"kawalan" meaning in All languages combined

See kawalan on Wiktionary

Noun [Indonesian]

IPA: /kaˈwalan/ Forms: kawalan-kawalan [plural], kawalanku [first-person, possessive], kawalanmu [possessive, second-person], kawalannya [possessive, third-person]
Rhymes: -an, -n Etymology: Affixed kawal + -an, from Malay kawalan. Etymology templates: {{af|id|kawal|-an}} kawal + -an, {{inh|id|ms|kawalan}} Malay kawalan Head templates: {{id-noun|head=|pl=duplication}} kawalan (plural kawalan-kawalan, first-person possessive kawalanku, second-person possessive kawalanmu, third-person possessive kawalannya)
  1. protected objects
    Sense id: en-kawalan-id-noun-z4y8ZSFO Categories (other): Indonesian entries with incorrect language header, Indonesian terms suffixed with -an, Indonesian terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Indonesian entries with incorrect language header: 92 8 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms suffixed with -an: 86 14 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms with redundant script codes: 96 4
  2. guard, protection
    Sense id: en-kawalan-id-noun-3AIkP9Ym

Noun [Tagalog]

IPA: /kawaˈlan/, [kɐ.wɐˈlan] Forms: kawalán [canonical], ᜃᜏᜎᜈ᜔ [Baybayin]
Etymology: Syncopic form of kawalaan, from wala + ka- -an. Etymology templates: {{sync|tl|kawalaan}} Syncopic form of kawalaan, {{af|tl|wala|ka- -an}} wala + ka- -an Head templates: {{tl-noun|kawalán|b=+}} kawalán (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜏᜎᜈ᜔)
  1. loss; deprivation; depletion Synonyms: kasalatan, kakapusan, kakulangan
    Sense id: en-kawalan-tl-noun-0uurm~Ve Categories (other): Tagalog entries with incorrect language header, Tagalog terms circumfixed with ka- -an, Tagalog terms with Baybayin script Disambiguation of Tagalog entries with incorrect language header: 11 33 18 39 Disambiguation of Tagalog terms circumfixed with ka- -an: 18 32 20 29 Disambiguation of Tagalog terms with Baybayin script: 15 31 17 36
  2. lack; deficiency; insufficiency Synonyms: kasalatan, kakapusan, kakulangan
    Sense id: en-kawalan-tl-noun-L8trLw7t Categories (other): Tagalog entries with incorrect language header, Tagalog terms circumfixed with ka- -an, Tagalog terms with Baybayin script Disambiguation of Tagalog entries with incorrect language header: 11 33 18 39 Disambiguation of Tagalog terms circumfixed with ka- -an: 18 32 20 29 Disambiguation of Tagalog terms with Baybayin script: 15 31 17 36
  3. void; emptiness; nothingness Synonyms: kasalatan, kakapusan, kakulangan
    Sense id: en-kawalan-tl-noun-vWsgIcCy Categories (other): Tagalog entries with incorrect language header, Tagalog terms circumfixed with ka- -an, Tagalog terms with Baybayin script Disambiguation of Tagalog entries with incorrect language header: 11 33 18 39 Disambiguation of Tagalog terms circumfixed with ka- -an: 18 32 20 29 Disambiguation of Tagalog terms with Baybayin script: 15 31 17 36
  4. poverty; indigence Synonyms: karalitaan, pagdaralita, karukhaan, kahirapan, paghihirap
    Sense id: en-kawalan-tl-noun-M6VByfpJ Categories (other): Tagalog entries with incorrect language header, Tagalog terms circumfixed with ka- -an, Tagalog terms with Baybayin script Disambiguation of Tagalog entries with incorrect language header: 11 33 18 39 Disambiguation of Tagalog terms circumfixed with ka- -an: 18 32 20 29 Disambiguation of Tagalog terms with Baybayin script: 15 31 17 36
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: caual-an [obsolete], Spanish-based orthography, kawal-an [dialectal], Marinduque, Quezon, kawalaan [obsolete] Derived forms: kawalang- Related terms: iwala, mawala, mawalan, walain, kailangan

Noun [Yami]

Etymology: From Proto-Austronesian *kawayan. Compare Bikol Central kawayan, Cebuano kawayan, Tausug kayawan and Tagalog kawayan. Etymology templates: {{inh|tao|map-pro|*kawayan}} Proto-Austronesian *kawayan, {{cog|bcl|kawayan}} Bikol Central kawayan, {{cog|ceb|kawayan}} Cebuano kawayan, {{cog|tsg|kayawan}} Tausug kayawan, {{cog|tl|kawayan}} Tagalog kawayan Head templates: {{head|tao|noun}} kawalan
  1. bamboo
    Sense id: en-kawalan-tao-noun-rdF0Pq5b Categories (other): Yami entries with incorrect language header

