensa (allative plural)
kurunaan (essive singular)
kurunansa (essive singular)
kuruinaan (essive plural)
kuruinansa (essive plural)
kurukseen (singular translative)
kuruksensa (singular translative)
kuruikseen (plural translative)
kuruiksensa (plural translative)
kuruttaan (abessive singular)
kuruttansa (abessive singular)
kuruittaan (abessive plural)
kuruittansa (abessive plural)
kuruineen (comitative plural)
kuruinensa (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *kuru (compare Estonian kuru), from Proto-Finno-Ugric *kure (compare Komi-Zyrian кыр (kyr), Eastern Mari курык (kuryk), Eastern Khanty кор (kor)).


kuru

kuru (nominative singular)
kuru (accusative nominative singular)
kurun (accusative genitive singular)
kurun (genitive singular)
kurua (partitive singular)
kurussa (inessive singular)
kurusta (elative singular)
kuruun (illative singular)
kurulla (adessive singular)
kurulta (ablative singular)
kurulle (allative singular)
kuruna (essive singular)
kuruksi (singular translative)
kurutta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
kuruni (nominative singular)
kuruni (accusative nominative singular)
kuruni (accusative genitive singular)
kuruni (genitive singular)
kuruani (partitive singular)
kurussani (inessive singular)
kurustani (elative singular)
kuruuni (illative singular)
kurullani (adessive singular)
kurultani (ablative singular)
kurulleni (allative singular)
kurunani (essive singular)
kurukseni (singular translative)
kuruttani (abessive singular)
kurusi (nominative singular)
kurusi (accusative nominative singular)
kurusi (accusative genitive singular)
kurusi (genitive singular)
kuruasi (partitive singular)
kurussasi (inessive singular)
kurustasi (elative singular)
kuruusi (illative singular)
kurullasi (adessive singular)
kurultasi (ablative singular)
kurullesi (allative singular)
kurunasi (essive singular)
kuruksesi (singular translative)
kuruttasi (abessive singular)
kurumme (nominative singular)
kurumme (accusative nominative singular)
kurumme (accusative genitive singular)
kurumme (genitive singular)
kuruamme (partitive singular)
kurussamme (inessive singular)
kurustamme (elative singular)
kuruumme (illative singular)
kurullamme (adessive singular)
kurultamme (ablative singular)
kurullemme (allative singular)
kurunamme (essive singular)
kuruksemme (singular translative)
kuruttamme (abessive singular)
kurunne (nominative singular)
kurunne (accusative nominative singular)
kurunne (accusative genitive singular)
kurunne (genitive singular)
kuruanne (partitive singular)
kurussanne (inessive singular)
kurustanne (elative singular)
kuruunne (illative singular)
kurullanne (adessive singular)
kurultanne (ablative singular)
kurullenne (allative singular)
kurunanne (essive singular)
kuruksenne (singular translative)
kuruttanne (abessive singular)
kurunsa (nominative singular)
kurunsa (accusative nominative singular)
kurunsa (accusative genitive singular)
kurunsa (genitive singular)
kuruaan (partitive singular)
kuruansa (partitive singular)
kurussaan (inessive singular)
kurussansa (inessive singular)
kurustaan (elative singular)
kurustansa (elative singular)
kuruunsa (illative singular)
kurullaan (adessive singular)
kurullansa (adessive singular)
kurultaan (ablative singular)
kurultansa (ablative singular)
kurulleen (allative singular)
kurullensa (allative singular)
kurunaan (essive singular)
kurunansa (essive singular)
kurukseen (singular translative)
kuruksensa (singular translative)
kuruttaan (abessive singular)
kuruttansa (abessive singular)

From English kuru, from Fore kúru (“trembling, shivering; kuru”).


kuru

inflection of kurš:
genitive plural masculine/feminine


kuru

first-person singular present indicative of kurt


kuru

Kīhai te kuru, te niu me te panana i tipu ki Aotearoa nei – he tipu ēnei i mauria haere e ngā tīpuna Māori i ō rātou torotoronga i Te Moananui-a-Kiwa.
Breadfruit, coconut palms and bananas did not grow in New Zealand – these were plants Māori ancestors carried throughout the Pacific in their explorations.

