"h₁néwn̥" meaning in All languages combined

See h₁néwn̥ on Wiktionary

Numeral [Proto-Indo-European]

Etymology: According to one theory, related to the PIE adjective *néwos (“new”), allegedly an endingless locative meaning "in the new" (reinforced by the preposition *en (“in”), traces of which can allegedly also be seen in Ancient Greek and Armenian reflexes), from the heteroclitic r/n-stem néwr̥ ~ néwn̥, former of which reflexes can be seen in Ancient Greek νεαρός (nearós, “young, youthful”) and Armenian նոր (nor, “new”). However, prothetic vowels in Greek and Armenian are today usually explained as reflexes of word-initial laryngeal #h₁-, and the evidence is overwhelming that the geminated -νν- of Ancient Greek ἐννέα (ennéa) is of secondary development. The assumption that PIE had a quaternary system (base 4) or octal system (base 8) at some point in prehistory is supported with even less evidence. Another theory (Blažek 1999:199) takes *h₁néwn̥ to be the accusative of an old primary noun *h₁enu- (“lack”) and thus related to *h₁new (“without”) (whence e.g. Ancient Greek ἄνευ (áneu), German ohne). Etymology templates: {{etymon|ine-pro|id=nine}}, {{lang|grc|-νν-}} -νν-, {{m+|grc|ἄνευ}} Ancient Greek ἄνευ (áneu), {{m+|de|ohne}} German ohne Head templates: {{head|ine-pro|numeral}} *h₁néwn̥
  1. nine Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-h₁néwn̥-ine-pro-num-7c2OcBot Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sqj-pro",
            "2": "*neunti-"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *neunti-",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Albanian: *neunti- (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-ana-pro",
            "2": "*ʔnū́n"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *ʔnū́n",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Anatolian: *ʔnū́n"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlc",
            "2": "𐊏𐊒𐊏𐊗𐊀𐊗𐊀"
          },
          "expansion": "Lycian: 𐊏𐊒𐊏𐊗𐊀𐊗𐊀 (nuntata)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lycian: 𐊏𐊒𐊏𐊗𐊀𐊗𐊀 (nuntata)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Luwian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Luwian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𔒴𔗬",
            "sc": "Hluw",
            "sclb": "1",
            "tr": "nuwa􂀿n?􂁀"
          },
          "expansion": "Anatolian hieroglyphic script: 𔒴𔗬 (nuwa[n?])",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Anatolian hieroglyphic script: 𔒴𔗬 (nuwa[n?])"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Armenian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xcl",
            "2": "ինն"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Armenian: ինն (inn)\nArmenian: ինը (inə)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Armenian: ինն (inn)\nArmenian: ինը (inə)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": "*néwin"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *néwin",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *néwin (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cel-pro",
            "2": "*nowan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *nowan",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Celtic: *nowan (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*newun"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *newun",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Germanic: *newun (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*ennéwə"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ennéwə",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ennéwə (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*Hnáwa"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hnáwa",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hnáwa (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*nowən"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *nowən",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *nowən (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-toc-pro",
            "2": "*ñäwä"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *ñäwä",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Tocharian: *ñäwä (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "id": "nine"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "-νν-"
      },
      "expansion": "-νν-",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἄνευ"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἄνευ (áneu)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "ohne"
      },
      "expansion": "German ohne",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "According to one theory, related to the PIE adjective *néwos (“new”), allegedly an endingless locative meaning \"in the new\" (reinforced by the preposition *en (“in”), traces of which can allegedly also be seen in Ancient Greek and Armenian reflexes), from the heteroclitic r/n-stem néwr̥ ~ néwn̥, former of which reflexes can be seen in Ancient Greek νεαρός (nearós, “young, youthful”) and Armenian նոր (nor, “new”). However, prothetic vowels in Greek and Armenian are today usually explained as reflexes of word-initial laryngeal #h₁-, and the evidence is overwhelming that the geminated -νν- of Ancient Greek ἐννέα (ennéa) is of secondary development. The assumption that PIE had a quaternary system (base 4) or octal system (base 8) at some point in prehistory is supported with even less evidence.\nAnother theory (Blažek 1999:199) takes *h₁néwn̥ to be the accusative of an old primary noun *h₁enu- (“lack”) and thus related to *h₁new (“without”) (whence e.g. Ancient Greek ἄνευ (áneu), German ohne).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "numeral"
