"h₃yebʰ-" meaning in All languages combined

See h₃yebʰ- on Wiktionary

Root [Proto-Indo-European]

  1. to enter into, penetrate Tags: morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-h₃yebʰ--ine-pro-root-48Hnf96B Categories (other): Proto-Indo-European HReC-shape roots, Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Indo-European roots Disambiguation of Proto-Indo-European HReC-shape roots: 100 0 Disambiguation of Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header: 100 0 Disambiguation of Proto-Indo-European roots: 100 0
  2. to copulate Tags: morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-h₃yebʰ--ine-pro-root-UVnl1Exc

Download JSON data for h₃yebʰ- meaning in All languages combined (13.6kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "*h₃yébʰeti",
            "3": "*h₃yébʰ-e-ti",
            "pos": "thematic root present"
          },
          "expansion": "*h₃yébʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*h₃yébʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*h₃yḗbʰ-s-t ~ *h₃yébʰ-s-n̥t",
            "pos": "s-aorist"
          },
          "expansion": "*h₃yḗbʰ-s-t ~ *h₃yébʰ-s-n̥t (s-aorist)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*h₃yḗbʰ-s-t ~ *h₃yébʰ-s-n̥t (s-aorist)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-toc-pro",
            "2": "*yäp-"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *yäp-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Tocharian: *yäp-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xto",
            "2": "yäw-",
            "alt": "yäwäs"
          },
          "expansion": "Tocharian A: yäwäs",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tocharian A: yäwäs"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "txb",
            "2": "yäp-",
            "alt": "yäpsa"
          },
          "expansion": "Tocharian B: yäpsa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tocharian B: yäpsa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*h₃yémbʰ-ti ~ *h₃imbʰ-énti",
            "pos": "nasal infix"
          },
          "expansion": "*h₃yémbʰ-ti ~ *h₃imbʰ-énti (nasal infix)",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "< *h₃inébʰ-ti ~ *h₃imbʰ-énti"
          },
          "expansion": "(< *h₃inébʰ-ti ~ *h₃imbʰ-énti)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*h₃yémbʰ-ti ~ *h₃imbʰ-énti (nasal infix) (< *h₃inébʰ-ti ~ *h₃imbʰ-énti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*Hyámbdʰi"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hyámbdʰi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hyámbdʰi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ira-pro",
            "2": "*Hyámbdi"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *Hyámbdi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Iranian: *Hyámbdi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ira-pro",
            "2": "*āHyámbdi",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *āHyámbdi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *āHyámbdi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sog",
            "2": "-",
            "t": "to pervert, deceive, seduce",
            "ts": "āyamb-, āyanp-"
          },
          "expansion": "Sogdian: (/⁠āyamb-, āyanp-⁠/, “to pervert, deceive, seduce”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sogdian: (/⁠āyamb-, āyanp-⁠/, “to pervert, deceive, seduce”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sog",
            "2": "𐼀𐼀𐼊𐼎𐼔-",
            "sc": "Sogo",
            "sclb": "1",
            "tr": "ʾʾynp-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Sogdian script: 𐼀𐼀𐼊𐼎𐼔- (ʾʾynp-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Sogdian script: 𐼀𐼀𐼊𐼎𐼔- (ʾʾynp-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sog",
            "2": "ܐܝܡܦ-",
            "sc": "Syrc",
            "sclb": "1",
            "tr": "ʾymp-"
          },
          "expansion": "Syriac script: ܐܝܡܦ- (ʾymp-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Syriac script: ܐܝܡܦ- (ʾymp-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*h₃yobʰ-éye-ti",
            "pos": "eye-causative"
          },
          "expansion": "*h₃yobʰ-éye-ti (eye-causative)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*h₃yobʰ-éye-ti (eye-causative)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*Hyābʰáyati"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hyābʰáyati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hyābʰáyati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ira-pro",
            "2": "*Hyābáyati"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *Hyābáyati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Iranian: *Hyābáyati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ira-pro",
            "2": "*upaHyābáyati",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *upaHyābáyati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *upaHyābáyati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xco",
            "pos": "3sg.impf.",
            "t": "to impregnate",
            "tr": "byʾβydʾh"
          },
