"kremlin" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Kremelin"
      },
      "expansion": "German Kremelin",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "Cremlin"
      },
      "expansion": "French Cremlin",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "кремльнъ",
        "gloss": "having a kremlin"
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic кремльнъ (kremlĭnŭ, “having a kremlin”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "кремль"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian кремль (kremlʹ)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Similar forms are attested, per Vasmer's Etymological Dictionary, in earlier German Kremelin and French Cremlin, which are theorized to come from Old East Slavic кремльнъ (kremlĭnŭ, “having a kremlin”), from кремль (kremlĭ), whence Russian кремль (kremlʹ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kremlins",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "kremlin (plural kremlins)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w"
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          "source": "w"
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          "source": "w"
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        {
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        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Architecture",
          "orig": "en:Architecture",
          "parents": [
            "Applied sciences",
            "Art",
            "Sciences",
            "Culture",
            "All topics",
            "Society",
            "Fundamental"
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          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Russia",
          "orig": "en:Russia",
          "parents": [
            "Asia",
            "Europe",
            "Earth",
            "Eurasia",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
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          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1997, Council of Europe, Cultural Policy in the Russian Federation, page 107:",
          "text": "9% of historical parks are the gardens of monasteries and kremlins (fortified centres in the towns), 8% are urban (\"public\") gardens and only 2% are parks on urban estates.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2012, Britannica Student Encyclopedia, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc, page 87:",
          "text": "Several cities in Russia were built around fortresses called kremlins. Russians built kremlins for defense during the Middle Ages. A kremlin was often located along a river.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2012, Konstantin Nossov, Russian Fortresses 1480-1682, page 45:",
          "text": "The centre of the kremlin usually held the prince's or voivode’s court, the cathedral, and the bishop's court. This arrangement can be seen in quite a number of 16th-century kremlins. The main street of the kremlin connected this complex with the gate leading to the marketplace.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A fortified, central complex found in various Russian cities."
      ],
      "id": "en-kremlin-en-noun-19Pp~LZK",
      "links": [
        [
          "architecture",
          "architecture"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Slavic architecture",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(architecture, Slavic architecture) A fortified, central complex found in various Russian cities."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "architecture"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "type of fortification",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "kremlin"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "type of fortification",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "kreml"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "type of fortification",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "kremlin"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "kremlʹ",
          "sense": "type of fortification",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "кремль"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kremlin"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Kremelin"
      },
      "expansion": "German Kremelin",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "Cremlin"
      },
      "expansion": "French Cremlin",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "кремльнъ",
        "gloss": "having a kremlin"
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic кремльнъ (kremlĭnŭ, “having a kremlin”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "кремль"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian кремль (kremlʹ)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Similar forms are attested, per Vasmer's Etymological Dictionary, in earlier German Kremelin and French Cremlin, which are theorized to come from Old East Slavic кремльнъ (kremlĭnŭ, “having a kremlin”), from кремль (kremlĭ), whence Russian кремль (kremlʹ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kremlins",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "kremlin (plural kremlins)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
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        "English 2-syllable words",
        "English countable nouns",
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        "English nouns",
        "English terms derived from Old East Slavic",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English undefined derivations",
        "Entries with translation boxes",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned",
        "Terms with Dutch translations",
        "Terms with Polish translations",
        "Terms with Portuguese translations",
        "Terms with Russian translations",
        "en:Architecture",
        "en:Russia"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1997, Council of Europe, Cultural Policy in the Russian Federation, page 107:",
          "text": "9% of historical parks are the gardens of monasteries and kremlins (fortified centres in the towns), 8% are urban (\"public\") gardens and only 2% are parks on urban estates.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2012, Britannica Student Encyclopedia, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc, page 87:",
          "text": "Several cities in Russia were built around fortresses called kremlins. Russians built kremlins for defense during the Middle Ages. A kremlin was often located along a river.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2012, Konstantin Nossov, Russian Fortresses 1480-1682, page 45:",
          "text": "The centre of the kremlin usually held the prince's or voivode’s court, the cathedral, and the bishop's court. This arrangement can be seen in quite a number of 16th-century kremlins. The main street of the kremlin connected this complex with the gate leading to the marketplace.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A fortified, central complex found in various Russian cities."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "architecture",
          "architecture"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Slavic architecture",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(architecture, Slavic architecture) A fortified, central complex found in various Russian cities."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "architecture"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "type of fortification",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "kremlin"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "type of fortification",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "kreml"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "type of fortification",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "kremlin"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "kremlʹ",
      "sense": "type of fortification",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "кремль"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kremlin"
}