See h₂ep- on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for h₂ep- meaning in All languages combined (22.1kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ṓp-s ~ *h₂ép-s",
"g": "f",
"pos": "root noun"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ṓp-s ~ *h₂ép-s f (root noun)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂ṓp-s ~ *h₂ép-s f (root noun)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hā́ps"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hā́ps",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hā́ps (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*āp",
"t": "water, river"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *āp (“water, river”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *āp (“water, river”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "āp"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: āp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: āp"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "āp"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: āp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: āp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ép-h₃ō ~ *h₂p-h₃nés"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ép-h₃ō ~ *h₂p-h₃nés",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂ép-h₃ō ~ *h₂p-h₃nés"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": "",
"t": "river"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: [Term?] (“river”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian: [Term?] (“river”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒄩𒉺𒀸",
"pos": "nom.sg.",
"t": "river",
"tr": "ḫa-pa-aš"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒄩𒉺𒀸 (ḫa-pa-aš, “river”, nom.sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒄩𒉺𒀸 (ḫa-pa-aš, “river”, nom.sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒄩𒀀𒉿",
"tr": "ha-a-pi",
"ts": "hāpi-, hāpa-"
},
"expansion": "Luwian: 𒄩𒀀𒉿 (ha-a-pi /hāpi-, hāpa-/)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒄩𒀀𒉿𒅔𒉌",
"tr": "ha-a-pi-in-ni",
"ts": "hāpinna, hāpinni, habinni"
},
"expansion": "𒄩𒀀𒉿𒅔𒉌 (ha-a-pi-in-ni /hāpinna, hāpinni, habinni/)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Luwian: 𒄩𒀀𒉿 (ha-a-pi /hāpi-, hāpa-/), 𒄩𒀀𒉿𒅔𒉌 (ha-a-pi-in-ni /hāpinna, hāpinni, habinni/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlc",
"2": "𐊜𐊂𐊀"
},
"expansion": "Lycian: 𐊜𐊂𐊀 (χba)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xlc",
"2": "𐊜𐊂𐊀𐊆",
"gloss": "to irrigate"
},
"expansion": "𐊜𐊂𐊀𐊆 (χbai, “to irrigate”)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Lycian: 𐊜𐊂𐊀 (χba), 𐊜𐊂𐊀𐊆 (χbai, “to irrigate”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "plq",
"2": "𒄩𒀀𒀊𒈾𒀸",
"tr": "ḫa-a-ap-na-aš",
"ts": "hāpna-"
},
"expansion": "Palaic: 𒄩𒀀𒀊𒈾𒀸 (ḫa-a-ap-na-aš /hāpna-/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Palaic: 𒄩𒀀𒀊𒈾𒀸 (ḫa-a-ap-na-aš /hāpna-/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*abū",
"t": "river"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *abū (“river”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *abū (“river”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*apô",
"t": "water sprite” → “ape, monkey"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *apô (“water sprite” → “ape, monkey”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *apô (“water sprite” → “ape, monkey”) (possibly) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ph₃n-éh₂"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ph₃n-éh₂",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *h₂ph₃n-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*abnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *abnā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *abnā"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "amë",
"t": "spring, source of spring"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: amë (“spring, source of spring”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: amë (“spring, source of spring”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ph₃n-í-s"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ph₃n-í-s",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *h₂ph₃n-í-s"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "amnis"
},
"expansion": "Latin: amnis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: amnis"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xls",
"2": "abnis"
},
"expansion": "Lusitanian: abnis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lusitanian: abnis"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂ep-sru-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ep-sru-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂ep-sru-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "հաւառի"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: հաւառի (hawaṙi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: հաւառի (hawaṙi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ēp-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ēp-eh₂",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂ēp-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "𐌀𐌀𐌐𐌀"
},
"expansion": "Oscan: 𐌀𐌀𐌐𐌀 (aapa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oscan: 𐌀𐌀𐌐𐌀 (aapa)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "upe",
"t": "brook, river"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: upe (“brook, river”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: upe (“brook, river”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ùpė",
"t": "brook, river"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: ùpė (“brook, river”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: ùpė (“brook, river”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "ape"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: ape",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: ape (< *apiā̃)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "apus",
"t": "spring"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: apus (“spring”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: apus (“spring”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "вапа"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: вапа (vapa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: вапа (vapa)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ep-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"water, body of water"
],
"id": "en-h₂ep--ine-pro-root-ine_pro:water",
"links": [
[
"water",
"water"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ine-pro:water"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "h₂ékʷeh₂"
},
{
"word": "wódr̥"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "h₂ep-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ép-ti",
"pos": "athematic root present"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ép-ti (athematic root present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂ép-ti (athematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒄩𒀊𒍣",
"t": "to join, attach",
"tr": "ḫa-ap-zi",
"ts": "ḫaptsi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒄩𒀊𒍣 (ḫa-ap-zi /ḫaptsi/, “to join, attach”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stem ḫapp-"
},
"expansion": "(stem ḫapp-)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zi"
},
"expansion": "ᶻⁱ",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒄩𒀊𒍣 (ḫa-ap-zi /ḫaptsi/, “to join, attach”) (stem ḫapp-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ép-e-ti",
"pos": "thematic root present"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ép-e-ti (thematic root present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂ép-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"alt": "*apō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *apō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *apō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "apō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: apō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: apō"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂p-i-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂p-i-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "?"