          "expansion": "Khwarezmian: [script needed] (byʾβydʾh, “to impregnate”, 3sg.impf.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Khwarezmian: [script needed] (byʾβydʾh, “to impregnate”, 3sg.impf.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*h₃yebʰ-o-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*h₃yebʰ-o-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*h₃yebʰ-o-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-ana-pro",
            "2": "*Hebos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *Hebos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Anatolian: *Hebos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "*ipaš"
          },
          "expansion": "Luwian: *ipaš",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Luwian: *ipaš"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾",
            "der": "1",
            "tr": "i-pa-la-a-ti"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾 (i-pa-la-a-ti)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒄿𒉺𒆷𒋾",
            "t": "left (hand)",
            "tr": "i-pa-la-ti",
            "ts": "ipala/i-"
          },
          "expansion": "𒄿𒉺𒆷𒋾 (i-pa-la-ti /⁠ipala/i-⁠/, “left (hand)”)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾 (i-pa-la-a-ti), 𒄿𒉺𒆷𒋾 (i-pa-la-ti /⁠ipala/i-⁠/, “left (hand)”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾𒅔",
            "der": "1",
            "tr": "i-pa-la-a-ti-i􂀿n􂁀"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾𒅔 (i-pa-la-a-ti-i[n])",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾𒂗",
            "t": "sinisterness",
            "tr": "i-pa-la-a-ti-en",
            "ts": "ipalāt(i)-"
          },
          "expansion": "𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾𒂗 (i-pa-la-a-ti-en /⁠ipalāt(i)-⁠/, “sinisterness”)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾𒅔 (i-pa-la-a-ti-i[n]), 𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾𒂗 (i-pa-la-a-ti-en /⁠ipalāt(i)-⁠/, “sinisterness”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒄿𒉺𒈠𒀭𒍝𒀸𒋫",
            "der": "1",
            "pos": "dat.loc.pl.",
            "t": "perverted, sinister",
            "tr": "i-pa-ma-an-za-aš-(ta)",
            "ts": "ipama/i-"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒉺𒈠𒀭𒍝𒀸𒋫 (i-pa-ma-an-za-aš-(ta) /⁠ipama/i-⁠/, “perverted, sinister”, dat.loc.pl.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒉺𒈠𒀭𒍝𒀸𒋫 (i-pa-ma-an-za-aš-(ta) /⁠ipama/i-⁠/, “perverted, sinister”, dat.loc.pl.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "*iparuš",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Luwian: *iparuš",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "*iparwaš"
          },
          "expansion": "*iparwaš",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Luwian: *iparuš, *iparwaš"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒄿𒈦𒉿𒀸𒄩𒀸",
            "der": "1",
            "tr": "􂀿i􂁀-pár-wa-aš-ḫa-aš",
            "ts": "iparwašḫaš"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒈦𒉿𒀸𒄩𒀸 ([i]-pár-wa-aš-ḫa-aš /⁠iparwašḫaš⁠/)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒈦𒉿𒀸𒄩𒀸 ([i]-pár-wa-aš-ḫa-aš /⁠iparwašḫaš⁠/)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒄿𒈦𒉿𒀸𒅆𒅖",
            "der": "1",
            "g": "c",
            "t": "western",
            "tr": "i-pár-wa-aš-ši-iš",
            "ts": "iparwaššaiš"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒈦𒉿𒀸𒅆𒅖 c (i-pár-wa-aš-ši-iš /⁠iparwaššaiš⁠/, “western”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒈦𒉿𒀸𒅆𒅖 c (i-pár-wa-aš-ši-iš /⁠iparwaššaiš⁠/, “western”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒀹𒄿𒉺𒋻𒈠",
            "der": "1",
            "pos": "nom.-acc.pl.",
            "t": "west",
            "tr": "𒀹i-pa-tar-ma",
            "ts": "ipatarma"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Luwian: 𒀹𒄿𒉺𒋻𒈠 (𒀹i-pa-tar-ma /⁠ipatarma⁠/, “west”, nom.-acc.pl.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Luwian: 𒀹𒄿𒉺𒋻𒈠 (𒀹i-pa-tar-ma /⁠ipatarma⁠/, “west”, nom.-acc.pl.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒀹𒄿𒉺𒋻𒈠𒅀𒀭",
            "der": "1",
            "g": "n",
            "pos": "nom.-acc.pl.",
            "t": "westward",
            "tr": "(𒀹)i-pa-tar-ma-ya-an",
            "ts": "ipatarmayan"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Luwian: 𒀹𒄿𒉺𒋻𒈠𒅀𒀭 n ((𒀹)i-pa-tar-ma-ya-an /⁠ipatarmayan⁠/, “westward”, nom.-acc.pl.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Luwian: 𒀹𒄿𒉺𒋻𒈠𒅀𒀭 n ((𒀹)i-pa-tar-ma-ya-an /⁠ipatarmayan⁠/, “westward”, nom.-acc.pl.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*h₃yébʰ-wr̥ ~ *h₃ibʰ-wéns"
          },
          "expansion": "*h₃yébʰ-wr̥ ~ *h₃ibʰ-wéns",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*h₃yébʰ-wr̥ ~ *h₃ibʰ-wéns"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-ana-pro",
            "2": "*Hebʷr̥-"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *Hebʷr̥-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Anatolian: *Hebʷr̥-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hit",
            "t": "to go inside",
            "tr": "epurae-"
          },
          "expansion": "Hittite: [script needed] (epurae-, “to go inside”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hittite: [script needed] (epurae-, “to go inside”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*dzépʰuros",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Proto-Hellenic: *dzépʰuros",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "< *(d)yépʰur-os"
