derf in All languages combined

Forms: mair derf [comparative], maist derf [superlative] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Middle English derf (“bold, daring, strong”), from Old English dearf, deorf (“bold”), from Proto-Germanic *derbaz. Cognate with Danish djærv (“bold”), Faroese djarvur (“bold”), Icelandic djarfur (“bold”), Norwegian djerv (“bold”), Swedish djärv (“bold”). Etymology templates: {{inh|sco|enm|derf|t=bold, daring, strong}} Middle English derf (“bold, daring, strong”), {{inh|sco|ang|dearf}} Old English dearf, {{m|ang|deorf|t=bold}} deorf (“bold”), {{inh|sco|gem-pro|*derbaz}} Proto-Germanic *derbaz, {{cog|da|djærv||bold}} Danish djærv (“bold”), {{cog|fo|djarvur||bold}} Faroese djarvur (“bold”), {{cog|is|djarfur||bold}} Icelandic djarfur (“bold”), {{cog|no|djerv||bold}} Norwegian djerv (“bold”), {{cog|sv|djärv||bold}} Swedish djärv (“bold”) Head templates: {{head|sco|adjective|comparative|mair derf|||||superlative|maist derf||||}} derf (comparative mair derf, superlative maist derf), {{sco-adj}} derf (comparative mair derf, superlative maist derf)

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "derfly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "derfness"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "derf",
        "t": "bold, daring, strong"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English derf (“bold, daring, strong”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "dearf"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English dearf",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "deorf",
        "t": "bold"
      },
      "expansion": "deorf (“bold”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*derbaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *derbaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "djærv",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bold"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish djærv (“bold”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fo",
        "2": "djarvur",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bold"
      },
      "expansion": "Faroese djarvur (“bold”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "djarfur",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bold"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic djarfur (“bold”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "djerv",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bold"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian djerv (“bold”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "djärv",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bold"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish djärv (“bold”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English derf (“bold, daring, strong”), from Old English dearf, deorf (“bold”), from Proto-Germanic *derbaz. Cognate with Danish djærv (“bold”), Faroese djarvur (“bold”), Icelandic djarfur (“bold”), Norwegian djerv (“bold”), Swedish djärv (“bold”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mair derf",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "maist derf",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "10": "maist derf",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "comparative",
        "4": "mair derf",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "superlative"
      },
      "expansion": "derf (comparative mair derf, superlative maist derf)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "derf (comparative mair derf, superlative maist derf)",
      "name": "sco-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Scots",
  "lang_code": "sco",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "strong, powerful"
      ],
      "id": "en-derf-sco-adj-32xCh9bM",
      "links": [
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ],
        [
          "powerful",
          "powerful"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 65",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "daring, bold"
      ],
      "id": "en-derf-sco-adj-6e~LuKt6",
      "links": [
        [
          "daring",
          "daring"
        ],
        [
          "bold",
          "bold"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "derff"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "durf"
    }
  ],
  "word": "derf"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Scots adjectives",
    "Scots archaic terms",
    "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
    "Scots lemmas",
    "Scots terms derived from Middle English",
    "Scots terms derived from Old English",
    "Scots terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Scots terms inherited from Middle English",
    "Scots terms inherited from Old English",
    "Scots terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "derfly"
    },
    {
      "word": "derfness"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "derf",
        "t": "bold, daring, strong"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English derf (“bold, daring, strong”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "dearf"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English dearf",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "deorf",
        "t": "bold"
      },
      "expansion": "deorf (“bold”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*derbaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *derbaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "djærv",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bold"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish djærv (“bold”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fo",
        "2": "djarvur",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bold"
      },
      "expansion": "Faroese djarvur (“bold”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "djarfur",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bold"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic djarfur (“bold”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "no",
        "2": "djerv",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bold"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian djerv (“bold”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "djärv",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bold"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish djärv (“bold”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English derf (“bold, daring, strong”), from Old English dearf, deorf (“bold”), from Proto-Germanic *derbaz. Cognate with Danish djærv (“bold”), Faroese djarvur (“bold”), Icelandic djarfur (“bold”), Norwegian djerv (“bold”), Swedish djärv (“bold”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mair derf",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "maist derf",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "10": "maist derf",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "comparative",
        "4": "mair derf",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "superlative"
      },
      "expansion": "derf (comparative mair derf, superlative maist derf)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "derf (comparative mair derf, superlative maist derf)",
      "name": "sco-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Scots",
  "lang_code": "sco",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "strong, powerful"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ],
        [
          "powerful",
          "powerful"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "daring, bold"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "daring",
          "daring"
        ],
        [
          "bold",
          "bold"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "derff"
    },
    {
      "word": "durf"
    }
  ],
  "word": "derf"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"derf" meaning in All languages combined

Adjective [Scots]