}
],
"text": "*h₂p-i-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"alt": "*api-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *api-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *api-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "apīscor",
"der": "1",
"t": "to seize, get, obtain"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Latin: apīscor (“to seize, get, obtain”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁ep-"
},
"expansion": "*h₁ep-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒂊𒅁𒍣",
"t": "seizes",
"tr": "e-ep-zi",
"ts": "ʔéptsi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒂊𒅁𒍣 (e-ep-zi /ʔéptsi/, “seizes”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒉺𒀀𒄿",
"t": "gives, hands over, pays",
"tr": "pa-a-i",
"ts": "pāi"
},
"expansion": "𒉺𒀀𒄿 (pa-a-i /pāi/, “gives, hands over, pays”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "coepī",
"3": "co-epī",
"t": "I have started, undertaken"
},
"expansion": "Latin co-epī (“I have started, undertaken”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ep-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ep-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Latin: apīscor (“to seize, get, obtain”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂op-éye-ti",
"pos": "causative",
"t": "to make reach; to give"
},
"expansion": "*h₂op-éye-ti (“to make reach; to give”, causative)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂op-éye-ti (“to make reach; to give”, causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*apa",
"t": "to give",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Albanian: *apa (“to give”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Albanian: *apa (“to give”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hāpáyati",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hāpáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hāpáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hāpáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hāpáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hāpáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "आपयति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: आपयति (āpayati)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: आपयति (āpayati) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*Hāpáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *Hāpáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *Hāpáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (apaiieⁱti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (apaiieⁱti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ep-t-",
"pos": "progressive present"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ep-t- (progressive present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂ep-t- (progressive present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"alt": "*áptō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *áptō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *áptō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἅπτω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἅπτω (háptō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἅπτω (háptō)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἁφή",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1",
"t": "grip; (sense of) touch"
},
"expansion": "⇒ ἁφή (haphḗ, “grip; (sense of) touch”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ ἁφή (haphḗ, “grip; (sense of) touch”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂(é)p-ye-ti",
"pos": "ye-present"
},
"expansion": "*h₂(é)p-ye-ti (ye-present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂(é)p-ye-ti (ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"alt": "*apjō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *apjō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *apjō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "apiō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: apiō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: apiō"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ép-mn̥"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ép-mn̥",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂ép-mn̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"alt": "*ápmə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ápmə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ápmə"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἅμμα",
"t": "knot, chain"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἅμμα (hámma, “knot, chain”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἅμμα (hámma, “knot, chain”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"alt": "*h₂ép-os ~ *h₂ép-es-os",
"nolb": "1",
"pos": "s-stem",
"t": "joint; limb, member",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? *h₂ép-os ~ *h₂ép-es-os (“joint; limb, member”, s-stem)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ép-s-os"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ép-s-os",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "?"
