See golěnь on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for golěnь meaning in All languages combined (9.2kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "golěnъka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "tibia",
"word": "golěnica"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
],
"word": "golěnišče"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "голѣнь",
"3": "голень"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: голѣнь (golěnĭ), голень (golenĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: голѣнь (golěnĭ), голень (golenĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "голень"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: голень (hóljenʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: голень (hóljenʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "го́лень"
},
"expansion": "Russian: го́лень (gólenʹ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "го́лянь"
},
"expansion": "го́лянь (góljanʹ)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "голе́нь"
},
"expansion": "голе́нь (golénʹ)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Russian: го́лень (gólenʹ); (dialectal) го́лянь (góljanʹ), голе́нь (golénʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "голѣнь"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: голѣнь (golěnĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: голѣнь (golěnĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "го̏лије̄н",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: го̏лије̄н",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: го̏лије̄н"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "gȍlijēn",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: gȍlijēn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: gȍlijēn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "golẹ̑n",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: golẹ̑n",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "golẹ̑n"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: golẹ̑n (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: golẹ̑n (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "holeň"
},
"expansion": "Czech: holeň",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: holeň"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "goleń",
"t": "shin, calf"
},
"expansion": "Polish: goleń (“shin, calf”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: goleń (“shin, calf”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "holeň"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: holeň",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: holeň"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "gôleń"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: gôleń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: gôleń"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gelH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*golъ",
"3": "*-ěnь",
"t1": "bare, naked"
},
"expansion": "*golъ (“bare, naked”) + *-ěnь",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gelH-",
"4": "",
"5": "bare, naked"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gelH- (“bare, naked”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gʷelH-",
"t": "to project, to prod"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to project, to prod”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bedro",
"3": "",
"4": "thigh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bedro (“thigh”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*béstеi",
"3": "",
"4": "to prick, to stab"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *béstеi (“to prick, to stab”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gãlas",
"3": "",
"4": "end, extreme, tip"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gãlas (“end, extreme, tip”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gals",
"3": "",
"4": "tip, end"
},
"expansion": "Latvian gals (“tip, end”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γύαλον",
"3": "",
"4": "hollow structure, depression"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γύαλον (gúalon, “hollow structure, depression”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γυῖον",
"3": "",
"4": "limb"
},
"expansion": "γυῖον (guîon, “limb”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gew-",
"3": "",
"4": "to crook, to bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to crook, to bend”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Normally associated to *golъ (“bare, naked”) + *-ěnь, from Proto-Indo-European *gelH- (“bare, naked”). If so, the original meaning would have been “bare bone”, per Brückner, perhaps in reference to the lack of muscles on the front of the shinbone.\nAn origin from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to project, to prod”) also possible, semantically analogous to Proto-Slavic *bedro (“thigh”) from Proto-Balto-Slavic *béstеi (“to prick, to stab”). Akin terms in that case would be Lithuanian gãlas (“end, extreme, tip”), Latvian gals (“tip, end”).\nBerneker and Mladenov also suggest distant relation to Ancient Greek γύαλον (gúalon, “hollow structure, depression”), γυῖον (guîon, “limb”) possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to crook, to bend”). Rejected on phonetic ground by Trubachev (ESSJa).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gȍlěnь",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "gȍlěnь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gȍlěni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gȍlěni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "golění",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "golěnьjù",
"roman": "golěňu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "golěnь̀jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "gȍlěni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "golěnьmà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gȍlěnьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "accusative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "instrumental",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "golěnьjǫ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "golěnьmì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "locative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "gȍlěnьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vocative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "golěni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "c",
"g": "f",
"stem": "i"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/golěnь",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "golětь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "barren, desolate land or place",
"word": "golěja"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "featherless bird",
"word": "golę"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"shinbone"
],
"id": "en-golěnь-sla-pro-noun-VjWEy8lD",
"links": [
[
"shinbone",
"shinbone"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*piščalь"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"shank, crus (lower part of the leg between the knee and the ankle)"
],
"id": "en-golěnь-sla-pro-noun-tgnHow4e",
"links": [
[
"shank",
"shank"
],
[
"crus",
"crus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) shank, crus (lower part of the leg between the knee and the ankle)"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Eastern regional Proto-Slavic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 7 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 4 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 8 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ěnь",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lower leafless part of tree crown (between the trunk and the true crown)"
],
"id": "en-golěnь-sla-pro-noun-vVkMgNfK",
"links": [
[
"leafless",
"leafless"
],
[
"part",
"part"
],
[
"crown",
"crown"
]
],