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for kawalan meaning in All languages combined (6.9kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "kawal",
        "3": "-an"
      },
      "expansion": "kawal + -an",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms",
        "3": "kawalan"
      },
      "expansion": "Malay kawalan",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Affixed kawal + -an, from Malay kawalan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kawalan-kawalan",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kawalanku",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kawalanmu",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kawalannya",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "",
        "pl": "duplication"
      },
      "expansion": "kawalan (plural kawalan-kawalan, first-person possessive kawalanku, second-person possessive kawalanmu, third-person possessive kawalannya)",
      "name": "id-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ka‧wal‧an"
  ],
  "lang": "Indonesian",
  "lang_code": "id",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "92 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "86 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian terms suffixed with -an",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "96 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "protected objects"
      ],
      "id": "en-kawalan-id-noun-z4y8ZSFO",
      "links": [
        [
          "protected",
          "protected"
        ],
        [
          "object",
          "object"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "guard, protection"
      ],
      "id": "en-kawalan-id-noun-3AIkP9Ym",
      "links": [
        [
          "guard",
          "guard"
        ],
        [
          "protection",
          "protection"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kaˈwalan/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-an"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-n"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kawalan"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kawalang-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tl",
        "2": "kawalaan"
      },
      "expansion": "Syncopic form of kawalaan",
      "name": "sync"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tl",
        "2": "wala",
        "3": "ka- -an"
      },
      "expansion": "wala + ka- -an",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Syncopic form of kawalaan, from wala + ka- -an.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kawalán",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᜃᜏᜎᜈ᜔",
      "tags": [
        "Baybayin"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kawalán",
        "b": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "kawalán (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜏᜎᜈ᜔)",
      "name": "tl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ka‧wa‧lan"
  ],
  "lang": "Tagalog",
  "lang_code": "tl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "iwala"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "mawala"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "mawalan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "walain"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kailangan"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 33 18 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 32 20 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tagalog terms circumfixed with ka- -an",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 31 17 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "loss; deprivation; depletion"
      ],
      "id": "en-kawalan-tl-noun-0uurm~Ve",
      "links": [
        [
          "loss",
          "loss"
        ],
        [
          "deprivation",
          "deprivation"
        ],
        [
          "depletion",
          "depletion"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kasalatan"
        },
        {
          "word": "kakapusan"
        },
        {
          "word": "kakulangan"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 33 18 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 32 20 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tagalog terms circumfixed with ka- -an",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 31 17 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lack; deficiency; insufficiency"
      ],
      "id": "en-kawalan-tl-noun-L8trLw7t",
      "links": [
        [
          "lack",
          "lack"
        ],
        [
          "deficiency",
          "deficiency"
        ],
        [
          "insufficiency",
          "insufficiency"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kasalatan"
        },
        {
          "word": "kakapusan"
        },
        {
          "word": "kakulangan"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 33 18 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 32 20 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tagalog terms circumfixed with ka- -an",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 31 17 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "void; emptiness; nothingness"
      ],
      "id": "en-kawalan-tl-noun-vWsgIcCy",
      "links": [
        [
          "void",
          "void"
        ],
        [
          "emptiness",
          "emptiness"
        ],
        [
          "nothingness",
          "nothingness"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kasalatan"
        },
        {
          "word": "kakapusan"
        },
        {
          "word": "kakulangan"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 33 18 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 32 20 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tagalog terms circumfixed with ka- -an",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 31 17 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "poverty; indigence"
      ],
      "id": "en-kawalan-tl-noun-M6VByfpJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "poverty",
          "poverty"
        ],
        [
          "indigence",
          "indigence"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "karalitaan"
        },
        {
          "word": "pagdaralita"
        },
        {
          "word": "karukhaan"
        },
        {
          "word": "kahirapan"
        },
        {
          "word": "paghihirap"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kawaˈlan/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɐ.wɐˈlan]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "caual-an"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Spanish-based orthography"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "dialectal"
      ],
      "word": "kawal-an"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Marinduque"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Quezon"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "kawalaan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kawalan"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tao",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*kawayan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *kawayan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bcl",
        "2": "kawayan"
      },
      "expansion": "Bikol Central kawayan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ceb",
        "2": "kawayan"
      },
      "expansion": "Cebuano kawayan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tsg",
        "2": "kayawan"
      },
      "expansion": "Tausug kayawan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tl",
        "2": "kawayan"
      },
      "expansion": "Tagalog kawayan",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Austronesian *kawayan. Compare Bikol Central kawayan, Cebuano kawayan, Tausug kayawan and Tagalog kawayan.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tao",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "kawalan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Yami",