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuluʀ. Cognates include Hawaiian ʻulu, Fijian kulu, Malay kulur.


kuru

to strike with a fist; to pound or thump

head

kuru (passive kurua or kurungia or kurutia)

kurua (passive)
kurungia (passive)
kurutia (passive)

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *kulu (“to strike”).


kuru

(pathology) kuru (central nervous system disease among the Fore people)

Borrowed from Fore kúru (literally “trembling, shivering”).


kuru

kuru (nominative singular)
kurut (nominative plural)
kurun (accusative singular)
kurut (accusative plural)
kurun (genitive singular)
kurudën (genitive plural)
kuruidën (genitive plural)
kuruda (partitive singular)
kuruida (partitive plural)
kurussa (inessive singular)
kuruhna (inessive singular)
kuruissa (inessive plural)
kuruihna (inessive plural)
kurusta (elative singular)
kuruista (elative plural)
kuruhën (illative singular)
kuruihën (illative plural)
kurulla (adessive singular)
kuruilla (adessive plural)
kurulta (ablative singular)
kuruilta (ablative plural)
kurulën (allative singular)
kurulëk (allative singular)
kuruilën (allative plural)
kuruilëk (allative plural)
kuruna (essive singular)
kuruina (essive plural)
kuruksi (singular translative)
kuruiksi (plural translative)
kurun (instructive singular)
kuruin (instructive plural)
kurunëk (comitative singular)
kuruinëk (comitative plural)
kurutta (abessive singular)
kuruitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: kuru

Finnish: kuru

Võro: kuru

→ Proto-Samic: *kurë (see there for further descendants)

→ Russian: курья (kurʹja)

From earlier *kuri + *-u, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *kure.


kuru

Old Japanese: 呉 (kuru)

Japanese: 呉れる, くれる (kureru)

desctree

Proto-Ryukyuan: *kure
Northern Ryukyuan:
Kikai: 呉りゆい (kuriyui)
Kunigami: 呉ーるん (kīrun)
Northern Amami Ōshima: 呉りぃるり (kurïruri)
Okinawan: 呉ゆん (kwiyun)
Okinoerabu: 呉りゆん (kuriyun)
Southern Amami Ōshima: 呉りぃゆむっ (kurïyum)
Tokunoshima: 呉ーりぃ (kwïïrï)
Yoron: 呉りゅん (kuryun)
Southern Ryukyuan:
Miyako: 呉ーㇲ゙ (fīz)
Yaeyama: 呉ーるん (hīrun)
Yonaguni: 呉ゆん (hiyun)


kuru

desc

Old Japanese: くるるに (kururu ni, “spinningly, turningly”), 狂ふ (kurupu, “go mad”), 苦し (kurusi, “painful, stressful, excruciating”)

Japanese: 狂う (kuruu), 苦しい (kurushii)

Japanese: くるくる (kurukuru, “spinningly”)

Old Japanese: 繰 (kuru, “to spin a thread”)

Japanese: 繰る (kuru)

desctree

Proto-Ryukyuan: *kuri (“to spin a thread”)
Northern Ryukyuan:
Kunigami: 繰ん (kun)
Northern Amami Ōshima: 繰るり (kururi)
Okinawan: 繰ゆん (kuyun)
Yoron: 繰ゆん (kuyun)
Southern Ryukyuan:
⇒ Miyako: 手繰ぃ (tavï) (< *taguri)
Yaeyama: 繰るん (kurun)

