See cytoskeleton on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for cytoskeleton meaning in All languages combined (6.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cyto",
"3": "skeleton"
},
"expansion": "cyto- + skeleton",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "cyto- + skeleton",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cytoskeletons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cytoskeleta",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+",
"2": "cytoskeleta"
},
"expansion": "cytoskeleton (plural cytoskeletons or cytoskeleta)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with cyto-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1981, Leonardo, volume 14, page 311",
"text": "Thus, large systems such as viruses, multienzyme complexes, cell-cytoskeleta and flagella are usually constructed from multiple copies of the same protein.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1992, A. Zilker, H. Strey, E. Sackmann, “Erythrocytes Membranes: Tethered Shells with Fluid-Like Deformation Regime”, in Reinhard Lipowsky, Dieter Richter, Kurt Kremer, editors, The Structure and Conformation of Amphiphilic Membranes: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Amphiphilic Membranes, Jülich, Germany, September 16–18, 1991 (Springer Proceedings in Physics; 66), Springer-Verlag, part II (Conformation of Membranes), page 114",
"text": "Judged from Electron-Microscopy (EM) studies of bilayer depleted cytoskeleta the spectrin/actin network exhibits basically a hexagonal (triangular) topology.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Cancer Research, volume 54, number 9, page 2592, column 1",
"text": "In this process, cellular debris and cytoskeleta of the lysed cells were effectively removed, and the underlying ECM remained intact and adhered to the entire area of the tissue culture dish.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Maria K. Pospieszalska, Klaus Ley, “Modeling Leukocyte Rolling”, in Klaus Ley, editor, Leucocyte Rolling and Adhesion (Current Topics in Membranes; 64), Academic Press, section 2 (Adhesion Molecules), page 224",
"text": "Cells including leukocytes are not just bags of cytosol, but have structured cytoskeleta, surface structures, and different viscoelastic properties at different length and time scales.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Barbara Bravi, Giuseppe Longo, “The Unconventionality of Nature: Biology, from Noise to Functional Randomness”, in Cristian S. Calude, Michael J. Dinneen, editors, Unconventional Computation and Natural Computation: 14th International Conference, UCNC 2015, Auckland, New Zealand, August 30 – September 3, 2015, Proceedings, Springer, page 29",
"text": "One may consider then the resulting forms as due to the plasticity of organismal development, as cytoskeleta seem shaped, not just selected, also by gravity.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021, Michael Frame, Mathematical Models in the Biosciences 1, Yale University Press, page 394",
"text": "The Poisson distribution can model fiber-fiber contacts in random fiber networks. Biological examples include connective tissues (cartilage and tendons) and cellular cytoskeleta.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A matrix of intercellular protein, in the forms of microfilaments and microtubules, that provide some rigidity to cells"
],
"id": "en-cytoskeleton-en-noun-0dZneBEM",
"links": [
[
"matrix",
"matrix"
],
[
"intercellular",
"intercellular"
],
[
"protein",
"protein"
],
[
"microfilament",
"microfilament"
],
[
"microtubule",
"microtubule"
],
[
"rigidity",
"rigidity"
],
[
"cell",
"cell"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "haykal ḵalawiyy",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "هَيْكَل خَلَوِيّ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "citosquelet"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "細胞骨架"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xìbāo gǔjià",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "细胞骨架"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "cytoskelet"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cytoskelet"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "ĉelskeleto"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "sytoskeletoni"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cytosquelette"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "citoesqueleto"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "Zytoskelett"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "citoscheletro"
},
{
"alt": "さいぼうこっかく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "saibō kokkaku",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "細胞骨格"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peykerê xaneyê"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "cytosceletus"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cytoszkielet"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "citoesqueleto"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "citoschelet"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "citoskelét",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "цитоскеле́т"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "citoesqueleto"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "cellskelett"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "cytoskelét",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "цитоскеле́т"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "bộ xương tế bào"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cytoskeleton"
]
}
],
