See h₁er- on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₁r̥-sḱé-ti (sḱe-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"tr": "āraskizzi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: [script needed] (āraskizzi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: [script needed] (āraskizzi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔρχομαι"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἔρχομαι (érkhomai)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or from <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*h₁ergʰ-</i> (“to mount”)"
},
"expansion": "(or from *h₁ergʰ- (“to mount”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἔρχομαι (érkhomai) (or from *h₁ergʰ- (“to mount”))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥sćáti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥sćáti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥sćáti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥sćáti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥sćáti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥sćáti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऋच्छति",
"tr": "ṛccháti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ऋच्छति (ṛccháti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ऋच्छति (ṛccháti)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶",
"pos": "1sg.impf.",
"ts": "ars(s)am"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 (a-r-s-m /ars(s)am/, 1sg.impf.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 (a-r-s-m /ars(s)am/, 1sg.impf.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₁ér-t ~ *h₁r-ént (athematic aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "आरत्",
"tr": "ā́rat"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: आरत् (ā́rat)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "thematized"
},
"expansion": "(thematized)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: आरत् (ā́rat) (thematized)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-old",
"2": "𐬁𐬭𐬆𐬨",
"pos": "1sg."
},
"expansion": "Old Avestan: 𐬁𐬭𐬆𐬨 (ār^əm, 1sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Avestan: 𐬁𐬭𐬆𐬨 (ār^əm, 1sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₁e-h₁ór-e ~ *h₁e-h₁r-ḗr (reduplicated perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"tr": "āri"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: [script needed] (āri)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: [script needed] (āri)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "आर",
"tr": "ā́ra"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: आर (ā́ra)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: आर (ā́ra)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₁ér-ti-s ~ *h₁r̥-téy-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥tíš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥tíš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥tíš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥tíṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥tíṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥tíṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऋति",
"tr": "ṛtí, ṛ́ti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ऋति (ṛtí, ṛ́ti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ऋति (ṛtí, ṛ́ti)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁er-",
"pos": "root",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "h₃er-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to arrive, get somewhere"
],
"id": "en-h₁er--ine-pro-root-mHGrq7Oy",
"links": [
[
"arrive",
"arrive"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 66 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 80 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European HeR-shaped roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 89 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 89 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to go to, reach"
],
"id": "en-h₁er--ine-pro-root-V0oD-m-X",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "h₁er-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₁ér-teh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*erþō",
"gloss": "earth, ground, soil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *erþō (“earth, ground, soil”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *erþō (“earth, ground, soil”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*ā̆ur(V)n"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *ā̆ur(V)n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *ā̆ur(V)n"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "varr"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: varr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: varr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "-",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "érdvė"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: érdvė",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: érdvė"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Celtic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "erw",
"gloss": "field"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: erw (“field”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: erw (“field”) (or < *h₂erh₃- (“to plow”))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "",
"alt": "*ἔρα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: *ἔρα (*éra)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: *ἔρα (*éra) (in ἔραζε (éraze, “on the ground”) and compounds)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "āre"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: āre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: āre"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁er-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"earth"
],
"id": "en-h₁er--ine-pro-root-e3S0GKNS",
"links": [
[
"earth",
"earth"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "h₂erh₃-"
},
{
"word": "h₁erh₂-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "h₁er-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European HeR-shaped roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₁r̥-sḱé-ti (sḱe-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"tr": "āraskizzi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: [script needed] (āraskizzi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: [script needed] (āraskizzi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔρχομαι"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἔρχομαι (érkhomai)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or from <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*h₁ergʰ-</i> (“to mount”)"
},
"expansion": "(or from *h₁ergʰ- (“to mount”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἔρχομαι (érkhomai) (or from *h₁ergʰ- (“to mount”))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥sćáti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥sćáti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥sćáti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥sćáti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥sćáti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥sćáti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऋच्छति",
"tr": "ṛccháti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ऋच्छति (ṛccháti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ऋच्छति (ṛccháti)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶",
"pos": "1sg.impf.",
"ts": "ars(s)am"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 (a-r-s-m /ars(s)am/, 1sg.impf.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 (a-r-s-m /ars(s)am/, 1sg.impf.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₁ér-t ~ *h₁r-ént (athematic aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "आरत्",
"tr": "ā́rat"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: आरत् (ā́rat)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "thematized"
},
"expansion": "(thematized)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: आरत् (ā́rat) (thematized)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-old",
"2": "𐬁𐬭𐬆𐬨",
"pos": "1sg."
},
"expansion": "Old Avestan: 𐬁𐬭𐬆𐬨 (ār^əm, 1sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Avestan: 𐬁𐬭𐬆𐬨 (ār^əm, 1sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₁e-h₁ór-e ~ *h₁e-h₁r-ḗr (reduplicated perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"tr": "āri"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: [script needed] (āri)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: [script needed] (āri)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "आर",
"tr": "ā́ra"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: आर (ā́ra)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: आर (ā́ra)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₁ér-ti-s ~ *h₁r̥-téy-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥tíš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥tíš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥tíš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥tíṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥tíṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥tíṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऋति",
"tr": "ṛtí, ṛ́ti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ऋति (ṛtí, ṛ́ti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ऋति (ṛtí, ṛ́ti)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁er-",
"pos": "root",
"related": [
{
"word": "h₃er-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to arrive, get somewhere"
],
"links": [
[
"arrive",
"arrive"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to go to, reach"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "h₁er-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European HeR-shaped roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₁ér-teh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*erþō",
"gloss": "earth, ground, soil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *erþō (“earth, ground, soil”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *erþō (“earth, ground, soil”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*ā̆ur(V)n"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *ā̆ur(V)n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *ā̆ur(V)n"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "varr"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: varr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: varr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "-",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "érdvė"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: érdvė",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: érdvė"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Celtic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "erw",
"gloss": "field"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: erw (“field”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: erw (“field”) (or < *h₂erh₃- (“to plow”))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "",
"alt": "*ἔρα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: *ἔρα (*éra)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: *ἔρα (*éra) (in ἔραζε (éraze, “on the ground”) and compounds)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "āre"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: āre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: āre"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁er-",
"pos": "root",
"related": [
{
"word": "h₂erh₃-"
},
{
"word": "h₁erh₂-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"earth"
],
"links": [
[
"earth",
"earth"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "h₁er-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for h₁er- meaning in All languages combined (7.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.