See gel- on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gol- (o-grade root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kalaną",
"t": "to be cold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *kalaną (“to be cold”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *kalaną (“to be cold”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gol-tó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kaldaz",
"t": "cold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *kaldaz (“cold”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *kaldaz (“cold”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gol-i-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kaliz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *kaliz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *kaliz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gel-u-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "gelus",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Latin: gelus m",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: gelus m, gelū n (“frost”), gelidus (“icy, frosty”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Baltic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gelumà"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: gelumà",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: gelumà"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fpr-pro",
"2": "*külmä",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Finno-Permic: *külmä",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Finno-Permic: *külmä"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*külmä"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic: *külmä",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Finnic: *külmä (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "*kɨn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Permic: *kɨn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Permic: *kɨn"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "koi",
"2": "кын"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Permyak: кын (kyn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Komi-Permyak: кын (kyn)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "udm",
"2": "кын"
},
"expansion": "Udmurt: кын (kyn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Udmurt: кын (kyn)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*këlmētēk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic: *këlmētēk",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samic: *këlmētēk (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*golotь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *golotь",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *golotь"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "голоть"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: голоть (golotĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: голоть (golotĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xȏldъ",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Slavic: *xȏldъ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Slavic: *xȏldъ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जल"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: जल (jala)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जड"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: जड (jaḍa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: जल (jala), Sanskrit: जड (jaḍa)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gel-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CeR-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be cold, to freeze"
],
"id": "en-gel--ine-pro-root-i6n7TOR0",
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
],
[
"freeze",
"freeze"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "gel-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gol- (o-grade root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kalaną",
"t": "to be cold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *kalaną (“to be cold”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *kalaną (“to be cold”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gol-tó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kaldaz",
"t": "cold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *kaldaz (“cold”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *kaldaz (“cold”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gol-i-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kaliz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *kaliz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *kaliz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gel-u-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "gelus",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Latin: gelus m",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: gelus m, gelū n (“frost”), gelidus (“icy, frosty”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Baltic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gelumà"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: gelumà",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: gelumà"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fpr-pro",
"2": "*külmä",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Finno-Permic: *külmä",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Finno-Permic: *külmä"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*külmä"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic: *külmä",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Finnic: *külmä (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "*kɨn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Permic: *kɨn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Permic: *kɨn"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "koi",
"2": "кын"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Permyak: кын (kyn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Komi-Permyak: кын (kyn)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "udm",
"2": "кын"
},
"expansion": "Udmurt: кын (kyn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Udmurt: кын (kyn)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*këlmētēk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic: *këlmētēk",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samic: *këlmētēk (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*golotь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *golotь",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *golotь"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "голоть"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: голоть (golotĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: голоть (golotĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xȏldъ",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Slavic: *xȏldъ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Slavic: *xȏldъ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जल"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: जल (jala)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जड"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: जड (jaḍa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: जल (jala), Sanskrit: जड (jaḍa)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gel-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European CeR-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"glosses": [
"to be cold, to freeze"
],
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
],
[
"freeze",
"freeze"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "gel-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gel- meaning in All languages combined (4.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.