Proto-Ryukyuan: *kuru (“painful”)
Northern Ryukyuan:
Kikai: 苦さい (-gurusai) (only used as a suffix)
Kunigami: 苦ーしぇん (-gurūshen, -gurīshen) (only used as a suffix)
Northern Amami Ōshima: 苦しゃり (xurushari)
Okinawan: 苦さん (kurisan)
Okinoerabu: 苦しゃん (gurushan)
Southern Amami Ōshima: 苦しさむっ (gurushisam) (possibly a Japanese loanword)
Tokunoshima: 苦しゃい (xurushai), 苦い (goroi), 苦ーい (xwëëi)
Yoron: 苦しゃん (gusshan, gurushan)
Southern Ryukyuan:
Miyako: 苦 (guri)
Yaeyama: 苦しゃーん (kurishān)
Yonaguni: 苦さん (-'ngurisan) (only used as a suffix)

The core underlying meaning seems to be spin; turn around and around, as in Japanese adverb くるるに (kururu ni) and related vowel-shifted root *koro and derivations such as Japanese 転ぶ (korobu, “to tumble, to fall over”) and 転がる (korogaru, “to roll, to roll around”).
The derived sense of go mad (verb) and painful (adjective) arose from the way that someone suffering from convulsions would often turn around and around.


kuru

Northern Ryukyuan:

Kikai: 苦さい (-gurusai) (only used as a suffix)

Kunigami: 苦ーしぇん (-gurūshen, -gurīshen) (only used as a suffix)

Northern Amami Ōshima: 苦しゃり (xurushari)

Okinawan: 苦さん (kurisan)

Okinoerabu: 苦しゃん (gurushan)

desc

Southern Amami Ōshima: 苦しさむっ (gurushisam) (possibly a Japanese loanword)

Tokunoshima: 苦しゃい (xurushai), 苦い (goroi), 苦ーい (xwëëi)

Yoron: 苦しゃん (gusshan, gurushan)

Southern Ryukyuan:

Miyako: 苦 (guri)

Yaeyama: 苦しゃーん (kurishān)

Yonaguni: 苦さん (-'ngurisan) (only used as a suffix)

From Proto-Japonic *kuru (“painful, stressful, suffering”).