}
],
"text": ">? *h₂ép-os ~ *h₂ép-es-os (“joint; limb, member”, s-stem), *h₂ép-s-os"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒄩𒀊𒁉𒌍𒊬",
"der": "1",
"t": "limb, joint, part of the body",
"tr": "ḫa-ap-pé-eš-šar",
"ts": "ḫappeššar"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Hittite: 𒄩𒀊𒁉𒌍𒊬 (ḫa-ap-pé-eš-šar /ḫappeššar/, “limb, joint, part of the body”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Hittite: 𒄩𒀊𒁉𒌍𒊬 (ḫa-ap-pé-eš-šar /ḫappeššar/, “limb, joint, part of the body”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒄩𒀊𒁉𒅖𒊭",
"t": "limb, member",
"tr": "ḫa-ap-pí-iš-ša"
},
"expansion": "Luwian: 𒄩𒀊𒁉𒅖𒊭 (ḫa-ap-pí-iš-ša, “limb, member”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luwian: 𒄩𒀊𒁉𒅖𒊭 (ḫa-ap-pí-iš-ša, “limb, member”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ափ",
"t": "palm (of the hand); handful",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Armenian: ափ (apʻ, “palm (of the hand); handful”)\nArmenian: ափ (apʻ)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Armenian: ափ (apʻ, “palm (of the hand); handful”)\nArmenian: ափ (apʻ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ápsos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ápsos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ápsos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἄψος",
"3": "ἅψος",
"t2": "joint; (pl.) limbs"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἄψος (ápsos), ἅψος (hápsos, “joint; (pl.) limbs”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἄψος (ápsos), ἅψος (hápsos, “joint; (pl.) limbs”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hápsas",
"t": "protruding part of the body"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hápsas (“protruding part of the body”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hápsas (“protruding part of the body”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hápsas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hápsas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hápsas"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अप्सस्",
"t": "front protrusion of the body: breast, face, forehead, tusk"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: अप्सस् (apsas, “front protrusion of the body: breast, face, forehead, tusk”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: अप्सस् (apsas, “front protrusion of the body: breast, face, forehead, tusk”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*Hápsas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *Hápsas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *Hápsas"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "ӕфцӕг",
"t": "protruding part, neck"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian: ӕфцӕг (æfcæg, “protruding part, neck”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ossetian: ӕфцӕг (æfcæg, “protruding part, neck”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "āpsā",
"t": "minor limbs"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: āpsā (“minor limbs”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: āpsā (“minor limbs”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂(e)p-tó-s"
},
"expansion": "*h₂(e)p-tó-s",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂(e)p-tó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"alt": "*aptós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *aptós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *aptós"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἄαπτος",
"alt": "ἄ-απτος",
"der": "1",
"t": "untouched"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Ancient Greek: ἄ-απτος (á-aptos, “untouched”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Ancient Greek: ἄ-απτος (á-aptos, “untouched”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"alt": "*aptos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *aptos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *aptos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "aptus",
"t": "connected, fitting, fit, suitable"
},
"expansion": "Latin: aptus (“connected, fitting, fit, suitable”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: aptus (“connected, fitting, fit, suitable”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "հափափեմ",
"t": "to kidnap",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Armenian: հափափեմ (hapʻapʻem, “to kidnap”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Armenian: հափափեմ (hapʻapʻem, “to kidnap”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "հափափել"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: հափափել (hapʻapʻel)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: հափափել (hapʻapʻel)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬁𐬟𐬆𐬥𐬙𐬈"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬁𐬟𐬆𐬥𐬙𐬈 (āfənte)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬁𐬟𐬆𐬥𐬙𐬈 (āfənte)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"alt": "*apeks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *apeks",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "?"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *apeks"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "apex",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Latin: apex",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Latin: apex (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ep-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to join, attach, fasten, fit"
],
"id": "en-h₂ep--ine-pro-root-ine_pro:join",
"links": [
[
"join",
"join"
],
[
"attach",
"attach"
],
[
"fasten",
"fasten"
],
[
"fit",
"fit"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ine-pro:join"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 18 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European HeC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
" to grab, snatch, get",
"to grab, snatch, get"
],
"id": "en-h₂ep--ine-pro-root-2XlIUlXH",
"links": [
[
"grab",
"grab"
],
[
"snatch",
"snatch"
],
[
"get",
"get"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to grab, snatch, get"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "h₂ep-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European HeC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ṓp-s ~ *h₂ép-s",
"g": "f",
