genus

head

genus n (plural indefinite genus or genera)

genus (indefinite plural)
genera (indefinite plural)


genus

(botany) a rank in a taxonomic classification, in between family and species

→ Indonesian: genus

Borrowed from Latin genus. Doublet of gender and genre.


genus

All magnolias belong to the genus Magnolia.

Other species of the genus Bos are often called cattle or wild cattle.

There are only two genera and species of seadragons.

Müller […] criticized the division of the "Jubuleae" into two families and he cited Jubula as an annectant genus.

1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page 6:

Other maloid genera with hard nutlets are Cotoneaster, Hesperomeles, Osteomeles, and Pyracantba, but each of these is quite different from Mespilus and Crataegus.

2003, James B. Phipps, Robert J. O'Kennon, Ronald W. Lance, Hawthorns and Medlars, Portland, O.R.: Timber Press, →ISBN, page 57:

(biology, taxonomy) A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below family (Lat. familia) and above species.

Recollection is one of a whole genus of effects which are more or less peculiar to the phenomena that we naturally call "mental."

1945, Bertrand Russell, A History of Western Philosophy, page 655:

(topology, graph theory, algebraic geometry) A natural number representing any of several related measures of the complexity of a given manifold or graph.

(semantics) Within a definition, a broader category of the defined concept.

en:type of tuning or intonation in music

(music) A type of tuning or intonation, used within an Ancient Greek tetrachord.

en-noun

genus (plural genera or (all nonstandard) genuses or genusses or genii)

genera (plural)
genuses (nonstandard plural)
genusses (nonstandard plural)
genii (nonstandard plural)

→ Malayalam: ജീനസ് (jīnasŭ)

→ Swahili: jenasi

→ Thai: สกุล (sà-gun) (semantic loan)

genus

rank in a taxonomic classification between family and species

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os
Latin genusbor.
English genus
Borrowed from Latin genus (“birth, origin, a race, sort, kind”) from the root gen- in Latin gignō (“to beget, produce”). Doublet of gender and genre, further related to kin.


