"gwnd" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fa",
            "2": "غند",
            "3": "غنده",
            "tr": "ğond",
            "tr2": "ġunda"
          },
          "expansion": "Persian: غند (ğond), غنده (ġunda)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Persian: غند (ğond), غنده (ġunda)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "جُنْد",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Arabic: جُنْد (jund)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Arabic: جُنْد (jund)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "arc",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Aramaic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Aramaic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "syc",
            "2": "ܓܘܢܕܐ",
            "3": "ܓܘܕܐ",
            "tr": "gundā",
            "tr2": "guddā"
          },
          "expansion": "Classical Syriac: ܓܘܢܕܐ (gundā), ܓܘܕܐ (guddā)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Classical Syriac: ܓܘܢܕܐ (gundā), ܓܘܕܐ (guddā)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "myz",
            "tr": "guddā"
          },
          "expansion": "Classical Mandaic: [script needed] (guddā)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Classical Mandaic: [script needed] (guddā)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xcl",
            "2": "գունդ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old Armenian: գունդ (gund)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old Armenian: գունդ (gund)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "գունդ"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: գունդ (gund)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: գունդ (gund)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ka",
            "2": "გუნდი",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Georgian: გუნდი (gundi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Georgian: გუნდი (gundi)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "udi",
            "2": "gündä",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Udi: gündä",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Udi: gündä"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xpr",
        "2": "gwnd",
        "sc": "Mani",
        "t": "army, troop; group, gathering",
        "tr": "gund"
      },
      "expansion": "Parthian gwnd (gund, “army, troop; group, gathering”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "वृन्द",
        "t": "heap, multitude, host, flock, swarm, number, quantity, aggregation",
        "tr": "vṛndá-"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit वृन्द (vṛndá-, “heap, multitude, host, flock, swarm, number, quantity, aggregation”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "French",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "corps"
      },
      "expansion": "English corps",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "sem",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Semitic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "akk",
        "2": "𒄖𒌦𒉡",
        "t": "elite troops, elite or special unit",
        "ts": "gunnu"
      },
      "expansion": "Akkadian 𒄖𒌦𒉡 (/⁠gunnu⁠/, “elite troops, elite or special unit”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ج ن ن",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "ج ن ن (j-n-n)",
      "name": "ar-root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syc",
        "2": "ܓܘܕܐ",
        "t": "troop; company, group of people; wall (homonymously)",
        "ts": "guddā"
      },
      "expansion": "ܓܘܕܐ (/⁠guddā⁠/, “troop; company, group of people; wall (homonymously)”)",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ج د د",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "ج د د (j-d-d)",
      "name": "ar-root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "akk",
        "2": "𒄖𒁺𒁺",
        "t": "military detachment, battle troop",
        "ts": "gudūdu"
      },
      "expansion": "Akkadian 𒄖𒁺𒁺 (/⁠gudūdu⁠/, “military detachment, battle troop”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "he",
        "2": "גְּדוּד",
        "t": "band, troop; battalion",
        "tr": "gedūd"
      },
      "expansion": "Hebrew גְּדוּד (gedūd, “band, troop; battalion”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Akin to Manichean Parthian gwnd (gund, “army, troop; group, gathering”).\nHorn following Nöldeke (orally) connects with Sanskrit वृन्द (vṛndá-, “heap, multitude, host, flock, swarm, number, quantity, aggregation”), but this is doubtful by the usual sound correspondences.\nPossibly also the same as the word below for a testicle; the meaning “ball” or “lump” could have developed like the French, English corps, which Johnny Cheung and Adriano V. Rossi find most plausible.\nSince it is only found in Persian and Parthian, probably a Semitic word, as Nöldeke (earlier), Szemerényi and Cheung contend, compare Akkadian 𒄖𒌦𒉡 (/⁠gunnu⁠/, “elite troops, elite or special unit”), the basic meaning of the root ج ن ن (j-n-n) being related pan-Semitically to “covering, protection, shielding; being secluded”, and, looking on ܓܘܕܐ (/⁠guddā⁠/, “troop; company, group of people; wall (homonymously)”), the root ج د د (j-d-d) being related to “seriousness; rough ground; path, streak; a strip, detachment”, akin to Akkadian 𒄖𒁺𒁺 (/⁠gudūdu⁠/, “military detachment, battle troop”) and Hebrew גְּדוּד (gedūd, “band, troop; battalion”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gund",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "noun",
        "tr": "gund"
      },