          },
          "expansion": "(< *(d)yépʰur-os)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Proto-Hellenic: *dzépʰuros (< *(d)yépʰur-os)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "ζέφυρος",
            "3": "Ζέφυρος"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: ζέφυρος (zéphuros), Ζέφυρος (Zéphuros)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: ζέφυρος (zéphuros), Ζέφυρος (Zéphuros) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmy",
            "2": "𐀽𐁆𐀫",
            "t": "the west wind",
            "tr": "",
            "ts": "zephuros"
          },
          "expansion": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀽𐁆𐀫 (ze-phu-ro /⁠zephuros⁠/, “the west wind”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "Казанскене, В. П."
          },
          "expansion": "Kazanskene, V. P.",
          "name": "xlit"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "Казанский, Н. Н."
          },
          "expansion": "Kazanskij, N. N.",
          "name": "xlit"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀽𐁆𐀫 (ze-phu-ro /⁠zephuros⁠/, “the west wind”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*h₃yóbʰ-o-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*h₃yóbʰ-o-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*h₃yóbʰ-o-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*dzópʰos",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Proto-Hellenic: *dzópʰos",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "< *(d)yópʰos"
          },
          "expansion": "(< *(d)yópʰos)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Proto-Hellenic: *dzópʰos (< *(d)yópʰos)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "ζόφος"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: ζόφος (zóphos)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: ζόφος (zóphos)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*h₃éybʰ-eh₂",
            "pos": "metathesis"
          },
          "expansion": "*h₃éybʰ-eh₂ (metathesis)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*h₃éybʰ-eh₂ (metathesis)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*aibō",
            "t": "family; village, district, region",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *aibō (“family; village, district, region”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *aibō (“family; village, district, region”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*aibu"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *aibu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *aibu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "eiba",
            "alt": "-eiba"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: -eiba",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: -eiba"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "Wetereiba",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: Wetereiba",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: Wetereiba"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "Wingarteiba",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: Wingarteiba",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: Wingarteiba"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lng",
            "2": "aib",
            "alt": "-aib"
          },
          "expansion": "Lombardic: -aib",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lombardic: -aib"
    },
    {
      "depth": 6,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lng",
            "2": "Antaib",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Lombardic: Antaib",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Lombardic: Antaib"
    },
    {
      "depth": 6,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lng",
            "2": "Burgundaib",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Lombardic: Burgundaib",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Lombardic: Burgundaib"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Unsorted formations:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xil",
            "2": "",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Illyrian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Illyrian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc-dor",
            "2": "Οἴβαλος",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "belonging to the birth"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Doric Greek: Οἴβαλος (Oíbalos, “belonging to the birth”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Doric Greek: Οἴβαλος (Oíbalos, “belonging to the birth”)"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
  "lang_code": "ine-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃yebʰ-",
  "pos": "root",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Indo-European HReC-shape roots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to enter into, penetrate"
      ],
      "id": "en-h₃yebʰ--ine-pro-root-48Hnf96B",
      "links": [
        [
          "enter into",
          "enter into"
        ],
        [
