"gijzelaar" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "giselaer"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch giselaer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "giselare"
      },
      "expansion": "giselare",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "gisel",
        "3": "-aer",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "hostage”, also “pledge, security"
      },
      "expansion": "gisel (“hostage”, also “pledge, security”) + -aer",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*gīsel"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *gīsel",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*gīslaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gīslaz",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gijzel",
        "3": "aar"
      },
      "expansion": "gijzel + -aar",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "martelaar",
        "t": "martyr"
      },
      "expansion": "martelaar (“martyr”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gijzelen",
        "t": "to take hostage"
      },
      "expansion": "gijzelen (“to take hostage”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch giselaer, giselare, from gisel (“hostage”, also “pledge, security”) + -aer. The former from Old Dutch *gīsel, from Proto-Germanic *gīslaz. Equivalent to archaic gijzel + -aar. The use of this suffix in a passive sense is comparable to martelaar (“martyr”). The proscribed sense “hostage-taker” developed through reanalysis as an agent noun of gijzelen (“to take hostage”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gijzelaars",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gijzelaartje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-s",
        "3": "gijzelaartje"
      },
      "expansion": "gijzelaar m (plural gijzelaars, diminutive gijzelaartje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "gij‧ze‧laar"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gijzeling"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gijzelingsdrama"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gijzelneming"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hostage"
      ],
      "id": "en-gijzelaar-nl-noun-KuPPfUxJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "hostage",
          "hostage"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "gegijzelde"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 90",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 74",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch terms suffixed with -aar",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hostage-taker"
      ],
      "id": "en-gijzelaar-nl-noun-gaiU40o0",
      "links": [
        [
          "hostage-taker",
          "hostage-taker"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(proscribed) hostage-taker"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "gijzelnemer"
        },
        {
          "word": "gijzelhouder"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "proscribed"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɣɛi̯.zəˌlaːr/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-gijzelaar.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f6/Nl-gijzelaar.ogg/Nl-gijzelaar.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Nl-gijzelaar.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "nl:gijzelaar"
  ],
  "word": "gijzelaar"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch masculine nouns",
    "Dutch nouns",
    "Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
    "Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms suffixed with -aar",
    "Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Dutch terms with audio links"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "giselaer"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch giselaer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "giselare"
      },
      "expansion": "giselare",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "gisel",
        "3": "-aer",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "hostage”, also “pledge, security"
      },
      "expansion": "gisel (“hostage”, also “pledge, security”) + -aer",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*gīsel"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *gīsel",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*gīslaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gīslaz",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gijzel",
        "3": "aar"
      },
      "expansion": "gijzel + -aar",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "martelaar",
        "t": "martyr"
      },
      "expansion": "martelaar (“martyr”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gijzelen",
        "t": "to take hostage"
      },
      "expansion": "gijzelen (“to take hostage”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch giselaer, giselare, from gisel (“hostage”, also “pledge, security”) + -aer. The former from Old Dutch *gīsel, from Proto-Germanic *gīslaz. Equivalent to archaic gijzel + -aar. The use of this suffix in a passive sense is comparable to martelaar (“martyr”). The proscribed sense “hostage-taker” developed through reanalysis as an agent noun of gijzelen (“to take hostage”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gijzelaars",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gijzelaartje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-s",
        "3": "gijzelaartje"
      },
      "expansion": "gijzelaar m (plural gijzelaars, diminutive gijzelaartje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "gij‧ze‧laar"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "gijzeling"
    },
    {
      "word": "gijzelingsdrama"
    },
    {
      "word": "gijzelneming"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hostage"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hostage",
          "hostage"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "gegijzelde"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Dutch proscribed terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hostage-taker"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hostage-taker",
          "hostage-taker"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(proscribed) hostage-taker"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "gijzelnemer"
        },
        {
          "word": "gijzelhouder"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "proscribed"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɣɛi̯.zəˌlaːr/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-gijzelaar.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f6/Nl-gijzelaar.ogg/Nl-gijzelaar.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Nl-gijzelaar.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "nl:gijzelaar"
  ],
  "word": "gijzelaar"
}