See ksnew- on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksnow-éye-ti (*éye-causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšnawáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnawáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnawáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*xšnawáyatī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *xšnawáyatī",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *xšnawáyatī"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬑𐬱𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌",
"t": "to satisfy"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (xšāuuaiieⁱti, “to satisfy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (xšāuuaiieⁱti, “to satisfy”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksnḗw-s-t ~ *ksnéw-s-n̥t (*s-aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšnā́wšt"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnā́wšt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnā́wšt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*xšnā́wšt"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *xšnā́wšt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *xšnā́wšt"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬑𐬱𐬁𐬏𐬱",
"t": "to listen"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬁𐬏𐬱 (xšāūš, “to listen”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬁𐬏𐬱 (xšāūš, “to listen”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksnew-éh₂-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksnew-éh₂-tleh₂"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*(ks)nowātlā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *(ks)nowātlā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *(ks)nowātlā"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "novācula",
"t": "razor"
},
"expansion": "Latin: novācula (“razor”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: novācula (“razor”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksnéw-tro-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšnáwtram"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnáwtram",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnáwtram"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*kṣṇáwtram"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣṇáwtram",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣṇáwtram"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्ष्णोत्र",
"t": "whetstone",
"tr": "kṣṇótra"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्ष्णोत्र (kṣṇótra, “whetstone”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्ष्णोत्र (kṣṇótra, “whetstone”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksnow-ó-s (“scraping”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*snawwaz",
"alt": "*snaw-waz",
"t": "bald"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *snaw-waz (“bald”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *snaw-waz (“bald”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "snǫggr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: snǫggr",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *snawwiz"
},
"expansion": "(< *snawwiz)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: snǫggr, snøggr (< *snawwiz)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "snöggur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: snöggur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: snöggur"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "snygg"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: snygg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: snygg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksnéw-tu-s ~ *ksnu-téw-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*snauþuz",
"t": "naked, poor"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *snauþuz (“naked, poor”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *snauþuz (“naked, poor”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksnu-tó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšnutás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnutás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnutás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*kṣṇutás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣṇutás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣṇutás"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्ष्णुत",
"t": "sharpened",
"tr": "kṣṇutá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्ष्णुत (kṣṇutá, “sharpened”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्ष्णुत (kṣṇutá, “sharpened”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*xšnutáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *xšnutáh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *xšnutáh"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬑𐬱𐬥𐬎𐬙𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬥𐬎𐬙𐬀 (xšnuta)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬥𐬎𐬙𐬀 (xšnuta)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎧𐏁𐎵𐎢𐎫",
"ts": "xšnuta"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐎵𐎢𐎫 (x-š-nu-u-t /xšnuta/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐎵𐎢𐎫 (x-š-nu-u-t /xšnuta/)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kes-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kes-",
"3": "*-néwti",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "*néw-present suffix",
"t1": "to scrape, comb"
},
"expansion": "*kes- (“to scrape, comb”) + *-néwti (*néw-present suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reanalysed root of *ksnéwti, from *kes- (“to scrape, comb”) + *-néwti (*néw-present suffix).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ksnew-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European imperfective roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European irregular-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *kes-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to scrape, sharpen"
],
"id": "en-ksnew--ine-pro-root-LrSVEkpp",
"links": [
[
"scrape",
"scrape"
],
[
"sharpen",
"sharpen"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "ksnew-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksnow-éye-ti (*éye-causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšnawáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnawáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnawáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*xšnawáyatī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *xšnawáyatī",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *xšnawáyatī"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬑𐬱𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌",
"t": "to satisfy"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (xšāuuaiieⁱti, “to satisfy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (xšāuuaiieⁱti, “to satisfy”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksnḗw-s-t ~ *ksnéw-s-n̥t (*s-aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšnā́wšt"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnā́wšt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnā́wšt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*xšnā́wšt"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *xšnā́wšt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *xšnā́wšt"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬑𐬱𐬁𐬏𐬱",
"t": "to listen"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬁𐬏𐬱 (xšāūš, “to listen”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬁𐬏𐬱 (xšāūš, “to listen”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksnew-éh₂-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksnew-éh₂-tleh₂"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*(ks)nowātlā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *(ks)nowātlā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *(ks)nowātlā"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "novācula",
"t": "razor"
},
"expansion": "Latin: novācula (“razor”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: novācula (“razor”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksnéw-tro-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšnáwtram"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnáwtram",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnáwtram"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*kṣṇáwtram"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣṇáwtram",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣṇáwtram"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्ष्णोत्र",
"t": "whetstone",
"tr": "kṣṇótra"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्ष्णोत्र (kṣṇótra, “whetstone”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्ष्णोत्र (kṣṇótra, “whetstone”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksnow-ó-s (“scraping”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*snawwaz",
"alt": "*snaw-waz",
"t": "bald"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *snaw-waz (“bald”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *snaw-waz (“bald”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "snǫggr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: snǫggr",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *snawwiz"
},
"expansion": "(< *snawwiz)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: snǫggr, snøggr (< *snawwiz)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "snöggur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: snöggur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: snöggur"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "snygg"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: snygg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: snygg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksnéw-tu-s ~ *ksnu-téw-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*snauþuz",
"t": "naked, poor"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *snauþuz (“naked, poor”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *snauþuz (“naked, poor”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ksnu-tó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*kšnutás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnutás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšnutás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*kṣṇutás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣṇutás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kṣṇutás"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्ष्णुत",
"t": "sharpened",
"tr": "kṣṇutá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्ष्णुत (kṣṇutá, “sharpened”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्ष्णुत (kṣṇutá, “sharpened”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*xšnutáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *xšnutáh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *xšnutáh"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬑𐬱𐬥𐬎𐬙𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬥𐬎𐬙𐬀 (xšnuta)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬑𐬱𐬥𐬎𐬙𐬀 (xšnuta)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎧𐏁𐎵𐎢𐎫",
"ts": "xšnuta"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐎵𐎢𐎫 (x-š-nu-u-t /xšnuta/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐎵𐎢𐎫 (x-š-nu-u-t /xšnuta/)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kes-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kes-",
"3": "*-néwti",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "*néw-present suffix",
"t1": "to scrape, comb"
},
"expansion": "*kes- (“to scrape, comb”) + *-néwti (*néw-present suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reanalysed root of *ksnéwti, from *kes- (“to scrape, comb”) + *-néwti (*néw-present suffix).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ksnew-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European imperfective roots",
"Proto-Indo-European irregular-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *kes-"
],
"glosses": [
"to scrape, sharpen"
],
"links": [
[
"scrape",
"scrape"
],
[
"sharpen",
"sharpen"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "ksnew-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ksnew- meaning in All languages combined (6.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.