"kʷel-" meaning in All languages combined

See kʷel- on Wiktionary

Root [Proto-Indo-European]

  1. to turn (end-over-end) Tags: morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-kʷel--ine-pro-root-rCQjd3IG
  2. to revolve around, and therefore to sojourn, to dwell Tags: morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-kʷel--ine-pro-root-sH2ZpO2j Categories (other): Proto-Indo-European CeR-shape roots, Proto-Indo-European roots Disambiguation of Proto-Indo-European CeR-shape roots: 0 100 Disambiguation of Proto-Indo-European roots: 0 100

Download JSON data for kʷel- meaning in All languages combined (13.9kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷél-e-ti",
            "pos": "thematic root present"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷél-e-ti (thematic root present)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷél-e-ti (thematic root present)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sqj-pro",
            "2": "*tšela"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *tšela\nAlbanian: sjell",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Albanian: *tšela\nAlbanian: sjell"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*kʷélō"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷélō",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷélō"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "πέλω"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: πέλω (pélō)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: πέλω (pélō)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*čálHati"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čálHati",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čálHati (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*kʷelō"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kʷelō",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *kʷelō"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "colō"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: colō",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: colō (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷél-ye-ti"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷél-ye-ti",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷél-ye-ti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*kʷéľľō"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷéľľō",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷéľľō"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "τέλλω"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: τέλλω (téllō)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: τέλλω (téllō)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷl-ét ~ *kʷl-ónt",
            "pos": "thematic root aorist"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷl-ét ~ *kʷl-ónt (thematic root aorist)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷl-ét ~ *kʷl-ónt (thematic root aorist)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sqj-pro",
            "2": "*kla"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *kla",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sqj-pro",
            "2": "*klend"
          },
          "expansion": "*klend",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Albanian: *kla ~ *klend"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "qe"
          },
          "expansion": "Albanian: qe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Albanian: qe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷél-u-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷél-u-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷél-u-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*kʷélus"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kʷélus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *kʷélus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "colus"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: colus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: colus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷel-u-"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷel-u-",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷel-u-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cel-pro",
            "2": "",
            "alt": "*kʷolu-",
            "t": "wheel"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kʷolu- (“wheel”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Celtic: *kʷolu- (“wheel”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mga",
            "2": "cul"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Irish: cul",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Irish: cul"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷel-o-m"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷel-o-m",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷel-o-m"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "prg",
            "2": "kelan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Prussian: kelan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Prussian: kelan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷól-o-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷól-o-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷól-o-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*kʷólos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷólos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷólos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "πόλος"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: πόλος (pólos)\nGreek: πόλος (pólos)\n→ Latin: polus (see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: πόλος (pólos)\nGreek: πόλος (pólos)\n→ Latin: polus (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-toc-pro"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "txb",
            "2": "kele",
            "t": "navel, belly button"
          },
          "expansion": "Tocharian B: kele (“navel, belly button”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tocharian B: kele (“navel, belly button”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷl̥H-í-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷl̥H-í-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷl̥H-í-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*kʷalis"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷalis",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷalis"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "πάλιν"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: πάλιν (pálin), πᾰ́λῐ (páli)\nGreek: πάλι (páli)\n→ Coptic: ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ (palin)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: πάλιν (pálin), πᾰ́λῐ (páli)\nGreek: πάλι (páli)\n→ Coptic: ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ (palin)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "*kʷékʷlos",
            "3": "*kʷé-kʷl-o-s",
            "pos": "reduplicated noun"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷé-kʷl-o-s (reduplicated noun)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷé-kʷl-o-s (reduplicated noun)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷél-os ~ *kʷél-es-os"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷél-os ~ *kʷél-es-os",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷél-os ~ *kʷél-es-os"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*kʷélos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷélos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷélos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "τέλος"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: τέλος (télos)\nGreek: τέλος (télos)\n→ English: telos\n→ English: teleology",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: τέλος (télos)\nGreek: τέλος (télos)\n→ English: telos\n→ English: teleology"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷel-es-ye-ti"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷel-es-ye-ti",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷel-es-ye-ti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*kʷeléyyō"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷeléyyō",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷeléyyō"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "τελέω"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: τελέω (teléō)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: τελέω (teléō)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷól-os ~ *kʷól-es-os"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷól-os ~ *kʷól-es-os",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷól-os ~ *kʷól-es-os"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": "*kalas"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kalas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kalas"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "*kolo"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *kolo",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Slavic: *kolo (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷol-so-"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷol-so-",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷol-so-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*halsaz"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *halsaz",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Germanic: *halsaz (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*kʷolsom"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kʷolsom",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *kʷolsom"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "collum"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: collum",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: collum (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷl̥-tó-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷl̥-tó-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷl̥-tó-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*kʷoltos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kʷoltos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *kʷoltos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "cultus"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: cultus",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: cultus (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷel-éh₂"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷel-éh₂",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷel-éh₂"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*-kʷelā"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *-kʷelā",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *-kʷelā"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "-cola"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: -cola",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: -cola"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷel-h₃onh₂-os"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷel-h₃onh₂-os",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷel-h₃onh₂-os"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*kʷelōnos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kʷelōnos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *kʷelōnos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "colōnus"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: colōnus",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: colōnus (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Unsorted formations:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Hellenic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "τῆλε"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: τῆλε (têle)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: τῆλε (têle)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "πάλαι"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: πάλαι (pálai)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: πάλαι (pálai)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "-κόλος"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: -κόλος (-kólos)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "-πόλος"
          },
          "expansion": "-πόλος (-pólos)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: -κόλος (-kólos), -πόλος (-pólos)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Indo-Iranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Indo-Aryan:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "चल"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: चल (cala)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: चल (cala)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-toc-pro",
            "2": "*käl-"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *käl-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Tocharian: *käl-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xto",
            "2": "käl-"
          },
          "expansion": "Tocharian A: käl-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tocharian A: käl-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "txb",
            "2": "käl-"
          },
          "expansion": "Tocharian B: käl-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tocharian B: käl-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-toc-pro"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "txb",
            "2": "klutk-"
          },
          "expansion": "Tocharian B: klutk-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tocharian B: klutk-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-pro",
            "2": "*kulke-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Uralic: *kulke-",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "(possibly) → Proto-Uralic: *kulke- (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kela-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "*čeľadь",
            "t": "household, servants"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *čeľadь (“household, servants”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Slavic: *čeľadь (“household, servants”) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "*čelověkъ",
            "t": "human"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *čelověkъ (“human”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "(possibly) Proto-Slavic: *čelověkъ (“human”) (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
  "lang_code": "ine-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷel-",
  "pos": "root",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to turn (end-over-end)"
      ],
      "id": "en-kʷel--ine-pro-root-rCQjd3IG",
      "links": [
        [
          "turn",
          "turn"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Indo-European CeR-shape roots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to revolve around, and therefore to sojourn, to dwell"
      ],
      "id": "en-kʷel--ine-pro-root-sH2ZpO2j",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kʷel-"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Indo-European CeR-shape roots",
    "Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
    "Proto-Indo-European roots"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷél-e-ti",
            "pos": "thematic root present"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷél-e-ti (thematic root present)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷél-e-ti (thematic root present)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sqj-pro",
            "2": "*tšela"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *tšela\nAlbanian: sjell",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Albanian: *tšela\nAlbanian: sjell"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*kʷélō"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷélō",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷélō"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "πέλω"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: πέλω (pélō)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: πέλω (pélō)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*čálHati"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čálHati",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čálHati (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*kʷelō"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kʷelō",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *kʷelō"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "colō"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: colō",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: colō (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷél-ye-ti"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷél-ye-ti",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷél-ye-ti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*kʷéľľō"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷéľľō",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷéľľō"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "τέλλω"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: τέλλω (téllō)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: τέλλω (téllō)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷl-ét ~ *kʷl-ónt",
            "pos": "thematic root aorist"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷl-ét ~ *kʷl-ónt (thematic root aorist)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷl-ét ~ *kʷl-ónt (thematic root aorist)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sqj-pro",
            "2": "*kla"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *kla",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sqj-pro",
            "2": "*klend"
          },
          "expansion": "*klend",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Albanian: *kla ~ *klend"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "qe"
          },
          "expansion": "Albanian: qe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Albanian: qe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷél-u-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷél-u-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷél-u-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*kʷélus"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kʷélus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *kʷélus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "colus"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: colus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: colus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷel-u-"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷel-u-",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷel-u-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cel-pro",
            "2": "",
            "alt": "*kʷolu-",
            "t": "wheel"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kʷolu- (“wheel”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Celtic: *kʷolu- (“wheel”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mga",
            "2": "cul"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Irish: cul",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Irish: cul"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷel-o-m"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷel-o-m",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷel-o-m"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "prg",
