See externality on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "network externality"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "nonexternality"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "production externality"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "external",
"3": "ity"
},
"expansion": "external + -ity",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From external + -ity.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "externalities",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "externality (countable and uncountable, plural externalities)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "collateral damage"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "74 5 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 3 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 2 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 3 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 2 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 4 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 4 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 5 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 4 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 4 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 2 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 4 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 4 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 4 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 4 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 3 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1916, Ralph Barton Perry, Present philosophical tendencies, page 319:",
"text": "But according to the theory of the externality of relations, terms acquire from their new relations an added character, which does not either condition, or necessarily alter, the character which they already possess.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The state of being external or externalized."
],
"id": "en-externality-en-noun-d6DgCLEk",
"links": [
[
"external",
"external"
],
[
"externalized",
"externalized"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) The state of being external or externalized."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "85 10 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of being external",
"word": "ulkopuolisuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 10 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "state of being external",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "externalitate"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 10 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "state of being external",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "eksternost"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 10 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "state of being external",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "exterioridad"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A thing that is external relative to something else."
],
"id": "en-externality-en-noun-VnRow7cj",
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A thing that is external relative to something else."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 90 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "thing that is external relative to something else",
"word": "ulkopuolisuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 90 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "thing that is external relative to something else",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "ulkopuolinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 90 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "thing that is external relative to something else",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "eksternost"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Economics",
"orig": "en:Economics",
"parents": [
"Social sciences",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Waste is a negative externality arising from consumption.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2007, George W. Bush, Executive Order 13422:",
"text": "\"(1) Each agency shall identify in writing the specific market failure (such as externalities, market power, lack of information) or other specific problem that it intends to address (including, where applicable, the failures of public institutions) that warrant new agency action, as well as assess the significance of that problem, to enable assessment of whether any new regulation is warranted.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An impact, positive or negative, on any party not involved in a given economic transaction or act."
],
"id": "en-externality-en-noun-3B-i9~BI",
"links": [
[
"economics",
"economics"
],
[
"impact",
"impact"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(economics, countable) An impact, positive or negative, on any party not involved in a given economic transaction or act."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"economics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "artakʻin azdak",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"word": "արտաքին ազդակ"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "efecte extern"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "externalitat"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "externalita"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"word": "välismõju"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"word": "ulkoisvaikutus"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "externalité"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "externer Effekt"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Externalität"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "km",
"english": "peak hi pheap",
"lang": "Khmer",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"word": "ពហិភាព"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "externalitate"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "eksternálija",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"word": "экстерна́лия"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vnéšnij effékt",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"word": "вне́шний эффе́кт"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "eksternalija"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "eksternost"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "externalidad"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "extern effekt"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "eksternálija",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"word": "екстерна́лія"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 93",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zovnišnij efekt",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зовнішній ефект"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛkstəˈnælɪti/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-externality.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-externality.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-externality.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-externality.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-externality.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛkstɚˈnælɪti/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ekstəˈnælɪti/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ælɪti"
}
],
"word": "externality"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms suffixed with -ity",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ælɪti",
"Rhymes:English/ælɪti/5 syllables",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "network externality"
},
{
"word": "nonexternality"
},
{
"word": "production externality"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "external",
"3": "ity"
},
"expansion": "external + -ity",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From external + -ity.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "externalities",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "externality (countable and uncountable, plural externalities)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "collateral damage"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1916, Ralph Barton Perry, Present philosophical tendencies, page 319:",
"text": "But according to the theory of the externality of relations, terms acquire from their new relations an added character, which does not either condition, or necessarily alter, the character which they already possess.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The state of being external or externalized."
],
"links": [
[
"external",
"external"
],
[
"externalized",
"externalized"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) The state of being external or externalized."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"A thing that is external relative to something else."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A thing that is external relative to something else."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Economics"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Waste is a negative externality arising from consumption.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2007, George W. Bush, Executive Order 13422:",
"text": "\"(1) Each agency shall identify in writing the specific market failure (such as externalities, market power, lack of information) or other specific problem that it intends to address (including, where applicable, the failures of public institutions) that warrant new agency action, as well as assess the significance of that problem, to enable assessment of whether any new regulation is warranted.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An impact, positive or negative, on any party not involved in a given economic transaction or act."
],
"links": [
[
"economics",
"economics"
],
[
"impact",
"impact"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(economics, countable) An impact, positive or negative, on any party not involved in a given economic transaction or act."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"economics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛkstəˈnælɪti/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-externality.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-externality.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-externality.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-externality.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-externality.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛkstɚˈnælɪti/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ekstəˈnælɪti/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ælɪti"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of being external",
"word": "ulkopuolisuus"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "state of being external",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "externalitate"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "state of being external",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "eksternost"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "state of being external",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "exterioridad"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "thing that is external relative to something else",
"word": "ulkopuolisuus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "thing that is external relative to something else",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "ulkopuolinen"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "thing that is external relative to something else",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "eksternost"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "artakʻin azdak",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"word": "արտաքին ազդակ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "efecte extern"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "externalitat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "externalita"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"word": "välismõju"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"word": "ulkoisvaikutus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "externalité"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "externer Effekt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Externalität"
},
{
"code": "km",
"english": "peak hi pheap",
"lang": "Khmer",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"word": "ពហិភាព"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "externalitate"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "eksternálija",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"word": "экстерна́лия"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vnéšnij effékt",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"word": "вне́шний эффе́кт"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "eksternalija"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "eksternost"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "externalidad"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "extern effekt"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "eksternálija",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"word": "екстерна́лія"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zovnišnij efekt",
"sense": "impact on any party not involved in a given economic transaction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зовнішній ефект"
}
],
"word": "externality"
}
Download raw JSONL data for externality meaning in All languages combined (7.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (ee63ee9 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.