"qualifier": "East Slavic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(East Slavic) lower leafless part of tree crown (between the trunk and the true crown)"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "golěnъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "o-stem",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "golěno"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "ā-stem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "golěna"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "golěnь"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gelH-",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ěnь"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "golěnъka"
},
{
"english": "tibia",
"word": "golěnica"
},
{
"tags": [
"augmentative"
],
"word": "golěnišče"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "голѣнь",
"3": "голень"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: голѣнь (golěnĭ), голень (golenĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: голѣнь (golěnĭ), голень (golenĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "голень"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: голень (hóljenʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: голень (hóljenʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "го́лень"
},
"expansion": "Russian: го́лень (gólenʹ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "го́лянь"
},
"expansion": "го́лянь (góljanʹ)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "голе́нь"
},
"expansion": "голе́нь (golénʹ)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Russian: го́лень (gólenʹ); (dialectal) го́лянь (góljanʹ), голе́нь (golénʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "голѣнь"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: голѣнь (golěnĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: голѣнь (golěnĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "го̏лије̄н",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: го̏лије̄н",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: го̏лије̄н"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "gȍlijēn",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: gȍlijēn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: gȍlijēn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "golẹ̑n",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: golẹ̑n",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "golẹ̑n"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: golẹ̑n (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: golẹ̑n (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "holeň"
},
"expansion": "Czech: holeň",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: holeň"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "goleń",
"t": "shin, calf"
},
"expansion": "Polish: goleń (“shin, calf”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: goleń (“shin, calf”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "holeň"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: holeň",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: holeň"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "gôleń"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: gôleń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: gôleń"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gelH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*golъ",
"3": "*-ěnь",
"t1": "bare, naked"
},
"expansion": "*golъ (“bare, naked”) + *-ěnь",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gelH-",
"4": "",
"5": "bare, naked"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gelH- (“bare, naked”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gʷelH-",
"t": "to project, to prod"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to project, to prod”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bedro",
"3": "",
"4": "thigh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bedro (“thigh”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*béstеi",
"3": "",
"4": "to prick, to stab"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *béstеi (“to prick, to stab”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gãlas",
"3": "",
"4": "end, extreme, tip"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gãlas (“end, extreme, tip”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gals",
"3": "",
"4": "tip, end"
},
"expansion": "Latvian gals (“tip, end”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γύαλον",
"3": "",
"4": "hollow structure, depression"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γύαλον (gúalon, “hollow structure, depression”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γυῖον",
"3": "",
"4": "limb"
},
"expansion": "γυῖον (guîon, “limb”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gew-",
"3": "",
"4": "to crook, to bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to crook, to bend”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Normally associated to *golъ (“bare, naked”) + *-ěnь, from Proto-Indo-European *gelH- (“bare, naked”). If so, the original meaning would have been “bare bone”, per Brückner, perhaps in reference to the lack of muscles on the front of the shinbone.\nAn origin from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to project, to prod”) also possible, semantically analogous to Proto-Slavic *bedro (“thigh”) from Proto-Balto-Slavic *béstеi (“to prick, to stab”). Akin terms in that case would be Lithuanian gãlas (“end, extreme, tip”), Latvian gals (“tip, end”).\nBerneker and Mladenov also suggest distant relation to Ancient Greek γύαλον (gúalon, “hollow structure, depression”), γυῖον (guîon, “limb”) possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to crook, to bend”). Rejected on phonetic ground by Trubachev (ESSJa).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gȍlěnь",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "gȍlěnь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gȍlěni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gȍlěni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "golění",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "golěnьjù",
"roman": "golěňu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "golěnь̀jь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "gȍlěni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "golěnьmà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gȍlěnьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "accusative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "instrumental",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "golěnьjǫ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "golěnьmì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "locative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "gȍlěnьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vocative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "golěni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "c",
"g": "f",
"stem": "i"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/golěnь",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "golětь"
},
{
"english": "barren, desolate land or place",
"word": "golěja"
},
{
"english": "featherless bird",
"word": "golę"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"shinbone"
],
"links": [
[
"shinbone",
"shinbone"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*piščalь"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"shank, crus (lower part of the leg between the knee and the ankle)"
],
"links": [
[
"shank",
"shank"
],
[
"crus",
"crus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) shank, crus (lower part of the leg between the knee and the ankle)"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Eastern regional Proto-Slavic"
],
"glosses": [
"lower leafless part of tree crown (between the trunk and the true crown)"
],
"links": [
[
"leafless",
"leafless"
],
[
"part",
"part"
],
[
"crown",
"crown"
]
],
"qualifier": "East Slavic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(East Slavic) lower leafless part of tree crown (between the trunk and the true crown)"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "golěnъ"
},
{
"roman": "o-stem",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "golěno"
},
{
"roman": "ā-stem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "golěna"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "golěnь"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.