"pos": "root noun"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ṓp-s ~ *h₂ép-s f (root noun)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂ṓp-s ~ *h₂ép-s f (root noun)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hā́ps"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hā́ps",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hā́ps (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*āp",
"t": "water, river"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *āp (“water, river”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *āp (“water, river”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "āp"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: āp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: āp"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "āp"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: āp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: āp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ép-h₃ō ~ *h₂p-h₃nés"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ép-h₃ō ~ *h₂p-h₃nés",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂ép-h₃ō ~ *h₂p-h₃nés"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": "",
"t": "river"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: [Term?] (“river”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian: [Term?] (“river”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒄩𒉺𒀸",
"pos": "nom.sg.",
"t": "river",
"tr": "ḫa-pa-aš"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒄩𒉺𒀸 (ḫa-pa-aš, “river”, nom.sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒄩𒉺𒀸 (ḫa-pa-aš, “river”, nom.sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒄩𒀀𒉿",
"tr": "ha-a-pi",
"ts": "hāpi-, hāpa-"
},
"expansion": "Luwian: 𒄩𒀀𒉿 (ha-a-pi /hāpi-, hāpa-/)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒄩𒀀𒉿𒅔𒉌",
"tr": "ha-a-pi-in-ni",
"ts": "hāpinna, hāpinni, habinni"
},
"expansion": "𒄩𒀀𒉿𒅔𒉌 (ha-a-pi-in-ni /hāpinna, hāpinni, habinni/)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Luwian: 𒄩𒀀𒉿 (ha-a-pi /hāpi-, hāpa-/), 𒄩𒀀𒉿𒅔𒉌 (ha-a-pi-in-ni /hāpinna, hāpinni, habinni/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlc",
"2": "𐊜𐊂𐊀"
},
"expansion": "Lycian: 𐊜𐊂𐊀 (χba)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xlc",
"2": "𐊜𐊂𐊀𐊆",
"gloss": "to irrigate"
},
"expansion": "𐊜𐊂𐊀𐊆 (χbai, “to irrigate”)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Lycian: 𐊜𐊂𐊀 (χba), 𐊜𐊂𐊀𐊆 (χbai, “to irrigate”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "plq",
"2": "𒄩𒀀𒀊𒈾𒀸",
"tr": "ḫa-a-ap-na-aš",
"ts": "hāpna-"
},
"expansion": "Palaic: 𒄩𒀀𒀊𒈾𒀸 (ḫa-a-ap-na-aš /hāpna-/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Palaic: 𒄩𒀀𒀊𒈾𒀸 (ḫa-a-ap-na-aš /hāpna-/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*abū",
"t": "river"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *abū (“river”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *abū (“river”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*apô",
"t": "water sprite” → “ape, monkey"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *apô (“water sprite” → “ape, monkey”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *apô (“water sprite” → “ape, monkey”) (possibly) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ph₃n-éh₂"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ph₃n-éh₂",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *h₂ph₃n-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*abnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *abnā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *abnā"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "amë",
"t": "spring, source of spring"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: amë (“spring, source of spring”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: amë (“spring, source of spring”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ph₃n-í-s"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ph₃n-í-s",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "⇒ *h₂ph₃n-í-s"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "amnis"
},
"expansion": "Latin: amnis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: amnis"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xls",
"2": "abnis"
},
"expansion": "Lusitanian: abnis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lusitanian: abnis"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂ep-sru-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ep-sru-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂ep-sru-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "հաւառի"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: հաւառի (hawaṙi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: հաւառի (hawaṙi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ēp-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ēp-eh₂",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂ēp-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "𐌀𐌀𐌐𐌀"
},
"expansion": "Oscan: 𐌀𐌀𐌐𐌀 (aapa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oscan: 𐌀𐌀𐌐𐌀 (aapa)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "upe",
"t": "brook, river"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: upe (“brook, river”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: upe (“brook, river”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ùpė",
"t": "brook, river"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: ùpė (“brook, river”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: ùpė (“brook, river”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "ape"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: ape",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: ape (< *apiā̃)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "apus",
"t": "spring"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: apus (“spring”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: apus (“spring”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "вапа"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: вапа (vapa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: вапа (vapa)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ep-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ine-pro:Water"
],
"glosses": [
"water, body of water"
],
"links": [
[
"water",
"water"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ine-pro:water"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "h₂ékʷeh₂"
},
{
"word": "wódr̥"
}
],
"word": "h₂ep-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European HeC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ép-ti",