genus

genus (nominative singular)
genukset (nominative plural)
genus (accusative nominative singular)
genukset (accusative nominative plural)
genuksen (accusative genitive singular)
genukset (accusative genitive plural)
genuksen (genitive singular)
genusten (genitive plural)
genuksien (genitive plural)
genusta (partitive singular)
genuksia (partitive plural)
genuksessa (inessive singular)
genuksissa (inessive plural)
genuksesta (elative singular)
genuksista (elative plural)
genukseen (illative singular)
genuksiin (illative plural)
genuksella (adessive singular)
genuksilla (adessive plural)
genukselta (ablative singular)
genuksilta (ablative plural)
genukselle (allative singular)
genuksille (allative plural)
genuksena (essive singular)
genuksina (essive plural)
genukseksi (singular translative)
genuksiksi (plural translative)
genuksetta (abessive singular)
genuksitta (abessive plural)
genuksin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
genukseni (nominative singular)
genukseni (nominative plural)
genukseni (accusative nominative singular)
genukseni (accusative nominative plural)
genukseni (accusative genitive singular)
genukseni (accusative genitive plural)
genukseni (genitive singular)
genusteni (genitive plural)
genuksieni (genitive plural)
genustani (partitive singular)
genuksiani (partitive plural)
genuksessani (inessive singular)
genuksissani (inessive plural)
genuksestani (elative singular)
genuksistani (elative plural)
genukseeni (illative singular)
genuksiini (illative plural)
genuksellani (adessive singular)
genuksillani (adessive plural)
genukseltani (ablative singular)
genuksiltani (ablative plural)
genukselleni (allative singular)
genuksilleni (allative plural)
genuksenani (essive singular)
genuksinani (essive plural)
genuksekseni (singular translative)
genuksikseni (plural translative)
genuksettani (abessive singular)
genuksittani (abessive plural)
genuksineni (comitative plural)
genuksesi (nominative singular)
genuksesi (nominative plural)
genuksesi (accusative nominative singular)
genuksesi (accusative nominative plural)
genuksesi (accusative genitive singular)
genuksesi (accusative genitive plural)
genuksesi (genitive singular)
genustesi (genitive plural)
genuksiesi (genitive plural)
genustasi (partitive singular)
genuksiasi (partitive plural)
genuksessasi (inessive singular)
genuksissasi (inessive plural)
genuksestasi (elative singular)
genuksistasi (elative plural)
genukseesi (illative singular)
genuksiisi (illative plural)
genuksellasi (adessive singular)
genuksillasi (adessive plural)
genukseltasi (ablative singular)
genuksiltasi (ablative plural)
genuksellesi (allative singular)
genuksillesi (allative plural)
genuksenasi (essive singular)
genuksinasi (essive plural)
genukseksesi (singular translative)
genuksiksesi (plural translative)
genuksettasi (abessive singular)
genuksittasi (abessive plural)
genuksinesi (comitative plural)
genuksemme (nominative singular)
genuksemme (nominative plural)
genuksemme (accusative nominative singular)
genuksemme (accusative nominative plural)
genuksemme (accusative genitive singular)
genuksemme (accusative genitive plural)
genuksemme (genitive singular)
genustemme (genitive plural)
genuksiemme (genitive plural)
genustamme (partitive singular)
genuksiamme (partitive plural)
genuksessamme (inessive singular)
genuksissamme (inessive plural)
genuksestamme (elative singular)
genuksistamme (elative plural)
genukseemme (illative singular)
genuksiimme (illative plural)
genuksellamme (adessive singular)
genuksillamme (adessive plural)
genukseltamme (ablative singular)
genuksiltamme (ablative plural)
genuksellemme (allative singular)
genuksillemme (allative plural)
genuksenamme (essive singular)
genuksinamme (essive plural)
genukseksemme (singular translative)
genuksiksemme (plural translative)
genuksettamme (abessive singular)
genuksittamme (abessive plural)
genuksinemme (comitative plural)
genuksenne (nominative singular)
genuksenne (nominative plural)
genuksenne (accusative nominative singular)
genuksenne (accusative nominative plural)
genuksenne (accusative genitive singular)
genuksenne (accusative genitive plural)
genuksenne (genitive singular)
genustenne (genitive plural)
genuksienne (genitive plural)
genustanne (partitive singular)
genuksianne (partitive plural)
genuksessanne (inessive singular)
genuksissanne (inessive plural)
genuksestanne (elative singular)
genuksistanne (elative plural)
genukseenne (illative singular)
genuksiinne (illative plural)
genuksellanne (adessive singular)
genuksillanne (adessive plural)
genukseltanne (ablative singular)
genuksiltanne (ablative plural)
genuksellenne (allative singular)
genuksillenne (allative plural)
genuksenanne (essive singular)
genuksinanne (essive plural)
genukseksenne (singular translative)
genuksiksenne (plural translative)
genuksettanne (abessive singular)
genuksittanne (abessive plural)
genuksinenne (comitative plural)
genuksensa (nominative singular)
genuksensa (nominative plural)
genuksensa (accusative nominative singular)
genuksensa (accusative nominative plural)
genuksensa (accusative genitive singular)
genuksensa (accusative genitive plural)
genuksensa (genitive singular)
genustensa (genitive plural)
genuksiensa (genitive plural)
genustaan (partitive singular)
genustansa (partitive singular)
genuksiaan (partitive plural)
genuksiansa (partitive plural)
genuksessaan (inessive singular)
genuksessansa (inessive singular)
genuksissaan (inessive plural)
genuksissansa (inessive plural)
genuksestaan (elative singular)
genuksestansa (elative singular)
genuksistaan (elative plural)
genuksistansa (elative plural)
genukseensa (illative singular)
genuksiinsa (illative plural)
genuksellaan (adessive singular)
genuksellansa (adessive singular)
genuksillaan (adessive plural)
genuksillansa (adessive plural)
genukseltaan (ablative singular)
genukseltansa (ablative singular)
genuksiltaan (ablative plural)
genuksiltansa (ablative plural)
genukselleen (allative singular)
genuksellensa (allative singular)
genuksilleen (allative plural)
genuksillensa (allative plural)
genuksenaan (essive singular)
genuksenansa (essive singular)
genuksinaan (essive plural)
genuksinansa (essive plural)
genuksekseen (singular translative)
genukseksensa (singular translative)
genuksikseen (plural translative)
genuksiksensa (plural translative)
genuksettaan (abessive singular)
genuksettansa (abessive singular)
genuksittaan (abessive plural)
genuksittansa (abessive plural)
genuksineen (comitative plural)
genuksinensa (comitative plural)


genus

Borrowed from Dutch genus, from Latin genus. Doublet of gender, genre, and jenis.


genus

huic generi militum senatus eundem, quem Cannensibus, finem statuerat militiae.

