"eigenarray" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "eigen",
        "3": "array"
      },
      "expansion": "eigen- + array",
      "name": "prefix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "eigen- + array",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "eigenarrays",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "eigenarray (plural eigenarrays)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms prefixed with eigen-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Genetics",
          "orig": "en:Genetics",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Mathematics",
          "orig": "en:Mathematics",
          "parents": [
            "Formal sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "1999, O. Alter et al., ‘‘Singular Value Decomposition for Gene Expression Data Processing and Modeling.’’ In: After the Genome V (December 6–10, 1999, Jackson Hole, WY).\nWe describe the use of singular value decomposition in transforming gene expression data from genes/arrays space to ‘‘eigengenes’’/‘‘eigenarrays’’ space, where the eigengenes and eigenarrays are unique orthonormal superpositions of the genes and arrays, respectively."
        },
        {
          "text": "2000, O. Alter et al., ‘‘Singular value decomposition for genome-wide expression data processing and modeling,’’ Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97 (18), pp. 10101–10106. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.18.10101.\nAfter normalization and sorting, the significant eigengenes and eigenarrays can be associated with observed genome-wide effects of regulators, or with measured samples, in which these regulators are overactive or underactive, respectively."
        },
        {
          "text": "2002, T. O. Nielsen et al., ‘‘Molecular Characterisation of Soft Tissue Tumours: a Gene Expression Study,’’ Lancet 359 (9314), pp. 1301–1307. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08270-3.\nThe separation of the calponin-positive leiomyosarcoma subgroup from the calponin-negative tumours was dominant, and resulted in an important eigengene and corresponding eigenarray."
        },
        {
          "text": "2006, C. M. Li and R. R. Klevecz, ‘‘A rapid genome-scale response of the transcriptional oscillator to perturbation reveals a period-doubling path to phenotypic change,’’ Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103 (44), pp. 16254–16259. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604860103.\nA reconstruction of the attractor can be seen in the plot of the principal eigengenes 2, 3, and 4."
        },
        {
          "text": "2008, A. Y. Gracey et al., ‘‘Rhythms of Gene Expression in a Fluctuating Intertidal Environment,’’ Curr. Biol. 18 (19), pp. 1501-1507. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2008.08.049.\nSignificantly correlated with the first eigengene were GO terms that we classified as being broadly associated with ‘‘metabolism’’ because this cluster was enriched for genes involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), the electron transport chain, metabolism, ATP synthesis, and protein degradation."
        },
        {
          "text": "2012, M. J. Hawrylycz et al., ‘‘An anatomically comprehensive atlas of the adult human brain transcriptome,’’ Nature 489 (7416), pp. 391–399. doi: 10.1038/nature11405.\nEach module is represented by an ‘eigengene’ corresponding to its expression pattern across structures (first left singular vector of the gene × structure matrix), and genes highly correlated with the module eigengene are called ‘hub’ genes."
        },
        {
          "text": "2013, J. L. Padilla-Gamiño et al., ‘‘Temperature and CO₂ additively regulate physiology, morphology and genomic responses of larval sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus’’ Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 280 (1759), article 20130155. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2013.0155.\nOur gene expression data also indicate that the cystoskeleton is sensitive to shifts in temperature and pCO₂: genes encoding fundamental components of the cellular cytoskeleton such as actin and alpha and beta tubulins were upregulated under elevated temperature, but downregulated under elevated pCO₂ (eigengene 1)."
        },
        {
          "text": "2014, J. M. Tennessen et al., ‘‘Coordinated metabolic transitions during Drosophila embryogenesis and the onset of aerobic glycolysis’’ G3:Genes|Genomes|Genetics 4 (5), pp. 839–850. doi: 10.1534/g3.114.010652.\nThe second most significant pattern identified by SVD corresponds to broad upregulation of gene expression midway through embryogenesis and is strikingly similar to the coordinate induction of glycolytic genes that defines the embryonic metabolic transition (EmbMT) (eigengene pattern 2)."
        },
        {
          "text": "2020, O. Alter, ‘‘Discovering Genome-Scale Predictors of Survival and Response to Treatment with Multi-Tensor Decompositions’’ 2020 American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Virtual Annual Meeting II (June 22–24, 2020); YouTube video.\nThe SVD finds for us patterns that look like genes, which is the eigengene concept which we invented."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(mathematics) One of a set of left singular vectors of a genes x samples matrix that tabulates, e.g., the mRNA or gene expression of the genes across the samples, where the samples were assayed by using DNA microarrays. The corresponding right singular vector is the corresponding eigengene."
      ],
      "id": "en-eigenarray-en-noun-Ul29HDqG",
      "links": [
        [
          "genetics",
          "genetics"
        ],
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "vector",
          "vector"
        ],
        [
          "gene",
          "gene"
        ],
        [
          "matrix",
          "matrix"
        ],
        [
          "gene expression",
          "gene expression"
        ],
        [
          "DNA microarrays",
          "DNA microarrays"
        ],
        [
          "eigengene",
          "eigengene"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(genetics) (mathematics) One of a set of left singular vectors of a genes x samples matrix that tabulates, e.g., the mRNA or gene expression of the genes across the samples, where the samples were assayed by using DNA microarrays. The corresponding right singular vector is the corresponding eigengene."