kuru

kuru (nominative singular)
kurukuna (nominative plural)
kuruta (accusative singular)
kurukunata (accusative plural)
kuruman (dative singular)
kurukunaman (dative plural)
kurup (genitive singular)
kurukunap (genitive plural)
kurupi (locative singular)
kurukunapi (locative plural)
kurukama (singular terminative)
kurukunakama (plural terminative)
kurumanta (ablative singular)
kurukunamanta (ablative plural)
kuruwan (instrumental singular)
kurukunawan (instrumental plural)
kuruntin (comitative singular)
kurukunantin (comitative plural)
kurunnaq (abessive singular)
kurukunannaq (abessive plural)
kuruhina (comparative singular)
kurukunahina (comparative plural)
kururayku (causative singular)
kurukunarayku (causative plural)
kurupaq (benefactive singular)
kurukunapaq (benefactive plural)
kurupura (associative singular)
kurukunapura (associative plural)
kurunka (distributive)
kurukunanka (distributive)
kurulla (exclusive singular)
kurukunalla (exclusive plural)
kuruy (nominative singular)
kuruykuna (nominative plural)
kuruyta (accusative singular)
kuruykunata (accusative plural)
kuruyman (dative singular)
kuruykunaman (dative plural)
kuruypa (genitive singular)
kuruykunap (genitive plural)
kuruypi (locative singular)
kuruykunapi (locative plural)
kuruykama (singular terminative)
kuruykunakama (plural terminative)
kuruymanta (ablative singular)
kuruykunamanta (ablative plural)
kuruywan (instrumental singular)
kuruykunawan (instrumental plural)
kuruynintin (comitative singular)
kuruykunantin (comitative plural)
kuruyninnaq (abessive singular)
kuruykunannaq (abessive plural)
kuruyhina (comparative singular)
kuruykunahina (comparative plural)
kuruyrayku (causative singular)
kuruykunarayku (causative plural)
kuruypaq (benefactive singular)
kuruykunapaq (benefactive plural)
kuruypura (associative singular)
kuruykunapura (associative plural)
kuruyninka (distributive)
kuruykunanka (distributive)
kuruylla (exclusive singular)
kuruykunalla (exclusive plural)
kuruyki (nominative singular)
kuruykikuna (nominative plural)
kuruykita (accusative singular)
kuruykikunata (accusative plural)
kuruykiman (dative singular)
kuruykikunaman (dative plural)
kuruykipa (genitive singular)
kuruykikunap (genitive plural)
kuruykipi (locative singular)
kuruykikunapi (locative plural)
kuruykikama (singular terminative)
kuruykikunakama (plural terminative)
kuruykimanta (ablative singular)
kuruykikunamanta (ablative plural)
kuruykiwan (instrumental singular)
kuruykikunawan (instrumental plural)
kuruykintin (comitative singular)
kuruykikunantin (comitative plural)
kuruykinnaq (abessive singular)
kuruykikunannaq (abessive plural)
kuruykihina (comparative singular)
kuruykikunahina (comparative plural)
kuruykirayku (causative singular)
kuruykikunarayku (causative plural)
kuruykipaq (benefactive singular)
kuruykikunapaq (benefactive plural)
kuruykipura (associative singular)
kuruykikunapura (associative plural)
kuruykinka (distributive)
kuruykikunanka (distributive)
kuruykilla (exclusive singular)
kuruykikunalla (exclusive plural)
kurun (nominative singular)
kurunkuna (nominative plural)
kurunta (accusative singular)
kurunkunata (accusative plural)
kurunman (dative singular)
kurunkunaman (dative plural)
kurunpa (genitive singular)
kurunkunap (genitive plural)
kurunpi (locative singular)
kurunkunapi (locative plural)
kurunkama (singular terminative)
kurunkunakama (plural terminative)
kurunmanta (ablative singular)
kurunkunamanta (ablative plural)
kurunwan (instrumental singular)
kurunkunawan (instrumental plural)
kurunintin (comitative singular)
kurunkunantin (comitative plural)
kurunninnaq (abessive singular)
kurunkunannaq (abessive plural)
kurunhina (comparative singular)
kurunkunahina (comparative plural)
kurunrayku (causative singular)
kurunkunarayku (causative plural)
kurunpaq (benefactive singular)
kurunkunapaq (benefactive plural)
kurunpura (associative singular)
kurunkunapura (associative plural)
kuruninka (distributive)
kurunkunanka (distributive)
kurunlla (exclusive singular)
kurunkunalla (exclusive plural)
kurunchik (nominative singular)
kurunchikkuna (nominative plural)
kurunchikta (accusative singular)
kurunchikkunata (accusative plural)
kurunchikman (dative singular)
kurunchikkunaman (dative plural)
