See freshwater on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for freshwater meaning in All languages combined (13.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "freshwater crayfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "freshwater drum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "freshwater hydra"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "freshwater pearl mussel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "freshwater soldier"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "North American freshwater catfish"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "freche watur"
},
"expansion": "Middle English freche watur",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fresshe water"
},
"expansion": "fresshe water",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fresh",
"3": "water"
},
"expansion": "fresh + water",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English freche watur, fresshe water; equivalent to fresh + water.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "freshwater (not comparable)",
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
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"examples": [
{
"text": "The trout is a freshwater fish."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Living in fresh water."
],
"id": "en-freshwater-en-adj-Wjf2Lc6i",
"links": [
[
"fresh water",
"fresh water"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sladkovoden",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "сладководен"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "sladkovodní"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "ferskvands-"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "makean veden"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "dulçaquicole"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "dulcicole"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "de auga doce"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mṭḳnari c̣q̇lis",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "მტკნარი წყლის"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "Süßwasser-"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "édesvízi"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "fionnuisce"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "acqua dolce"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "air tawar"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "śuddhajala",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "ശുദ്ധജല"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "ferskvanns-"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "ferskvass-"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "słodkowodny"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "de apă dulce"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "presnovódnyj",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "пресново́дный"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "dulceacuícola"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 35 1 9",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "sötvattens-"
}
]
},
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Lake Baikal is the world's largest freshwater lake in terms of volume."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Consisting of fresh water."
],
"id": "en-freshwater-en-adj-tslJT069",
"links": [
[
"fresh water",
"fresh water"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "36 53 1 9",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sladkovoden",
"sense": "consisting of fresh water",
"word": "сладководен"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 53 1 9",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "consisting of fresh water",
"word": "ferskvands-"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 53 1 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "consisting of fresh water",
"word": "makeavetinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 53 1 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "consisting of fresh water",
"word": "Süßwasser-"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 53 1 9",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "consisting of fresh water",
"word": "fionnuisce"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 53 1 9",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "śuddhajalaṁ",
"sense": "consisting of fresh water",
"word": "ശുദ്ധജലം"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 53 1 9",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "consisting of fresh water",
"word": "słodkowodny"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "en:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a freshwater sailor"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Unskilled as a seaman."
],
"id": "en-freshwater-en-adj-OmztJYDR",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"seaman",
"seaman"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) Unskilled as a seaman."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 3 91 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "unskilled as seaman",
"word": "järvi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 91 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "unskilled as seaman",
"word": "sisävesi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 91 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "unskilled as seaman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "marin d’eau douce"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 91 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "unskilled as seaman",
"word": "mariño de auga doce"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 91 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "unskilled as seaman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "úruisce"
}
]
},
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"langcode": "en",
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"orig": "en:Economics",
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{
"text": "2012, John Quiggin, Zombie Economics: How Dead Ideas Still Walk Among Us, Princeton University Press (expanded paperback ed., 1st ed. from 2010), →ISBN, page 86.\nMeanwhile, the freshwater side of the dispute rapidly reverted to arguments from the nineteenth century, which had been debunked by Keynes and Irving Fisher.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"neoclassical, in reference to U.S. macroeconomics and economics departments near the Great Lakes."
],
"id": "en-freshwater-en-adj-JnpRXWLM",
"links": [
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"raw_glosses": [
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sweetwater"
}
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
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"science",
"sciences"
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}
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"etymology_text": "From Middle English freche watur, fresshe water; equivalent to fresh + water.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "freshwaters",
"tags": [
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{
"ref": "1953, Publications of the Institute of Marine Science, volumes 3-4, page 100",
"text": "Fossils with low Sr/Ca ratios indicating origin in a freshwater of a type which has a low Sr/Ca ratio: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1967, Bent J. Muus, The Fauna of Danish Estuaries and Lagoons, page 87",
"text": "Smith (1958) found that N. limnicola in Lake Merced, virtually a freshwater, had no paragnaths or at the most one on section I against the \"normal\" 1–2.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Brian R. Moss, Ecology of Fresh Waters: A View for the Twenty-First Century",
"text": "The chances of long-term preservation of fossils in freshwaters are minimal, for freshwaters are readily disturbed and destroyed by drought on the land masses.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Sophie Lake, Durwyn Liley, Robert Still, Britain's Habitats",
"text": "Freshwaters are portrayed in many artforms, including books such as Kenneth Grahame's childrens' story Wind in the Willows.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A body of fresh water"
],
"id": "en-freshwater-en-noun-SGyZaOP4",
"links": [
[
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"fresh water"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A body of fresh water"
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "57 43",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "body of fresh water",
"word": "makean veden vesistö"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 43",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "body of fresh water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fionnuisce"
}
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "fresh water"
}
],
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1978, Roger M. Waller, John T. Turk, Robert J. Dingman, “Potential effects of deep-well waste disposal in western New York”, in Geological Survey Professional Paper, page 21",