            "2": "kelan"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Prussian: kelan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Prussian: kelan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷól-o-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷól-o-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷól-o-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*kʷólos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷólos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷólos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "πόλος"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: πόλος (pólos)\nGreek: πόλος (pólos)\n→ Latin: polus (see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: πόλος (pólos)\nGreek: πόλος (pólos)\n→ Latin: polus (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-toc-pro"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "txb",
            "2": "kele",
            "t": "navel, belly button"
          },
          "expansion": "Tocharian B: kele (“navel, belly button”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tocharian B: kele (“navel, belly button”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷl̥H-í-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷl̥H-í-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷl̥H-í-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*kʷalis"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷalis",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷalis"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "πάλιν"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: πάλιν (pálin), πᾰ́λῐ (páli)\nGreek: πάλι (páli)\n→ Coptic: ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ (palin)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: πάλιν (pálin), πᾰ́λῐ (páli)\nGreek: πάλι (páli)\n→ Coptic: ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ (palin)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "*kʷékʷlos",
            "3": "*kʷé-kʷl-o-s",
            "pos": "reduplicated noun"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷé-kʷl-o-s (reduplicated noun)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷé-kʷl-o-s (reduplicated noun)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷél-os ~ *kʷél-es-os"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷél-os ~ *kʷél-es-os",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷél-os ~ *kʷél-es-os"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*kʷélos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷélos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷélos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "τέλος"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: τέλος (télos)\nGreek: τέλος (télos)\n→ English: telos\n→ English: teleology",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: τέλος (télos)\nGreek: τέλος (télos)\n→ English: telos\n→ English: teleology"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷel-es-ye-ti"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷel-es-ye-ti",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷel-es-ye-ti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*kʷeléyyō"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷeléyyō",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʷeléyyō"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "τελέω"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: τελέω (teléō)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: τελέω (teléō)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷól-os ~ *kʷól-es-os"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷól-os ~ *kʷól-es-os",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷól-os ~ *kʷól-es-os"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": "*kalas"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kalas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kalas"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "*kolo"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *kolo",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Slavic: *kolo (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷol-so-"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷol-so-",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷol-so-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*halsaz"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *halsaz",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Germanic: *halsaz (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*kʷolsom"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kʷolsom",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *kʷolsom"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "collum"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: collum",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: collum (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷl̥-tó-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷl̥-tó-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷl̥-tó-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*kʷoltos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kʷoltos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *kʷoltos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "cultus"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: cultus",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: cultus (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷel-éh₂"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷel-éh₂",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷel-éh₂"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*-kʷelā"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *-kʷelā",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *-kʷelā"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "-cola"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: -cola",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: -cola"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*kʷel-h₃onh₂-os"
          },
          "expansion": "*kʷel-h₃onh₂-os",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*kʷel-h₃onh₂-os"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*kʷelōnos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *kʷelōnos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *kʷelōnos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "colōnus"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: colōnus",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: colōnus (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Unsorted formations:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Hellenic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "τῆλε"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: τῆλε (têle)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: τῆλε (têle)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "πάλαι"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: πάλαι (pálai)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: πάλαι (pálai)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "-κόλος"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: -κόλος (-kólos)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "-πόλος"
          },
          "expansion": "-πόλος (-pólos)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: -κόλος (-kólos), -πόλος (-pólos)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Indo-Iranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Indo-Aryan:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "चल"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: चल (cala)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: चल (cala)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-toc-pro",
            "2": "*käl-"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *käl-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Tocharian: *käl-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xto",
            "2": "käl-"
          },
          "expansion": "Tocharian A: käl-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tocharian A: käl-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "txb",
            "2": "käl-"
          },
          "expansion": "Tocharian B: käl-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tocharian B: käl-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-toc-pro"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "txb",
            "2": "klutk-"
          },
          "expansion": "Tocharian B: klutk-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tocharian B: klutk-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-pro",
            "2": "*kulke-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Uralic: *kulke-",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "(possibly) → Proto-Uralic: *kulke- (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kela-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "*čeľadь",
            "t": "household, servants"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *čeľadь (“household, servants”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Slavic: *čeľadь (“household, servants”) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "*čelověkъ",
            "t": "human"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *čelověkъ (“human”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "(possibly) Proto-Slavic: *čelověkъ (“human”) (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
  "lang_code": "ine-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷel-",
  "pos": "root",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to turn (end-over-end)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "turn",
          "turn"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to revolve around, and therefore to sojourn, to dwell"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kʷel-"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-03-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-03-01 using wiktextract (68773ab and 5f6ddbb). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.