"word": "cytoskeleton"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cyto",
"3": "skeleton"
},
"expansion": "cyto- + skeleton",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "cyto- + skeleton",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cytoskeletons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cytoskeleta",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+",
"2": "cytoskeleta"
},
"expansion": "cytoskeleton (plural cytoskeletons or cytoskeleta)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms prefixed with cyto-",
"English terms with quotations",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"Translation table header lacks gloss"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1981, Leonardo, volume 14, page 311",
"text": "Thus, large systems such as viruses, multienzyme complexes, cell-cytoskeleta and flagella are usually constructed from multiple copies of the same protein.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1992, A. Zilker, H. Strey, E. Sackmann, “Erythrocytes Membranes: Tethered Shells with Fluid-Like Deformation Regime”, in Reinhard Lipowsky, Dieter Richter, Kurt Kremer, editors, The Structure and Conformation of Amphiphilic Membranes: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Amphiphilic Membranes, Jülich, Germany, September 16–18, 1991 (Springer Proceedings in Physics; 66), Springer-Verlag, part II (Conformation of Membranes), page 114",
"text": "Judged from Electron-Microscopy (EM) studies of bilayer depleted cytoskeleta the spectrin/actin network exhibits basically a hexagonal (triangular) topology.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Cancer Research, volume 54, number 9, page 2592, column 1",
"text": "In this process, cellular debris and cytoskeleta of the lysed cells were effectively removed, and the underlying ECM remained intact and adhered to the entire area of the tissue culture dish.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Maria K. Pospieszalska, Klaus Ley, “Modeling Leukocyte Rolling”, in Klaus Ley, editor, Leucocyte Rolling and Adhesion (Current Topics in Membranes; 64), Academic Press, section 2 (Adhesion Molecules), page 224",
"text": "Cells including leukocytes are not just bags of cytosol, but have structured cytoskeleta, surface structures, and different viscoelastic properties at different length and time scales.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Barbara Bravi, Giuseppe Longo, “The Unconventionality of Nature: Biology, from Noise to Functional Randomness”, in Cristian S. Calude, Michael J. Dinneen, editors, Unconventional Computation and Natural Computation: 14th International Conference, UCNC 2015, Auckland, New Zealand, August 30 – September 3, 2015, Proceedings, Springer, page 29",
"text": "One may consider then the resulting forms as due to the plasticity of organismal development, as cytoskeleta seem shaped, not just selected, also by gravity.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021, Michael Frame, Mathematical Models in the Biosciences 1, Yale University Press, page 394",
"text": "The Poisson distribution can model fiber-fiber contacts in random fiber networks. Biological examples include connective tissues (cartilage and tendons) and cellular cytoskeleta.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A matrix of intercellular protein, in the forms of microfilaments and microtubules, that provide some rigidity to cells"
],
"links": [
[
"matrix",
"matrix"
],
[
"intercellular",
"intercellular"
],
[
"protein",
"protein"
],
[
"microfilament",
"microfilament"
],
[
"microtubule",
"microtubule"
],
[
"rigidity",
"rigidity"
],
[
"cell",
"cell"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"cytoskeleton"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "haykal ḵalawiyy",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "هَيْكَل خَلَوِيّ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "citosquelet"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "細胞骨架"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xìbāo gǔjià",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "细胞骨架"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "cytoskelet"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cytoskelet"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "ĉelskeleto"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "sytoskeletoni"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cytosquelette"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "citoesqueleto"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "Zytoskelett"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "citoscheletro"
},
{
"alt": "さいぼうこっかく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "saibō kokkaku",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "細胞骨格"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peykerê xaneyê"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "cytosceletus"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cytoszkielet"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "citoesqueleto"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "citoschelet"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "citoskelét",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "цитоскеле́т"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "citoesqueleto"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "cellskelett"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "cytoskelét",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "цитоскеле́т"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "bộ xương tế bào"
}
],
"word": "cytoskeleton"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.