"text": "Schematic diagram of the viscosity effect during the injection of freshwater.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2002, Friedrich A. Schott, Physical Oceanography of the Indian Ocean During WOCE, page 1246",
"text": "Above 200m, high-salinity water was being carried southward out of the Arabian Sea. This implies that most of the freshwater was imported into the Arabian Sea in the upper layer.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Guy Levy, P. Fine, A. Bar-Tal, Treated Wastewater in Agriculture",
"text": "Actual field data of Cl distribution in soil after irrigation with TWW and freshwater were obtained in a field experiment in Israel (Feigin et al., 2005; Fine et al. 2007).",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014 April 20, Richard Conniff, “An evolutionary family drama”, in The New York Times",
"text": "Alewives are anadromous fish: Born in freshwater, they spend their lives in the ocean, returning annually to their birthplaces to spawn.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of fresh water"
],
"id": "en-freshwater-en-noun-DLSSi1UO",
"links": [
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"tags": [
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"derived": [
{
"word": "freshwater crayfish"
},
{
"word": "freshwater drum"
},
{
"word": "freshwater hydra"
},
{
"word": "freshwater pearl mussel"
},
{
"word": "freshwater soldier"
},
{
"word": "North American freshwater catfish"
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},
{
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{
"text": "a freshwater sailor"
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"text": "2012, John Quiggin, Zombie Economics: How Dead Ideas Still Walk Among Us, Princeton University Press (expanded paperback ed., 1st ed. from 2010), →ISBN, page 86.\nMeanwhile, the freshwater side of the dispute rapidly reverted to arguments from the nineteenth century, which had been debunked by Keynes and Irving Fisher.",
"type": "quotation"
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"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sladkovoden",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "сладководен"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "sladkovodní"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "ferskvands-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "makean veden"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "dulçaquicole"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "dulcicole"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "de auga doce"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mṭḳnari c̣q̇lis",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "მტკნარი წყლის"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "Süßwasser-"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "édesvízi"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "fionnuisce"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "acqua dolce"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "air tawar"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "śuddhajala",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "ശുദ്ധജല"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "ferskvanns-"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "ferskvass-"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "słodkowodny"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "de apă dulce"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "presnovódnyj",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "пресново́дный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "dulceacuícola"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "living in fresh water",
"word": "sötvattens-"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sladkovoden",
"sense": "consisting of fresh water",
"word": "сладководен"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "consisting of fresh water",
"word": "ferskvands-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "consisting of fresh water",
"word": "makeavetinen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "consisting of fresh water",
"word": "Süßwasser-"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "consisting of fresh water",
"word": "fionnuisce"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "śuddhajalaṁ",
"sense": "consisting of fresh water",
"word": "ശുദ്ധജലം"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "consisting of fresh water",
"word": "słodkowodny"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "unskilled as seaman",
"word": "järvi-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "unskilled as seaman",
"word": "sisävesi-"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "unskilled as seaman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "marin d’eau douce"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "unskilled as seaman",
"word": "mariño de auga doce"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "unskilled as seaman",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "úruisce"
}
],
"word": "freshwater"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English adjective-noun compound nouns",
"English adjectives",
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "freche watur"
},
"expansion": "Middle English freche watur",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fresshe water"
},
"expansion": "fresshe water",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fresh",
"3": "water"
},
"expansion": "fresh + water",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English freche watur, fresshe water; equivalent to fresh + water.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "freshwaters",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "freshwater (countable and uncountable, plural freshwaters)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1953, Publications of the Institute of Marine Science, volumes 3-4, page 100",
"text": "Fossils with low Sr/Ca ratios indicating origin in a freshwater of a type which has a low Sr/Ca ratio: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1967, Bent J. Muus, The Fauna of Danish Estuaries and Lagoons, page 87",
"text": "Smith (1958) found that N. limnicola in Lake Merced, virtually a freshwater, had no paragnaths or at the most one on section I against the \"normal\" 1–2.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Brian R. Moss, Ecology of Fresh Waters: A View for the Twenty-First Century",
"text": "The chances of long-term preservation of fossils in freshwaters are minimal, for freshwaters are readily disturbed and destroyed by drought on the land masses.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Sophie Lake, Durwyn Liley, Robert Still, Britain's Habitats",
"text": "Freshwaters are portrayed in many artforms, including books such as Kenneth Grahame's childrens' story Wind in the Willows.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A body of fresh water"
],
"links": [
[
"fresh water",
"fresh water"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A body of fresh water"
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "fresh water"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1978, Roger M. Waller, John T. Turk, Robert J. Dingman, “Potential effects of deep-well waste disposal in western New York”, in Geological Survey Professional Paper, page 21",
"text": "Schematic diagram of the viscosity effect during the injection of freshwater.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2002, Friedrich A. Schott, Physical Oceanography of the Indian Ocean During WOCE, page 1246",
"text": "Above 200m, high-salinity water was being carried southward out of the Arabian Sea. This implies that most of the freshwater was imported into the Arabian Sea in the upper layer.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Guy Levy, P. Fine, A. Bar-Tal, Treated Wastewater in Agriculture",
"text": "Actual field data of Cl distribution in soil after irrigation with TWW and freshwater were obtained in a field experiment in Israel (Feigin et al., 2005; Fine et al. 2007).",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014 April 20, Richard Conniff, “An evolutionary family drama”, in The New York Times",
"text": "Alewives are anadromous fish: Born in freshwater, they spend their lives in the ocean, returning annually to their birthplaces to spawn.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of fresh water"
],
"links": [
[
"fresh water",
"fresh water#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-freshwater.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/01/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-freshwater.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-freshwater.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/01/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-freshwater.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-freshwater.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "body of fresh water",
"word": "makean veden vesistö"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "body of fresh water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fionnuisce"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"freshwater"
],
"word": "freshwater"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.