      "expansion": "gwnd • (gund)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Persian",
  "lang_code": "pal",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "59 20 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Persian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "army, troop"
      ],
      "id": "en-gwnd-pal-noun-w~zeEWDF",
      "links": [
        [
          "army",
          "army"
        ],
        [
          "troop",
          "troop"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "group, gathering"
      ],
      "id": "en-gwnd-pal-noun-dv1Uv97I",
      "links": [
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ],
        [
          "gathering",
          "gathering"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Oswald Szemerényi"
  ],
  "word": "gwnd"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fa",
            "2": "گند",
            "tr": "gond"
          },
          "expansion": "Persian: گند (gond)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Persian: گند (gond)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "peo",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*gunda-",
        "sc": "Latn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Persian *gunda-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬔𐬎𐬧𐬛𐬀",
        "t": "lump of dough"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬔𐬎𐬧𐬛𐬀 (guṇda, “lump of dough”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "գունդ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian գունդ (gund)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lrc",
        "2": "گن",
        "tr": "gen"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Luri گن (gen)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "*kunduŕ",
        "t": "beaver"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kunduŕ (“beaver”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Persian *gunda-. Compare Avestan 𐬔𐬎𐬧𐬛𐬀 (guṇda, “lump of dough”) and Old Armenian գունդ (gund), Northern Luri گن (gen), an Iranian borrowing. One might adduce Proto-Turkic *kunduŕ (“beaver”), not impossibly related via the meaning of a castor-sac.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gund",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "noun",
        "tr": "gund"
      },
      "expansion": "gwnd • (gund)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Persian",
  "lang_code": "pal",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "testicle"
      ],
      "id": "en-gwnd-pal-noun-pal:testicle",
      "links": [
        [
          "testicle",
          "testicle"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "pal:testicle"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "gwnd"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle Persian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle Persian lemmas",
    "Middle Persian nouns",
    "Middle Persian terms derived from Old Persian",
    "Middle Persian terms derived from Semitic languages"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fa",
            "2": "غند",
            "3": "غنده",
            "tr": "ğond",
            "tr2": "ġunda"
          },
          "expansion": "Persian: غند (ğond), غنده (ġunda)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Persian: غند (ğond), غنده (ġunda)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "جُنْد",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Arabic: جُنْد (jund)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Arabic: جُنْد (jund)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "arc",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Aramaic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Aramaic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "syc",
            "2": "ܓܘܢܕܐ",
            "3": "ܓܘܕܐ",
            "tr": "gundā",
            "tr2": "guddā"
          },
          "expansion": "Classical Syriac: ܓܘܢܕܐ (gundā), ܓܘܕܐ (guddā)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Classical Syriac: ܓܘܢܕܐ (gundā), ܓܘܕܐ (guddā)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "myz",
            "tr": "guddā"
          },
          "expansion": "Classical Mandaic: [script needed] (guddā)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Classical Mandaic: [script needed] (guddā)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xcl",
            "2": "գունդ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old Armenian: գունդ (gund)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old Armenian: գունդ (gund)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "գունդ"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: գունդ (gund)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: գունդ (gund)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ka",
            "2": "გუნდი",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Georgian: გუნდი (gundi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Georgian: გუნდი (gundi)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "udi",
            "2": "gündä",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Udi: gündä",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Udi: gündä"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xpr",
        "2": "gwnd",
        "sc": "Mani",
        "t": "army, troop; group, gathering",
        "tr": "gund"
      },
      "expansion": "Parthian gwnd (gund, “army, troop; group, gathering”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "वृन्द",
        "t": "heap, multitude, host, flock, swarm, number, quantity, aggregation",