          "penetrate",
          "penetrate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to copulate"
      ],
      "id": "en-h₃yebʰ--ine-pro-root-UVnl1Exc",
      "links": [
        [
          "copulate",
          "copulate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "de:Brian D. Joseph"
  ],
  "word": "h₃yebʰ-"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Indo-European HReC-shape roots",
    "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
    "Proto-Indo-European roots"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "*h₃yébʰeti",
            "3": "*h₃yébʰ-e-ti",
            "pos": "thematic root present"
          },
          "expansion": "*h₃yébʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*h₃yébʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*h₃yḗbʰ-s-t ~ *h₃yébʰ-s-n̥t",
            "pos": "s-aorist"
          },
          "expansion": "*h₃yḗbʰ-s-t ~ *h₃yébʰ-s-n̥t (s-aorist)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*h₃yḗbʰ-s-t ~ *h₃yébʰ-s-n̥t (s-aorist)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-toc-pro",
            "2": "*yäp-"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *yäp-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Tocharian: *yäp-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xto",
            "2": "yäw-",
            "alt": "yäwäs"
          },
          "expansion": "Tocharian A: yäwäs",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tocharian A: yäwäs"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "txb",
            "2": "yäp-",
            "alt": "yäpsa"
          },
          "expansion": "Tocharian B: yäpsa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tocharian B: yäpsa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*h₃yémbʰ-ti ~ *h₃imbʰ-énti",
            "pos": "nasal infix"
          },
          "expansion": "*h₃yémbʰ-ti ~ *h₃imbʰ-énti (nasal infix)",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "< *h₃inébʰ-ti ~ *h₃imbʰ-énti"
          },
          "expansion": "(< *h₃inébʰ-ti ~ *h₃imbʰ-énti)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*h₃yémbʰ-ti ~ *h₃imbʰ-énti (nasal infix) (< *h₃inébʰ-ti ~ *h₃imbʰ-énti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*Hyámbdʰi"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hyámbdʰi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hyámbdʰi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ira-pro",
            "2": "*Hyámbdi"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *Hyámbdi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Iranian: *Hyámbdi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ira-pro",
            "2": "*āHyámbdi",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *āHyámbdi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *āHyámbdi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sog",
            "2": "-",
            "t": "to pervert, deceive, seduce",
            "ts": "āyamb-, āyanp-"
          },
          "expansion": "Sogdian: (/⁠āyamb-, āyanp-⁠/, “to pervert, deceive, seduce”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sogdian: (/⁠āyamb-, āyanp-⁠/, “to pervert, deceive, seduce”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sog",
            "2": "𐼀𐼀𐼊𐼎𐼔-",
            "sc": "Sogo",
            "sclb": "1",
            "tr": "ʾʾynp-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Sogdian script: 𐼀𐼀𐼊𐼎𐼔- (ʾʾynp-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Sogdian script: 𐼀𐼀𐼊𐼎𐼔- (ʾʾynp-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sog",
            "2": "ܐܝܡܦ-",
            "sc": "Syrc",
            "sclb": "1",
            "tr": "ʾymp-"
          },
          "expansion": "Syriac script: ܐܝܡܦ- (ʾymp-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Syriac script: ܐܝܡܦ- (ʾymp-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*h₃yobʰ-éye-ti",
            "pos": "eye-causative"
          },
          "expansion": "*h₃yobʰ-éye-ti (eye-causative)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*h₃yobʰ-éye-ti (eye-causative)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*Hyābʰáyati"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hyābʰáyati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hyābʰáyati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ira-pro",
            "2": "*Hyābáyati"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *Hyābáyati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Iranian: *Hyābáyati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ira-pro",
            "2": "*upaHyābáyati",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *upaHyābáyati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Proto-Iranian: *upaHyābáyati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xco",
            "pos": "3sg.impf.",
            "t": "to impregnate",
            "tr": "byʾβydʾh"
          },
          "expansion": "Khwarezmian: [script needed] (byʾβydʾh, “to impregnate”, 3sg.impf.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Khwarezmian: [script needed] (byʾβydʾh, “to impregnate”, 3sg.impf.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*h₃yebʰ-o-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*h₃yebʰ-o-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*h₃yebʰ-o-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-ana-pro",