27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 26.1

For this class of soldier the senate had established a limit in duration to their military service, which was the same as the men at Cannae.

omne adeo genus in terris hominumque ferarumque / et genus aequoreum pecudes pictaeque volucres / in furias ignemque ruunt

c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics III

So far does every race on earth of man and beast, / whether the aquatic species, livestock, or painted-winged, / collapse into the frenzies and the fire [of sex].

species (general classification, as of living things), taxon (of animal or plant), race (of people or animals)

set, group, category (with common attributes)

6th century, Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus (attributed): Commentarium de oratione et de octo partibus orationis. In: „Patrologiae cursus completus sive Bibliotheca universalis, integra, uniformis, commoda, oeconomica, omnium ss. patrum, doctorum scriptorumque ecclesiasticorum qui ab aevo apostolico ad innocentii III tempora floruerunt; […] . Series prima, in qua prodeunt patres, doctores scriptoresque ecclesiae latinae a tertulliano ad gregorium magnum. Accurante J.-P. Migne, cursuum completorum in singulos scientiae ecclesiaticae ramos editore. Patrologiae tomus LXX. Cassiodori tomus posterior. – Magni Aurelii Cassiodori senatoris, viri patricii, consularis, et vivariensis abbatis opera omnia in duos tomos distributa, ad fidem manuscriptiorum codicum emendata et aucta, notis, observationibus et indicibus locupletata, praecedente auctoris vita, quae nunc primum in lucem prodit cum dissertatione de ejus monarchatu. Opera et studio J. Garetii monarchi ordinis sancti Benedicti e congregatione sancti mauri. Nobis autem curantibus accesserunt complexiones in epistolas b. Pauli quas edidit et annotavit scipio Maffeius. Tomus posterior. – Parisiis, venit apud editorem, in via dicta d'amboise, près la barriere d'enfer, ou petit-montrouge. 1847“, p. 1225

Nouns have six genders: masculine, e.g. hic Cato 'this man Cato'; feminine, e.g. haec musa 'this muse'; neuter, e.g. hoc monile 'this necklace'; common to two genders, e.g. hic et haec sacerdos 'this priest or priestess'; of three genders, e.g. hic, et haec, et hoc felix 'this lucky man, woman or thing'; epicene, called promiscous in Latin, e.g. passer 'sparrow', aquila 'eagle'.

Genera nominum sunt sex: masculinum, ut hic Cato; femininum, ut haec musa; neutrum, ut hoc monile; commune duorum generum, ut hic et haec sacerdos: trium generum, ut hic, et haec, et hoc felix; epicoenon, quod Latine promiscuum dicitur, ut passer, aquila.

Genera nominum, septem sunt. Masculinum, cui praeponitur hic: ut hic Dominus. Foemineum, cui praeponitur haec: ut haec musa. Neutrum, cui praeponuntur hoc: ut hoc templum. Commune, cui praeponuntur hic, & haec: ut hic, & haec Sacerdos. Omne, cui praeponuntur hic, haec, hoc, vel per tres varias voces inflectitur: ut hic, haec, hoc felix, bonus, bona, bonum. Dubium, quod modo masculinum, modo faemineum, apud Oratores etiam invenitur: ut hic, vel haec dies. Promiscuum, in quo sexus uterque per alterum apparet: ut hic passer, haec aquila, hic lepus.