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "eigengenome"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "genetics",
        "medicine",
        "natural-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "eigenarray"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "eigen",
        "3": "array"
      },
      "expansion": "eigen- + array",
      "name": "prefix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "eigen- + array",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "eigenarrays",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "eigenarray (plural eigenarrays)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "eigengenome"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English terms prefixed with eigen-",
        "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
        "en:Genetics",
        "en:Mathematics"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "1999, O. Alter et al., ‘‘Singular Value Decomposition for Gene Expression Data Processing and Modeling.’’ In: After the Genome V (December 6–10, 1999, Jackson Hole, WY).\nWe describe the use of singular value decomposition in transforming gene expression data from genes/arrays space to ‘‘eigengenes’’/‘‘eigenarrays’’ space, where the eigengenes and eigenarrays are unique orthonormal superpositions of the genes and arrays, respectively."
        },
        {
          "text": "2000, O. Alter et al., ‘‘Singular value decomposition for genome-wide expression data processing and modeling,’’ Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97 (18), pp. 10101–10106. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.18.10101.\nAfter normalization and sorting, the significant eigengenes and eigenarrays can be associated with observed genome-wide effects of regulators, or with measured samples, in which these regulators are overactive or underactive, respectively."
        },
        {
          "text": "2002, T. O. Nielsen et al., ‘‘Molecular Characterisation of Soft Tissue Tumours: a Gene Expression Study,’’ Lancet 359 (9314), pp. 1301–1307. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08270-3.\nThe separation of the calponin-positive leiomyosarcoma subgroup from the calponin-negative tumours was dominant, and resulted in an important eigengene and corresponding eigenarray."
        },
        {
          "text": "2006, C. M. Li and R. R. Klevecz, ‘‘A rapid genome-scale response of the transcriptional oscillator to perturbation reveals a period-doubling path to phenotypic change,’’ Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103 (44), pp. 16254–16259. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0604860103.\nA reconstruction of the attractor can be seen in the plot of the principal eigengenes 2, 3, and 4."
        },
        {
          "text": "2008, A. Y. Gracey et al., ‘‘Rhythms of Gene Expression in a Fluctuating Intertidal Environment,’’ Curr. Biol. 18 (19), pp. 1501-1507. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2008.08.049.\nSignificantly correlated with the first eigengene were GO terms that we classified as being broadly associated with ‘‘metabolism’’ because this cluster was enriched for genes involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), the electron transport chain, metabolism, ATP synthesis, and protein degradation."
        },
        {
          "text": "2012, M. J. Hawrylycz et al., ‘‘An anatomically comprehensive atlas of the adult human brain transcriptome,’’ Nature 489 (7416), pp. 391–399. doi: 10.1038/nature11405.\nEach module is represented by an ‘eigengene’ corresponding to its expression pattern across structures (first left singular vector of the gene × structure matrix), and genes highly correlated with the module eigengene are called ‘hub’ genes."
        },
        {
          "text": "2013, J. L. Padilla-Gamiño et al., ‘‘Temperature and CO₂ additively regulate physiology, morphology and genomic responses of larval sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus’’ Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 280 (1759), article 20130155. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2013.0155.\nOur gene expression data also indicate that the cystoskeleton is sensitive to shifts in temperature and pCO₂: genes encoding fundamental components of the cellular cytoskeleton such as actin and alpha and beta tubulins were upregulated under elevated temperature, but downregulated under elevated pCO₂ (eigengene 1)."
        },
        {
          "text": "2014, J. M. Tennessen et al., ‘‘Coordinated metabolic transitions during Drosophila embryogenesis and the onset of aerobic glycolysis’’ G3:Genes|Genomes|Genetics 4 (5), pp. 839–850. doi: 10.1534/g3.114.010652.\nThe second most significant pattern identified by SVD corresponds to broad upregulation of gene expression midway through embryogenesis and is strikingly similar to the coordinate induction of glycolytic genes that defines the embryonic metabolic transition (EmbMT) (eigengene pattern 2)."
        },
        {
          "text": "2020, O. Alter, ‘‘Discovering Genome-Scale Predictors of Survival and Response to Treatment with Multi-Tensor Decompositions’’ 2020 American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Virtual Annual Meeting II (June 22–24, 2020); YouTube video.\nThe SVD finds for us patterns that look like genes, which is the eigengene concept which we invented."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(mathematics) One of a set of left singular vectors of a genes x samples matrix that tabulates, e.g., the mRNA or gene expression of the genes across the samples, where the samples were assayed by using DNA microarrays. The corresponding right singular vector is the corresponding eigengene."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "genetics",
          "genetics"
        ],
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "vector",
          "vector"
        ],
        [
          "gene",
          "gene"
        ],
        [
          "matrix",
          "matrix"
        ],
        [
          "gene expression",
          "gene expression"
        ],
        [
          "DNA microarrays",
          "DNA microarrays"
        ],
        [
          "eigengene",
          "eigengene"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(genetics) (mathematics) One of a set of left singular vectors of a genes x samples matrix that tabulates, e.g., the mRNA or gene expression of the genes across the samples, where the samples were assayed by using DNA microarrays. The corresponding right singular vector is the corresponding eigengene."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "genetics",
        "medicine",
        "natural-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "eigenarray"
}