            "2": "*Hebos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *Hebos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Anatolian: *Hebos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "*ipaš"
          },
          "expansion": "Luwian: *ipaš",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Luwian: *ipaš"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾",
            "der": "1",
            "tr": "i-pa-la-a-ti"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾 (i-pa-la-a-ti)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒄿𒉺𒆷𒋾",
            "t": "left (hand)",
            "tr": "i-pa-la-ti",
            "ts": "ipala/i-"
          },
          "expansion": "𒄿𒉺𒆷𒋾 (i-pa-la-ti /⁠ipala/i-⁠/, “left (hand)”)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾 (i-pa-la-a-ti), 𒄿𒉺𒆷𒋾 (i-pa-la-ti /⁠ipala/i-⁠/, “left (hand)”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾𒅔",
            "der": "1",
            "tr": "i-pa-la-a-ti-i􂀿n􂁀"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾𒅔 (i-pa-la-a-ti-i[n])",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾𒂗",
            "t": "sinisterness",
            "tr": "i-pa-la-a-ti-en",
            "ts": "ipalāt(i)-"
          },
          "expansion": "𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾𒂗 (i-pa-la-a-ti-en /⁠ipalāt(i)-⁠/, “sinisterness”)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾𒅔 (i-pa-la-a-ti-i[n]), 𒄿𒉺𒆷𒀀𒋾𒂗 (i-pa-la-a-ti-en /⁠ipalāt(i)-⁠/, “sinisterness”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒄿𒉺𒈠𒀭𒍝𒀸𒋫",
            "der": "1",
            "pos": "dat.loc.pl.",
            "t": "perverted, sinister",
            "tr": "i-pa-ma-an-za-aš-(ta)",
            "ts": "ipama/i-"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒉺𒈠𒀭𒍝𒀸𒋫 (i-pa-ma-an-za-aš-(ta) /⁠ipama/i-⁠/, “perverted, sinister”, dat.loc.pl.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒉺𒈠𒀭𒍝𒀸𒋫 (i-pa-ma-an-za-aš-(ta) /⁠ipama/i-⁠/, “perverted, sinister”, dat.loc.pl.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "*iparuš",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Luwian: *iparuš",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "*iparwaš"
          },
          "expansion": "*iparwaš",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Luwian: *iparuš, *iparwaš"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒄿𒈦𒉿𒀸𒄩𒀸",
            "der": "1",
            "tr": "􂀿i􂁀-pár-wa-aš-ḫa-aš",
            "ts": "iparwašḫaš"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒈦𒉿𒀸𒄩𒀸 ([i]-pár-wa-aš-ḫa-aš /⁠iparwašḫaš⁠/)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒈦𒉿𒀸𒄩𒀸 ([i]-pár-wa-aš-ḫa-aš /⁠iparwašḫaš⁠/)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒄿𒈦𒉿𒀸𒅆𒅖",
            "der": "1",
            "g": "c",
            "t": "western",
            "tr": "i-pár-wa-aš-ši-iš",
            "ts": "iparwaššaiš"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒈦𒉿𒀸𒅆𒅖 c (i-pár-wa-aš-ši-iš /⁠iparwaššaiš⁠/, “western”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Luwian: 𒄿𒈦𒉿𒀸𒅆𒅖 c (i-pár-wa-aš-ši-iš /⁠iparwaššaiš⁠/, “western”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒀹𒄿𒉺𒋻𒈠",
            "der": "1",
            "pos": "nom.-acc.pl.",
            "t": "west",
            "tr": "𒀹i-pa-tar-ma",
            "ts": "ipatarma"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Luwian: 𒀹𒄿𒉺𒋻𒈠 (𒀹i-pa-tar-ma /⁠ipatarma⁠/, “west”, nom.-acc.pl.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Luwian: 𒀹𒄿𒉺𒋻𒈠 (𒀹i-pa-tar-ma /⁠ipatarma⁠/, “west”, nom.-acc.pl.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𒀹𒄿𒉺𒋻𒈠𒅀𒀭",
            "der": "1",
            "g": "n",
            "pos": "nom.-acc.pl.",
            "t": "westward",
            "tr": "(𒀹)i-pa-tar-ma-ya-an",
            "ts": "ipatarmayan"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Luwian: 𒀹𒄿𒉺𒋻𒈠𒅀𒀭 n ((𒀹)i-pa-tar-ma-ya-an /⁠ipatarmayan⁠/, “westward”, nom.-acc.pl.)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Luwian: 𒀹𒄿𒉺𒋻𒈠𒅀𒀭 n ((𒀹)i-pa-tar-ma-ya-an /⁠ipatarmayan⁠/, “westward”, nom.-acc.pl.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*h₃yébʰ-wr̥ ~ *h₃ibʰ-wéns"
          },
          "expansion": "*h₃yébʰ-wr̥ ~ *h₃ibʰ-wéns",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*h₃yébʰ-wr̥ ~ *h₃ibʰ-wéns"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-ana-pro",
            "2": "*Hebʷr̥-"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *Hebʷr̥-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Anatolian: *Hebʷr̥-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hit",
            "t": "to go inside",
            "tr": "epurae-"
          },
          "expansion": "Hittite: [script needed] (epurae-, “to go inside”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hittite: [script needed] (epurae-, “to go inside”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*dzépʰuros",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Proto-Hellenic: *dzépʰuros",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "< *(d)yépʰur-os"
          },