16th century, Andreas Semperius (a.k.a. Andreas Sampere, Andreu Sempere): Andreae Semperii Valentini Alcodiani, doctoris medici, prima grammaticae latinae institutio tribus libris explicata, Majorca/Mallorca, 1819, p.19

Nouns have seven genders. Masculine, which you can precede with hic: hic dominus 'this Lord'. Feminine, which you can precede with haec, e.g. haec musa 'this muse'. Neuter, which you can precede with hoc, e.g. hoc templum 'this temple'. Common, which you can precede with hic and haec: hic & haec sacerdos 'this male or female priest'. Universal, which you can precede with all three of hic, haec, hoc, or which vary in three forms, e.g. hic, haec, hoc felix 'this lucky man, woman, thing', hic bonus, haec bona, hoc bonum 'this good man, good woman, good thing'. Doubtful, which in the orators can be found to be sometimes masculine, sometimes feminine, e.g. hic, vel haec dies 'this day'. Promiscuous, in which a gender appears instead of another, e.g. hic passer 'this sparrow' (always masculine), haec aquila 'this eagle' (always feminine), hic lepus 'this rabbit' (always masculine).

Genera verborum quot sunt? Quinque. Quae? Activa passiva neutra deponentia communia.

How many types of verbs are there? Five. Which ones? Active, passive, neuter, deponent, common.

Verborum genera quinque sunt, activa passiva neutra communia deponentia.

Maurus Servius Honoratus, Commentarius in Artem Donati

There are five types of verbs: active, passive, neuter, common, deponent.

la-noun

genus n (genitive generis); third declension

generis (genitive)
genus (nominative singular)
genera (nominative plural)
generis (genitive singular)
generum (genitive plural)
generī (dative singular)
generibus (dative plural)
genus (accusative singular)
genera (accusative plural)
genere (ablative singular)
generibus (ablative plural)
genus (singular vocative)
genera (plural vocative)

Catalan: gens

Franco-Provençal: gins

Old French: giens

→ Arabic: جِنْس (jins)

→ Catalan: gènere

→ Danish: genus

→ Dutch: genus

→ English: genus (see there for further descendants)

→ Finnish: genus

→ Galician: xendra, xénero

→ German: Genus

→ Irish: géineas

→ Italian: genere

→ Old French: gen(d)re (see there for further descendants)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: genus

→ Portuguese: género, gênero (Brazil)

→ Romanian: gen

→ Spanish: género

→ Swedish: genus

From Proto-Italic *genos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os n (“race”), from the root *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, beget”); compare also gēns, gignō and -gnus, from the same root. From the genitive gener-is (< PIE *ǵénh₁es-os), the sound shift -r- < *-s- can be observed, through which the Old Latin form *genes-is can be reconstructed.
Cognates include Ancient Greek γένος (génos, “race, stock, kin, kind”), Sanskrit जनस् (jánas, “race, class of beings”), Proto-Celtic *genos (“birth; family”), and English kin. Doublet of genea.


genus

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


genus

head

genus m or n (definite singular genusen or genuset, indefinite plural genera or genus, definite plural genera or generaa or genusa or genusane)

genusen (definite singular)
genuset (definite singular)
genera (indefinite plural)
genus (indefinite plural)
genera (definite plural)
generaa (definite plural)
genusa (definite plural)
genusane (definite plural)


genus

genus (nominative singular)
genū (dual nominative)
genowes (nominative plural)
genu (singular vocative)
genū (dual vocative)
genūs (plural vocative)
genum (accusative singular)
genū (accusative dual)
genuns (accusative plural)
genous (genitive singular)
genous (dual genitive)
genowom (genitive plural)
genou (dative singular)
genubom (dative dual)
genubos (dative plural)
genū (instrumental singular)
genubim (dual instrumental)
genubis (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-Brythonic: *gen
Old Breton: gen
Middle Breton: guen
Breton: gen
Old Cornish: genau
Cornish: gen
Middle Welsh: gen
Welsh: gên

Old Irish: giun (“mouth”), gin
Middle Irish: gin
Irish: gion

Gaulish: gena (“cheek”)


genus

(grammar) gender (division of nouns and pronouns)

(social) gender, sex (social issues of being man or woman)

genus (indefinite nominative singular)
genus (genitive indefinite singular)
genuset (definite nominative singular)
genusets (definite genitive singular)
genus (indefinite nominative plural)
genus (genitive indefinite plural)
genusen (definite nominative plural)
genusens (definite genitive plural)