See grúfa on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "non",
"3": "grúfa",
"4": "",
"5": "to grovel"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grúfa (“to grovel”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse grúfa (“to grovel”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grúfu",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
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"expansion": "grúfa f (genitive singular grúfu, no plural)",
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{
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{
"_dis": "97 3",
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"Entry maintenance"
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{
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{
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}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to lie face-down",
"word": "liggja á grúfu"
}
],
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],
"id": "en-grúfa-is-noun-5Ld2Hu2d",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkruːva/"
}
],
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}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"3": "grúfa",
"4": "",
"5": "to grovel"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grúfa (“to grovel”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse grúfa (“to grovel”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grúfði",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grúft",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "grúfað",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
}
],
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"11": "or",
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"4": "",
"5": "third-person singular past indicative",
"6": "grúfði",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{22}}}",
"9": "supine",
"cat2": "weak verbs",
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},
"expansion": "grúfa (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative grúfði, supine grúft or grúfað)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "to crouch down",
"word": "grúfa sig niður"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grovel"
],
"id": "en-grúfa-is-verb-u3jGOaql",
"links": [
[
"grovel",
"grovel"
]
],
"tags": [
"weak"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkruːva/"
}
],
"word": "grúfa"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kreupaną",
"3": "",
"4": "to twist, creep"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kreupaną (“to twist, creep”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Germanic *kreupaną (“to twist, creep”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
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"g": "f",
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"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
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"expansion": "grúfa f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
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"expansion": "grúfa f",
"name": "non-noun"
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],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
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{
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],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to lie face down, on one's belly",
"word": "liggja á grúfu"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used in set phrases"
],
"id": "en-grúfa-non-noun-5Ld2Hu2d",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "grúfa"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
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"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "grúfa"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: grúfa",
"name": "desc"
}
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"text": "Icelandic: grúfa"
}
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"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "*kreupaną",
"3": "",
"4": "to twist, creep"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kreupaną (“to twist, creep”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Germanic *kreupaną (“to twist, creep”).",
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{
"args": {
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"10": "{{{ppast2}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{ppast3}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pp2}}}",
"2": "verb",
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"4": "{{{1}}}",
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"6": "{{{spast2}}}",
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"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "grúfa",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grúfa",
"name": "non-verb"
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],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to grovel, to cower or crouch down"
],
"id": "en-grúfa-non-verb-HCSuNcfj",
"links": [
[
"grovel",
"grovel"
],
[
"cower",
"cower"
],
[
"crouch",
"crouch"
]
]
}
],
"word": "grúfa"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic feminine nouns",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic nouns",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic uncountable nouns",
"Icelandic verbs",
"Icelandic weak verbs",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse feminine nouns",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to lie face-down",
"word": "liggja á grúfu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "grúfa",
"4": "",
"5": "to grovel"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grúfa (“to grovel”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse grúfa (“to grovel”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grúfu",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"11": "",
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"4": "grúfu",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "no plural",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "grúfa f (genitive singular grúfu, no plural)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "grúfu",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "grúfa f (genitive singular grúfu, no plural)",
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}
],
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"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"glosses": [
"used in set phrases"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"no-plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkruːva/"
}
],
"word": "grúfa"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic feminine nouns",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic nouns",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
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"Icelandic verbs",
"Icelandic weak verbs",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse feminine nouns",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to crouch down",
"word": "grúfa sig niður"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "grúfa",
"4": "",
"5": "to grovel"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grúfa (“to grovel”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse grúfa (“to grovel”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grúfði",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grúft",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "grúfað",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"10": "grúft",
"11": "or",
"12": "grúfað",
"2": "verb",
"3": "weak verb",
"4": "",
"5": "third-person singular past indicative",
"6": "grúfði",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{22}}}",
"9": "supine",
"cat2": "weak verbs",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "grúfa (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative grúfði, supine grúft or grúfað)",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to grovel"
],
"links": [
[
"grovel",
"grovel"
]
],
"tags": [
"weak"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkruːva/"
}
],
"word": "grúfa"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse feminine nouns",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to lie face down, on one's belly",
"word": "liggja á grúfu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kreupaną",
"3": "",
"4": "to twist, creep"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kreupaną (“to twist, creep”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Germanic *kreupaną (“to twist, creep”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "grúfa f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "grúfa f",
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}
],
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"pos": "noun",
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{
"glosses": [
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}
],
"word": "grúfa"
}
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{
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"1": "is",
"2": "grúfa"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: grúfa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: grúfa"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kreupaną",
"3": "",
"4": "to twist, creep"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kreupaną (“to twist, creep”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Germanic *kreupaną (“to twist, creep”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"10": "{{{ppast2}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{ppast3}}}",
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"16": "{{{pp2}}}",
"2": "verb",
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"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{spast2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{2}}}",
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"head": "",
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},
"expansion": "grúfa",
"name": "head"
},
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"args": {},
"expansion": "grúfa",
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}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to grovel, to cower or crouch down"
],
"links": [
[
"grovel",
"grovel"
],
[
"cower",
"cower"
],
[
"crouch",
"crouch"
]
]
}
],
"word": "grúfa"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grúfa meaning in All languages combined (4.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.