          "expansion": "(< *(d)yépʰur-os)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Proto-Hellenic: *dzépʰuros (< *(d)yépʰur-os)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "ζέφυρος",
            "3": "Ζέφυρος"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: ζέφυρος (zéphuros), Ζέφυρος (Zéphuros)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: ζέφυρος (zéphuros), Ζέφυρος (Zéphuros) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmy",
            "2": "𐀽𐁆𐀫",
            "t": "the west wind",
            "tr": "",
            "ts": "zephuros"
          },
          "expansion": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀽𐁆𐀫 (ze-phu-ro /⁠zephuros⁠/, “the west wind”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "Казанскене, В. П."
          },
          "expansion": "Kazanskene, V. P.",
          "name": "xlit"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "Казанский, Н. Н."
          },
          "expansion": "Kazanskij, N. N.",
          "name": "xlit"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀽𐁆𐀫 (ze-phu-ro /⁠zephuros⁠/, “the west wind”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*h₃yóbʰ-o-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*h₃yóbʰ-o-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*h₃yóbʰ-o-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*dzópʰos",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Proto-Hellenic: *dzópʰos",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "< *(d)yópʰos"
          },
          "expansion": "(< *(d)yópʰos)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Proto-Hellenic: *dzópʰos (< *(d)yópʰos)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "ζόφος"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: ζόφος (zóphos)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: ζόφος (zóphos)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*h₃éybʰ-eh₂",
            "pos": "metathesis"
          },
          "expansion": "*h₃éybʰ-eh₂ (metathesis)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*h₃éybʰ-eh₂ (metathesis)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*aibō",
            "t": "family; village, district, region",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *aibō (“family; village, district, region”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *aibō (“family; village, district, region”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*aibu"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *aibu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *aibu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "eiba",
            "alt": "-eiba"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: -eiba",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: -eiba"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "Wetereiba",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: Wetereiba",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: Wetereiba"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "Wingarteiba",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old High German: Wingarteiba",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old High German: Wingarteiba"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lng",
            "2": "aib",
            "alt": "-aib"
          },
          "expansion": "Lombardic: -aib",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lombardic: -aib"
    },
    {
      "depth": 6,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lng",
            "2": "Antaib",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Lombardic: Antaib",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Lombardic: Antaib"
    },
    {
      "depth": 6,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lng",
            "2": "Burgundaib",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Lombardic: Burgundaib",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Lombardic: Burgundaib"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Unsorted formations:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xil",
            "2": "",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Illyrian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Illyrian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc-dor",
            "2": "Οἴβαλος",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "belonging to the birth"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Doric Greek: Οἴβαλος (Oíbalos, “belonging to the birth”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Doric Greek: Οἴβαλος (Oíbalos, “belonging to the birth”)"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
  "lang_code": "ine-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃yebʰ-",
  "pos": "root",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to enter into, penetrate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "enter into",
          "enter into"
        ],
        [
          "penetrate",
          "penetrate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to copulate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "copulate",
          "copulate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "de:Brian D. Joseph"
  ],
  "word": "h₃yebʰ-"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.