        "tr": "vṛndá-"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit वृन्द (vṛndá-, “heap, multitude, host, flock, swarm, number, quantity, aggregation”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "French",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "corps"
      },
      "expansion": "English corps",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "sem",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Semitic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "akk",
        "2": "𒄖𒌦𒉡",
        "t": "elite troops, elite or special unit",
        "ts": "gunnu"
      },
      "expansion": "Akkadian 𒄖𒌦𒉡 (/⁠gunnu⁠/, “elite troops, elite or special unit”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ج ن ن",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "ج ن ن (j-n-n)",
      "name": "ar-root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syc",
        "2": "ܓܘܕܐ",
        "t": "troop; company, group of people; wall (homonymously)",
        "ts": "guddā"
      },
      "expansion": "ܓܘܕܐ (/⁠guddā⁠/, “troop; company, group of people; wall (homonymously)”)",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ج د د",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "ج د د (j-d-d)",
      "name": "ar-root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "akk",
        "2": "𒄖𒁺𒁺",
        "t": "military detachment, battle troop",
        "ts": "gudūdu"
      },
      "expansion": "Akkadian 𒄖𒁺𒁺 (/⁠gudūdu⁠/, “military detachment, battle troop”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "he",
        "2": "גְּדוּד",
        "t": "band, troop; battalion",
        "tr": "gedūd"
      },
      "expansion": "Hebrew גְּדוּד (gedūd, “band, troop; battalion”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Akin to Manichean Parthian gwnd (gund, “army, troop; group, gathering”).\nHorn following Nöldeke (orally) connects with Sanskrit वृन्द (vṛndá-, “heap, multitude, host, flock, swarm, number, quantity, aggregation”), but this is doubtful by the usual sound correspondences.\nPossibly also the same as the word below for a testicle; the meaning “ball” or “lump” could have developed like the French, English corps, which Johnny Cheung and Adriano V. Rossi find most plausible.\nSince it is only found in Persian and Parthian, probably a Semitic word, as Nöldeke (earlier), Szemerényi and Cheung contend, compare Akkadian 𒄖𒌦𒉡 (/⁠gunnu⁠/, “elite troops, elite or special unit”), the basic meaning of the root ج ن ن (j-n-n) being related pan-Semitically to “covering, protection, shielding; being secluded”, and, looking on ܓܘܕܐ (/⁠guddā⁠/, “troop; company, group of people; wall (homonymously)”), the root ج د د (j-d-d) being related to “seriousness; rough ground; path, streak; a strip, detachment”, akin to Akkadian 𒄖𒁺𒁺 (/⁠gudūdu⁠/, “military detachment, battle troop”) and Hebrew גְּדוּד (gedūd, “band, troop; battalion”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gund",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "noun",
        "tr": "gund"
      },
      "expansion": "gwnd • (gund)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Persian",
  "lang_code": "pal",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "army, troop"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "army",
          "army"
        ],
        [
          "troop",
          "troop"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "group, gathering"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ],
        [
          "gathering",
          "gathering"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Oswald Szemerényi"
  ],
  "word": "gwnd"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle Persian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle Persian lemmas",
    "Middle Persian nouns",
    "Middle Persian terms derived from Old Persian"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fa",
            "2": "گند",
            "tr": "gond"
          },
          "expansion": "Persian: گند (gond)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Persian: گند (gond)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "peo",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*gunda-",
        "sc": "Latn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Persian *gunda-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬔𐬎𐬧𐬛𐬀",
        "t": "lump of dough"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬔𐬎𐬧𐬛𐬀 (guṇda, “lump of dough”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "գունդ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian գունդ (gund)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lrc",
        "2": "گن",
        "tr": "gen"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Luri گن (gen)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "*kunduŕ",
        "t": "beaver"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kunduŕ (“beaver”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Persian *gunda-. Compare Avestan 𐬔𐬎𐬧𐬛𐬀 (guṇda, “lump of dough”) and Old Armenian գունդ (gund), Northern Luri گن (gen), an Iranian borrowing. One might adduce Proto-Turkic *kunduŕ (“beaver”), not impossibly related via the meaning of a castor-sac.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gund",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "noun",
        "tr": "gund"
      },
      "expansion": "gwnd • (gund)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Persian",
  "lang_code": "pal",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "testicle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "testicle",
          "testicle"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "pal:testicle"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "gwnd"
}