kurunchikpa (genitive singular)
kurunchikkunap (genitive plural)
kurunchikpi (locative singular)
kurunchikkunapi (locative plural)
kurunchikkama (singular terminative)
kurunchikkunakama (plural terminative)
kurunchikmanta (ablative singular)
kurunchikkunamanta (ablative plural)
kurunchikwan (instrumental singular)
kurunchikkunawan (instrumental plural)
kurunchiknintin (comitative singular)
kurunchikkunantin (comitative plural)
kurunchikninnaq (abessive singular)
kurunchikkunannaq (abessive plural)
kurunchikhina (comparative singular)
kurunchikkunahina (comparative plural)
kurunchikrayku (causative singular)
kurunchikkunarayku (causative plural)
kurunchikpaq (benefactive singular)
kurunchikkunapaq (benefactive plural)
kurunchikpura (associative singular)
kurunchikkunapura (associative plural)
kurunchikninka (distributive)
kurunchikkunanka (distributive)
kurunchiklla (exclusive singular)
kurunchikkunalla (exclusive plural)
kuruyku (nominative singular)
kuruykukuna (nominative plural)
kuruykuta (accusative singular)
kuruykukunata (accusative plural)
kuruykuman (dative singular)
kuruykukunaman (dative plural)
kuruykupa (genitive singular)
kuruykukunap (genitive plural)
kuruykupi (locative singular)
kuruykukunapi (locative plural)
kuruykukama (singular terminative)
kuruykukunakama (plural terminative)
kuruykumanta (ablative singular)
kuruykukunamanta (ablative plural)
kuruykuwan (instrumental singular)
kuruykukunawan (instrumental plural)
kuruykuntin (comitative singular)
kuruykukunantin (comitative plural)
kuruykunnaq (abessive singular)
kuruykukunannaq (abessive plural)
kuruykuhina (comparative singular)
kuruykukunahina (comparative plural)
kuruykurayku (causative singular)
kuruykukunarayku (causative plural)
kuruykupaq (benefactive singular)
kuruykukunapaq (benefactive plural)
kuruykupura (associative singular)
kuruykukunapura (associative plural)
kuruykunka (distributive)
kuruykukunanka (distributive)
kuruykulla (exclusive singular)
kuruykukunalla (exclusive plural)
kuruykichik (nominative singular)
kuruykichikkuna (nominative plural)
kuruykichikta (accusative singular)
kuruykichikkunata (accusative plural)
kuruykichikman (dative singular)
kuruykichikkunaman (dative plural)
kuruykichikpa (genitive singular)
kuruykichikkunap (genitive plural)
kuruykichikpi (locative singular)
kuruykichikkunapi (locative plural)
kuruykichikkama (singular terminative)
kuruykichikkunakama (plural terminative)
kuruykichikmanta (ablative singular)
kuruykichikkunamanta (ablative plural)
kuruykichikwan (instrumental singular)
kuruykichikkunawan (instrumental plural)
kuruykichiknintin (comitative singular)
kuruykichikkunantin (comitative plural)
kuruykichikninnaq (abessive singular)
kuruykichikkunannaq (abessive plural)
kuruykichikhina (comparative singular)
kuruykichikkunahina (comparative plural)
kuruykichikrayku (causative singular)
kuruykichikkunarayku (causative plural)
kuruykichikpaq (benefactive singular)
kuruykichikkunapaq (benefactive plural)
kuruykichikpura (associative singular)
kuruykichikkunapura (associative plural)
kuruykichikninka (distributive)
kuruykichikkunanka (distributive)
kuruykichiklla (exclusive singular)
kuruykichikkunalla (exclusive plural)
kurunku (nominative singular)
kurunkukuna (nominative plural)
kurunkuta (accusative singular)
kurunkukunata (accusative plural)
kurunkuman (dative singular)
kurunkukunaman (dative plural)
kurunkupa (genitive singular)
kurunkukunap (genitive plural)
kurunkupi (locative singular)
kurunkukunapi (locative plural)
kurunkukama (singular terminative)
kurunkukunakama (plural terminative)
kurunkumanta (ablative singular)
kurunkukunamanta (ablative plural)
kurunkuwan (instrumental singular)
kurunkukunawan (instrumental plural)
kurunkuntin (comitative singular)
kurunkukunantin (comitative plural)
kurunkunnaq (abessive singular)
kurunkukunannaq (abessive plural)
kurunkuhina (comparative singular)
kurunkukunahina (comparative plural)
kurunkurayku (causative singular)
kurunkukunarayku (causative plural)
kurunkupaq (benefactive singular)
kurunkukunapaq (benefactive plural)
kurunkupura (associative singular)
kurunkukunapura (associative plural)
kurunkunka (distributive)
kurunkukunanka (distributive)
kurunkulla (exclusive singular)
kurunkukunalla (exclusive plural)