"pos": "athematic root present"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ép-ti (athematic root present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂ép-ti (athematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒄩𒀊𒍣",
"t": "to join, attach",
"tr": "ḫa-ap-zi",
"ts": "ḫaptsi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒄩𒀊𒍣 (ḫa-ap-zi /ḫaptsi/, “to join, attach”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stem ḫapp-"
},
"expansion": "(stem ḫapp-)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zi"
},
"expansion": "ᶻⁱ",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒄩𒀊𒍣 (ḫa-ap-zi /ḫaptsi/, “to join, attach”) (stem ḫapp-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ép-e-ti",
"pos": "thematic root present"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ép-e-ti (thematic root present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂ép-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"alt": "*apō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *apō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *apō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "apō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: apō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: apō"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂p-i-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂p-i-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "?"
}
],
"text": "*h₂p-i-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"alt": "*api-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *api-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *api-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "apīscor",
"der": "1",
"t": "to seize, get, obtain"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Latin: apīscor (“to seize, get, obtain”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁ep-"
},
"expansion": "*h₁ep-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒂊𒅁𒍣",
"t": "seizes",
"tr": "e-ep-zi",
"ts": "ʔéptsi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒂊𒅁𒍣 (e-ep-zi /ʔéptsi/, “seizes”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒉺𒀀𒄿",
"t": "gives, hands over, pays",
"tr": "pa-a-i",
"ts": "pāi"
},
"expansion": "𒉺𒀀𒄿 (pa-a-i /pāi/, “gives, hands over, pays”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "coepī",
"3": "co-epī",
"t": "I have started, undertaken"
},
"expansion": "Latin co-epī (“I have started, undertaken”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ep-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ep-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Latin: apīscor (“to seize, get, obtain”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂op-éye-ti",
"pos": "causative",
"t": "to make reach; to give"
},
"expansion": "*h₂op-éye-ti (“to make reach; to give”, causative)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂op-éye-ti (“to make reach; to give”, causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*apa",
"t": "to give",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Albanian: *apa (“to give”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Albanian: *apa (“to give”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hāpáyati",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hāpáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hāpáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hāpáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hāpáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hāpáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "आपयति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: आपयति (āpayati)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: आपयति (āpayati) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*Hāpáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *Hāpáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *Hāpáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (apaiieⁱti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (apaiieⁱti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ep-t-",
"pos": "progressive present"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ep-t- (progressive present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂ep-t- (progressive present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"alt": "*áptō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *áptō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *áptō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἅπτω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἅπτω (háptō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἅπτω (háptō)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἁφή",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1",
"t": "grip; (sense of) touch"
},
"expansion": "⇒ ἁφή (haphḗ, “grip; (sense of) touch”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ ἁφή (haphḗ, “grip; (sense of) touch”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂(é)p-ye-ti",
"pos": "ye-present"
},
"expansion": "*h₂(é)p-ye-ti (ye-present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂(é)p-ye-ti (ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"alt": "*apjō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *apjō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *apjō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "apiō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: apiō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: apiō"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ép-mn̥"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ép-mn̥",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂ép-mn̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"alt": "*ápmə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ápmə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ápmə"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἅμμα",
"t": "knot, chain"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἅμμα (hámma, “knot, chain”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἅμμα (hámma, “knot, chain”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"alt": "*h₂ép-os ~ *h₂ép-es-os",
"nolb": "1",
"pos": "s-stem",
"t": "joint; limb, member",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? *h₂ép-os ~ *h₂ép-es-os (“joint; limb, member”, s-stem)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂ép-s-os"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ép-s-os",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "?"