      },
      "expansion": "*h₁néwn̥",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
  "lang_code": "ine-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁néwn̥",
  "pos": "num",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "nine"
      ],
      "id": "en-h₁néwn̥-ine-pro-num-7c2OcBot",
      "links": [
        [
          "nine",
          "nine"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "h₁néwn̥"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sqj-pro",
            "2": "*neunti-"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *neunti-",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Albanian: *neunti- (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-ana-pro",
            "2": "*ʔnū́n"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *ʔnū́n",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Anatolian: *ʔnū́n"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlc",
            "2": "𐊏𐊒𐊏𐊗𐊀𐊗𐊀"
          },
          "expansion": "Lycian: 𐊏𐊒𐊏𐊗𐊀𐊗𐊀 (nuntata)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lycian: 𐊏𐊒𐊏𐊗𐊀𐊗𐊀 (nuntata)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Luwian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Luwian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xlu",
            "2": "𔒴𔗬",
            "sc": "Hluw",
            "sclb": "1",
            "tr": "nuwa􂀿n?􂁀"
          },
          "expansion": "Anatolian hieroglyphic script: 𔒴𔗬 (nuwa[n?])",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Anatolian hieroglyphic script: 𔒴𔗬 (nuwa[n?])"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Armenian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xcl",
            "2": "ինն"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Armenian: ինն (inn)\nArmenian: ինը (inə)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Armenian: ինն (inn)\nArmenian: ինը (inə)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": "*néwin"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *néwin",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *néwin (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cel-pro",
            "2": "*nowan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *nowan",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Celtic: *nowan (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*newun"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *newun",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Germanic: *newun (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*ennéwə"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ennéwə",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ennéwə (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*Hnáwa"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hnáwa",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hnáwa (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*nowən"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *nowən",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *nowən (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-toc-pro",
            "2": "*ñäwä"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *ñäwä",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Tocharian: *ñäwä (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "id": "nine"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "-νν-"
      },
      "expansion": "-νν-",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἄνευ"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἄνευ (áneu)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "ohne"
      },
      "expansion": "German ohne",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "According to one theory, related to the PIE adjective *néwos (“new”), allegedly an endingless locative meaning \"in the new\" (reinforced by the preposition *en (“in”), traces of which can allegedly also be seen in Ancient Greek and Armenian reflexes), from the heteroclitic r/n-stem néwr̥ ~ néwn̥, former of which reflexes can be seen in Ancient Greek νεαρός (nearós, “young, youthful”) and Armenian նոր (nor, “new”). However, prothetic vowels in Greek and Armenian are today usually explained as reflexes of word-initial laryngeal #h₁-, and the evidence is overwhelming that the geminated -νν- of Ancient Greek ἐννέα (ennéa) is of secondary development. The assumption that PIE had a quaternary system (base 4) or octal system (base 8) at some point in prehistory is supported with even less evidence.\nAnother theory (Blažek 1999:199) takes *h₁néwn̥ to be the accusative of an old primary noun *h₁enu- (“lack”) and thus related to *h₁new (“without”) (whence e.g. Ancient Greek ἄνευ (áneu), German ohne).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "numeral"
      },
      "expansion": "*h₁néwn̥",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
  "lang_code": "ine-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁néwn̥",
  "pos": "num",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
        "Proto-Indo-European numerals"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "nine"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "nine",
          "nine"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "h₁néwn̥"
}

Download raw JSONL data for h₁néwn̥ meaning in All languages combined (5.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (1c4b89b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.