kuru

-kúrú (canonical)
mukúrú (class-1 singular)
vakúrú (class-2 plural)
mukúrú (class-3 singular)
mikúrú (class-4 plural)
gúrú (class-5 singular)
makúrú (class-6 plural)
chikúrú (class-7 singular)
zvikúrú (class-8 plural)
húrú (class-9 singular)
húrú (class-10 plural)
rukúrú (class-11 singular)
kakúrú (class-12 singular)
tukúrú (class-13 plural)
ukúrú (class-14 singular)
kukúrú (class-15 singular)
pakúrú (class-15 class-16 singular)
kukúrú (class-13 class-17 plural)
mukúrú (class-18 plural)


kuru

-kuru (canonical)
mukuru (indefinite singular)
bakuru (indefinite plural)
omukuru (definite singular)
abakuru (definite plural)
mikuru (indefinite plural)
emikuru (definite plural)
likuru (indefinite singular)
makuru (indefinite plural)
erikuru (definite singular)
amakuru (definite plural)
kikuru (indefinite singular)
bikuru (indefinite plural)
ekikuru (definite singular)
ebikuru (definite plural)
nkuru (indefinite singular)
nkuru (indefinite plural)
enkuru (definite singular)
enkuru (definite plural)
rukuru (indefinite singular)
orukuru (definite singular)
kakuru (indefinite singular)
bukuru (indefinite plural)
akakuru (definite singular)
obukuru (definite plural)
tukuru (indefinite plural)
otukuru (definite plural)
bukuru (indefinite singular)
obukuru (definite singular)
kukuru (indefinite singular)
okukuru (definite singular)
hakuru (class-16 indefinite singular)
ahakuru (class-16 definite singular)