}
],
"text": ">? *h₂ép-os ~ *h₂ép-es-os (“joint; limb, member”, s-stem), *h₂ép-s-os"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒄩𒀊𒁉𒌍𒊬",
"der": "1",
"t": "limb, joint, part of the body",
"tr": "ḫa-ap-pé-eš-šar",
"ts": "ḫappeššar"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Hittite: 𒄩𒀊𒁉𒌍𒊬 (ḫa-ap-pé-eš-šar /ḫappeššar/, “limb, joint, part of the body”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Hittite: 𒄩𒀊𒁉𒌍𒊬 (ḫa-ap-pé-eš-šar /ḫappeššar/, “limb, joint, part of the body”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒄩𒀊𒁉𒅖𒊭",
"t": "limb, member",
"tr": "ḫa-ap-pí-iš-ša"
},
"expansion": "Luwian: 𒄩𒀊𒁉𒅖𒊭 (ḫa-ap-pí-iš-ša, “limb, member”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luwian: 𒄩𒀊𒁉𒅖𒊭 (ḫa-ap-pí-iš-ša, “limb, member”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ափ",
"t": "palm (of the hand); handful",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Armenian: ափ (apʻ, “palm (of the hand); handful”)\nArmenian: ափ (apʻ)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Armenian: ափ (apʻ, “palm (of the hand); handful”)\nArmenian: ափ (apʻ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ápsos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ápsos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ápsos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἄψος",
"3": "ἅψος",
"t2": "joint; (pl.) limbs"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἄψος (ápsos), ἅψος (hápsos, “joint; (pl.) limbs”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἄψος (ápsos), ἅψος (hápsos, “joint; (pl.) limbs”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hápsas",
"t": "protruding part of the body"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hápsas (“protruding part of the body”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hápsas (“protruding part of the body”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hápsas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hápsas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hápsas"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अप्सस्",
"t": "front protrusion of the body: breast, face, forehead, tusk"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: अप्सस् (apsas, “front protrusion of the body: breast, face, forehead, tusk”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: अप्सस् (apsas, “front protrusion of the body: breast, face, forehead, tusk”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*Hápsas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *Hápsas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *Hápsas"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "ӕфцӕг",
"t": "protruding part, neck"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian: ӕфцӕг (æfcæg, “protruding part, neck”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ossetian: ӕфцӕг (æfcæg, “protruding part, neck”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "āpsā",
"t": "minor limbs"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: āpsā (“minor limbs”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: āpsā (“minor limbs”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂(e)p-tó-s"
},
"expansion": "*h₂(e)p-tó-s",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂(e)p-tó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"alt": "*aptós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *aptós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *aptós"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἄαπτος",
"alt": "ἄ-απτος",
"der": "1",
"t": "untouched"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Ancient Greek: ἄ-απτος (á-aptos, “untouched”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Ancient Greek: ἄ-απτος (á-aptos, “untouched”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"alt": "*aptos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *aptos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *aptos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "aptus",
"t": "connected, fitting, fit, suitable"
},
"expansion": "Latin: aptus (“connected, fitting, fit, suitable”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: aptus (“connected, fitting, fit, suitable”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "հափափեմ",
"t": "to kidnap",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Armenian: հափափեմ (hapʻapʻem, “to kidnap”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Armenian: հափափեմ (hapʻapʻem, “to kidnap”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "հափափել"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: հափափել (hapʻapʻel)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: հափափել (hapʻapʻel)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬁𐬟𐬆𐬥𐬙𐬈"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬁𐬟𐬆𐬥𐬙𐬈 (āfənte)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬁𐬟𐬆𐬥𐬙𐬈 (āfənte)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"alt": "*apeks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *apeks",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "?"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *apeks"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "apex",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Latin: apex",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Latin: apex (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ep-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to join, attach, fasten, fit"
],
"links": [
[
"join",
"join"
],
[
"attach",
"attach"
],
[
"fasten",
"fasten"
],
[
"fit",
"fit"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ine-pro:join"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
" to grab, snatch, get",
"to grab, snatch, get"
],
"links": [
[
"grab",
"grab"
],
[
"snatch",
"snatch"
],
[
"get",
"get"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to grab, snatch, get"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "h₂ep-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.