  "lang_code": "tao",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Yami entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bamboo"
      ],
      "id": "en-kawalan-tao-noun-rdF0Pq5b",
      "links": [
        [
          "bamboo",
          "bamboo"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kawalan"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Indonesian 3-syllable words",
    "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Indonesian lemmas",
    "Indonesian nouns",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
    "Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
    "Indonesian terms suffixed with -an",
    "Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
    "Rhymes:Indonesian/an",
    "Rhymes:Indonesian/an/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:Indonesian/n",
    "Rhymes:Indonesian/n/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "kawal",
        "3": "-an"
      },
      "expansion": "kawal + -an",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms",
        "3": "kawalan"
      },
      "expansion": "Malay kawalan",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Affixed kawal + -an, from Malay kawalan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kawalan-kawalan",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kawalanku",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kawalanmu",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kawalannya",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "",
        "pl": "duplication"
      },
      "expansion": "kawalan (plural kawalan-kawalan, first-person possessive kawalanku, second-person possessive kawalanmu, third-person possessive kawalannya)",
      "name": "id-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ka‧wal‧an"
  ],
  "lang": "Indonesian",
  "lang_code": "id",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "protected objects"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "protected",
          "protected"
        ],
        [
          "object",
          "object"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "guard, protection"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "guard",
          "guard"
        ],
        [
          "protection",
          "protection"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kaˈwalan/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-an"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-n"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kawalan"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Tagalog 3-syllable words",
    "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
    "Tagalog lemmas",
    "Tagalog nouns",
    "Tagalog syncopic forms",
    "Tagalog terms circumfixed with ka- -an",
    "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
    "Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "kawalang-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tl",
        "2": "kawalaan"
      },
      "expansion": "Syncopic form of kawalaan",
      "name": "sync"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tl",
        "2": "wala",
        "3": "ka- -an"
      },
      "expansion": "wala + ka- -an",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Syncopic form of kawalaan, from wala + ka- -an.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kawalán",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᜃᜏᜎᜈ᜔",
      "tags": [
        "Baybayin"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kawalán",
        "b": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "kawalán (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜏᜎᜈ᜔)",
      "name": "tl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ka‧wa‧lan"
  ],
  "lang": "Tagalog",
  "lang_code": "tl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "iwala"
    },
    {
      "word": "mawala"
    },
    {
      "word": "mawalan"
    },
    {
      "word": "walain"
    },
    {
      "word": "kailangan"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "loss; deprivation; depletion"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "loss",
          "loss"
        ],
        [
          "deprivation",
          "deprivation"
        ],
        [
          "depletion",
          "depletion"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kasalatan"
        },
        {
          "word": "kakapusan"
        },
        {
          "word": "kakulangan"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "lack; deficiency; insufficiency"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lack",
          "lack"
        ],
        [
          "deficiency",
          "deficiency"
        ],
        [
          "insufficiency",
          "insufficiency"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kasalatan"
        },
        {
          "word": "kakapusan"
        },
        {
          "word": "kakulangan"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "void; emptiness; nothingness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "void",
          "void"
        ],
        [
          "emptiness",
          "emptiness"
        ],
        [
          "nothingness",
          "nothingness"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "kasalatan"
        },
        {
          "word": "kakapusan"
        },
        {
          "word": "kakulangan"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "poverty; indigence"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "poverty",
          "poverty"
        ],
        [
          "indigence",
          "indigence"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "karalitaan"
        },
        {
          "word": "pagdaralita"
        },
        {
          "word": "karukhaan"
        },
        {
          "word": "kahirapan"
        },
        {
          "word": "paghihirap"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kawaˈlan/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɐ.wɐˈlan]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "caual-an"
    },
    {
      "word": "Spanish-based orthography"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "dialectal"
      ],
      "word": "kawal-an"
    },
    {
      "word": "Marinduque"
    },
    {
      "word": "Quezon"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "kawalaan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kawalan"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tao",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*kawayan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *kawayan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bcl",
        "2": "kawayan"
      },
      "expansion": "Bikol Central kawayan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ceb",
        "2": "kawayan"
      },
      "expansion": "Cebuano kawayan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tsg",
        "2": "kayawan"
      },
      "expansion": "Tausug kayawan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tl",
        "2": "kawayan"
      },
      "expansion": "Tagalog kawayan",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Austronesian *kawayan. Compare Bikol Central kawayan, Cebuano kawayan, Tausug kayawan and Tagalog kawayan.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tao",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "kawalan",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Yami",
  "lang_code": "tao",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Yami entries with incorrect language header",
        "Yami lemmas",
        "Yami nouns",
        "Yami terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
        "Yami terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bamboo"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bamboo",
          "bamboo"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kawalan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.