kuru

kuruyum (first-person predicative present singular)
kuru muyum? (first-person interrogative predicative present singular)
kuru değilim (first-person interrogative negative predicative present singular)
kuru değil miyim? (first-person interrogative negative predicative present singular)
kurusun (predicative present second-person singular)
kuru musun? (interrogative predicative present second-person singular)
kuru değilsin (interrogative negative predicative present second-person singular)
kuru değil misin? (interrogative negative predicative present second-person singular)
kuru (predicative present singular third-person)
kurudur (predicative present singular third-person)
kuru mu? (interrogative predicative present singular third-person)
kuru değil (interrogative negative predicative present singular third-person)
kuru değil mi? (interrogative negative predicative present singular third-person)
kuruyuz (first-person plural predicative present)
kuru muyuz? (first-person interrogative plural predicative present)
kuru değiliz (first-person interrogative negative plural predicative present)
kuru değil miyiz? (first-person interrogative negative plural predicative present)
kurusunuz (plural predicative present second-person)
kuru musunuz? (interrogative plural predicative present second-person)
kuru değilsiniz (interrogative negative plural predicative present second-person)
kuru değil misiniz? (interrogative negative plural predicative present second-person)
kuru (plural predicative present third-person)
kurular (plural predicative present third-person)
kuru mı? (interrogative plural predicative present third-person)
kurular mı? (interrogative plural predicative present third-person)
kuru değil (interrogative negative plural predicative present third-person)
kuru değiller (interrogative negative plural predicative present third-person)
kuru değiller mi? (interrogative negative plural predicative present third-person)
kuruydum (first-person past predicative singular)
kuru muydum? (first-person interrogative past predicative singular)
kuru değildim (first-person interrogative negative past predicative singular)
kuru değil miydim? (first-person interrogative negative past predicative singular)
kuruydun (past predicative second-person singular)
kuru muydun? (interrogative past predicative second-person singular)
kuru değildin (interrogative negative past predicative second-person singular)
kuru değil miydin? (interrogative negative past predicative second-person singular)
kuruydu (past predicative singular third-person)
kuru muydu? (interrogative past predicative singular third-person)
kuru değildi (interrogative negative past predicative singular third-person)
kuru değil miydi? (interrogative negative past predicative singular third-person)
kuruyduk (first-person past plural predicative)
kuru muyduk? (first-person interrogative past plural predicative)
kuru değildik (first-person interrogative negative past plural predicative)
kuru değil miydik? (first-person interrogative negative past plural predicative)
kuruydunuz (past plural predicative second-person)
kuru muydunuz? (interrogative past plural predicative second-person)
kuru değildiniz (interrogative negative past plural predicative second-person)
kuru değil miydiniz? (interrogative negative past plural predicative second-person)
kuruydular (past plural predicative third-person)
kuru muydular? (interrogative past plural predicative third-person)
kuru değildi (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
kuru değildiler (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
değillerdi (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
kuru değil miydiler? (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
kuruymuşum (first-person past predicative singular)
kuru muymuşum? (first-person interrogative past predicative singular)
kuru değilmişim (first-person interrogative negative past predicative singular)
kuru değil miymişim? (first-person interrogative negative past predicative singular)
kuruymuşsun (past predicative second-person singular)
kuru muymuşsun? (interrogative past predicative second-person singular)
kuru değilmişsin (interrogative negative past predicative second-person singular)
kuru değil miymişsin? (interrogative negative past predicative second-person singular)
kuruymuş (past predicative singular third-person)
kuru muymuş? (interrogative past predicative singular third-person)
kuru değilmiş (interrogative negative past predicative singular third-person)
kuru değil miymiş? (interrogative negative past predicative singular third-person)
kuruymuşuz (first-person past plural predicative)
kuru muymuşuz? (first-person interrogative past plural predicative)
kuru değilmişiz (first-person interrogative negative past plural predicative)
kuru değil miymişiz? (first-person interrogative negative past plural predicative)
kuruymuşsunuz (past plural predicative second-person)
kuru muymuşsunuz? (interrogative past plural predicative second-person)
kuru değilmişsiniz (interrogative negative past plural predicative second-person)
kuru değil miymişsiniz? (interrogative negative past plural predicative second-person)
kuruymuşlar (past plural predicative third-person)
kuru muymuşlar? (interrogative past plural predicative third-person)
kuru değilmiş (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
kuru değilmişler (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
değillermiş (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
kuru değil miymişler? (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
kuruysam (conditional first-person predicative singular)
kuru muysam? (conditional first-person interrogative predicative singular)
kuru değilsem (conditional first-person interrogative negative predicative singular)
kuru değil miysem? (conditional first-person interrogative negative predicative singular)
kuruysan (conditional predicative second-person singular)
kuru muysan? (conditional interrogative predicative second-person singular)
kuru değilsen (conditional interrogative negative predicative second-person singular)
kuru değil miysen? (conditional interrogative negative predicative second-person singular)
kuruysa (conditional predicative singular third-person)
kuru muysa? (conditional interrogative predicative singular third-person)
kuru değilse (conditional interrogative negative predicative singular third-person)
kuru değil miyse? (conditional interrogative negative predicative singular third-person)
kuruysak (conditional first-person plural predicative)
kuru muysak? (conditional first-person interrogative plural predicative)
kuru değilsek (conditional first-person interrogative negative plural predicative)
kuru değil miysek? (conditional first-person interrogative negative plural predicative)
kuruysanız (conditional plural predicative second-person)
kuru muysanız? (conditional interrogative plural predicative second-person)
kuru değilseniz (conditional interrogative negative plural predicative second-person)
kuru değil miyseniz? (conditional interrogative negative plural predicative second-person)
kuruysalar (conditional plural predicative third-person)
kuru muysalar? (conditional interrogative plural predicative third-person)
kuru değilseler (conditional interrogative negative plural predicative third-person)
değillerse (conditional interrogative negative plural predicative third-person)
kuru değil miyseler? (conditional interrogative negative plural predicative third-person)

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish قورو, from Proto-Turkic *kūr. Cognate with Azerbaijani quru, Tatar коры (qorı), Karachay-Balkar къуру (quru), Uzbek quruq, Uyghur قۇرۇق (quruq), Khakas хуруғ (xuruğ), Chuvash хӑрӑк (hărăk, “dry (of wood)”).